Prevalence Of Road Traffic Accidents Research Articles

Road traffic accidents and the contributing factors among drivers of public transportation in Mizan Aman town, Ethiopia: a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Traffic accidents on the road is an accident is a terrible accident that causes death, injury, and property damage. However, limited studies were addressed to investigate the prevalence of traffic accidents on the road and the contributing factors among drivers that help in developing strategies to cop-up the incidence within the research domain in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of road traffic accidents and the contributing factors among drivers of public transportation in Mizan Aman town, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional survey was employed among 376 drivers of public transportation. Every research subject was selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Semi-structured and open-ended questionnaires which comprised demographic characteristics, risky personal behaviors and lifestyles, driver's factors, vehicle condition, and environmental conditions were used to gather data. And then after, data was collected through interviewer-administered using KoBo Collect tools. Completed data were edited and cleaned in the Kobo collect toolbox and then exported for additional analysis to a statistical tool for social science statistics version 26. The descriptive statistics were displayed as figures, tables, and texts. Binary logistic regression was analyzed to identify the contributing factors. Statistically significant was decided with a p-value of ≤ 0.05. The results showed that the prevalence of road traffic accidents among drivers of public transportation in Mizan Aman town was 17%. The study identified factors influencing traffic accidents on the roads including marital status (being single), employee condition (permanent), monthly income (1001-2500 Ethiopia Birr), alcohol use, vehicle maintenance (not), road type (non-asphalt), and weather conditions (being windy). The overall prevalence of road traffic accidents among drivers of public transportation in Mizan Aman town was relatively low. Despite this, sociodemographic characteristics, driver factors, vehicle conditions, and environmental conditions [road type and weather conditions] were the predicting factors of traffic accidents in town. Therefore, reduction strategies should be the highest priority duty for concerned bodies like Mizan Aman town road and transport office, Bench Sheko zone transport and logistics office, and Southwest Ethiopia People Regional State (SWEPRS) transport bureau in the study area.

Application of a time series to analyse the evaluation of road traffic accidents in Slovakia

Road traffic accidents represent an important part of the road traffic system. In many cases, they may lead not only to damage to vehicles and property, but also serious injuries or even death of road traffic participants. The prevalence of road traffic accidents and the related fatality rates in a country is a significant indicator of the maturity of that country and its inhabitants. The purpose of this article was to review the prevalence of road traffic accidents and fatality rates in the Slovak Republic over the period from 2009 to 2022. The analysis was conducted by applying basic statistical methods and a time series analysis (exponential smoothing method – ETS). The ETS is a method used for forecasting a time series univariate. The focus of this method is on three time series components (error E, trend T and seasonal S), while defining how the individual components interact. The results of the analysis indicated a positive, i.e. a falling trend in road traffic accident rates, according to the numbers of persons killed/injured in road traffic accidents in Slovakia. Compared to 2009, in 2020 there was a decrease in the number of road traffic accidents by almost 54%. In 2022, the number of fatalities decreased by almost 30% compared to those in 2009. The modelling also involved a forecast of the number of persons killed/injured in road traffic accidents for a period of 5 years.

Prevalence of road traffic accidents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: At the beginning of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the world closed their centers and imposed restrictions on urban and interurban traffic. This situation had a significant impact on the occurrence of road traffic accidents. The present systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence of road accidents during the COVID-19 implemented lockdowns. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instructions. Two independent reviewers screened articles based on the inclusion criteria for the review and eligible studies for methodological quality using an appropriate appraisal checklist based on the study type. The statistical analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Considering the heterogeneity among studies, a random effect model was adopted to estimate the pooled effect with 95% CI for binary outcomes. Results: The initial search of databases yielded 849 potentially relevant articles, of which, 44 studies were included in this systematic review and of them, 36 were considered for metaanalysis. The random effect model showed an overall prevalence of injury before the lockdown of 24.9% (95% confidence interval: 20.0%-30.5%). Also, the prevalence of injury during the COVID-19 lockdown was 18.8% (95% CI: 14.7%-23.6%). Begg and Mazumdar’s correlation found no publication bias in the meta-analysis. Conclusion: Road traffic injuries, as one of the main causes of death worldwide, took on a new face with the advent of COVID-19. We have found that there is a relatively high prevalence of road traffic accidents before COVID-19 compared to pandemic period.

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident (RTA) Cases Attends in Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital

Background: Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) remain a critical global issue, inflicting significant human and economic tolls annually. These unfortunate occurrences not only claim lives but also inflict severe injuries, disabilities, and impose substantial social and economic hardships on the communities affected. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the evaluate the prevalence of Road Traffic Accident cases attend in Emergency Department of a Tertiary hospital. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out at tertiary medical college and hospital from January’22 to June’23. While using systematic sampling technique, a total of 148 RTA cases were registered for the study. The cases or their attendants after obtaining informed and written consent were interviewed by using a semi structured questionnaire. Results: Throughout the study, the male population was the predominant demographic, and most patients (39.19%) fell within the above 40 age category. Among those above 40, 29.73% were male, while 9.45% were female. The prevailing injuries consisted of fractures and dislocations, affecting 42.58% of the total cases. Additionally, 29.05% of patients suffered solely from soft tissue injuries, and 19.59% endured head injuries. A smaller subset (7.43%) faced both soft tissue injuries and fractures, while only 1.35% experienced spinal cord injuries. The accidents were most commonly associated with CNG vehicles (28.38%), followed by auto rickshaws/vans (15.54%), bicycles (8.78%), and incidents during road crossings (9.46%). The management approach was personalized, with surgical intervention being the primary requirement in the majority of cases, while ICU support was needed for only a fraction of the patients. Conclusion: Based on our study findings, it is evident that fractures and dislocations were the most common injuries observed in road accident patients. The prominent sources of road accidents were CNG vehicles and motorcycles. Considering .....

Prevalence and factors associated with ever had road traffic accidents among drivers in Hargeisa city, Somaliland, 2022

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major cause of morbidity in Somaliland. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with traffic-related incidents in Hargeisa city. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2022, utilizing a mixed approach involving quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Key informant interviews were conducted with 15 government officials, and structured questionnaires were administered to 387 drivers. Cluster sampling and purposive sampling were employed to select drivers and government officials, respectively. Data collection was performed using the Kobo Collect application, followed by cleaning and analysis using IBM SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and chi-square tests were utilized for data analysis. The findings revealed an increasing trend of RTAs in Somaliland over the past 11 years (2011–2021). Moreover, the prevalence of RTAs in the past two years alone was determined to be 28.17% (CI: 23.67, 32.63). Factors significantly associated with RTAs in the research area included the type of vehicle, particularly Minibus (AOR = 3.249, CI: 1.022, 10.322) and Vitz (AOR = 2.325, CI: 1.092, 5.494), encountering aggressive behavior from other drivers (AOR = 1.790, CI: 1.013, 3.162), vehicles less than 4 years (AOR = 0.446, CI: 0.258, 0.771), traffic law violations (AOR = 2.726, CI: 1.296, 5.735), and the presence of traffic campaigns (AOR = 0.465, CI: 0.236, 0.917). The study recommends increasing awareness of RTAs among drivers and pedestrians, regular vehicle maintenance checks, enforcement of traffic laws, and increased police presence in road management to reduce fatalities associated with RTAs.

Road Traffic Accidents among Patients Visiting Department of Emergency of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Road Traffic Accidents, are one of the major neglected global health burdens which are predicted to be the 7th leading cause of global deaths by 2030 as per the World Health Organization hence, seem to be one of the major global threats in near future. Most road traffic accidents affect the most vulnerable age groups in developing countries. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of road traffic accidents among patients visiting the Department of Emergency of a tertiary care centre. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the department of emergency of a tertiary care centre from 16 September 2022 to 15 October 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: IRC-DMCRI: 307/079/080). All the road traffic accidents cases recorded in the Emergency Department from 14 April 2021 to 13 April 2022 were taken. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Among 29735 patients, the prevalence of road traffic accidents was 1340 (4.50%) (4.26-4.74, 95% Confidence Interval). Among these, 1037 (77.4%) were male and 303 (22.6%) were female. Road traffic accidents among two-wheelers were 1065 (79.48%) followed by pedestrian 703 (52.46%). Mangsir witness the higher number of cases, 137 (13.90%) followed by Kartik, 170 (12.69%). The prevalence of road traffic accidents was similar to other studies done in similar settings. In our study, young people of highly productive and active age groups were the most common victims. emergencies; prevalence; traffic accidents.

Road Traffic Accident among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Road traffic accidents are a public health problem and have emerged as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Head is the most commonly affected site of road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of road traffic accidents among patients presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care centre. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Emergency Department from 12 January 2022 to 14 June 2022. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: COMSTH-IRC/2021-171). Data was collected using a self-structure questionnaire and from emergency tickets. A convenience sampling method was used. Point prevalence and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Among 7654 patients, the prevalence of road traffic accidents was found to be 734 (9.58%) (8.49-10.66, 95% Confidence Interval). Most of the accidents took place on Friday 139 (18.94%). The majority of them were soft tissue injuries 279 (38.01%). The prevalence of road traffic accidents was found to be higher compared to similar studies done in similar settings. Accident preventive strategies should be focused on and implemented by all the stakeholders. emergencies; mortality; soft tissue injury; traffic accidents.

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Outcome among Patients Admitted at Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency and Trauma (AaBET) Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Introduction : Road Traffic Accident is an incident on a way or street open to public traffic that becomes one of the most significant public health problems in the world particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, Road Traffic Accident is the major public health problem even though studies indicate the prevalence and management outcomes among these victims are limited. Objectives : To assess the prevalence and management outcomes among road traffic accident victims who attended emergency department of AaBET (Addis Ababa burn Emergency and Trauma) Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods : Hospital based retrospective cross sectional study design was implemented among Patients attending to AaBET Hospital based on patients' record review for one year (from January 1 to December 30, 2021). Records of patients were reviewed until the calculated minimum sample size (399) attained. Simple random sampling technique was applied to recruit the records. Result : Among a total of 385 trauma victims visited the hospital, the most commonly affected age group were between 26-30 years old, accounting for 68 (17.7%) followed by age ˂13 years 67 (17.4%). This study also identified 269 (69.9%) of victims were male and 116 (30.1%) were female. Regarding pattern of injury, musculoskeletal fracture was the most frequent type of injury (39.2%). one-third (31%) of them sustained severe injury that urged them to seek intensive surgical management. Regarding mechanism of injury, 45% of the victims reported that they hit by another vehicle. 43.5 % of the victims injured were pedestrians. Regarding management given at ED, almost half (47.5%) of the victims received wound care and about 23.4% of them were given anti- pain and resuscitation, respectively. Among 252 victims who admitted in AaBET hospital about 87% of patients admitted to surgical and orthopedic wards received surgical type of treatment. Conclusion: From foregoing it is evident that RTA requires proper traffic management; and the mortality and disability from RTA can be minimized by appropriately identifying the priority patient and giving appropriate intervention promptly. Keywords: AaBET, Accident, Emergency, Hospital, Road Traffic DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/102-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2022

Demographic factors, patterns, and trends of deaths following road traffic accidents in the northern Sri Lanka

This study aimed to understand the prevalence of road traffic accident (RTA)-related death in the northern province of Sri Lanka, exploring the demography, vehicle involved, and hospital admission.A Hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study done and data were collected retrospectively from 210 autopsies and case notes at Teaching hospital Jaffna.Motorbike riders were more vulnerable, with an incidence of 55.2%. Age above 61 years contributed significantly to death after hospitalization with a P-value of < 0.005. The influence of alcohol at the time of the incident markedly contributed to the loss of life before hospital admission.In conclusion the motorcycles were deemed to contribute to the mortality and alcohol influence and age contributing to the pre-and post-hospitalization deaths, respectively.

Motorization Rate Resulting in a Road Traffic Accident an Epidemiological Audit of Injuries and Factors in the Medium-Scaled Cities of Punjab, Pakistan

Background: Motor vehicles are increasing exponentially day by day all over the world with a global increasing prevalence of road traffic accidents. This situation of mass motorization has affected developing countries like Pakistan as well. Due to a lack of popper legislation and implementation of the law, the RTA situation is worse and requires proper research of epidemiological factors and medico-legal evaluation of injuries. Purpose: To see the pattern of RTA injuries and various epidemiological factors influencing them in the medium-scaled city like Sargodha, Gujranwala, Sialkot, and Gujarat Punjab, Pakistan. Study design: It is a retrospective study to evaluate and assess the pattern, severity, and epidemiological factors concerning RTA injuries and their medico-legal relationship during four years period from 2016 to 2019 in the medium-scaled cities of Punjab, Pakistan. Nearly 300 cases were selected to get information on predesigned Performa from Hospital records of DHQ Teaching Hospitals of Sargodha, Gujranwala, Sialkot, and Gujarat. Method and materials: After collecting data on designed Performa, the information was collected about epidemiological factors, type of injuries, the pattern of injury, outcome of injury, and medico-legal outcome for furthering justice. A descriptive statistical method was applied for the analysis and evaluation of collected data. Furthermore, standard deviation, F-statistics, and Chitest p-value were also applied to see the association of epidemiological factors with RTA injuries. Results: In a total of 300 cases of road traffic accidents, the average age was found 28.5years of age with gender male in most of the cases (86%). The 15-35 years age group was identified in more than 70 % of cases with the majority of accidents being motorcyclists with pillion riders and pedestrians. The majority of victims suffered RTA injuries while crossing the roads and constituted 30.66 % of all the cases followed by the victims passing by the side of roads with 24 %. The head and neck injuries were the most affected in most of these cases followed by extremities injuries. Conclusion: Motorcyclists with pillion riders were mostly involved in road traffic accidents. Males in the age group 20-30 years were the most affected victims being the socially active age group involved in motoring. The grievous and life-threatening injuries are increasing resulting in a very high rate of mortality and morbidity in society. The study suggests strict legislation and proper implementation of health and safety measures to avoid high RTA rates. Keywords: Motorization, RTA, automobile accidents, grievous injuries, health & safety measures.

English

Road traffic accidents are frequent in Kindia. Information from police records is insufficient, hospital data are available but not thoroughly analyzed and previous studies are incomplete. We decided to supplement these previous studies with an in-depth analysis of the available data in order to guide appropriate actions. We conducted a cross-sectional study. We used survey of data from 2012 to 2016. We collected socio-demographic, clinical information and the circumstances of the accident through a documentary review. We analyzed the data using Excel 2010 and Epi Info 7.2.  Proportions and median were calculated. The prevalence of road traffic accidents was 3.31%. The 15-30 age group was most commonly affected (46.98%) with a median of 24 years. Men were the majority (66.23%) and informal employees represented 51.68%. These accidents victims came from the urban area (77.58%). Accidents occurred generally between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. (42.63). Motorcycles were mostly used (65.52%), main lesions were bruises (47.3%) largely in the lower limbs (38.3%). Lethality was 1.65%. Young adults were the most exposed and the informal sector remained the most widespread. Accidents occurred between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. Preventive actions should focus on these exposures. Key words: Epidemiology, casualties, public road, Kindia, 2012-2016.

Risk factors of road traffic accidents in Rural and Urban areas of indonesia based on the national survey of year 2018.

Indonesia has a large population with a large number of motorised vehicles, so it cannot be separated from traffic accidents. This study aimed to determine and analyse the advanced level risk factors for road traffic accidents (RTA) in rural and urban areas based on data from the Basic Health Research 2018 (Riskesdas). This study used Riskesdas data sourced from the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, which was collected from 34 provinces in Indonesia using a cross-sectional method. The statistical data consisted of 59,423 respondents aged over 15 years old, who had experienced a road traffic injury and lived in rural or urban areas. The data variables analysis was socio-demographic, lifestyle, smoking status, alcohol consumption, mental disorders, nutritional status and use of helmets on motorcycle riders and passengers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the most dominant risk factors related to RTA in rural and urban areas. The prevalence of RTA in urban areas was 34.1%, while in rural areas was 28.2%. The factors related to traffic accidents in respondents from urban areas (P < 0.005) were sex (1.342 [1.217-1.480]), age (1.111 [1.067-1.156]) and use of helmets on motorcycle riders and passengers (0.662 [0.566-0.771]). Meanwhile, risk factors for respondents from rural areas (P < 0.005) were mental disorders (0.842 [0.743-0.955]), age (1.095 [1.040-1.154]) and use of helmets on motorcycle riders and passengers (0.682 [0.585-0.796]). We found that the prevalence of RTA in urban areas was higher than in rural areas. The dominant risk factors related to RTA in Indonesia were age, sex, mental disorders and the use of helmets on motorcycle riders and passengers. This finding supports the importance of road safety education and the prevention of RTA needs to be done both in urban and rural areas.

Road Traffic Accidents Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Road Traffic Accidents have emerged as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The burden of road traffic accidents has escalated gradually in Nepal and is a common cause of injury and trauma. The study aims to identify the prevalence of road traffic accidents in the emergency department. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital records of cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care hospital between March to August, 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the ethical review board of College of Medical Sciences (reference number: 2020-035). Information was collected through pro-forma and hospital records. Convenience sampling was done. The data were entered in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 and analysed using descriptive statistics. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Among 4050 cases presenting to the emergency department, 228 (5.6%) (4.9-6.3 at 95% Confidence Interval) cases of road traffic accidents were seen. The most common injuries involved were soft tissue injury 90 (39.47%) and head injury 77 (33.77%). Most patients admitted to the hospital were male 178 (78.07%) aged 21 to 30 years 79 (41.38%). The vehicles mostly involved in the accidents were motorized two-wheelers 120 (50.6%) and pedestrians 51 (22.4%). The prevalence of road traffic accidents was similar to the findings from similar studies. Strengthening the capacities of the pre-hospital care and emergency department is necessary along with preventive intervention in public to reduce such health burden.

Use of prehospital, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in road traffic injury victims in Brazil.

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence and analyze the association between sociodemographic and behavioral variables with the use of prehospital care, hospitalization and sequelae and/or disability in victims of road traffic accidents victims in Brazil.MethodsData from the National Health Survey conducted in 2013 in Brazil were used. Data were collected through a direct household survey. The research sample consisted of 1,840 individuals who reported road traffic accidents in the previous 12 months. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with the use of prehospital care services, hospitalization, and the presence of sequelae and/or disability.ResultsThe prevalence of road traffic accidents victims who received prehospital care was 13.0% (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 10.3–16.3) and the factors associated with this outcome were: residing in the Northeast or North region of Brazil; residing in rural areas; and being a motorcycle occupant at the moment of the road traffic accident. The frequency of hospitalization was 7.7% (95% CI: 6.0–10.0) and the associated factors were: age between 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant or pedestrian and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident. The prevalence of sequelae and/or disability was 15.1% (95% CI: 12.5–18.2) and the associated factors were: age range between 30 and 39 years or 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant, being a pedestrian or belonging to other category of modes of transport and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident.ConclusionThe study allowed to evaluate the factors associated with prehospital care, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in the victims of road traffic accident and the results can guide the implementation of interventions that prioritize the population exposed to the highest risk of road traffic accident injuries and with less access to prehospital and hospital care services in Brazil.

Epidemiological Study On the Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Associated Risk Factors Among Drivers in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Epidemiological Study On the Prevalence of Road Traffic Accident and Associated Risk Factors Among Drivers in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Prevalence of road traffic accident and associated risk factors among drivers of three and four-wheeler vehicles, western Ethiopia, 2017

Background: Nowadays, worldwide road traffic-related injuries, disabilities, and deaths are becoming a major public health threat. It is projected that by the year 2020, road traffic injuries are becoming the third-largest cause of disabilities in the world. More than 85% of the world’s road fatalities are attributed to developing countries. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of road traffic accident and associated factors among drivers of three and four-wheeled vehicles in East Wollega, Western Ethiopia 2017. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was employed to gather information from 400 drivers of three and four-wheeled vehicles from February to March 2017. Data were entered into Epi info version 3.5.3, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. Statistical significance was declared at P-value 0.05. Result: The data were collected from 400 drivers making response rate of 94.6%. The mean age of the study participants was 28.4±4.3. About one third (33%) of the drivers encountered an accident in the last one year. Living in urban (AOR=0.29, 95% CI [.09-.095]), Age of respondents 25-34 years (AOR=2.58, 95 %CI [1.46-4.54]) &amp; &gt;=35 years (AOR=2.53, 95%CI [1.20-5.33], sometimes angry(AOR=0.40, 95% CI [0.21- 0.77], don’t angry at all (AOR=0.26, 95% CI [0.11- 0.60], Mobile speaking habit while driving (AOR=1.67, 95% CI [1.21- 2.74]), driving on straight road (AOR=0.5, 95% CI [0.31-0.78]) and being penalized (AOR= 1.89, 95% CI [1.18-3.06],) were among factors associated with road traffic accident. Conclusion: The prevalence of road traffic accident revealed in this study is a public health significance. The most perceived cause of road traffic accidents mentioned was an overcrowded road which is shared by drivers, pedestrians, and animals. Therefore, it is better if the zonal and town transport agency office work on the management of road traffic utilization and continuously follow the driver’s behaviors.

Important Aspects of Human Behavior in Road Traffic Accidents

AbstractWorldwide road traffic accidents have been increasing. Human behaviors and environmental factors are often responsible for such events. This being a serious public health concern, public health interventions are needed to minimize the rate of road traffic accidents. We aimed to identify broader human behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and environmental factors associated with the risk of road traffic accidents. We searched for the relevant studies in electronic database including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and World Health Organization global health library. In addition, a manual search was also performed. Findings from scientific literature were presented in a summative form. Young age, male gender, speed, influence of substance, use of mobile phone, driving experience, temperament, attitude, aggression, stress, anxiety, emotionality, fatigue, lack of sleep, and road conditions were found closely associated with a risk of road traffic accidents. Despite having substantial driving training and ability to handling motor vehicles, professional drivers such as bus and taxi drivers are very vulnerable to road traffic accidents. This study reports that the increasing prevalence of road traffic accidents can be addressed significantly by applying behavior change theories. The health belief model was found useful in promoting safer driving.

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accidents and Associated Factors in Chuko Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2017

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accidents and Associated Factors in Chuko Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2017

Survey on the Causes of Road Traffic Accidents in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Background: Due to the stability and economic development in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, increase in the number of traffic crashes has been one of the serious challenges that local authorities have faced with. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of road traffic accidents (RTAs), road traffic injuries (RTIs), and their causes in Sulaimaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted based on the data collected from the Health Directorate/ MOH and the Traffic Department/ Ministry of Interior in Sulaimaniyah. A questionnaire was also used to collect required data from RTA casualties who were admitted to Sulaimaniyah Main Emergency Hospital during a 6-month period from January first till the end of June 2014. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Based on the results obtained from Sulaimaniyah Main Emergency Hospital, there were 251 RTA victims in 2014 within the age range of 1 to 81 years. Moreover, RTAs led to the death of 270 and 280 individuals in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The main causes of RTAs were respectively over speeding (33%), the sudden appearance of a vehicle (13.9%), and vehicle slip (10.4%), speeding (48.7%), followed by drowsiness of the drivers (36.9%), and drunken driving (5.6%). Conclusion: In order to reduce RTAs, the overall quality of roads, quality of cars, and general driving skills should be improved. Moreover, for decreasing the rate of crashes inside the city, public transport modes such as tram or train should be prepared.

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accidents, and Associated Factors among Taxi Drivers in Jigjiga Town, Ethiopian Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Road Traffic Accidents, and Associated Factors among Taxi Drivers in Jigjiga Town, Ethiopian Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia