Prevalence Of Poor Sleep Quality Research Articles

Sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest, Ethiopia.

BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among nurses. This problem possibly results in negative emotional and psychological consequences in nurses which secondary affect their work performances. However, in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of information about poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 nurses who worked at University of Gondar (UOG), Tibebe Ghion, Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia, who were incorporated into the study through a simple random sampling technique from 1 May to 2 June 2021. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) with a cut score of above 5 was used to assess sleep quality using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Other tools used are Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), Shift Work sleep disorders (SWSD), and Oslo-3 social support scales. Epi-Data version 3.1 was used for data entry and SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables that have a significant association with poor sleep quality among nurse professionals. The degree of association was assessed using an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a two-tailed p-value of <0.05.ResultsA total of 510 nurses were included in the study with a response rate of 94%. The study showed that the overall prevalence of poor sleep quality among nurses was 75.5% (95% CI (71.8, 79.1). Being female (AOR = 1.72:95% CI = 1.19, 2.28), depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.24:95% CI = 1.24, 3.85), anxiety symptoms (AOR = 2.12: 95% CI = 1.23, 3.62), stress (AOR = 2.85: 95% CI = 1.67, 4.82) and current alcohol drinking (AOR = 1.84 :95% CI = 1.27, 3.13) were significantly associated with poor sleep quality.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of poor sleep quality among nurses was high. Being female, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress, and current alcohol drinking had been significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Therefore, it is essential to institute effective intervention strategies emphasizing contributing factors to poor sleep quality.

24-hour urinary potassium excretion is negatively associated with self-reported sleep quality in the general population, independently of sleep-disordered breathing.

To investigate the association of 24-hour urinary potassium excretion with self-reported sleep quality in the general population. In this cross-sectional study, a population of patients aged 18 years or older was randomly selected from Xinjiang, China in 2019, 24-hour urine samples collected, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires assessed. Participants were divided into 2 groups (upper and lower median of 24-hour urinary potassium excretion). Poor sleep quality was defined as PSQI global score ≥ 6. Associations between 24-hour urinary potassium excretion and [24.8 mmol/L] sleep quality were assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis in total participants and those stratified by sex. In total, 24-hour urine samples were collected from 1,147 participants, of whom data for those with complete urine samples and PSQI data were analyzed (n = 727; mean age = 48.7 years; percentage of women = 62%). Compared with the upper median group for 24-hour urinary potassium excretion, the lower median group showed a significantly higher PSQI global score (6 vs 5, P = .011), and prevalence of poor sleep quality (51.7% vs 42.2%, P = .011). In a fully-adjusted model of multivariate logistic regression, the lower median group showed 1.50-fold increased odds for presence of poor sleep quality (95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.24, P = .045). Sex-specific analyses translated these results to women, but not to men. These results suggest that low potassium intake, indicated by lower potassium excretion, is associated with poor sleep quality in the general population, especially among women. Therefore, additional research is necessary to clarify the effect of increasing potassium intake to improve sleep quality. Li M, Heizhati M, Wang L, etal. 24-hour urinary potassium excretion is negatively associated with self-reported sleep quality in the general population, independently of sleep-disordered breathing. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(11):2589-2596.

The Impact of Duty Hour Limits on Sleep Quality of Resident: A Cross-sectional Study.

ObjectivesResident physicians are particularly prone to sleep disturbance due to long shift hours and excessive workload. Despite the numerous measures undertaken to improve their wellbeing, it is still unknown if limiting the work shift duration would improve sleep quality. We sought to compare sleep quality, anxiety, and depression before and after implementing duty hour limits. We also aim to evaluate how satisfaction with life is related to sleep quality, anxiety, and depression.MethodsWe used a self-reported questionnaire to obtain data about sleep quality, anxiety, and depression using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) scales, respectively. Using data from a previous study, we compared those parameters before and after implementing duty hour reduction across several specialties at King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan. Furthermore, we investigated residents’ life satisfaction using the Satisfaction with Life Scale.ResultsOne hundred and eighty residents filled the questionnaire (median age = 26.5 years). Males reported higher rates of poor sleep quality while females had higher rates of anxiety and depression. Decreasing the duration of on-call shifts from 32 to 24 hours decreased the prevalence of poor sleep quality from 91.5% to 83.2% (p = 0.038), and smoking rates decreased from 30.4% to 12.5% (p < 0.001). More than six on-calls per month were associated with poorer quality of sleep. Night float shifts significantly decreased rates of moderate and severe PHQ-4 scores (p < 0.001). In addition, 63.3% of residents were satisfied with life. Life satisfaction was associated with enhanced sleep quality and lower PHQ-4 scores (p = 0.007 and p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsOptimizing shift scheduling and duration can positively influence rates of sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and smoking. More interventions should be tackled along with duty hour limits to optimize residents’ life satisfaction.

Fruit and vegetable intake and incident and persistent poor sleep quality in a rural ageing population in South Africa: longitudinal study.

Fruit and vegetable intake may improve sleep. To assess the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and sleep quality in a longitudinal study. We analysed longitudinal data from two consecutive population surveys of adults in Agincourt, South Africa (2014-2015 and 2018-2019). In total, 331 of 2975 participants without poor sleep quality in Wave 1 (11.1%) had incident poor sleep quality in Wave 2, and 270 of 3546 participants who had poor sleep quality in Wave 1 (7.6%) had poor sleep quality in both Waves 1 and 2 (persistent poor sleep quality). The prevalence of poor sleep quality at baseline was 17.2%. In the fully adjusted model for people without poor sleep quality at baseline, higher fruit and vegetable consumption (≥5 servings/day) was positively associated with incident poor sleep quality among men (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.51-2.01) but not among women (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.78-1.46). Two or more servings of fruits were positively associated with incident poor sleep quality among men (AOR = 3.35, 95% CI 1.96-5.72) and among women (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.15-2.94). No models among men and women showed a significant association between vegetable intake and incident poor sleep quality or between fruit and vegetable intake, vegetable intake and persistent poor sleep quality. Fruit intake (one serving) was positively associated with persistent poor sleep quality among men (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.00-3.08) but not among women (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI 0.93-2.18). Higher fruit and vegetable intake was independently associated with poorer sleep quality among men but not women, and higher fruit but not vegetable intake was associated with poorer sleep quality among both men and women.

Impaired sleep quality in children with allergic conjunctivitis and their parents.

To investigate the sleep quality in children with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and their parents. Prospective, case-controlled study. Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, a tertiary referral centre. Participants comprised 73 children aged 4-12 years with AC and their parents, and 81 healthy, age-matched children who served as controls and their parents. General information was recorded and ocular manifestations of children with AC were scored. Sleep quality of the children and parents were assessed using Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Children with AC and their parents had reduced sleep quality (Children's CSHQ: 48.3 ± 6.55 vs. 38.8 ± 4.63; Parental PSQI: 5.62 ± 2.12 vs. 3.40 ± 1.90, both p < 0.001) and significantly higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (CSHQ ≥ 41 in Children: 89.0% vs. 23.5%; PSQI > 7 in Parents: 18.5% vs. 1.23%, both p < 0.001). Children with AC scored worse on subcomponents of CSHQ including sleep onset delay, sleep duration, parasomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. Parents scored worse on subscores of PSQI including sleep duration, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime sleepiness. Poor sleep quality in children with AC was associated with follicle formation (OR:3.95; 95% CI: 1.88-8.31, p < 0.001) and keratitis (OR:6.03; 95% CI: 1.29-28.3, p = 0.028). Parental poor sleep quality was associated with follicle formation (OR:7.14; 95% CI: 2.06-24.8, p = 0.002) and keratitis (OR:4.49; 95% CI: 1.27-15.9, p = 0.020) in children. AC has a negative association with sleep quality in children and their parents, especially in those children with severe follicle formation and keratitis. Chictr.org.cn, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=43511 , ChiCTR1900027486. Allergic conjunctivitis is a frequently encountered problem diagnosed and managed by ophthalmologists, paediatricians, allergists, and primary care physicians and has become a major public health issue. Sleep is crucial for learning and effective development in children. Our study discovered a strong association between these two conditions. This is the first study to evaluate the association of allergic conjunctivitis and sleep quality in children and their parents. This case-controlled study found that allergic conjunctivitis had a negative impact on sleep quality not only for children but also for their parents. The findings of this study suggest a multifaceted impact of AC with sleep quality; detailed assessment of sleep quality for improved care of paediatric patients with allergic conjunctivitis would be useful.

Poor Sleep Quality and Factors Among Reproductive-Age Women in Southwest Ethiopia.

BackgroundAdequate sleep is vital for physical and mental wellbeing. Sleep-related problems including poor quality of sleep have been increasing throughout the world among reproductive-aged women. Poor sleep quality has been related with number of diseases and health problems However, evidences are scarce regarding poor sleep quality and its associated factors among women of the reproductive age group in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo assess sleep quality and associated factors among women of reproductive age group in Mizan Aman town, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodCommunity-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 606 reproductive-aged women from 06 November to 20 December 2020, in Mizan Aman town. Data were collected using structured interview administered questionnaires. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. Multivariable logistic regression was applied using an adjusted odds ratio with a corresponding 95% confidence interval to evaluate the statistical significance of associated factors.ResultThe overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 71.3%. The late age group of 42–49 (AOR, 95% CI; 1.21 (1.08–5.76), palpable/visible thyroid gland (AOR, 95% CI; 2. 12 (1.08–3.82), current substance use (AOR, 95% CI; 1.76 (1.11–6.10) and having premenstrual syndrome (AOR, 95% CI; 1.86 (1.38–3.12) were significantly associated with poor sleep quality among reproductive age group women.ConclusionSignificant majority of reproductive age group women faced poor sleep quality. Therefore, screening of sleep patterns among this particular age group is warranted. Moreover, education about sleep hygiene needs to be given considering the identified factors to improve sleep quality.

Sleep quality and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending a chronic follow up care clinic in northwest Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.

Sleep plays an essential role in every individual's life since it contributes greatly to their well-being and health. Poor sleep quality is one of the most common consequences of hypertension (HTN), which is a leading public health problem. In Ethiopia, it is the main health concern among hypertension patients. Thus, in the study area, there is limited information regarding the investigation of sleep quality among hypertension patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess sleep quality and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending a chronic follow up care clinic in northwest Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult HTN patients from March 15/2021 to May 15/2021 in Northwest Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire with chart review was used. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for assessing sleep quality was used in this study. A binary logistic regression was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. Variables having a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% CI were considered statistically significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. In this study, 563 hypertensive patients were included, with a response rate of 96.9%. The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 37.7% (95% CI: 33.4%-41.6%). Female gender (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.55-4.18), age ≥ 65 years (AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: 2.07-7.97), overweight (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06-2.65), WHO stage II hypertension (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI:1.01-3.12), poor physical activity (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI:1.41-4.05), participants who had depression (AOR = 2.03,95% CI:1.24-3.34) and participants who had anxiety (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.16-3.03) were factors associated with poor sleep quality. In this study, more than one-third of the study participants had poor sleep quality. Female gender, age ≥ 65 years, overweight (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, stage II hypertension, physical inactivity, depression, and anxiety were all associated with poor sleep quality. Managing depression and anxiety disorders, encouraging physical activity, and providing health education about weight loss are all necessary for HTN patients.

The prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome in diabetic patients treated with cyanoacrylate glue for varicose veins.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and to describe its predictors in diabetic patients having chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins treated with cyanoacrylate glue. This single-center, prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2018 and March 2021. A total of 103 patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic venous insufficiency (CEAP classification at stages C3-C6) treated with cyanoacrylate glue for varicose veins were recruited. A questionnaire form, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Berlin Questionnaire, and Diagnostic Criteria for Restless Legs Syndrome were used for data collection. A Doppler USG assessment was performed in the first clinical examination. Almost half of the participants had had diabetes mellitus for 10years or more, and 52% had good glucose control. Among the study sample, 61% were poor sleepers, 47% of the participants were RLS positive, and 51% had a high risk of sleep apnea. RLS, HbA1c, and dressing at home had positive associations with poor sleep quality (p < 0.05) on the fifth day after the peripheral embolization. One month after the operation, participants had better sleep quality; however, there were no statistically significant differences between the assessments of RLS and the risk of OSA compared to the fifth day after the operation (p > 0.05). This prospective study showed that restless legs syndrome, a high level of HbA1c, and dressed injection area of the skin are associated with poor sleep quality in patientswith diabetes having chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins treated with cyanoacrylate glue. Additionally, participants had better sleep quality 1month after the peripheral embolization compared to the fifth day after the operation.

Burnout and sleep quality among community health workers during the pandemic in selected city of Andhra Pradesh

BackgroundThis pandemic has resulted in physical and emotional exhaustion among everyone, especially among community healthcare workers (CHWs), resulting in increased burnout and poor sleep quality. This pandemic has increased responsibilities for Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers and Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) at the grassroots. Previous studies have shown that infectious diseases like SARS and MERS directly affect sleep. With the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout and poor sleep among healthcare workers are expected to increase. AimTo determine the prevalence of burnout and sleep quality among community health workers Settingsand Design: This Cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2020 in Urban Primary Health care centres of Guntur city, Andhra Pradesh. Methods and materialCopenhagen Burnout Inventory scale (CBI) with a 5-point Likert scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Questionnaire were used among four hundred and ten study participants. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used; a p-value of ≤0.05 is considered significant. ResultsThe prevalence of personal burnout was 16.8%, while work-related and pandemic-related burnouts were 10.5% and 25.4%, respectively. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 35.09%. Fear of contracting the virus was present among 38.3%. Fear of infecting the family members because of their exposure was reported by 36.6% of the respondents; 71.7% and 79.3% reported receiving support from the organisation and colleagues, respectively. ConclusionsThe provision of necessary equipment, regular check-ups and timely interventions will minimise the risk of stress and burnout.

Post-traumatic stress disorder prevalence and sleep quality in fire victims and rescue workers in southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesThis survey was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the sleep quality in victims and rescue team of the third deadliest nightclub fire in the world. Study designA cross-sectional study. MethodsParticipants were victims and rescue workers exposed to a fire at a nightclub, which occurred in January 2013 in Southern Brazil. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), composed of seven subjective sleep variables (including daytime dysfunction), and PTSD Checklist – Civilian version (PCL-C) were applied to all people who sought medical attention at the local reference center in the first year after the event. Comprehensive information was obtained concerning sociodemographic factors, health status, and sleep complaints. ResultsA total of 370 individuals, 190 victims and 180 rescue workers, were included. Participants were 70% male, with an average age of 29 years. The prevalence of PTSD was 31.9%, ranging from 24.4% for rescue workers to 38.9% for victims. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 65.9%, ranging from 56.1% for rescue workers to 75.3% for victims. Most of the participants with PTSD (91.5%) had PSQI scores >5 (poor sleepers), against 54.0% of the non-PTSD individuals. All seven PSQI subscores showed significant differences between PTSD and non-PTSD individuals, especially daytime dysfunction. Sex, shift work, previous psychiatric disease, and sleep quality remained associated with PTSD in adjusted models, with a prevalence ratio (95% CI) of 1.76 (1.28–2.43) in females, 1.73 (1.17–2.55) in shift workers, 1.36 (1.03–1.80) in individuals with psychiatric disease history, and 5.42 (2.55–11.52) in poor sleepers. ConclusionsThe presence of daytime dysfunction increased by at least tenfold the prevalence of PTSD in this sample. Considering that daytime dysfunction was shown to be strongly associated with PTSD, sleep-related issues should be addressed in the assessment of individuals exposed to traumatic events, both victims and rescuers. Factors like shift work and female sex were also associated with PTSD, especially among victims.

Perceived sleep quality: a comparison between hospital nurses and student nurses.

The prevalence of poor sleep quality is high among nurses, and affects them physically and psychologically as well as organisational functioning. However, evidence on equipping student nurses with good sleep practices that could mitigate poor sleep as they transition into the nursing workforce is lacking. This study compared the prevalence and quality of good sleep among hospital nurses and student nurses. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 130 hospital nurses and 130 student nurses in Brunei was carried out. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index. Multiple logistic regression was applied. Hospital nurses were 4.29 times more likely to experience poor sleep than student nurses. Those who were overweight were 2.35 times more likely to have poor sleep quality than those with a healthy weight. Although students had significantly good sleep latency, needing less time to fall asleep, they experienced significantly more sleep disturbances, shorter sleep duration and less sleep efficiency. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among nurses in Brunei is higher than global estimates. Stakeholders such as nursing leaders, nursing educators and healthcare policymakers should prepare student nurses and help existing nurses by formulating strategies to promote working schedules and rosters that minimise circadian disruption.

Cultivating a Healthy Living Environment for Adolescents in the Post-COVID Era in Hong Kong: Exploring Youth Health Needs.

Studies have shown that adolescents now have a higher exposure to health risks than those in the past, and Hong Kong adolescents are no exception, particularly with the social crisis in 2019 and then the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Data from health care services for children and adolescents only represent the tip of the clinical iceberg, and health profiles, including living habits, lifestyles, data on health status, and health service utilization, are not always readily available for effective planning to cultivate a healthy living environment. In this paper, an exploratory study on secondary school students was conducted in one district of Hong Kong that has the potential and resources to become a healthy city. Students were found to have a high prevalence of poor sleep quality and quantity; excess screen time; physical inactivity; an insufficient intake of healthy food; emotional disturbance, including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSDs); and irregular attendance to student health services. A multivariate analysis showed that excessive time on social media websites, short sleeping hours, symptoms of PTSD, and a lack of regular exercise were independently associated with emotional distress. Youth service providers should re-orientate student health services, moving away from routine services to be more outreaching in order to cultivate a supportive living and learning environment, promoting better health for adolescents.

Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among Adult Cancer Patients Under Treatment at Oncology Units in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

IntroductionPoor sleep quality, a common, under-diagnosed, and under-treated problem in cancer patients, has negative physical and psychological consequences, but its prevalence and associated factors are not well studied in Ethiopia. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep quality and its associated factors among adult cancer patients receiving treatment at oncology units in Amhara region, Ethiopia.Methods and MaterialsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with cancer under treatment at the oncology units in the Amhara region from April 12 to May 12/2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 samples. Data were collected using a structured Interviewer-administered questionnaire. Sleep quality and depression were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were computed, considering p < 0.25 to select candidate variables for multivariable analysis and p < 0.05 to be statistically significant in the final model.ResultsA total of 410 cancer patients participated in this study. The mean of the participant’s age was 44.2 (range: 20–77) years. More than half (52.7%) of participants received chemotherapy and the remaining were treated with a combination of treatments. Two-hundred ninety-three (71.5%) of participants had poor sleep quality and 28.5% had good sleep quality. The factors found to be significantly associated with poor sleep quality were advanced age [AOR = 1.037, 95% CI: (1.012–1.062)]; having depressive symptoms [AOR = 2.862, 95% CI: (1.133, 7.228)]; having distant metastasis cancer [AOR = 3.758, 95% CI: (1.585, 8.909)]; and increased severity of pain [AOR = 1.331, 95% CI: (1.106, 1.601)].ConclusionThe study found a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among cancer patients. Early screening and management of sleep problems are crucial in patients with cancer.

Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbances Associated With the COVID-19 Outbreak in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

BackgroundCOVID-19 became a global respiratory pandemic as it disrupted millions of lives and commerce. The implementation of strict lockdown measures to confine the outbreak can negatively affect people’s overall sleep quality and mental health. We aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disturbance and the psychological impact associated with the spread of COVID-19 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A nationally online questionnaire was sent to participants aged >18 years to assess their socio-demographic information, assessment of psychological status by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and assessment of sleep disturbance by Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scales. ResultsThe total sample consisted of 399 participants. The mean age was 34.70 ± 12.57 years; predominant responses were from females (69.4%). The study sample was mostly made up of students (32.1%), and more than half of the participants (52.6%) were married. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia was 38.6%, 33.1%, and 54.9%, respectively. Participants with comorbidities were significantly at higher risk of having symptoms of depression in comparison to subjects free from chronic diseases (OR=2.19 95% Cl: 1.24-3.86, p=001). ConclusionThese findings suggest that the prevalence of poor sleep quality and worsening mental health in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was high during the COVID-19 lockdown, which articulates the requirement for raising the awareness, screening, and management of worsening sleep quality and mental health due to the unwholesome effect they may have on the individual’s health.

Evaluating Patterns and Factors Related to Sleep Disturbances in Prostate Cancer Patients.

Prostate cancer patients may experience disturbed sleep as a result of their diagnosis or treatment. This study sought to evaluate disturbed sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in newly diagnosed patients and those receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This study was conducted with 74 patients. Subjective data using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and actigraphy data on ADT/ADT-naïve patients were collected. The prevalence of poor sleep quality, determined from PSQI and ESS scores, was 50% and 16.7% respectively. Those on ADT (n = 20) had poorer sleep quality as determined by significantly higher PSQI scores (70 vs. 40% scoring > 5) and were more likely to have poor sleep quality, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency than ADT-naïve patients (n = 40). Actigraphy data showed that ADT patients slept significantly longer (7.7 vs. 6.8 h), experienced a higher Fragmentation Index (48.3 vs. 37.4%), and had longer daytime nap duration (64.1 vs. 45.2 min) than ADT-naïve patients. The use of objective measures such as actigraphy in the clinical arena is recommended and may be used as a valuable tool for research into sleep assessment in prostate cancer patients.

Sleep Quality, Insomnia, Anxiety, Fatigue, Stress, Memory and Active Coping during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on sleep quality, insomnia, anxiety, stress, fatigue and active coping in the United States. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using a publicly available database taken from the Boston College COVID-19 Sleep and Well-Being Dataset. We have selected the most recent data that included information about sleep quality and other measures, including insomnia, anxiety, stress, fatigue and coping, collected between 22 February–8 March 2021. Results: A total of 476 subjects were included in the analysis. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 38.8 (17.8) years, and there were more females (85%) than males. The population had a mean (SD) score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) of 6 (3.2), with 65% having the prevalence of poor sleep quality (defined as PSQ ≥ 5; n = 311). The mean (SD) score for Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was 6.9 (5.2), with 55 subjects (11.5%) having clinical insomnia (defined as ISI ≥ 15); of whom 9% had severe clinical insomnia. There were positive correlations between PSQI and ISI (r = 0.76, p < 0.001), PROMIS fatigue scale (r = 0.53, p < 0.001), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) (r = 0.46, p < 0.001), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (r = 0.44, p < 0.001). The PSQI was inversely correlated with the John Henryism Active Coping Scale (JHACS) and memory scale. In the multivariate regression model, JHACS, ISI, fatigue, PSS and GAD-7 were significant predictors of PSQI, and these variables accounted for 62% of the variance of PSQI, adjusted for age and gender. Conclusion: An important contribution to the literature is made by this research, which demonstrates the significant prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with insomnia and other mental and physical well-being. It also underlines the need to prioritise policy and public health efforts to address sleep issues that have substantial health and economic effects for both individuals and the population at large.

Restless leg syndrome prevalence in epilepsy patients and its impact on quality of sleep.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of restless leg syndrome (RLS) and other sleep-related movement disorders and their effects on sleep quality in epilepsy patients. One hundred and twenty-seven epilepsy patients were compared with 115 age-and gender-matched healthy controls. RLS was determined from the clinical characteristics of the patients according to the International RLS Study Group's (IRLSSG) diagnostic criteria. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition (ICSD-3) criteria. Subjective sleep quality was evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Poor sleep quality was more common in the epilepsy group than in the control group (42.5% versus 26.1%; p = 0.007). The epilepsy group had significantly higher PSQI total scores than the control group (p = 0.003). The frequency of RLS was higher in epileptic patients than in the control group (13.4% versus 5.2%; p = 0.024). There were no significant differences between the patient group and the control group regarding limb movement and bruxism frequency during sleep. The PSQI scores were high in epilepsy patients with RLS compared to those without RLS (p = 0.009). The frequency of habitual snoring, bruxism, and repetitive leg movement in sleep was also high in epilepsy patients with RLS compared to those without RLS (p < 0.05). The prevalence of poor sleep quality and RLS in epilepsy patients is higher than in healthy controls. Our results also show the negative impact of RLS on sleep quality in epilepsy patients. Further confirmatory studies using objective sleep tests are needed to identify the mechanisms underlying the current findings.

Determinants of Poor Sleep Quality During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Women Attending Antenatal Care Services at the Health Facilities of Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundWomen’s ability to get sleep can be affected by pregnancy-related hormonal changes or other external stressful situations like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the proportion of poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic and its determinants among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) services.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 women attending ANC services at the health facilities in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia, from May to June 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the required samples. The tool consisted of questions that assessed (1) socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric and health care service-related characteristics; and media exposure to get information regarding COVID-19 infection; (2) To assess sleep quality; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied. And a global score of >5 indicates poor sleep quality, and a global score of ≤5 indicates good sleep quality.ResultThe overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 62.8%, and was associated with pregnant women aged ≥46 years (AOR = 4.27), being in the third trimester (AOR = 2.51), being multigravida (AOR = 2.72), and having co-morbidity (AOR = 3.57).ConclusionThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women during the pandemic was found to be high. Advanced maternal age, third trimester pregnancy, being multigravida, and having comorbidity were determinants of poor sleep quality among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Impact of Social Media Infodemics on Mental Health among Health Colleges’ Students at Saudi Universities during COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Saudi Arabia has been severely affected by COVID-19 since March 2020. The COVID-19 “infodemic” has spread a plethora of misinformation on social media leading to public panic and serious public health consequences. We aimed to investigate the impact of social media infodemics on mental health status among health colleges’ students, as future healthcare workers, at Saudi universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used a cross-sectional web-based survey to collect data from 400 health colleges’ students. We assessed average time spent on social media and used the shortened Pittsburgh sleep quality index, generalized anxiety disorder scale, and Center for Epidemiology scale for depression to measure sleep quality, generalized anxiety disorder, and depressive symptoms. Generalized linear regression was used to determine associations with mental health burdens. Results: About 21.5% reported more than 3 hours/day of exposure to social media. Prevalence of poor sleep quality, anxiety, and depression disorders was 16%, 31%, and 24%, respectively. No significant difference was determined between males and females (P&gt;0.05); however, a significant association was detected with time spent on social media (P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: We found a significant mental health burden among health colleges’ students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Spending too much time on social media is a potential risk factor. Controlling social media infodemics, early mental health interventions, and continuous monitoring of consequences should become routine as part of preparedness efforts.

Sleep quality and associated factors among undergraduate medical students during Covid-19 confinement

Problem consideredMedical students are vulnerable to poor sleep quality which may lead to attention difficulties and poor academic performance. Good quality sleep is needed for optimal neurocognitive and psychomotor functions as well as physical and mental health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality among undergraduate medical students during home confinement at the time of Covid-19 pandemic and analyze the relationship between sleep quality and relevant socio-demographic and psychological variables. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 284 undergraduate medical students of a teaching hospital of Bhubaneswar from October–November 2020. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, relevant information was collected. Sleep quality of the students was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and mental health status of the students using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21). ResultsThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among undergraduate medical students was 45%. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that students doing exercise for <3 days/week (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.01–3.23), spending ≥8 h screen time/day (AOR: 2.02, 95%: 1.12–3.66), having anxiety symptoms (AOR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.72–7.57), and those who were not satisfied with own self (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.35–5.38) were more likely to report poor sleep quality. ConclusionPoor sleep quality was prevalent among undergraduate medical students during their home confinement at the time of Covid-19 pandemic. Sleep educational programs, anxiety management, and lifestyle modifications can be recommended to improve sleep quality among medical students.