Prevalence Of Sarcopenic Obesity Research Articles

Sarcopenic Obesity in Chronic Kidney Disease: Challenges in Diagnosis Using Different Diagnostic Criteria

Objectives: Obesity, muscle impairment (low muscle mass or strength), and sarcopenic obesity are present in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are associated with worse clinical prognosis. However, the various existing definitions for these conditions make the diagnosis variable. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agreement between diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity and its components in CKD. Subject and Methods: 267 patients with CKD were included in the study. We assessed body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and muscle function by handgrip strength (HGS) and adiposity by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass index (FMI), and percentage of FM. Diagnosis of muscle impairment was made by HGS, appendicular lean mass (ALM), and ALM index; obesity by BMI, WC, FMI, and %FM, and sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed by concomitant presence of muscle impairment and obesity. Results: Prevalence of muscle impairment varied from 11 to 50%, higher when low muscle mass criteria were used. Prevalence of obesity varied from 26 to 62%, higher when WC and %FM criteria were used. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity varied from 2 to 23%. Women were more affected by sarcopenic obesity. Muscle impairment and sarcopenic obesity were more prevalent among patients on hemodialysis and obesity among nondialysis-dependent and kidney transplant patients. The agreement was poor between muscle mass and strength criteria; substantial between FMI, BMI, and %FM and fair between WC and the other measures; for sarcopenic obesity, it varied from poor to almost perfect. Conclusion: Significant differences were found among the various diagnostic criteria that are used in the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity. Our results highlight the need for standardization in the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity.

Increased Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake is Inversely Associated with Sarcopenic Obesity in Women but not in Men, Based on the 2014-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

(1) Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3FAs) are known to improve protein anabolism, increase the sensitivity to anabolic stimuli, decrease lipogenesis, and stimulate lipid oxidation. We aim to investigate whether ω3FAs are associated with the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO). (2) Methods: Data were obtained from the 2014–2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The ratio of daily ω3FA intake to energy intake (ω3FA ratio) was categorized into four quartile groups. (3) Results: The prevalence of SO from Q1 to Q4 was 8.9%, 11.3%, 11.0%, and 9.8% respectively, in men and 17.4%, 14.0%, 13.9%, and 10.1% respectively, in women. The ω3FA ratio in individuals with and without SO were 1.0% and 0.9% in men (p-value = 0.271) respectively, and 0.8% and 1.0% in women (p-value = 0.017), respectively. Compared with Q1, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of Q2, Q3, and Q4 of ω3FA ratios were 1.563 (0.802–3.047), 1.246 (0.611–2.542), and 0.924 (0.458–1.864) respectively, in men and 0.663 (0.379–1.160), 0.640 (0.372–1.102), and 0.246 (0.113–0.534) respectively, in women, after fully adjusting for confounding factors. (4) Conclusions: The ω3FA ratio was significantly higher in older females without SO than in older females with SO. The ω3FA ratio was associated with the prevalence of SO in elderly females.

Factors related with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among low- and middle-income settings: the 10/66 DRG study

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity research in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) is limited. We investigated sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity prevalence and sociodemographic, bio-clinical and lifestyle factors in LMICs settings. For the purposes of this study, the 10/66 Dementia Research Group follow-up wave information from individuals aged 65 and over in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Mexico, Puerto Rico, China, was employed and analysed (n = 8.694). Based on indirect population formulas, we calculated body fat percentage (%BF) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Sarcopenia prevalence ranged from 12.4% (Dominican Republic) to 24.6% (rural Peru); sarcopenic obesity prevalence ranged from 3.0% (rural China) to 10.2% (rural Peru). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sarcopenia were higher for men 2.82 (2.22–3.57) and those with higher %BF 1.08 (1.07–1.09), whereas higher number of assets was associated with a decreased likelihood 0.93 (0.87–1.00). OR of sarcopenic obesity were higher for men 2.17 (1.70–2.76), those reporting moderate alcohol drinking 1.76 (1.21–2.57), and those with increased number of limiting impairments 1.54 (1.11–2.14). We observed heterogeneity in the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the 10/66 settings. We also found a variety of factors to be associated with those. Our results reveal the need for more research among the older population of LMICs.

The Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity in Postmenopausal Women with a History of Breast Cancer Depending on Adopted Methodology - A Case-Control Study.

IntroductionSarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized as the cooccurrence of sarcopenia and obesity. It is associated with many adverse health consequences, also in oncological patients. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of SO in postmenopausal women with a history of breast cancer depending on adopted methodology.Materials and MethodsThe case–control study enrolled 103 women over the age of 50 with a history of breast cancer, including women who completed oncological treatment and had remained in remission for at least 5 years (group I, n=78) and women in whom the disease recurred (group II, n=25). The control group included women with no history of breast cancer (group III, n=73).ResultsIn group II sarcopenia occurred significantly more commonly compared to both group I and the control group (for the skeletal muscle index (SMI) ≤29.20%: 13 (52%) in group II vs 16 (20.5%) in group I, p=0.004 and 3 (4.1%) in group III, p<0.001; for SMI ≤26.60%: 10 (40%) in group II vs 9 (11.5%) in group I, p=0.003 and 3 (4.1%) in group III, p<0.001; for SMI ≤33.87%: 17 (68%) in group II vs 21 (26.9%) in group I, p<0.001 and 5 (6.8%) in group III, p<0.001). Depending on the assessment criteria, SO was diagnosed in 0–11.5% of cases in group I, 0–40% of cases in group II and 0–4.1% in the control group. Intergroup differences were not statistically significant, irrespective of the adopted pair of diagnostic criteria. The highest detectability of SO was observed when SMI was combined with each of the diagnostic criteria for obesity used.DiscussionSO diagnosis based on the percentage of fatty tissue mass in the body of >38% and SMI value were associated with a higher detection rate of SO in each study group, regardless of the adopted cut-off value. Similar results were obtained in each analyzed group when using the remaining diagnostic criteria for obesity and SMI value, regardless of the cut-off value.

High prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in pancreatic exocrine insufficiency patients: A prospective study

High prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in pancreatic exocrine insufficiency patients: A prospective study

Incident Impaired Cognitive Function in Sarcopenic Obesity: Data From the National Health and Aging Trends Survey

ObjectivesThe prevalence of obesity with sarcopenia is increasing in adults aged ≥65 years. This geriatric syndrome places individuals at risk for synergistic complications that leads to long-term functional decline. We ascertained the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and incident long-term impaired global cognitive function in a representative US population. DesignA longitudinal, secondary data set analysis using the National Health and Aging Trends Survey. SettingCommunity-based older adults in the United States. ParticipantsParticipants without baseline impaired cognitive function aged ≥65 years with grip strength and body mass index measures. MethodsSarcopenia was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project grip strength cut points (men <35.5 kg; women <20 kg), and obesity was defined using standard body mass index (BMI) categories. Impaired global cognition was identified as impairment in the Alzheimer's Disease-8 score or immediate/delayed recall, orientation, clock-draw test, date/person recall. Proportional hazard models ascertained the risk of impaired cognitive function over 8 years (referent = neither obesity or sarcopenia). ResultsOf the 5822 participants (55.7% women), median age category was 75 to 80, and mean grip strength and BMI were 26.4 kg and 27.5 kg/m2, respectively. Baseline prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 12.9%, with an observed subset of 21.2% participants having impaired cognitive function at follow-up. Compared with those without sarcopenia or obesity, the risk of impaired cognitive function was no different in obesity alone [hazard ratio (HR) 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–1.16]), but was significantly higher in sarcopenia (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.42–1.80) and sarcopenic obesity (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.03–1.40). There was no significant interaction term between sarcopenia and obesity. ConclusionsBoth sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are associated with an increased long-term risk of impaired cognitive function in older adults.

Sociodemographic Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity Among Gender in African American Population

Epidemiological studies on obesity have focused on poverty levels, median income, and race as major contributors to increasing obesity trends but few have studied the impact of obesity on muscle mass and strength. Medical costs, insurance coverage rates, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were also considered. Investigating increasing prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and connecting it to factors like BMI, waist circumference, loss of muscle mass and strength, median income, and insurance coverage rates in regional sociodemographic USA was the goal. The purpose was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity among US African-Americans of specific age groups and gender. Appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. ASM can further be defined as lean muscle mass. Sarcopenic obesity index (SOI) was calculated as ASM/TBW, with TBW representing total body weight. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as SOI of ≤ 0.128 for males and ≤ 0.519 for females. In general, BMI ≥ 30, muscle strength ≤ 2/5, DEXA value of appendicular lean muscle index (ALMI) < 2 Z score all impact the measurements of sarcopenic obesity. Prevalence; ASM/TBW ×100%. Comparisons across different regions of the USA from 2006 to 2008 US census CDC data from a total of 84,838 showed African Americans males 32.6%; (31.4–33.9) and females 40.6%; (39.7–41.5) in the South region showed females had the highest prevalence. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity between the ages of 55–74 years among African American gender is significant for females when compared to males.

Gender and Exercise in Relation to Obesity in Greek Elderly Population.

Purpose: The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing in older adults (>65 years) and older. Sarcopenic obesity is also related to reduced muscle synthesis, due to low physical activity levels. The purpose of the present study is to investigate possible risk factors, and effects of habitual activity status on different types of obesity in an elderly population. Methods: One hundred and two (n = 102) free living participants, aged >60 years, were randomly selected from Rehabilitation Centers for the Elderly in Thessaloniki and from municipal gymnasiums of Thessaloniki, Greece with a mean age of 68.11 ± 6.40 years. The response rate of the participants was 51%. For the purpose of this study, all the participants selected were healthy and did not receive any medication. Specifically, 46 subjects (19 men and 27 women) were members of Rehabilitation Centers for the Elderly in Thessaloniki, while 56 individuals (31 men and 25 women were members of the municipal gymnasiums of Thessaloniki and exercised 2 to 3 times per week). Anthropometric measurements were taken for all subjects. Body composition was assessed with bioelectrical impedance. Body Mass Index (BMI) was categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2000) standards. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference of >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women. All participants completed a specific questionnaire regarding their health status, physical activity and previous weight status. Risk of sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed in the participants with co-existing sarcopenia and obesity resulting in high fat mass concurrent with low lean body mass. Results: Women had more than double risk of developing abdominal obesity (OR:2.133, 95% CI: 0.963–4.725) compared to men. More specifically, 69.6% of the elders who did not exercise regularly had central obesity (men: 52.6% and women: 81.5%), while 38.2% of the exercised elders (men: 36.7% and women: 40%) had central obesity. Sedentary elders demonstrated an increased risk of obesity according to body fat (%BF) (OR: 1.259, 95% CI: 0.576–2.750), double the risk of obesity according to body mass (OR: 2.074, 95% CI: 0.765–5.622), and triple the risk of having central obesity (OR: 3.701, 95% CI: 1.612–8.494) compared to those who exercised. Conclusion Exercise appears to have a protective role against all modes of obesity and thus possibly against obesity-related co-morbidities in the elderly.

Sarcopenic Obesity and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Rehabilitation Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Reports investigating the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and activities of daily living in older patients with stroke were limited. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with activities of daily living in older post-stroke patients in convalescent rehabilitation wards. This study was performed in older post-stroke patients admitted to convalescent rehabilitation wards between January 2017 and March 2019. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip strength according to the criteria of the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Obesity was diagnosed according to the body fat percentage; ≥27% in men, ≥38% in women. The primary outcome was the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score upon admission, which was analyzed using multiple linear regression. In total, 376 participants (women 44%; mean age 77.5 years) were analyzed and classified as normal (22%), simple obesity (17%), sarcopenia without obesity (32%), and sarcopenic obesity (28%). The presence of sarcopenic obesity was independently associated with the FIM score (95% CI, −16.157 to −5.353), whereas simple obesity and sarcopenia without obesity were not. In conclusion, sarcopenic obesity was independently associated with lower activities of daily living capability in older patients with stroke.

Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in older women and men \u2013 a prospective observational study

BackgroundThe combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with SO and its various components.MethodsData were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 87 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the recently updated EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, fat mass > 30%/ > 42% or waist circumference ≥ 88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively.ResultsSO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2–8.9)) of dying within 10 years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 87 years, obesity was associated with increased survival.ConclusionsSO was observed in 4–11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within 10 years. In 87-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity without sarcopenia was related to a survival benefit over a four-year period.

Health Consequences of Sarcopenic Obesity: A Narrative Review.

Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength or physical performance. Increased amounts of adipose tissue often accompany sarcopenia, a condition referred to as sarcopenic obesity. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity among adults is rapidly increasing worldwide. However, the lack of a universal definition of sarcopenia limits comparisons between studies. Sarcopenia and obesity have similar pathophysiologic factors, including lifestyle behaviors, hormones, and immunological factors, all of which may synergistically affect the risk of developing a series of adverse health issues. Increasing evidence has shown that sarcopenic obesity is associated with accelerated functional decline and increased risks of cardiometabolic diseases and mortality. Therefore, the identification of sarcopenic obesity may be critical for clinicians in aging societies. In this review, we discuss the effect of sarcopenic obesity on multiple health outcomes and its role as a predictor of these outcomes based on the components of sarcopenia, including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance.

The Impact of Age on the Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity in Bariatric Surgery Candidates.

Sarcopenia pre-dating bariatric surgery (BS) has been suggested as concern for the use of BS in older-adults with morbid obesity. To evaluate the impact of age on the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in BS-candidates. Cross-sectional study including 1370 consecutive BS-candidates aged ≥18, and grouped according to age: 18-39 (reference group), 40-49, 50-59 and ≥ 60years. From body composition analysis data obtained using bioelectrical impedance, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), SMM index (SMMI=SMM/height2), and percentage of SMM (%SMM = SMM/BW*100) were calculated. Class I or class II SO was adjudicated, respectively, when a value between > - 1 and - 2, or > -2 standard deviations from the regression line from the gender-specific distribution of the relationship between BMI and SMMI or the %SMM in the reference group was encountered. According to the SMMI distribution, prevalence of class I and class II SO in the whole cohort was respectively 16.4% and 4.6%. SO was more prevalent in females (p < 0.005). Proportion of subjects with SO positively correlated with older age category in females (Tau-c = 0.149, p < 0.001) but not in males. In females aged ≥60, class I SO was present in 29.1%, and class II in 12.8%. Similar results were obtained when %SMM was used (Cohen's k-coefficient = 0.886, p < 0.001). Age and female gender were identified as independent preditors of SO, whereas CRP or the presence of obesity-associated comorbidities were not. Age is a risk factor for SO in BS-candidates. SO is fairly common in female subjects aged >60years that are candidates to BS.

Sarcopenia in relation to nutrition and lifestyle factors among middle-aged and older Korean adults with obesity.

To examine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and its association with nutrition and lifestyle factors. Data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 3937 Korean individuals aged 40years or older with obesity defined by the modified Asia-Pacific criteria (BMI ≥ 25kg/m2) were used. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight (%) of < 1 SD below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Logistic regression models were used for the associations controlling covariates. The prevalence of SO was 52.5%. The SO group had insufficient energy intake, protein, and antioxidant micronutrients, a lower overall dietary quality, a lower physical activity, and higher rates of negative psychological factors than the non-sarcopenic obesity group (p < 0.05). After controlling for covariates, having high mean adequacy ratio scores which was calculated by averaging the sum of the nutrient adequacy ratios had a 94% lower prevalence of SO in the older individuals. Low participation in aerobic exercises had a 74% higher prevalence of SO in the older aged group, and high participation in flexibility exercises had a 11% lower prevalence of SO in the middle-aged group. Interestingly, negative psychological factors were found only in the middle-aged adults with SO (p < 0.05). Sarcopenia was present in over half of the middle-aged and older Korean adults with obesity. Having high dietary quality, increased physical activity, and positive psychological health were associated with a low prevalence of SO.

Sarcopenic Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Their Implications in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences.

The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing worldwide, particularly amongst aging populations. Insulin resistance is the core mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and is also associated with variable cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fat accumulation in muscle tissue promotes a proinflammatory cascade and oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired insulin signaling, and muscle atrophy. To compound the problem, decreased muscle mass aggravates insulin resistance. In addition, the crosstalk between myokines and adipokines leads to negative feedback, which in turn aggravates sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms linking sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance with various biological pathways. We also discuss the impact and mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance on cardiometabolic disease.

Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity and its Association with Functionality, Lifestyle, Biomarkers and Morbidities in Older Adults: the FIBRA-RJ Study of Frailty in Older Brazilian Adults

OBJECTIVES:To assess the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with functionality, lifestyle, biomarkers, and morbidities in older adults.METHODS:The study analyzed cross-sectional data from 270 older adults who participated in phase III of the Frailty in Brazilian Older People Study (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros—Rio de Janeiro, FIBRA-RJ study-2013). They took part in a home interview surveying socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, morbidities, and functional data. Blood was collected for biochemical marker analysis and participants’ body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. For women, the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity was defined at a body fat percentage ≥38% and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI) <5.45 kg/m2. For men, a fat percentage ≥27% and ASMMI <7.26 kg/m2 was defined as sarcopenic obesity. Multivariate analysis was performed using a multinomial regression model (95% confidence intervals), with sarcopenic obesity as the outcome.RESULTS:The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 29.3%. In the final fitted model, the variables that displayed statistically significant association with sarcopenic obesity were lower gait speed, self-reported medical diagnosis of arthrosis or arthritis, and high levels of glycemia.CONCLUSION:The study showed a high prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in non-institutionalized older adults in Brazil. The finding that this condition was associated with modifiable risk factors may provide insights into measures directed at prevention and reduction of the risk of sarcopenic obesity in this population subgroup.

Sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older women, determined by different diagnostic methods.

Background: sarcopenic obesity (SO) decreases functional capacity, favors loss of autonomy, and is associated with increased mortality in the elderly. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity differs according to the chosen diagnostic method and/or the population studied. Objective: to identify sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling elderly women using different diagnostic methods. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study involving 138 elderly women enrolled in an Open University of the Third Age. Sarcopenia was defined according to three criteria: a skeletal muscle index (SMI) ≤ 6.42 kg/m²; reduced muscle strength, defined by handgrip strength (HS) < 20 kg/f; and reduced physical performance, determined by a usual gait speed (GS) < 0.8 m/s. Obesity was diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m², waist circumference (WC) > 88 cm, total body fat percentage (TBF%) determined by bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) ≥ 38%, and value for triceps skinfold (TS) ≥ 85th percentile. Sarcopenic obesity is the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity. Results: the prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 14.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The highest prevalence of obesity was found using WC (69.6%) and TBF% (52.9%) (p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was found using TBF% (9.4%) and WC (6.5%) (p < 0.001). Sarcopenic obesity according to BMI was only 0.7%. Conclusion: the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was high and depended on the diagnostic criteria applied. The association of TBF% with the diagnosis of sarcopenia was the method that identified the highest prevalence of sarcopenic obesity.

The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with cognitive performance in type 2 diabetes in Singapore.

We aim to examine body composition, and association between SO and cognitive performance in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in an Asian population in Singapore. This was a cross-sectional study on 1235 patients with mean age 61.4±8.0 years and T2D primary and secondary care attending diabetes care in Singapore. Body composition was assessed using tetrapolar multi-frequency BIA device analysis. Fat mass to fat-free mass (FM/FFM) ratio was categorized into 3 groups: Group 1, normal, <0.40; Group 2, obese and increase of FM is small relative to that in FFM, 0.40 to 0.80; and Group 3, SO, >0.80. Cognition was assessed using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The distribution of body composition based on FM/FFM ratio was: Group 1, 20.2%; Group 2, 60.5%; and Group 3, 19.4%. SO (Group 3) was significantly associated with reduced RBANS total score with β-1.44 (95%CI -2.82 to-0.06; p=0.041) in multivariable linear regression adjusted for demographics, education, depressive symptom(s) and clinical covariates. SO was significantly associated with reduced index scores for immediate memory and language in fully adjusted models with corresponding βs-2.71 (95%CI -5.06 to-0.36; p=0.024) and-2.48 (95%CI -4.87 to-0.08; p=0.043). Association between SO and reduced MMSE score was similarly observed. The prevalence of SO in Asians with T2D is relatively high. There is consistent and independent association of SO with reduced cognitive performance, especially in domains of memory and language, which may impair complex executive function such as adherence to diabetes self-care management.

MON-PO411: Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity Among Mexican non Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients

MON-PO411: Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity Among Mexican non Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients

Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in adults with end-stage knee osteoarthritis

To identify the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, a phenotype of low muscle mass and high adiposity, in adults with end-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). Various diagnostic criteria, including assessment of muscle/fat mass, muscle strength and physical function, were used to identify patients with and without sarcopenic obesity, and to compare outcomes of pain, function and quality of life. Cross-sectional clinical study including adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30kg/m2 and knee OA. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Assessments included gait speed, handgrip strength, six minute walk test, and self-reported pain, physical function, and health-related quality of life using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and EuroQol Foundation (EQ-5D). 151 adults (59% female) aged 65.1±7.9 years, mean BMI 37.1±5.5kg/m2, were included. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity using diagnostic cut-offs of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) relevant to height2, weight and BMI varied from 1.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2-4.7%) to 14.6% (9.4-21.2%) and 27.2% (20.2-35%), respectively. A combined diagnostic approach including low ASM with either low strength or low function yielded a prevalence of 8.6% (4.7-14.3%). Sarcopenic obesity influenced walking speed, endurance, strength, and patient-reported difficulty with self-care activities, regardless of diagnostic approach. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity varied depending on diagnostic criteria. Given the impact of this condition and OA on physical function, we suggest a combined diagnostic approach be used to clarify expected prevalence and enable early clinical identification and management of sarcopenic obesity in patients with knee OA.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a risk factor for sarcopenic obesity: a case control study

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in young women and increases risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease, and infertility. Women with PCOS share many characteristics commonly associated with aging including chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, which may be associated with “sarcopenic obesity”, a term used to describe low appendicular skeletal muscle mass relative to total body mass. The purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in women with PCOS. We hypothesized there would be a high prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, and that % appendicular skeletal muscle mass and markers of inflammation and insulin resistance would be inversely correlated in this population.MethodsDual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess body composition in 68 women with PCOS aged 18-35y and 60 healthy age-matched women from the same geographic area. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as having % appendicular skeletal muscle mass 2 standard deviations below the mean for the healthy age-matched controls and a % body fat above 35%. Data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U-tests and Spearman correlations.Results53% of women with PCOS were classified as sarcopenic obese. Women with PCOS had a median (interquartile range) appendicular skeletal muscle mass of 23.8 (22.3–25.8)% which was lower than the control median of 30.4 (28.6–32.4)% (p < 0.0001). Among women with PCOS, there were negative correlations between % appendicular skeletal muscle mass and the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (r = − 0.409; p < 0.01), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (r = − 0.608; p < 0.0001) and glycosylated hemoglobin (r = − 0.430; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, % appendicular skeletal muscle mass correlated positively with vitamin D (r = 0.398; p < 0.0001) in women with PCOS, which is thought to positively affect skeletal muscle mass.ConclusionsWomen with PCOS have a high prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, which is correlated to insulin resistance and inflammation.