Prevalence Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Articles

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseases and Awareness of Related Burden in Women: Results of a Survey in Italian Pharmacies.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for women worldwide, yet they are often unaware of this heavy burden. To assess cardiovascular risk awareness among Italian women. Following World Heart Day 2023, a cardiovascular prevention campaign was conducted in Italian pharmacies to evaluate the effectiveness of screening activities offered by pharmacies and raise awareness of cardiovascular health status among Italian women. Cardiovascular risk profile and perception of CVD burden relative to other common female-specific diseases were assessed. Blood pressure (BP) measurement and ECG recording were performed. A total of 1510 women (84.7% < 70 years), enrolled at 91 pharmacies, were included. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor was sedentary lifestyle (57.9%), followed by overweight/obesity (44.3%), hypercholesterolemia (37.9%), hypertension (31.3%), family history of early CVD (28.7%), smoking (20.6%), and diabetes (5%). CVD and/or kidney disease were uncommon (3.6%), but 1 in 4 women was classified as being at increased cardiovascular risk, and 47.5% had some type of ECG abnormalities, requiring further assessments in 18% cases. Less than 1 in 3 women was aware of the burden represented by CVD, being the majority mostly concerned with breast cancer and osteoporosis as potential health threats. The burden of cardiovascular risk factors is high, and the perception of related health threat is low among the examined sample of Italian women, supporting the urgent need to raise awareness of CVD in women as a major health issue and to undertake effective, tailored preventive strategies to reduce such risk in a timely fashion.

Association between weekend catch-up sleep and hypertension of the United States population from 2017 to 2020: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular risk factor that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies have highlighted the role of inadequate sleep during weekdays in the development of hypertension. However, the potential mitigative effects of weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) on hypertension have been less explored.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020, focusing on American adults. We assessed the association between WCS (defined as the difference in sleep duration between weekend and weekday) and the presence of hypertension. Participants were classified into two groups based on their WCS duration: none (below 1 hours), yes (over 1 hours). Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders such as age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle factors were utilized to explore this association. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was employed to generate smooth curves for a nuanced analysis of the nonlinear relationship.ResultsThe findings indicated that moderate WCS (less than 4 hours) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypertension, while excessive WCS (greater than 4 hours) showed no significant protective benefits. ConclusionModerate weekend catch-up sleep could serve as an effective intervention to mitigate hypertension risk, especially in populations with restricted weekday sleep. These results suggest the potential for integrating sleep management strategies into public health recommendations to address hypertension. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and clarify the mechanisms underlying the relationship between WCS and hypertension risk.

A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating gender differences in in-hospital, short-term and long-term outcomes among patients who underwent primary PCI.

To assess how gender disparities impact major adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization, as well as in the short and long term, among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction who undergo primary PCI. PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane database were searched for relevant studies. Studies were included if all comers with STEMI, reported gender specific patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using random effect model. A total of 23 studies were included for the pooled meta-analysis. Average age of female at presentation was 68.61±3.91 years while in male was 60.83±2.48 years. In unadjusted analysis, female patients were at higher risk for mortality (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.71-2.30, P<0.0001, I2=35%) at hospitalization, (OR=2.25, 95% CI=1.75-2.88, P≤0.00001) at short term and (OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.41-2.21, P<0.000, I2=68%) at long term. The adjusted analysis of major adverse cardiovascular events for short term (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.91-1.31, P=0.37, I2=76%) and long term (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.12, P=0.17, I2=37%) were not found significant between both genders. However, it remained significant during hospitalization (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.22, I2=15%, Tau2=0.00). The findings of this comprehensive meta-analysis indicate higher major adverse cardiac events among women with STEMI who underwent PPCI. After adjusting for comorbidities, the difference between women and men showed insignificant at short term and long term but remained significant at in-hospital. Female patients exhibited a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors than men. Implementing intensive cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in women may offer a pathway to address this gender disparity.

Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in persons with venous thromboembolism aged fifty years or younger

Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in persons with venous thromboembolism aged fifty years or younger

Evaluation of novel cardiovascular risk calculators in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Background Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher cardiovascular risk (CVR) compared to the general population contributing to a decreased life expectancy. Systematic and periodic assessment of CVR is recommended in all patients with RA. The newly developed PREVENTTM calculator was designed to estimate the absolute risk of cardiovascular disease and provides an estimate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the new PREVENTTM algorithm to identify CP in RA patients without prior CVD and to compare these results with other CVR algorithms. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study that included patients with RA aged 40 to 79 who fulfilled the 2010 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria for RA. Patients with previous CVD, pregnancy, or overlap syndrome were excluded. A B-mode carotid ultrasound was performed on all patients. The presence of CP was defined as diffuse carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ³1.2 mm or focal thickness ³0.5 mm. The CVR was evaluated using Globorisk, HEARTS, QRISK3, ERS-RA, SCORE2, and PREVENTTM algorithms. The result was multiplied by 1.5 in algorithms where RA is not included as a variable, according to EULAR 2015/2016 recommendations. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the different CVR algorithms' performance to identify CP. Youden index was calculated to select the optimum cutoff point and posteriorly calculate sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. A p-value of £0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 29.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 261 patients with RA were included, mostly women (n=244, 93.5%), with a mean age of 56±9.3 years, and a median disease duration of 7.7 (3.0-14.7) years. Dyslipidemia was the most prevalent CVR factor (n=104, 39.8%). The prevalence of CP was 38.0%. According to the ROC curves, the Globorisk, HEARTS, and QRISK3 algorithms showed a higher area under the curve (AUC) than the other algorithms. The HEARTS and QRISK3 algorithms showed the highest positive likelihood ratios, showing rates of 1.87 and 1.84, respectively, to identify RA patients with CP (Figure 1). Conclusion Our study showed that Globorisk, HEARTS, and QRISK3 calculators presented the best diagnostic accuracy to detect CP in patients with RA. The novel CVR calculator PREVENTTM did not show better performance than older calculators in our population. Imaging studies evaluating coronary artery calcium and CP may offer better alternatives in high-risk populations like patients with RA.

Duration of exposure to night work and cardiovascular risk factors: results from 52,234 workers of the CONSTANCES study

BackgroundThe cardiovascular consequences of night work are increasingly well-known. Implementing effective preventive strategies, however, requires further investigation of the effects of exposure duration. This study sought to assess the cumulative dose–effect of night work exposure on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among current and former night workers in France.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from the CONSTANCES cohort to design analyses on 52,234 workers exposed or not exposed to night work during their working life. The cumulative duration of night work exposure was assessed among permanent, rotating and former night workers. BMI, blood pressure, lipids, glycaemia and SCORE2 were measured in health screening centres.ResultsExcess risks of moderate-high SCORE2 were observed for permanent (+ 43%), rotating (+ 72%) and former night workers (+ 101%). Among male permanent night workers, excess risks for obesity (+ 76%) and central obesity (64%) were recorded at five years of exposure and for T2DM (+ 119%) at 10 years of exposure. Male rotating night workers showed excess risks at five years of exposure for obesity/central obesity (about + 45%) and high triglyceridaemia (+ 52%). Female former night workers were at excess risk at five years of exposure for obesity/central obesity (about + 45%), HBP (+ 34%) and low-HDL-C (+ 35%).ConclusionsThe effects on cardiovascular risk factors varied according to the types of night work and within sex groups. Some effects were observed after five years of exposure. These results support the need for early and appropriate monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors among current and former night workers.Graphical

P0325 Is the augmentation index a good marker of cardiovascular risk in Crohn’s disease?

Abstract Background The axiom which defines that the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is by definition correlated with the risk of cardiovascular events does not seem to apply to subjects with IBD, according to several studies which have reported that the prevalence of classic cardiovascular risk factors is lower in subjects with IBD than in the general population. This leads us to look for other markers to identify this risk at an early stage. The Augmentation index (Aix) is one such marker, based on the reflection of the pulse wave in the blood, and is a recognised measure of arterial stiffness and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 107 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) diagnosed on the basis of clinical, endoscopic, morphological and histological criteria. Classical cardiovascular risk factors were analysed, as well as data concerning CD: duration, location, phenotype, clinical relapse, extradigestive manifestations, ano-perineal lesions (APL) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The augmentation index (Aix) was assessed using the SphygmoCor-XCEL Sydney. The Chi2 test was used for qualitative variables and the Kruskal Wallis test for quantitative variables. The informed consent of all patients was obtained. Results 57.9% were men, mean age was 36.9 ± 11.7 years, 5.6% of patients had coronary heredity, 11.2% hypertensive, mean systolic blood pressure: 120.1 ± 12.7 mm/hg, mean diastolic blood pressure: 74.4 ± 8.1 mm/hg, pulse pressure: 45.7 ±9.3 mm/hg, AIx was positive in 31.8% of patients, 7.5% of women were postmenopausal, mean BMI was 22 ± 5.91 Kg/m2, 9.3% were obese, 11.2% were sedentary, 20.6% were active smokers, only two patients were diabetic. 57.9% had dyslipidaemia, and 13.1% had a low cardiovascular risk according to the Framingham score. 74% had an ileal location, 6.8% colonic and 19.2% ileocolic, 19.8% had an inflammatory form, 43,4% stenosing and 36,8% penetrating, 25.5% with ano-perineal lesions, 31.4% had an extradigestive manifestation, 59.4% of patients were in clinical relapse, 47.2% of whom had a CRP &amp;gt; 6mg/l, 38% of subjects had had at least one relapse in the year prior to recruitment, and the mean duration of the disease was 57.3 ± 57 months. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between AIx and clinical relapse (p=0.03), disease duration (p=0.008), and no significant association with phenotype, location, APL, extradigestive manifestations and CRP (p&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that the augmentation index could be a good tool for detecting subclinical cardiovascular damage in Crohn’s disease. Clinical relapse and the duration of the disease would be two predominant factors in the increase in this index

P0468 Prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in Crohn’s disease

Abstract Background Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory bowl disease (IBD) has only recently been described, whereas the increased risk of venous thromboembolic events in IBD was identified long before. An excess risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke of around 20% has already been demonstrated. Are traditional cardiovascular risk factors the best way of assessing this excess risk? Our aim is to determine the frequency of traditional risk factors in Crohn’s disease Methods This was a prospective observational study involving 118 patients with CD. All patients were thoroughly interviewed, and screened for arterial hypertension by self-measurement validated by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin and lipid profiles, the rest of the factors were gathered through questioning. The data collected was entered and analysed using EPIINFOV and SPSS statistical software. Results There were 70 men (59.3%) and 48 women (40.7%) with a sex ratio of 1.46. The mean age was 36. 49 +/- 11.62 with a median of 34 years and extremes of 19 and 67 years, There were only five subjects whose age represented a risk factor - two men and three women In our population, the family history of cardiovascular disease was 10.2%, smoking as a cardiovascular risk factor was present in 28% of patients, arterial hypertension was present in only 10.2% of patients, with a non-significant female predominance with a p = 0.06, In our series there were only two type 2 diabetic patients on metformin, Only 11.9% of our subjects were sedentary. In our female population, 16.7% were postmenopausal for more than ten years, 57.6% of our patients had dyslipidaemia (according to ESC 2017), the cardiovascular risk was low in the majority of our patients at 88.1% according to the Framingham score. The prevalence of traditional risk factors in our population is low. This result is consistent with those in the literature, which may be due to the specific features of Crohn’s disease, such as weight loss or hypovolaemia during flare-ups, but also to the fact that our population is young? Conclusion The low frequency of traditional cardiovascular risk factors does not explain the increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease found in Crohn’s disease. The study of non-traditional risk factors is imperative and could explain this paradox.

Cardiovascular health in breast cancer patients: insight on BRCA1/2 mutations impact

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are prevalent comorbidities in aging populations. Advances in BC treatment have improved survival rates but increased the risk of CVD, particularly among younger patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. BRCA1/2 gene mutations, prevalent in younger BC patients, impair cardioprotective effects, elevating CVD risk alongside cancer treatments. This study examined the prevalence and incidence of CVD and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) before and after BC diagnosis in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (BRCA-BC) and those with sporadic BC (Sporadic-BC).MethodsThis descriptive retrospective cohort study analyzed BC patients from 1995 to 2020 in Stockholm-Gotland, Sweden. Data from regional and national registries provided insights into CVRFs, pre-existing CVDs, demographics, and cancer treatments. Analyses focused on single and multiple CVD events, comparing inpatient and outpatient settings across subgroups.ResultsThe cohort included 438 BRCA-BC and 32,626 Sporadic-BC patients. BRCA-BC patients were younger at BC diagnosis (median: 45 years, IQR 37–53) and first CVD event (median: 62 years, IQR 53–68) compared to Sporadic-BC patients (median: 61 years, IQR 51–71; and 74 years, IQR 65–81, respectively). Before BC diagnosis, CVD prevalence was lower in BRCA-BC patients (4.2%) than in Sporadic-BC patients (11.1%). Post-diagnosis, CVD prevalence increased in both groups, reaching 19.7% in BRCA-BC and 24.6% in Sporadic-BC patients. Heart failure (HF) was the most common major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), affecting 4.6% of BRCA-BC and 9.5% of Sporadic-BC patients. Sporadic-BC patients exhibited a higher overall cardiovascular burden, including arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, and stroke.ConclusionsDistinct cardiovascular profiles between BRCA-BC and Sporadic-BC patients underscore the need for tailored survivorship care. Early cardiovascular screening benefits BRCA-BC patients, while Sporadic-BC patients require comprehensive management of pre-existing CVRFs. These findings align with international cardio-oncology guidelines advocating integrated cardiovascular care for BC survivors.

The Use of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1RA in Frail Older People with Diabetes: A Personalised Approach Is Required.

Background: Frailty is an increasingly recognised complication of diabetes in older people and should be taken into consideration in management plans, including the use of the new therapies of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). The frailty syndrome appears to span across a spectrum, from a sarcopenic obese phenotype at one end, characterised by obesity, insulin resistance, and prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, to an anorexic malnourished phenotype at the other end, characterised by significant weight loss, reduced insulin resistance, and less prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the use of the new therapies may not be suitable for every frail older individual with diabetes. Objectives: To review the characteristics and phenotype of frail older people with diabetes who should benefit from the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors or GLP-1RA. Methods: A narrative review of the studies investigating the benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1RA in frail older people with diabetes. Results: The current evidence is indirect, and the literature suggests that the new therapies are effective in frail older people with diabetes and the benefit appears to be proportional with the severity of frailty. However, frail patients described in the literature who benefited from such therapy appeared to be either overweight or obese, and to have a higher prevalence of unfavourable metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidaemia, gout, and hypertension compared to non-frail subjects. They also have a higher prevalence of established cardiovascular disease compared with non-frail individuals. In absolute terms, their higher cardiovascular baseline risk meant that they benefited the most from such therapy. The characteristics of this group of frail patients fulfil the criteria of the sarcopenic obese frailty phenotype, which is likely to benefit most from the new therapies due to the unfavourable metabolic profile of this phenotype. There is no current evidence to suggest the benefit of the new therapies in the anorexic malnourished phenotype, which is underrepresented or totally excluded from these studies, such as in patients living in care homes. This phenotype is likely to be intolerant to such therapy due to its associated risk of inducing further weight loss, dehydration, and hypotension. Conclusions: Clinicians should consider the early use of the new therapies in frail older people with diabetes who are either of normal weight, overweight, or obese with prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, and avoid their use in those frail subjects who ae underweight, anorexic, and malnourished.

Prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in psoriatic arthritis: relationship to clinical phenotype and treatment in a real-life study.

The relationship between the phenotype and treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the increased prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities is not well studied. To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in relation to the clinical phenotype and treatment of PsA. This was a cross-sectional, real-life study. Demographic and clinical data were recorded in patients with PsA. The relationships between clinical phenotypes (axial, oligoarthritis, polyarthritis, and mixed), cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment were analyzed. Among the 267 patients studied, no differences were found between the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors or comorbidities in relation to the clinical phenotypes of PsA. However, patients with oligoarthritis had hypertension more frequently (38.8% vs 22.0%, p=0.011). Patients with any cardiovascular disease were more often under current treatment with glucocorticosteroids (17.9% vs 4.8%, p=0.001) as well as exposed to them in the past (22.6% vs 13.%, p=0.02). 83.3% of patients with ongoing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had heart failure compared to patients without heart failure among whom 35.3% were currently taking NSAIDs (p=0.03). 15.4% of patients had diagnosed dyslipidemia but LDL level greater than 3.0 mmol/l was detected in 36.6% of patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the current use of glucocorticosteroids and oligoarthritis as predictive factors for cardiovascular comorbidities. The use of glucocorticoids and NSAIDs is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with PsA and should be avoided. Oligoarthritis and the current use of glucocorticosteroids are predictors of cardiovascular comorbidities. Hyperlipidemia remains underrecognized in patients with PsA within a real-world context.

A digital tool for self-reporting cardiovascular risk factors: The RADICAL study.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk stratification and early interventions are essential to overcome this reality. The RADICAL Study ( R isk A ssessment via D igital I nput for C ardiovascular A nd L ifestyle Factors) aimed to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular risk factors in individuals without known cardiovascular disease using a digital tool. A digital self-reported cardiovascular risk stratification tool, comprising 23 questions about classical and lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors, was completed by 4149 individuals aged 40-69 years (median age 53.0 [47.0; 60.0] years; 78% women). Among the cardiovascular risk factors, 40.9% reported hypercholesterolemia, 26.8% hypertension, 17.3% smoking, 5.8% diabetes, 58.4% physical inactivity, 19.4% obesity, 33.7% sleep less than 7h/night, and 12.1% had composite dietary risk factors. Most of the participants (89.9%) referred having at least one of the eight cardiovascular risk factors. Women had 27% higher odds of having at least one cardiovascular risk factor compared to men (OR=1.27, 95% CI [1.00, 1.60]). Participants aged 50-59 years also had higher odds of having at least one CV risk factor compared to those aged 40-49 years (OR=1.35, 95% CI [1.07, 1.70]). The RADICAL Study reveals a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adults without known cardiovascular disease. Beyond the relevance of traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, the results regarding physical activity, dietary and sleeping habits are concerning. A self-reported cardiovascular risk identification digital tool could be feasible and help to improve cardiovascular prevention.

Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors according to Life's Essential 8 in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 1 526 173 participants from 42 countries.

Cardiovascular health is a crucial aspect of overall health. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the Life's Essential 8 domains. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched until 24 February 2023. Studies had to meet the following criteria: (1) observational studies, (2) studies reporting proportion of selected risk factors, (3) studies involving children or adolescents, (4) studies that collected data during the COVID-19 pandemic and (5) studies with representative samples. The outcomes included were diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and elevated blood pressure. Sixty-two studies with 1 526 173 participants from 42 countries were included. Of these, 41 studies were used in the meta-analyses. The overall pooled prevalence of risk factors in the behavioural domain was as follows: poor quality diet 26.69% (95% CI 0.00%-85.64%), inadequate physical activity 70.81% (95% CI 64.41%-76.83%), nicotine exposure 9.24% (95% CI 5.53%-13.77%) and sleep disorders 33.49% (95% CI 25.24%-42.28%). The overall pooled prevalence of risk factors in the health domain was as follows: obesity 16.21% (95% CI 12.71%-20.04%), dyslipidaemia 1.87% (95% CI 1.73%-2.01%), diabetes 1.17% (95% CI 0.83%-1.58%) and elevated blood pressure 11.87% (95% CI 0.26%-36.50%). These results highlight the need for prevention strategies to maintain better cardiovascular health from an early age, particularly by increasing physical activity levels, sleep time and promoting the consumption of more fruits and vegetables.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Genetic Risk in Transthyretin V142I Carriers.

Nearly 3% to 4% of Black individuals in the United States carry the transthyretin V142I variant, which increases their risk of heart failure. However, the role of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) in influencing the risk of clinical outcomes among V142I variant carriers is unknown. This study aimed to assess the impact of CV RFs on the risk of heart failure in V142I carriers. This study included self-identified Black individuals without prevalent heart failure from 6 TOPMed (Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine) cohorts, the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke) study, and the All of Us Research Program. The cohort was stratified based on the V142I genotype and the number of CV RFs (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia). Adjusted Cox models were used to assess the association of heart failure with the V142I genotype and CV RF profile, taking noncarriers with a favorable CV RF profile as reference. The cross-sectional analysis, including 1,625 V142I carriers among 48,365 Black individuals, found that the prevalence of CV RFs did not vary by V142I carrier status. In the longitudinal analysis, there were 587 (3.2%) V142I carriers among 18,407 Black individuals (median age: 60 years [Q1-Q3: 52-68 years], 63.0% female). Among carriers, the heart failure risk was attenuated with a favorable (0 or 1 RF) CV RF profile (adjusted HR: 2.26; 95%CI: 1.58-3.23) compared with an unfavorable (3 or 4 RFs) CV RF profile (adjusted HR: 4.14; 95%CI: 2.79-6.14). A favorable CV RF profile lowers but does not abrogate V142I variant-associated heart failure risk. This study highlights the importance of having a favorable CV RF profile among V142I carriers for risk reduction of heart failure.

Impact of menopausal status and menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular risk factor prevalence in a large French urban population: The CARVAR 92 study

Impact of menopausal status and menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular risk factor prevalence in a large French urban population: The CARVAR 92 study

Physical activity in kidney transplant recipients: benefits, barriers, interventions

Kidney transplant recipients are reported to have low levels of physical activity compared to the general population. This population is burdened by high prevalence of both traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Physical activity has multiple known health benefits, including reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors, which are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in this group. Sedentary lifestyle has been associated with poorer long-term graft outcomes and inferior quality of life. Lack of specific guidelines regarding exercise post-transplantation has been cited as one of the barriers to physical activity, alongside comorbidities and immunosuppressive drugs’ side effects. Exercise interventions, leading to improved physical functioning both pre- and post-transplant, have been demonstrated to lead to improved muscle strength, overall physical functioning, as well as cardiorespiratory performance. Currently available data on physical activity in kidney transplant recipients and its role in long term management of these patients remains limited, but promising results regarding its impact on long-term outcomes highlight the need for further research and development of more precise guidelines and educational programmes for both healthcare professionals and kidney transplant recipients.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Latino Migrant Seasonal Farmworkers: A Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Existing literature concludes that Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers endure higher rates of health disparities and chronic diseases than the general population. However, research on this population's cardiovascular disease risk factors is scarce, particularly studies comparing males and females. Methods: A meta-analysis of prevalence was utilized to examine whether male or female Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. An extensive literature search yielded over 82,000 potentially pertinent articles, of which 17 were relevant and included in the analysis. Results: The prevalence rates of high cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and overweight/obesity for female Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers were 1%-54% (95% CI: 0.04-0.15), 2%-57% (95% CI: 0.08-0.21), 3%-54% (95% CI: 0.10-0.22), and 1%-100% (95% CI: 0.26-0.84), respectively, and 5%-42% (95% CI: 0.12-0.23), 1%-63% (95% CI: 0.07-0.21), 4%-68% (95% CI: 0.15-0.31), and 1%-99% (95% CI: 0.29-0.81), respectively, for males. Conclusion: Male Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension versus females, and females have higher rates of high cholesterol versus males. However, there is a 1% prevalence difference of overweight/obesity between female and male Latino migrant seasonal farmworkers.

ST‐ Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction after Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case Report

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of maternal death in developed countries, accounting for 20% of cardiovascular deaths [1]. The incidence is expected to continue to rise, due to the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in pregnant women. Associated mortality is 5% in the pregnant population [2]. We present a particular case of a young woman presenting with ACS post partum from an ectopic pregnancy complicated by deep left ventricular dysfunction with a healthy coronary artery, in whom the diagnosis of Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy is also discussed.

P100 A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of comorbidity amongst people with palmoplantar pustulosis

Abstract The treatment landscape for psoriasis vulgaris has been transformed by the introduction of targeted biologic therapies, but these treatments show limited efficacy in palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP). Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapeutic option in PPP, but have an evolving side-effect profile, particularly relating to cardiovascular disease and malignancy. PPP is closely associated with smoking, but the wider comorbidity burden is poorly described. The objective of this study was to quantify the prevalence of comorbidities, including cardiovascular risk factors and malignancy, in individuals with PPP (PROSPERO: CRD42024508151). A systematic search of six databases (Embase, Ovid, Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Cinahl) was conducted on 29 July 2024. For the systematic review, studies reporting the prevalence of the relevant comorbidities in adults (≥18 years) with PPP were included. No publication date or language restrictions were applied. Conference abstracts, review articles, and case reports were excluded. Records were screened and data extracted by at least two reviewers independently. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. To determine the prevalence of comorbidities in our at-risk PPP population, following quality assessment, we meta-analysed studies conducted in a specialist setting. Population-based studies based on coding and claims databases were excluded. This approach aimed to ensure the inclusion of comparable, tightly-phenotyped populations likely to be considered for JAK inhibitor treatment. Prevalence estimates for comorbidities were pooled using a random-effects model and presented with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Of 23 727 references identified, 86 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, comprising 72 studies conducted in a specialist setting and 14 population-based database studies. Quality assessment identified that only 33/86 (38.4%) studies specified the diagnostic criteria for comorbidities. Following quality assessment, 57 studies were included the meta-analysis. Psoriasis vulgaris [prevalence, 24.4% (95% CI: 18.1–30.6%)] and psoriatic arthritis [19.7% (95% CI: 15.5–24.0)] were common. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were smoking [78.2% (95% CI: 73.6–82.6%)], hypertension [28.6% (95% CI: 24.4–32.8%)], hyperlipidaemia [28.3% (95% CI: 22.3–34.3%)], and obesity [25.2% (95% CI: 17.7–32.7%)]. The prevalence of major adverse cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction/stroke/transient ischaemic attack) and malignancy were 6.9% (95% CI: 3.8–9.9%) and 6.9% (95% CI: 2.6–11.2%), respectively. High heterogeneity was apparent between studies, a common finding in meta-analyses of prevalence. This systematic review and meta-analysis of people with PPP highlights a high prevalence of smoking and cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings underscore the importance of screening for comorbidities to guide treatment decision-making with novel therapeutic agents, such as JAK inhibitors.

Understanding Cardiovascular Health and Lifestyle Choices Among Healthcare Professionals in Medically Underserved Regions in Illinois.

This study assesses the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, and stress, as related to healthy lifestyle behaviors among healthcare professionals (HCPs), including medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists, and radiologists, in medically underserved regions (MURs). Using a cross-sectional study design, an online survey was administered to HCPs in MURs of West Central Illinois. A total of 316 HCPs completed the survey. The study population was predominantly White, female, and aged 55 or older. The findings of this research imply that HCPs in medically underserved regions (MURs) with high cholesterol generally do not engage in physical activity. The study showed a correlation between HCP age, high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol, implying that as HCPs age like every other individual, the likelihood of developing these conditions increases. This study emphasizes the role of time constraints and a lack of motivation in limiting HCPs' participation in physical activity in rural areas. Additionally, the study suggests that inadequate access to nutritious food and exercise facilities in rural regions contributes to lower rates of healthy eating and physical activity. Findings demonstrate how essential it is for healthcare professionals to remain vigilant about cardiovascular disease risk factors.