Prevalence Of Stress Urinary Incontinence Research Articles

Relationship Between Blood Glucose Level and Prevalence and Frequency of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between blood glucose level and the prevalence and frequency of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of female participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database between 2007 and 2016. Dose-response analysis curves and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine the relationship between blood glucose level and the prevalence and frequency of SUI.ResultsA total of 10,771 participants were included in this study, of which 6,466 (60.0%) reported no SUI, 4,305 (31.1%) reported monthly SUI, and 953 (8.8%) reported weekly SUI. We found that the blood glucose levels were higher in the weekly SUI group than in the monthly SUI and no SUI groups. Based on blood glucose levels, participants were divided into 3 groups: ≤86.0 mg/dL group, >86.0 to 98.0 mg/dL group, and >98.0 mg/dL group. Dose-response curves showed a nonlinear positive correlation between blood glucose levels and the prevalence and extent of SUI, and participants in the glucose >98.0 mg/dL group had a 15.2% higher risk (adjusted odds risk, 1.152; 95% confidence interval, 1.027–1.293; P = 0.016) of SUI prevalence and 12.5% higher risk (adjusted odds risk 1.125; 95% confidence interval, 1.009–1.255; P = 0.034) of SUI frequency than participants in the glucose ≤86.0 mg/dL group.ConclusionsWe found that the prevalence and frequency of SUI in women were positively correlated with blood glucose levels, and these findings warrant further study and application to clinical practice to control SUI in women.

Development of primary design guidelines for supportive underwear to elevate the bladder neck in women based on finite element analysis of the pelvis

The use of supportive underwear has been applied for preventing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) which is caused by descent of the bladder neck due to weakness in the pelvic floor muscles, because it is known that SUI can be improved by elevating the descended bladder neck. However, appropriate approaches to the underwear design are still being explored. In order to establish an appropriate first-order design strategy for supportive underwear, clarifying the relationship between the pressure from the underwear and the amount of elevation of the bladder neck is necessary. We constructed a finite element model of the pelvis based on magnetic resonance images of a subject in an upright position, experimentally explored Young's modulus of the soft tissue and analyzed the amount of elevation of the bladder neck when changing the combination of applied pressures from the underwear. The position of the bladder neck relatively elevated when the pressure in the region from the abdomen to the pubis decreased and when the pressure in the region from the perineum to the coccyx increased, suggesting an appropriate design for the supportive underwear.

Stress Urinary Incontinence Among Young Nulliparous Female Athletes.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is described as unintentional voiding of urine that is usually seen in post-partum and post-menopausal women due to the weakening of pelvic floor muscles (PFM). Recent studies have shown an increase in the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among young nulliparous female athletes. The association between UI and high-impact physical activity is due to increased intra-abdominal pressure during high-impact sports exceeding intra-urethral pressure. Usually, the levator ani muscle (LAM) helps in urethral closure. However, weakening or injury of LAM can reduce the pelvic support and cause UI in young female athletes. This study aims to assess the prevalence of SUI among young nulliparous athletes and also explore the association between SUI and athletic sports in young females. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar as databases to find specific articles about the topic. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 52 articles were selected for this review. It is found that there is an increased UI prevalence, mainly SUI, among young nulliparous female athletes, especially in volleyball players and long-distance runners. Nulliparous athletes involved in high-impact exercises were found to have an increased cross-sectional area of LAM and puborectalis muscle width. SUI is usually under-reported and underdiagnosed due to lack of knowledge and unawareness, which can negatively affect the personal and social life of young females. PFM training is considered the first line of therapy among nulliparous athletes. However, it is unclear whether the high-impact effects of sports cause UI through PFM fatigue or PFM damage. More research is needed to better understand this effect.

Does prenatal pelvic floor muscle training help to prevent stress urinary incontinence in late pregnancy, postpartum, and interpregnancy period?

Does prenatal pelvic floor muscle training help to prevent stress urinary incontinence in late pregnancy, postpartum, and interpregnancy period?

The Prevalence and Association of Stress Urinary Incontinence, Core Muscle Endurance, and Low Back Pain among Married Women in Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study

Purpose There may be a strong association among stress urinary incontinence (SUI), low back pain (LBP), and core muscle endurance (CME) in married women. This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence and clinical association between SUI, CME, and LBP among married women in Saudi Arabia. Methods The study was based on a case-control research design, conducted among 143 women with LBP (mean age, 32 ± 7.4 years) and 160 healthy women (mean age, 31.7 ± 6.7 years). SUI, CME, and functional disability were assessed using the international consultation on the Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), prone plank test (PP), and Oswestry Disability Index for LBP-United Arab Emirates edition (ODI-UAE). Results The prevalence of SUI was found to be 60% in the LBP group while 20% in the control group. CME revealed a stronger negative correlation with SUI in the LBP group (rs = −0.75) than in the control group (rs = −0.63). Conclusions The prevalence of SUI was observed higher in women with LBP than healthy women. CME exhibited a stronger association with SUI than LBP among women with LBP compared to healthy women in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the role of CME in SUI development or vice versa among married women with LBP may be subjected to further research.

Epidemiological investigation of urinary incontinence in peri- and postpartum women from Nanjing, China.

We aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) during the peri- and postpartum period in women from Nanjing, China, and estimate its risk factors. From January to December 2018, a total of 6500 postpartum women were enrolled and asked to complete the questionnaires. Of these, 6370 (98%) women returned the questionnaires with valid responses. Additional data were collected, including age, height, weight, gestation time and parity, and neonatal weight. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form was used. Surface electromyography (sEMG) and a biofeedback training system were used as a testing platform, and PESEMG values were obtained. The prevalence of UI during pregnancy and at 6 weeks postpartum in women was 29.76% and 12.50%, respectively. The prevalence of stress UI (SUI), urge UI (UUI), mixed UI (MUI), and other types of UI that developed during pregnancy was 25.48%, 1.66%, 1.65%, and 0.97%, respectively. The prevalence of SUI, UUI, MUI, and other types of UI at 6 weeks postpartum was 8.49%, 2.07%, 1.16%, and 0.77%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that advanced age, greater postpartum body mass index (BMI), macrosomia, multiparity, and vaginal delivery were risk factors of postpartum UI. Women with mild degree of UI in pregnancy, those who had undergone cesarean section, and those without UI before pregnancy were relieved from UI at 6 weeks postpartum. The rate of UI in peri- and postpartum women from Nanjing is consistent across China. The most common type of UI was SUI, with many risk factors affecting its occurrence. Advanced age, greater postpartum BMI, multiparity, macrosomia, and vaginal delivery might be the main risk factors of UI in postpartum women.

The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence among elite female rugby union players in Australia

The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence among elite female rugby union players in Australia

Stress urinary incontinence among Jordanian women living in rural areas: Prevalence, associated factors and self-management behaviours

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among Jordanian women aged 35–65 years living in in rural areas and its associated risk factors. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study utilising a convenience sample of 1000 non-pregnant women who were recruited from healthcare centres and community settings. Participants completed a structured questionnaire that included demographic and gynaecological data, and questions about SUI. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Results: Overall, 551 women (55.1%) reported having SUI with a duration of 37.9–47.6 months. The mean age of the women was 45.38 years and 29.6% were post-menopausal. Moreover, 40.6% were overweight, 38.9% obese, and 16.9% were smokers. Married women comprised 81.8%; with 37.1% having four to six children and 92.8% had a normal delivery, whereas 28% had a history of caesarean section. Coughing was the major precipitating factor for SUI (87.7%). In addition, 64.8% of women with SUI did not avoid activities that precipitated SUI such as housekeeping and lifting, and 78.6% did not seek any medical care. The major significant correlates for SUI were: high body mass index (odds ratio [OR] 2.506, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.744–3.600, P < 0.001), being aged >50 years (OR 1.716, 95% CI 1.183–2.489, P = 0.004), a history of gynaecological/pelvic surgery (OR 1.631, 95% CI 1.206–2.205, P = 0.001), and vaginal delivery (OR 1.052, 95% CI 1.004–1.101, P = 0.033). Conclusion: SUI prevalence among Jordanian women is high with symptoms reported in more than a half of study participants. Older age, obesity, a history of gynaecological surgery, and history of vaginal delivery were the major correlates of SUI. Public awareness is needed to identify the condition for early diagnosis and treatment of SUI.

Prevalence of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women from a Rural Community in the Brazilian Amazon

Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence affects a significant number of women and causes great loss of Quality of Life (QoL). Its prevalence varies from 15 to 41.5%. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) in women living in a rural community in Amapá, the main risk factors and quality of life assessment using a standardized questionnaire. Methodology: A screening questionnaire was applied to 235 women residing in Igarapé da Fortaleza, in the city of Macapá, in 2015. Patients with SUI complaints were submitted to the King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ) questionnaire. For statistical processing, BioEstat software version 5.3 was used. Results: The prevalence of SUI was 28.9% (68 women). A significant age difference was found between women with SUI (44.2) and without SUI (37.9 ± 12.5 years). Childbirth, birth interval, smoking and Body Mass Index (BMI) showed to be statistically significant differences between groups. Variables such as number of deliveries, birth weight, menopause, education and race did not express a real difference. Conclusion: The prevalence of SUI was 28.9%. There was a significant difference in the group with SUI in terms of age, smoking, parity, interval between births and BMI. In assessing QoL in patients with SUI using KHQ, we found the worst results in general health perception, impact of incontinence, personal relationships, sleep/mood and severity of symptoms.

A retrospective study of risk factors for stress urinary incontinence 1year after delivery in multiparous women.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common postpartum disorder. In this study, we aim to identify the risk factors for SUI in multiparous women 1year after delivery. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in multiparous women who gave birth from January 2016 to March 2018 in Peking University Third Hospital. We interviewed all of the participants with the help of The International Consultation on Incontinence questionnaire short form (ICI-Q-SF) 1year after delivery by telephone to identify symptoms of SUI. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to assess the potential risk factors of SUI. A decision tree was used to assess the prevalence of SUI in the different subgroups. A total of 172 multiparous women were recruited. The prevalence of SUI was 30.2% (52/172) 1year after delivery. In univariate analysis, maternal age ≥ 35 years, SUI after the first delivery, GDM and birth exclusively by vaginal delivery increased the risk for SUI 1year after delivery. Multivariate analysis indicated that SUI after the first delivery (OR: 3.937, 95% CI: 1.764-8.787), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR: 3.754, 95% CI: 1.599-8.810) and age ≥ 35 years (OR: 2.964, 95% CI: 1.208-7.274) were independent risk factors for SUI 1year after delivery. A decision tree showed that participants who had SUI after the first delivery and patients with GDM were more likely to have SUI than patients without GDM (73.3% vs. 50%). For multiparous women, SUI after the first delivery, GDM and age ≥ 35 years increase the risk of SUI 1year after delivery.

Epidemiological survey of adult female stress urinary incontinence

BackgroundThe prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in adult female in Taiyuan and what are the related risk factors are not clear. The aim of this study was to provide a basis for exploring the prevention and treatment of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan.MethodsA voluntary online questionnaire was used to investigate adult female in the community and surrounding townships of Taiyuan. Most of the questionnaires refer to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, and adapt to the specific circumstances of the region. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0).ResultsA total of 4004 eligible questionnaires were obtained. The prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was 33.5%. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that place of residence, smoking, body mass index, diet, number of deliveries, mode of delivery, dystocia, menopause, oral contraceptives, urinary tract infection, making the bladder empty faster by pushing down and holding urine were risk factors for adult female stress urinary incontinence in Taiyuan.ConclusionThe prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was high, and based on risk factors identified in this survey, population-level intervention strategies should be developed for the prevention and treatment of adult female SUI in Taiyuan.

Association between pelvic floor disorders and hernias.

Connective tissue disorders may contribute to pelvic floor disorders (PFDs). Like PFDs, abdominal wall hernias are more common in patients with systemic connective tissue disorders. We conducted this study to explore the possible association between PFDs and hernias in adult women. We obtained the data for this study from a study of PFDs among parous women. At enrollment, stress urinary incontinence (SUI), overactive bladder (OAB), and anal incontinence (AI) were assessed using the Epidemiology of Prolapse and Incontinence Questionnaire (EPIQ) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) was assessed through the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) examination. Participants were asked to report hernia surgery and list their hernia types. We compared the prevalence of PFDs in those with and without hernias using chi-square test. We used multiple regression analysis to adjust for obstetric and sociodemographic variables. Among 1529 women, 79 (5.2%) reported history of hernia surgery. The prevalence of POP was 7.6% (6 cases) vs. 7.4% (107 cases), the prevalence of SUI was 7.6% (6 cases) vs. 9.9% (144 cases), the prevalence of OAB was 7.6% (6 cases) vs. 5.7% (83 cases), and the prevalence of AI was 7.6% (6 cases) vs. 10.8% (156 cases) in those with hernias compared to those without hernias, respectively. None of these differences were statistically significant. There was no association between hernias and PFDs after adjustment for type of delivery, number of deliveries, age group, primary racial background, weight category, and smoking status. In this study, we could not find any association between hernias and PFDs.

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence among a Nationally Representative Sample of Women, 2005-2016: Findings from the Urologic Diseases in America Project.

Urinary incontinence is frequently underreported and underdiagnosed in the clinical setting. We analyzed 12 years of data from a large, nationally representative sample of women in the United States to assess the prevalence, severity, and daily impact of urinary incontinence and its subtypes at the population level. We analyzed data from 15,003 women aged ≥20 years who participated in the 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We estimated the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the prior year, overall and by subtype (stress, urgency or mixed). Among women with urinary incontinence, we additionally assessed symptom severity using the validated 4-level Incontinence Severity Index, as well as impact on daily activities. The 2005-2016 prevalence of any urinary incontinence was 53%; 16% of women had mixed urinary incontinence, 26% had stress only and 10% had urgency only. While urgency urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence were highest among women aged ≥60 years, stress urinary incontinence was highest among women aged 40-59 years. NonHispanic Black women had higher prevalence of urgency urinary incontinence and lower prevalence of stress urinary incontinence compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Of women with urinary incontinence, 30% reported moderate or severe symptoms, which were more common among older than younger women. In addition, 24% of women with urinary incontinence reported that the condition affected their daily activities. Our study demonstrates a high prevalence of urinary incontinence among a nationally representative population of women in the United States, with many reporting that urinary incontinence affected their daily activities. Age and racial/ethnic trends varied by urinary incontinence subtype.

Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in women presenting for evaluation of chronic cough.

Cough is among the most common symptoms for which individuals seek medical attention. The majority of women seeking evaluation of chronic cough report the presence of cough-induced stress urinary incontinence. https://bit.ly/3iAr9rh

Analysis of outcome and risk factors for failure after single-incision sling procedure

Aim: To assess the effectiveness and safety of a single-incision sling (SIS) and to detect the risk factors for failure after surgery in woman with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Materials and Methods: The medical records of the one hundred thirty-two patients were analyzed. Preoperatively, medical history was taken and urogynecological examination was made. Patients were asked to answer Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7). Objective cure of SUI was defined as the absence of leakage of urine on the cough test. Subjective cure was based on negative response to UDI-6, question 3. Patients were divided into two groups according to objective cure rate: cured patients (Group A) and failed patients (Group B). Results: The overall objective and subjective cure was 87.8% and 90.1%, respectively. According to the objective cure rate, there were 116 patients (87.8%) in Group A and 16 patients (12.2%) in Group B. In terms of subjective cure, Quality of Life (QoL) scores (IIQ-7 and stress subdomain of UDI-6) of Group B were statistically improved after surgery (p=0.001 and p=0.005 respectively). When two groups were compared, Group B had higher prevalence of severe SUI (IIQ scores ≥15 points) and reduced urethral mobility (Q-tip ≤ 30°) (0.8% vs 87.5%, p=0.0001 and 3.4% vs 68.7%, p=0.0001, respectively). The overall recommendation rate for surgery was 90%.Conclusion: Our study showed that SIS procedure has high subjective and objective cure rates. The main risk factors for failure were detected as reduced urethral mobility and SUI severity expressed with IIQ scores.

Economic evaluation of elective cesarean versus vaginal delivery on cost of future pelvic floor disorders in the United States.

To analyze the cost impact of cesarean versus vaginal delivery in the United States on the development of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We compared average cost of delivery method to the lifetime risk and cost of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) in women < 65 years. Costs of maternal care, obtained from the MarketScan® database, included those incurred at delivery and 3 months post-partum. Future costs of PFDs included those incurred after delivery up to 65 years. Previously reported data on the prevalence of POP and SUI following cesarean and vaginal delivery was used to calculate attributable risk. An incremental cost of illness model was used to estimate costs for SUI. Direct surgical and ambulatory care costs were used to determine cost of POP. Average estimated cost was $7089 for vaginal delivery and $9905 for cesareandelivery. The absolute risks for SUI and POP were estimated as 7% and 5%, respectively, following cesarean delivery, and 13% and 14%, respectively, following vaginal delivery. For SUI, average direct cost was $5642, indirect cost was $4208, and personal cost was $750. Average direct cost of POP surgery was $4658, and nonsurgical cost was $2220. The potential savings for reduced prevalence of SUI and POP in women who underwent cesarean delivery is estimated at $1255, but they incur an additional $2816 maternal care cost over vaginal delivery. Although elective cesarean is associated with reduced prevalence of PFDs, the increased initial cost of cesarean delivery does not offset future cost savings.

Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency in patients with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse.

To determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) in women with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse. Retrospective analysis of women with stage IV prolapse who underwent multichannel urodynamic testing. Abdominal leak point pressures (ALPP) and maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCP) were recorded. ISD was defined as ALPP ≤60 cm of water and/or MUCP ≤20 cm of water. Percentages were used to present the proportion of subjects diagnosed with SUI and ISD. A total of 145 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 69 years; most patients were Caucasian (56%). Eighty-two (56%) patients were found to have SUI on urodynamic testing. Thirty-six (44%) of these were asymptomatic and identified as having occult SUI. Sixteen (19.5%) patients were diagnosed with ISD using ALPP and/or MUCP. Six (37%) of the ISD patients had at least one MUCP value ≤20 cm of water and 12 (75%) had observed leakage with at least one ALPP value ≤60 cm of water. The number of patients with leakage at ALPP ≤60 cm of water increased with increasing bladder volumes. Five ISD patients (31%) had ALPP ≤60 cm of water at 200 mL, six (37.5%) had ALPP ≤60 cm of water at 300 mL and seven (43.8%) had ALPP ≤60 cm of water at 400 mL. Greater than 50% of patients with stage IV pelvic organ prolapse had SUI on urodynamic testing, and 20% were found to have ISD. Of the patients diagnosed with SUI, 40% were asymptomatic. These findings may assist in counseling and preoperative planning for women with stage IV prolapse.

Stress Incontinence during Different High-Impact Exercises in Women: A Pilot Survey

The aim of this survey was to investigate the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) among women (primigravida, multigravida, and nulligravida) in high-impact exercise groups—CrossFit, kickboxing, and boot camp. Incontinence Survey was modified to an anonymous online questionnaire. A total of 17 participants, 64.2% reported at least some urinary leakage during exercise. About 85.7% of participants in each of the 3 high-intensity exercise groups exercised >3 h/week. There was no significant difference in the likelihood of urinary leakage between participants who have had at least 1 pregnancy and those who had never been pregnant. CrossFit group were significantly more likely to report urinary leakage than those in the kickboxing and boot camp groups combined (p = 0.023). The participants did not exhibit typical risk factors, as they were premenopausal, active, and had an average body mass index within the normal range. This pilot survey indicates that all women those who do high-impact exercises are susceptible to stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and that CrossFit poses a greater risk for SUI in terms of more jumping resulting in increased intra-abdominal pressure and ground reaction forces compared to others. Our pilot study indicates that a higher risk of SUI during high impact exercises may exist associated with previous pregnancy but also in nulliparous women.

Correlation between modified Oxford grading scale and pelvic floor surface electromyography in assessment of pelvic floor muscle function in female patients with stress urinary incontinence

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of modified Oxford grading scale (MOS) and pelvic floor surface electromyography (sEMG) based on Glazer protocol in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and analyze the correlation between the two methods. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. A total of 212 subjects in May 2019 were enrolled and divided into SUI group (n=61) and non-SUI group (n=151) based on the commonly used 3 incontinence questions (3IQ). MOS test and sEMG parameters were measured by the same rehabilitator. The sEMG parameters included the mean and variation coefficient in the prerest phase, the maximum and relaxation time of 5 rapid contractions, the mean and variability of EMG in 10 s tonic contraction phase, the mean and variability of EMG in 60 s endurance contraction phase, and the mean and variability of EMG in postrest phase. The differences of the above parameters between SUI group and non-SUI group were compared, the logistic regression and Spearman method were used to analyze the correlation between MOS and sEMG parameters. Results: The prevalence of SUI was 28.8%(61/212) in community, body mass index and delivery mode were the risk factors (all P<0.05). The MOS of the SUI group and the non-SUI group were 3 (2,3) and 3 (3,4), respectively, with significant difference (Z=-2.58, P=0.010). Among the sEMG parameters of SUI group and non-SUI group, the maximum values of phasic contractions were 23.12 (13.65, 37.89), 30.68 (20.28, 47.02) μV, the mean of tonic contractions were 14.32 (9.62, 21.49), 17.65 (12.05, 26.35) μV, and the mean of endurance contractions were 12.78(7.88, 18.76), 16.55(11.13, 22.40) μV, respectively, with statistical significance (Z=-2.34, -2.37, -3.20, all P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that both the variation coefficient of tonic contractions (OR=157.86, 95%CI: 1.99-12 595.51, P<0.05) and the amplitude of endurance contractions(OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.03-1.19, P<0.05) were correlated with SUI. The tonic contractions amplitude had the tendency to be related to SUI (OR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.09-1.00, P<0.05). In all subjects, MOS was correlated with the maximum value of rapid contractions, average value of tonic contractions and average value of endurance contractions (r=0.516, 0.503, 0.464, all P<0.05). In SUI group (r=0.510, 0.442, 0.385, all P<0.05), and non-SUI group (r=0.495, 0.524, 0.488, all P<0.05), MOS was correlated with the above parameters. Conclusions: MOS and sEMG based on Glazer protocol indicate that the contractility of pelvic floor muscle decreases in SUI patients. The results of sEMG and MOS are consistent, which can be used for quantitative evaluation of pelvic floor muscle function in SUI patients.

Prevalence of Stress Urinary Incontinence after Vaginal Hysterectomy in Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse is reproductive health morbidity in our country and vaginal hysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgery. Urinary incontinence is a common problem after hysterectomy.&#x0D; Objective: This study assesses the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence after vaginal hysterectomy and the factors associated for stress urinary incontinence after hysterectomy.&#x0D; Methodology: This is ahospital based descriptive prospective study conducted for a period of 1-year from January 2019 toJanuary 2020. All patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy for pelvic organ prolapse were included in the study. Datawas recorded in Performa, and patients were followed up with telecommunication after a month of post-operative period regarding occurrence of stress urinary incontinence. Data were statistically analysed for mean, frequency and fisher’s exact test were done to find the association betweenstress urinary incontinence and risk factors.&#x0D; Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. Twenty-one (21%) patients complained of post-operative stress urinary incontinence. Stress urinary incontinence was not found to be significantly associated with vaginal hysterectomy, smoking habit, type of work or stage of pelvic organ prolapse. However, it was significantly associated with advancing age.&#x0D; Conclusion: Stress urinary incontinence was significantly associated with advancing age but the association with smoking habit, type of work, stage of pelvic organ prolapse was not statistically significant.