Prevalence Of Transfusion-transmissible Infections Research Articles

Trends in immunological markers of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in Mamfe District Hospital, Southwest Cameroon

BackgroundBlood transfusion is associated with exposure to blood Transfusion Transmissible Infection (TTIs). The threat posed by the blood-borne pathogens is disproportionately distributed in different healthcare facilities in Cameroon. Thus, there is a need for continuous surveillance of TTIs in the country. This study aimed to assess the screening procedure for blood transfusion and determine the trend in immunological markers of TTIs among blood donors at the Mamfe District Hospital.MethodsA prospective descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted at Mamfe District Hospital from March to May 2022. A total of 165 blood donors were recruited by the consecutive sampling method. Donors were screened using both Rapid diagnostic tests,T. pallidum haemagglutination test and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of TTIs. Data generated was entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analysed using the statistical software R, version 4.2.0. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics of percentages, means ± standard deviation, and student t-test was used to compare both diagnostic techniques, and was considered significant when p < 0.05.ResultsA hundred and sixty-five donors were enrolled in the study with a male preponderance giving a male-female sex ratio of 22.5 and a mean age of 32.23 ± 8.60 years. The majority (75.2%) of the donors were of the O-positive blood type, repeat donors (69.1%) and were mainly family replacement and paid donors as against the voluntary blood donors (39.4% and 37.0% vs. 23.6% respectively). overall TTIs prevalence was 18.78% (31/165) (), with HBsAg being the most predominant marker at 12.12% (20/165) followed by Treponema pallidum, HCV and HIV antibodies at 4.85 (8/165), 1.21%(2/165), 0.60% (1/165) respectively. Except for the HBV, The prevalence of TTIs was higher when using a single RDT than the ELISA test, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionBloodborne pathogens remain a major menace to safe blood transfusion practice in Mamfe district hospital and their detection could be easily missed if the RDT method alone is used for donor screening. Therefore, the donor screening protocol in Mamfe District Hospital should systematically incorporate a confirmation diagnostic test such as ELISA.

Sero Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infection in Blood Donors: North Goa District Hospital Based Study

Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) have emerged as one of the significant public health problems globallyin blood transfusion . The morbidity and mortality associated with TTIs have highlighted the need for improvingblood safety. The present study aims to investigate the sero prevalence of various TTIs among blood donors in theNorth Goa District Hospital.This study was a retrospective cross sectional study conducted from January 2021 upto September 2023. A totalof 5,426 blood donors were included in this study. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained fromthe donors. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the presence of various TTIs such asHIV, HBV, HCV, and Syphilis.The mean age of the donors was 32 years, with the majority being males (87.4%). Out of the 5,426 donors, 11 testedpositive for HIV, 32 for HBV, 30 for HCV, and 1 for Syphilis. The overall sero prevalence of TTIs was found to be1.36%.This study highlights the importance of regular screening of blood donors to ensure blood safety. The resultsof this study can be utilized to develop and implement effective donor selection strategies, which will help inreducing the transmission of TTIs through blood transfusion.So far no such study has been published from Goa.

Blood Donor Counselling, Notification, and Referral: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: The concept of blood donor notification and counseling has gained recognition as an essential component of blood safety and donor care. By examining the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of this intervention, valuable insights can be gained to inform future improvements in practices in the region and around the globe. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at department of transfusion medicine on 18197 consecutive whole blood &amp; component donors who visited the blood Centre between April 2018 and January 2023. The intervention involved the implementation of a blood donor notification and counseling system. Result: 178 donors were reactive in the study period with prevalence rate of (0.9%).112 (62.9%) donors out of 178 seroreactive donors could be contacted telephonically from the blood Centre. These are called as notified donors. Remaining 66 seroreactive donors could not be contacted. 39 donors out of 178 seroreactive donors were responders and remaining 139 donors were non-responders. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of an efficient and comprehensive donor referral and notification system in ensuring the safety of blood transfusions but still lot of ground work needs to be done. Effective communication, personalized counseling, and continuous education form pillars of this process. The prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors further emphasizes the need for prompt action and appropriate referral for further evaluation and care.

Prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among Blood Donors Attending the Regional Hospital Center of Franceville (Southern Gabon)

Background: Transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) constitute a worldwide threat to blood donation, especially in developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Treponema palladium among prospective blood donors attending the Amissa Bongo Regional Hospital Center of Franceville (ABRH). Methods: CTKBiotech test strips were used to detected blood transmissible infections. Antibodies to HIV ½ (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and T.pallidium were detected using respectively OnSite HIV 1/2 Ab Plus Combo Rapid Test, the OnSite HCV Ab Plus Combo Rapid Test, the OnSite HBsAg Combo Rapid Test, the OnSite Syphilis Ab Rapid Test. Results: A total of 447 prospective blood donors attending the ABRH was included in this study. The age ranged between 18 and 50 with a median age of 30. Male and family donors made up more than 88% and 83% of the study population, respectively. HBV was the most prevalent TTI with 2.68%, follow by HIV, HCV, and Syphilis, with respectively 2.23%, 1.56%, and 0.89%.Among the examined blood transmissible pathogens, only HIV was significantly associated with unemployment. Females were 3.47, 1.3, and 2.62 times more prone to test positive to respectively HIV, HCV, T.pallidium compared to males. None of the risk factors considered in this study was significantly associated with any transfusion transmissible infection. Conclusion: The present results confirm the declined of syphilis among blood donors in Gabon. Co-infection cases reported here raises concerns as they are known to complicate the patient care.

Prevalence and Association of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections with Age of Blood Donors: A Regional Transfusion Centre Study in Northern Pakistan.

To evaluate the prevalence and association of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) with age of blood donors in a regional transfusion centre located in Northern Pakistan. Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January 2017 to December 2021. All blood donors who qualified institutional blood donation criteria were initially screened for HBsAg, Anti-HCV Ab, HIV antigen-antibody combination and syphilis by an automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay analyzer (Architect Plus i 2000 SR, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL). Initially, all seronegative donor blood samples were subjected to nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). All TTI-positive donors were immediately informed and counselled to consult the medical physicians for further treatment. Descriptive statistics and significance of association were determined. The prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was calculated to be 3.33% among 308,767 donors. HCV (1.4%) was the most prevalent TTI followed by syphilis (0.9%), HBV (0.68%) and HIV (0.26%), respectively. TTIs were most prevalent in the 26 to 35-year-old group, accounting for 5,143 (50.0%) positive donors (p<0.05). The prevalence of TTIs among blood donors was found to be 3.33%. HCV was the most common TTI, followed by syphilis, HBV, and HIV. The 26 to 35 year-old group had a significantly high prevalence of TTIs. Transfusion-transmissible infections, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Treponema pallidum, Syphilis, Automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay analyzer, Nucleic acid amplification test.

Risk Factors of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors at Karongi Regional Centre for Blood Transfusion in Rwanda

BackgroundBlood transfusion saves human lives, but also it can be a route for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) including Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with TTIs among blood donors at Regional Centre for Blood Transfusion (RCBT) of Karongi, Rwanda.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study design conducted among 36,708 blood donors from 2015 to 2019. Data were extracted from the system known as eProgesaused and the outcome variable were TTIs including HBV, HCV and HIV (measured using Enzyme Immuno-Assay/Chemiluminescence Immunoassay) and syphilis (determined by Rapid Reagin Plasma). Descriptive statistics was computed to describe the characteristics of the blood donors. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were performed to assess the risk factors associated with TTIs. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study found that the overall prevalence of TTIs was 2.1%, while the prevalences of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 1.3%, 0.4%, 0.06%, and 0.34%, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that the factors associated with HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis were being male, age more than 25 years, being married, living in urban areas, first time blood donors and blood donors living in Rusizi, Rusizi, Nyamasheke and Karongi districts.ConclusionThis study revealed that the most frequent TTI was HBV among blood donors and the main risk groups were males, age group of 26-35 years, married and first time donors. Hence, while developing health policies to reduce the effects of HBV infection on safe blood transfusion, these study findings should be taken into account.&#x0D; Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2023;6(2):143-153

Seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections by ELISA in donors testing negative with rapid ICT in Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

Background: Blood transfusion saves lives, but it is associated with many complications which include transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). The major objectives of this study were to determine; the prevalence of TTIs in the blood donated at Asokoro District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria from 01 January to 31 December 2019; investigate the accuracy of rapid immunochromatographic (ICT) tests for preliminary TTIs screening of blood donors’ samples and confirmed by ELISA test; and establish baseline data that will provide the impetus for improvement in equipment, infrastructure, and health system management, with the ultimate goal of ensuring safer blood transfusion practice.&#x0D; Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of records of blood donors at the Blood Bank of Asokoro District Hospital, a quasi-tertiary centre situated at Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), northcentral Nigeria, between 01 January to 31 December 2019. The socio-demographic biodata (age and gender), blood parameters (PCV and blood groups), and TTIs test results (by rapid ICT kit and ELISA) of donors were manually extracted from the record books of the hospital’s blood bank. Only donor blood samples that initially tested negative for TTIs met the inclusion criteria. The data were entered into the spreadsheet of Microsoft Excel, and analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 23.0. Chi square test was used to determine association between variables and p value less than 0.05 was considered statistical significance.&#x0D; Results: A total of 1400 blood samples of donors, received within the study period, met the inclusion criteria of testing negative for TTIs on rapid ICT kit test. The mean age (± SD) of the donors was 35.6±6.7 years with age range of 18-67 years. The median age was 35 years, and the predominant age group was 30-39 years, accounting for 55.4% (775/1400). Majority of the donors (97.1%, 1359/1400) were males. In terms of ABO blood group distribution, group O Rh D positive was the commonest, followed by group A Rh D positive, while the least is group AB Rh D positive. The overall prevalence of TTIs by ELISA test was 4.9% (68/1400). This prevalence was highest for HCV (1.9%, 26/1400), followed by HIV (1.2%, 17/1400), HBV (0.9%, 13/1400) and syphilis (0.9%, 12/1400).&#x0D; Conclusion: The detection of TTIs by ELISA test from false negative donor samples preliminarily screened with rapid ICT kit highlighted by our study speaks to the unreliability of rapid ICT kits in screening of blood donors for TTIs. There is need therefore for health authorities in Nigeria and other LMICs to ensure widespread availability of highly sensitive blood screening methods such as ELISA to the point where it will be possible to enforce legislation against the use of the less accurate rapid ICT screening kits.

Haemovigilance and Trends of Transfusion Transmissible Viral Infections among Asymptomatic Population at Akatsi South Municipal in Volta Region of Ghana from 2014 to 2019

Background: The use of advance screening tools to prevent Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs), is critical to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG.3.3). This study assessed the implications of using chromatographic Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDTs) kits, and dynamics on TTIs, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among blood donors at the Akatsi South Municipality in the Volta Region of Ghana. Methods: This was a haemovigilance study, designed to retrospectively evaluate secondary data on 2,588 blood donors in Akatsi South District Hospital from 2014 to 2019. The data was collected using data extraction log, quality controlled using double data entry mechanism, and managed electronically using Microsoft Visual Basics and STATA. TTIs’ trends were determined using frequentist and descriptive statistics, and 95% confidence intervals using the Clopper Pearson test. Results: Prevalence of TTIs was 8.0%. The prevalence of HIV as well as HBV and HCV, was 3.8%, 3.2% and 1.0% respectively. For female hosts, the prevalence was 7.4% (HIV), 4.2 % (HBV) and 1.6% (HCV). For Male-host, the rates were 3.1% (HIV), 3.5% (HBV) and 1.0% (HVC). Donors aged 15-19years were most infected at rates of 13.2% (HIV), 4.7% (HBV) and 1.9% (HCV). About 57(2.4%) and 3(1.2%) of 2380 blood donated were TTIs false negatives and false positives respectively. Conclusion: Generally, there was reductive trends in prevalence of named TTIs, including HIV at a rate of 30.3% across the period. However, the rate of new HIV infections was above the regional and national rates, and this has research and policy implications. In addition, the limitation of current screening tool to detect about 2.4% of named TTIs among the screened blood was a potential risk medium for transfusing unsafe blood. A relatively higher sensitive blood transfusion screening method is urgently needed to prevent the transfusion of HIV, HBV and HCV false negative blood in Akatsi Municipal Hospital.

Prevalence of TTI among Indian blood donors.

Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs) such as human immune-deficiency virus (HIV-I/II), hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Malaria parasite (MP) and syphilis can spread through contaminated blood or blood products. The present study was designed to analyze the prevalence of TTIs and their association with blood group, among the blood donors of Delhi. Blood group was determined by hem-agglutination using Gel card. HIV, HBV, and HCV test was performed by ELISA, syphilis by RPR and MP rapid card method. A total Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs) such as human immune-deficiency virus (HIV-I/II), hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Malaria parasite (MP) and syphilis can spread through contaminated blood or blood products. The present study was designed to analyze the prevalence of TTIs and their association with blood group, among the blood donors of Delhi. Blood group was determined by hem-agglutination using Gel card. HIV, HBV, and HCV test was performed by ELISA, syphilis by RPR and MP rapid card method. A total of 345(2.038%) blood donors were positive for TTIs. Prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV-I/II, syphilis and MP were 188(1.111%), 73(0.431%), 34(0.201%), 49(0.29%) and 1(0.006%) respectively. Our result shows a trend of decrease in prevalence of TTIs; 2.267%, 2.111% and 1.614% between the year 2020, 2021 and 2022 respectively. Significant association of syphilis infection (P=0.036) and HCV infection (P=0.012) with ABO blood group antigen was observed. Blood group O donors were 1.81 times more infected with syphilis compared to donor having A and B antigen. Donors having blood group antigen B were 1.80 times more infected with HCV compared to donor not having B antigen. HBV and HIV prevalence found to be not associated with ABO and Rh blood group antigens. A low prevalence of TTIs positivity was observed among blood donors. Public awareness, proper counseling, medical examination and testing can help to minimize TTIs. Our study results shows ABO blood group has an association with HCV and VDRL infection.

Seroprevalence of transfusion- transmissible infections by type and their distribution across gender in blood donors, a regional blood center study, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and distribution by gender of Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) in blood donors. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Department of Community Medicine, G.M.C. Period: July 18, 2022 to November 18, 2022. Material &amp; Methods: The data collecting tool was a structured proforma. A sample of 3329 was calculated with a 0.71% margin of error, a 95% confidence level, and an expected prevalence of TTIs of 4.61%. Consecutive non probability sampling technique used. Nominal variables were gender, type of donors, presence of TTIs and types of TTIs. Counts and percentages with 95% confidence intervals were used to describe the prevalence and distribution. Chi-square goodness of fit was used to compare expected values with observed values. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of sample of 3329, TTIs positive cases were 174 (5.22%) with 95% CI of 4.51- 5.93%. All the positive cases were males. The prevalence for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, Syphilis, and Malaria was 2.2%, 0.9%, 0.3%, 1.9%, and 0.1% respectively. Our observed values for Hepatitis B&amp;C, HIV and malaria were not statistically significantly different from expected values except for syphilis. Conclusion: Prevalence of TTIs was 5.22% with significantly higher prevalence of syphilis as compared to expected prevalence.

Prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections and unfitness predictors among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

Prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections and unfitness predictors among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

SEROPREVALANCE OF TRANSFUSION TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN U.P

Background: The evaluation of the data of the prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) among blood donors permits an assessment of the acquisition of the infections in the blood donor population and consequently safety of the collected donations. It gives an idea for the epidemiology of these infections in the population. Objectives: To study seroprevalence of HIV,HBV,HCV,Syphilis and malaria in blood donors. Methods:Total of 4529 units of blood were collected from voluntary and replacement donors during three years study period from Jan 2019 to dec 2021. All the blood samples were screened for HIV,HbsAg,HCV,Syphilis and malarial parasites. Results: Out of the total 4529 blood donors, replacement donors were (79.50%) more compared to voluntary donors (20.40%).The overall seroprevalence of TTI was 4.10%.The seroprevalence of HIV,HbsAg and HCV was 0.04%,1.81% and 2.16% in total donors respectively. No voluntary donor was found to be positive for HIV. The prevalence for HbsAg and HCV was more in replacement donors 1.67% and 2.03% respectively as compared to voluntary donors 0.14% and 0.13% respectively.No donors were found positive for Syphilis and Malaria. Conclusion: Replacement donors were found to be more seropositive for TTI as compared to voluntary donors.Hence,more attention should be given for motivation of voluntary donors

A Sero-epidemiological Study on Transfusion-Transmissible Infectious among Volunteer Blood Donors From 2016 to 2020 in Nanjing

To investigate the status of transfusion-transmissible infection (TTI) among voluntary blood donors in Nanjing in recent five years, in order to provide data support for the recruitment of blood donors and formulation and updating of blood screening strategies. HIV/HBV/HCV/TP serological markers were detected by ELISA in 487 120 blood donors in Nanjing from 2016 to 2020. Confirmatory assay was applied in anti-HIV positive samples by Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The prevalence of TTI was calculated and the trend of disease was analyzed under different demographic groups. The total positive rate of TTI in blood donors was 0.49% (2 411/487 120), in which the overall seroprevalence rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP was 0.23%, 0.09%, 0.01% and 0.16%, respectively. The overall prevalence of HIV and TP remained relatively steady (P>0.05), whereas HBV and HCV decreased year by year (P<0.05). The prevalence of TTI was higher among people with lower education level, high age group and first-time blood donation. The prevalence of TTI among voluntary blood donors in Nanjing is at a low level from 2016 to 2020, but the risk still exists. The recruitment of regular donors and the improvement of blood screening technology can effectively reduce the risk of TTI.

Source Plasma Donation: The Experience of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization.

Background: A declining need for red blood cells coupled with strengthening demand for plasma-derived medicines has led to a strong focus on moving whole blood donors to plasmapheresis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the four-year policies of the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO) in terms of plasmapheresis recruitment of first-time donors and its effect on plasmapheresis outcome. Materials and Methods: Plasmapheresis data related to 16 centers from 2016 to 2019 was obtained from IBTO software. This information includes; (1) blood donation number, (2) plasmapheresis donation number, (3) number of plasmapheresis donors, (4) plasmapheresis donor demographic data, (5) plasmapheresis donor status, (6) frequency of plasma donation for each donor, (7) volume of plasma and (8) the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in plasmapheresis donors. Results:The result of this study demonstrated thatplasmapheresis collection centers have recruited 85,515 (91%) first-time and 8,595(9%) regular and repeated donors from 2016 to 2019 years. Plasmapheresis to blood donation index was increased from 0.2% in 2016 to 4.9% in 2019. The mean donation number was 2 times per year. The trend of the yearly Whole Blood Donation (WBD) Index decreased from 26.69 to 24.11/1000 for the general population. The total volume of collected source plasma was 49,203 liters during this period. However, 46,000 liters of recovered plasma were decreased due to less WBD. Furthermore, the results indicated that the prevalence of HCV was significantly higher in first-time donors compared to repeated and regular donors (P = 0.000). Conclusion: It is concluded that during four years, the net volume of plasma did not increase and plasmapheresis led to reducing WBD in our country. Moreover, first-time plasmapheresis donors can be associated with challenges such as increasing screening costs and compromising the safety of plasma resources. Therefore IBTO decided to stop the project and focus on its main role to prepare safe and sufficient blood components through WB collection and also single donor platelet and concurrent plasma by plateletpheresis.

Correlates of transfusion transmissible infections among patients with sickle cell disease in Nigeria: case-control study

ABSTRACT Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) such as Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are among the most frequent complications in individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). We investigated factors associated with TTIs in SCD patients and controls in South-west Nigeria. A total of 2,034 participants with or without SCD were recruited in a matched case-control study. HIV, HBV and HCV infections were diagnosed using commercialy available ELISA kits (Biorad, Paris). Samples positive for HIV ELISA were further confirmed using Western blot. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired/independent t-test and logistic regression at p = .05. Proportion with HBV was higher among those with multiple sexual partners (12.7%), tattoo/body incision (11.8%), and sharing of sharp objects (7.3%), but HIV was only higher among participants with history of tattoo/body incision (1.5%). Prevalence of TTIs was similar among participants with or without transfusion. History of sharing sharp objects (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 1.72; 95%CI:1.11–2.66) and tattoo/body incision (aOR = 1.89; 95%CI:1.22–2.94) almost doubled the risk of HBV. TTIs are endemic in the studied area. Certain lifestyles predispose people to TTIs than having blood transfusion. Population-based intervention targeting lifestyle changes may reduce the risk of TTIs in the study area. Abbrveviations AA: Hemoglobin AA; AC: Hemoglobin AC; aOR: adjusted Odds Ratios; AS: Hemoglobin AS; CHOP: Children Outpatient; CI: Confidence Interval; EDTA: Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid; GOP: General Outpatient; HBV: Hepatitis B Virus; HCV: Hepatitis C Virus; HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; HPLC: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; IAMRAT: Advanced Medical Research & Training; IDU: Injection Drug Use; MOP: Medical Outpatient; SC: Hemoglobin SC; SCD: Sickle cell disease; SD: Standard Deviation; SF: Hemoglobin SF; SS: Hemoglobin SS; STDs: Sexually Transmitted Diseases; TTI: Transfusion transmissible infections; UCH: University College Hospital Ibadan; UI: University of Ibadan;

Evaluation of Transfusion Transmissible Infections Prevalence and Trend Among Blood Donors Attended at Bule Hora Blood Bank, West Guji, South Ethiopia

Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) are among the greatest threats to blood safety for recipients and the economy of the developed and developing countries. Therefore, the study of the prevalence and trends of TTIs is important to assess for its prevention and control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and trend of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors at the Bule Hora Blood Bank, West Guji, Ethiopia, from 2019 to 2021. A retrospective study was conducted on all blood donors at the Bule Hora Blood Bank from 2019-2021. The data of 4193 blood donors were collected from the databank (logbook) of the blood bank using a checklist. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software, and the chi-square test was used to assess the association between independent variables and transfusion transmission infection. Different types of graphs, charts and tables were used to present the data. P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant. The overall transfusion transmissible infection among blood donors was 4.6% (192). Out of the tested blood donors, 86 (2.1%) were found to be seropositive for hepatitis B virus. The trend analysis showed that the positivity rates of the screened tests were 28 (4.72%) in 2019, decreased to 77 (4.26%) in 2020 and increased to 87 (4.86%) in 2021. The sex of blood donors was significantly associated with TTIs (P value = .021), and the positivity rates were significantly higher among male than female blood donors. The study results showed that overall seropositivity rates increased along the age groups of the donors. The study reported a moderate prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors visiting the Bule hora blood bank. Health education about the transmission, prevention and create awareness of TTIs should be strengthened by the government and non-government organization.

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections and associated factors among healthy blood donors in North Indian population – 4-Year experience of licensed blood bank at tertiary care hospital

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections and associated factors among healthy blood donors in North Indian population – 4-Year experience of licensed blood bank at tertiary care hospital

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary blood donors: The need for adoption of sensitive screening assays

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary blood donors: The need for adoption of sensitive screening assays

Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bié, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies.

Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs), caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunode-ficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis, have a high global impact, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the trend of these infections over time in blood donors in Angola. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among blood donors in Angola from 2005 to 2020. Additionally, frozen samples obtained from blood donors in 2007 were investigated to identify chronic HCV carriers and possible occult HBV infection (OBI). The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis was 8.5, 3, 2.1, and 4.4%, respectively, among 57,979 blood donors. HBV was predominant among male donors, while the remaining TTIs were predominant among women. Donors >50 years had a significantly high prevalence for all TTIs. Chronic HCV infection was ab-sent in 500 samples tested and OBI was present in 3%. Our results show the continued high prev-alence of TTIs among blood donors in Angola. Most infections showed a significantly low preva-lence in years with campaigns seeking voluntary blood donors, thus, reinforcing the importance of this type of donor to ensure safe blood. Africa, with a high prevalence of diverse pathogens, should consider cost-effective pathogen reduction technologies, once they are commercially accessible, to increase the availability of safe blood.

Pattern of Blood Donation and Transfusion Transmissible Infections in a Hospital-Based Blood Transfusion Service in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: Blood transfusion therapy remains a mainstay in the care of many tropical diseases. Blood supply in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Nigeria is still a challenge in terms of perennial blood shortages and transfusion transmissible infections (TTI). This study aimed to describe blood donation patterns and compare the rates of TTIs among types of blood donors seen at LUTH.&#x0D; Study method: A 6-year retrospective review of data on donor types and pattern of TTIs at LUTH transfusion service. TTI rates and odd ratios (OR) of TTI positivity amongst VNRD versus FRD were computed at 95% confidence intervals. Proportion of TTI sero-positivity was also compared between the VNRD and FRD groups.&#x0D; Results: A total of 53,319 blood donors were observed over the study period, with average of 8886.5 donors per year. VNRDs accounted for 12.3% (6533/53,319), while FRDs accounted for 87.7% (46,789/53,319) of all donors. The proportion of VNRDs ranged from 5.1% to 20.8%. The overall prevalence of TTIs over the 6-year period for all donors was 1.34% for HIV, 5.79% for HBV, 2.23% for HCV and 0.88% for syphilis. Sero-positivity rates for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis was statistically significantly lower among VNRD compared to FRDs.&#x0D; Conclusion: There exists a lot of room for improvement in our blood donation practices to improve blood stock and transfusion safety. A more aggressive strategic effort needs to be directed towards achieving a target of 100% voluntary blood donor base through partnerships, advocacy, more financing and resource allocation, and other proven initiatives.&#x0D; Keywords: Nigeria; Transfusion; Transfusion transmitted infections; blood donors.