Prevalence Of Oral Lesions Research Articles

Evaluation of Sociodemographic Factors and Prevalence of Oral Lesions in People Living with HIV from Cacoal, Rondônia, Amazon Region of Brazil.

Background: It is necessary to evaluate and understand the prevalence and risk factors of oral lesions (OL) in people living with HIV (PLWH) who were never studied before. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of OL and its correlation with CD4+ T lymphocytes counts and HIV plasma viral load in PLWH treated in Rondônia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Cacoal city, Rondônia state, Northern Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, immunologic and virological information of 113 PLWH were collected from medical records and dental examination was conducted to diagnose and classify OL in PLWH. Statistical analysis was performed using relative frequency distribution, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, T-student and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The overall prevalence of oral lesions was 28.3% (32/113), with candidiasis (7/32; 21.8%) and aphthous ulcer (7/32; 21.8%) being the most prevalent. There was a predominance of females, most patients being married, with a low level of education, a family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages and a single partner. An association was observed between the presence of oral lesions and a high viral load, as well as a lower occurrence of oral lesions in individuals with a higher count of CD4+ T cells. Conclusions: This study reveals a low prevalence of OL among PLWH, as well as the absence of relationship between HIV viral load, CD4+ T cells count and OL high prevalence.

Prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a hospital based cross-sectional study

Background: Several systemic diseases manifest themselves in the oral cavity. Oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus (LE) are associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. Dentists who are unaware of these lesions will possibly miss them. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with LE in a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods: A descriptive study was performed on 189 patients attending the Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Clinic in EL Qasr EL Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. Every patient was examined clinically after completing a questionnaire. Moreover, patients’ medical records were also evaluated. The oral manifestations were recorded according to the WHO guide to physical examination of the oral cavity and classified according to their morphologic aspects and localization. Results: Out of 189 patients, there were 182 females (96.3%) and seven males (3.7%). The prevalence of oral lesions in LE patients was 55.6%. The most affected site was the tongue 25.7%. The most common clinical aspect was patches, 53%. About 77.1% of the lesions were asymptomatic. Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of oral lesions to recognize patients with LE as the WHO considers oral manifestations of LE a widespread state. Also, implementation of oral hygiene measures and treatment to improve patients’ nutritional state and health-related quality of life are recommended.

Manifestaciones orales en pacientes con psoriasis. Prevalencia y asociación con sus características clínicas y epidemiológicas

Background and objectivePsoriasis is a multisystem disease associated with an increased prevalence of oral lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with psoriasis and examine associations with clinical and patient characteristics. Material and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with psoriasis and healthy controls seen between December 2019 and February 2020. We recorded biometric data, comorbidities associated with psoriasis, oral examination findings, and clinical characteristics of psoriasis. ResultsWe studied 100 patients with psoriasis and 100 controls. Oral lesions were more common in the psoriasis group (74% vs 46%, P<.001). The most common lesions were fissured tongue (39% vs 16%, P<.001) and periodontitis (28% vs 16%, P=.04). Geographic tongue was uncommon in both the study and the control group (4% vs 2%, P=.68). In the psoriasis group, patients with fissured tongue had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (23.1% vs 4.9%), diabetes mellitus (28.2% vs 8.2%), and psoriatic arthritis (15.4% vs 1.6%) than those without this condition. Periodontitis was also associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (28.6% vs 5.6%). Type of psoriasis, location, and time since onset were not significantly associated with oral lesions. Patients with oral lesions, however, had more severe disease (Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI], 3.9 vs 2.4; P=.05). Mean PASI was also higher in patients with fissured tongue (4.7 vs. 2.7, P=.03) and periodontitis (5.1 vs. 2.9, P=.04). ConclusionsThe prevalence of oral lesions, especially fissured tongue and periodontitis, is higher in patients with psoriasis than in healthy controls. Oral lesions were associated with more severe psoriasis and a higher prevalence of associated comorbidities. We recommend examining the oral cavity of patients with psoriasis, especially those with more severe disease and comorbidities, irrespective of type of psoriasis, location, or time since onset.

Prevalence of oral lesions among coronavirus disease 2019 cohorts

Background: In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), considered as Pandemic has gained Public importance caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. World Health Organization declared the outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020. Few cases have reported the presence of oral lesions among Covid Cohorts for which we considered it has a less explored area. Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalance of oral lesions among Covid19 Inpatients in District Hospital, Shivamogga. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey will be conducted to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among Covid19 Inpatients in District Hospital, Shivamogga, India. The Performa included information on socio-demographic details, habits (tobacco and alcohol), oral hygiene practices and presence and location of oral mucosal lesions according to World Health Organisation, 2013. Considering the prevalence of Oral lesions among Pilot Survey Sampling size will be determined. Informed consent would be obtained from patients and ethical approval from Institutional ethical board. Descriptive statistical analysis would be carried out and Chi-square test will be used for comparisons. Confidence level will be set at 95% and p value 5%, respectively. Results: A total of 248 In-patients with Covid -19 were included in the study. Almost half of the patients 127(51.2%) complained Aphthous-like oral ulcer, followed by Xerostomia 52(20.96%), herpes-like lesions 47(19%), candidiasis 44(18%), glossitis/depapillation 10(4%), geographic tongue 6 (2.41%), angular cheilitis 3 (1.2%), parotitis 2 (0.8%) Ulceration with ischemic necrosis of palate 11 (4.43%). Oral lesions were scattered throughout mouth in which majority was found in the tongue (35.4%) followed by sulcus (15%), Lips(11.6%), and commissures(10.8%). Conclusion: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 is the major public health burden in the world, along with systemic manifestations it is definitely found to have a significant effect on the oral health varying from small Aphthous like ulcers to necrosis of palate. Several attempts are done to integrate medical and dental services in different healthcare and public health settings to support populations with unmet oral health during this pandemic situation.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions and Nicotine Dependency among Tobacco Users in an Urban Community of Vellore, South India

Introduction: Tobacco consumption is one of the most leading causes of preventable deaths around the world. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), eight million deaths occur annually due to tobacco usage. Aim: To identify the prevalence of oral lesions among people who use tobacco, their knowledge on health hazards of tobacco uses and the dependence on nicotine among adults in the age group between 18 and 60 years. Materials and Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, among an urban community of Vellore, January 2019 and June 2019. This study included 930 participants. An interviewer administrated questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of tobacco and dependence on nicotine among adults. The participants who use tobacco were examined for oral lesions. Univariate analysis was performed to highlight the variables of this study and logistic regression model was used to find the adjusted odds ratios and p-values. Results: The total number of adults who participated in this study was 930. The median age group among the study population was 38 years and the mean age was 38.26±12 years. About two-third (62.2%) of the participants were females. The proportion of adults currently using tobacco in any form was 24.19% (n=225) with those Smoking Tobacco (ST) was 59.1% (n=133), Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) was 38.6% (n=87) and using both ST and SLT were 2.2% (n=5). The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was found to be 60.1% with smoker’s palate (N=96) being the most frequently occurring oral mucosal lesion. The nicotine dependence was found to be significant in the subjects with age more than 45 years and had used tobacco for more than 20 years. On the analysis of the knowledge on health hazards, it was identified that 76.3% of the participants were aware that use of tobacco in any form can cause oral lesions. Conclusion: This study highlights that oral lesions and nicotine dependence are highly prevalent among the tobacco users. This emphasises the need for community-based oral health awareness programs highlighting the consequences of tobacco usage in order to prevent the incidence of oral cancers.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions and Its Associated Risk Factors Among PLHIV Availing Anti-Retroviral Therapy from a Selected Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry - A Cross Sectional Analytical Study.

Background and Objectives:Oral lesions are among the earliest and most important indicators of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The presence of oral lesions has a significant impact on the physical and mental health of the PLHIV. Hence, a novel attempt is made to assess the prevalence of various types of oral lesions among the adult people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) undergoing antiretroviral therapy.Methodology:In this facility-based cross-sectional study, a total of 239 out of 300 eligible PLHIV were assessed between September and October 2018. All consecutive eligible patients encountered during the data collection period were included. Oral examination was carried out using disposable mouth mirrors, sterile piece of cotton, and bright illuminated torch.Results:The prevalence of oral mucosal abnormalities was found to be 25% (95% confidence interval: 20.03–30.97). The most prevalent oral lesions were acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, and candidiasis. CD4 count <200 cells/mm3, current tobacco use, and alcohol usage were significantly associated with the prevalence of oral lesions.Conclusion and Recommendations:The study revealed that one-fourth of the study participants had oral lesions. Strategies for early detection and prompt treatment of oral lesions need to be planned and incorporated in the program to reduce the morbidity due to oral lesions.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions among HIV Positive Patients Attending Antiretroviral Therapy Centre in Rural Area of Western Maharashtra

Introduction: The Oral Manifestations (OM) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is indication of compromised immune status and disease progression. These Oral Lesions (OL) cause morbidity and affect quality of life of the patients. Aim: To evaluate the association between OM in patients with HIV infection and their level of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional study for a duration of two years which included a total of 565 known HIV-positive individuals visiting the regional Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) center for counseling and/or on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) were selected irrespective of age and sex. The oral lesions were diagnosed using the presumptive criteria given by by the European Committee (EC) Clearinghouse, 1993. Oral and systemic manifestations were recorded and associated with CD4 counts. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) 8.0 software and p-value was considered significant at a level of 0.05. Results: The male-to-female ratio was almost equal and 95.04% of the patients had reported heterosexual contact as the transmission route. The peak age of occurrence of HIV infection was during 31-40 years with the mean age of males and females 39.26 years and 34.46 years respectively. Pulmonary tuberculosis (16.11%) and herpes zoster (16.81%) were the most common systemic manifestations. The prevalence of OM reported was 86.01% and was higher in females than in males. Intraoral melanotic pigmentation (50.08%) was the most common finding, followed by periodontitis (36.46%), linear gingival erythema (14.51%), Necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) (4.42%), candidiasis (8.67%), oral ulcers, herpes zoster (5.13%), herpes simplex virus infection (1.17%) and salivary gland disease (SGD) (0.7%). There was a significant association (p=0.0110) between OL and reduced CD4 count. Conclusion: OL occur commonly in HIV infection. The decrease in CD4 count is associated with a wide range of OM. The result from this study can be used as predictive marker for oral manifestations in AIDS based on the level of immune suppression and help in improving their quality of life.

Prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a hospital based cross-sectional study

Background: Several systemic diseases manifest themselves in the oral cavity. Dentists who are unaware of these lesions will possibly miss them. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with LE in a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 189 patients attending the Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Clinic in EL Qasr El Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. Every patient was examined clinically after completing a questionnaire. Patients’ medical records were evaluated. The oral manifestations were assessed according to the WHO guide to physical examination of the oral cavity and classified according to their morphologic aspects and localization. Results: Out of 189 patients, there were 182 females (96.3%) and seven males (3.7%). The prevalence of oral lesions in SLE patients was 55.6%. The most affected site was the tongue 25.7%. The most common clinical aspect was patches, 53%. About 77.1% of the lesions were asymptomatic. Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of oral lesions to recognize patients with SLE as the WHO considers oral manifestations of SLE a widespread state. Also, the implementation of oral hygiene measures to improve patients’ nutritional state and health-related quality of life is recommended.

Prevalence of oral lesions in patients with AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Oral lesions are considered to be early clinical signs which may predict the progression of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the lack of a comprehensive study that includes oral lesions in people with AIDS, the global prevalence of oral lesions in people with AIDS was estimated by combining preliminary studies' results using meta-analysis.Material and methods Databases including PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were searched using keywords as 'HIV', 'AIDS', 'oral candidiasis', 'Kaposi Sarcoma', 'LinearGingival Erythema' and OR operators, AND and NOT. After the elimination of duplicate documents, articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After combining the results of preliminary studies, an overall estimate of each lesion was reported. Ninety-five studies met the criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis.Results The global prevalence of 21 oral lesions in HIV-infected patients was estimated. The overall prevalence of oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma and erythematous candidiasis was as follows: 35% (95% CI: 28-42), 19% (95% CI: 15-22), 12% (95% CI: 11-14), 5% (95% CI: 4-6) and 18% (95% CI: 14-22).Conclusion The present meta-analysis showed that oral lesions have a high prevalence in patients with AIDS. Dentists should consider that the clinical appearance of the oral cavity reflects the overall systemic health of the patient. As such, oral lesions may be linked to underlying immunosuppression caused by AIDS.

A Sketch on Oral Mucosal Lesion Presenting in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Oral mucosal lesion (OML) is defined as any abnormal alteration in color, surface aspect, swelling, or loss of integrity of the oral mucosal surface. Some oral mucosal lesions are benign and require no treatment but some may present with significant pathology. Several oral potential disorders frequently progress into malignancy Objective: The present study was carried out to assess the pattern of various oral cavity lesions of patients attending in a regional tertiary care hospital in northern area of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Dentistry in collaboration with department of Pathology of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital, Sirajgonj, Bangladesh during the period of one year from December 2016 to December 2017. An elaborate schedule was prepared before undertaking the study. A total of 73 patients in the Dental OPD of the hospital presenting with oral lesion for more than 3 weeks were randomly selected. An incisional biopsy was taken from all patients and histological examinations were done. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (V-20) and MS Excel. Results: Most common site of oral lesion is Buccal Mucosa (36.99%), then supraglotic region (26.03%), lower lip 6.85%, gingiva 5.48%, anterior palate and oral flor 4.11% each. Most of the lesion was Squamous cell carcinoma (58%), then lichen planus, leukoplakia, inflammatory lesion, pyogenic granuloma and verrucous carcinoma, each of them was around 5% of lesion. Conclusion: The epidemiological data on the prevalence of oral lesion is an important determinant in planning appropriate levels of services and further studies are required to provide accurate estimates of the treatment need in Bangladeshi population with oral lesion. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2021; 11(2): 4-9

Prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with lupus erythematosus in a sample of the Egyptian population: a hospital based cross-sectional study

Background: Several systemic diseases manifest themselves in the oral cavity. Oral manifestations of lupus erythematosus (LE) are associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. Dentists who are unaware of these lesions will possibly miss them. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients with LE in a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods: A descriptive study was performed on 189 patients attending the Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Clinic in EL Qasr EL Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. Every patient was examined clinically after completing a questionnaire. Moreover, patients' medical records were also evaluated. The oral manifestations were recorded according to the WHO guide to physical examination of the oral cavity and classified according to their morphologic aspects and localization. Results: Out of 189 patients, there were 182 females (96.3%) and seven males (3.7%). The prevalence of oral lesions in LE patients was 55.6%. The most affected site was the tongue 25.7%. The most common clinical aspect was patches, 53%. About 77.1% of the lesions were asymptomatic. 74.3% of the patients had oral candidiasis. The prevalence of skin lesions in LE patients was 37.6%. The most common finding was malar rash 79%. Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis of oral lesions to recognize patients with LE as the WHO considers oral manifestations of LE a widespread state associated with an increased risk of cancer. Also, implementation of oral hygiene measures and treatment to improve patients' nutritional state and health-related quality of life are recommended.

Clinical study of oral mucosal lesions in patients attending dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care centre

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral mucosa reflects the general health of an individual. In certain systemic diseases oral cavity may be affected first or it could the only clue to diagnosis. Hence skin examination is never complete without the examination of mucosae. Aims and objectives were to find out the frequency and diversity of oral mucosal lesions in patients attending Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (DVL) outpatient department (OPD).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This was a hospital based observational study. All patients with oral mucosal lesions fulfilling the inclusion &amp;amp;exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Detailed history, physical examination and clinical photographs were recorded for all the patients.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The prevalence oral mucosal lesions among dermatological patients is 1.04% with a female predilection and the mean age was 38.44±17.30. Majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 31-60 years. Established risk factors for developing oral lesions like tobacco and beetle nut use was found in only 24% and 16% of the patients respectively. Twenty% (21%) of the patients were diabetic and the commonest oral lesions in them was oral candidiasis. Eighteen% (18%) of the patients presented with only oral complaints, while 82% of patients came with skin complaints and their oral lesions were incidental findings. Out of 82 patients with dermatological diseases specific mucocutaneous diseases were seen in 44% of patients. Most common dermatological diseases seen were vitiligo, lichen planus and pemphigus vulgaris.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Knowing the prevalence of oral lesions as a part of mucocutaneous disorders would help sensitise other specialities the need to examine oral cavity in order to attain appropriate and early diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt;

Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral mucosal lesions in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of oral lesions is controversial. There has beenno comprehensive study about HPV prevalence in Iran. This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed atfinding HPV prevalence of oral lesions and normal oral mucosa in Iran. International (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) and national (Iranmedex, Irandoc, and SID) databases were searched systematically until October 2020. Studies that examined the prevalence of HPV in oral lesions by polymerase chain reaction method were included. The heterogeneity of articles was assessed with the Cochran test and I-Square statistics. The prevalence rate of HPV was calculated using a random-effect model. Of 3729 initially searched articles, 29 articles were eligible forinclusion. The overall prevalence of HPV in oral lesions was 21%. The prevalence was the highest in Rasht (50%) city. Lip lesions had the highest HPV prevalence (40%). According to the classification of lesions, the highest prevalence was ofprecancerous lesions (29%) and the lowest in normal mucosa (8%). Well-differentiated tumors showed a higher prevalence than poorly-differentiated ones. The highest prevalence of HPV was hairy leukoplakia (70%) and the lowest was ofpyogenic granuloma (6%). Also, the prevalence was 31% in oral squamous cell carcinoma. There are differences between HPV prevalence according to the geographical area, intraoral location, type of lesion, and grading. AsHPV prevalence was fairlyhigh, further attention to vaccination and treatment for HPV in Iran, as a potential risk factor for oral precancerous and cancerous lesionsis recommended.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with pemphigus vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris. Observational studies reporting the prevalence of oral lesions in pemphigus vulgaris patients, without restriction to language and year of publication, were selected in a two-phase process. Search strategies were applied to PubMed, Scopus, Livivo, Web of Science, LILACS, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases. Articles assessing the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with conditions other than pemphigus vulgaris were excluded. Risk of bias analysis was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Synthesis of results was calculated by the software R Statistics version 4.0.2 (The R Foundation). Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. From 1957 studies identified, 40 were included in qualitative synthesis and 38 in meta-analyses. The pooled prevalence of patients with oral lesions solely or concurrent with other mucocutaneous lesions was 90.3%. The prevalence of patients with exclusive oral mucosal lesions was 50.8%. Risk of bias was considered low, and the certainty of evidence was very low. Oral lesions were present in approximately nine out of 10 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. The oral mucosa was the most common site of disease onset. Further longitudinal studies are urged to assess the prevalence of oral lesions at different disease stages.

Bit-Related Lesions in Event Horses After a Cross-Country Test.

Bit-related oral lesions are common and may impair horse welfare. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral lesions and their risk factors in a sample of Finnish event horses. The rostral part of the oral cavity (the bit area) of 208 event horses (127 warmbloods, 52 coldbloods, and 29 ponies) was examined in a voluntary inspection after the last competition phase, i.e., the cross-country test. Acute lesions were observed in 52% (109/208) of the horses. The lesion status was graded as no acute lesions for 48% (99/208), mild for 22% (45/208), moderate for 26% (55/208) and severe for 4% (9/208) of the horses. The inner lip commissure was the most common lesion location observed in 39% (81/208) of the horses. A multivariable logistic regression model with data of 174 horses was applied to risk factor analysis. Horses wearing thin (10–13 mm) (OR 3.5, CI 1.4–8.7) or thick (18–22 mm) (OR 3.4, CI 1.4–8.0) bits had a higher risk of moderate/severe lesion status than horses wearing middle-sized (14–17 mm) bits (P = 0.003). Breed was associated with moderate/severe lesion status (P = 0.02). The risk was higher for warmbloods (reference group) and coldbloods (OR 2.0, CI 0.88–4.7) compared with ponies (OR 0.2, CI 0.04–0.87). Mares were at higher risk of moderate/severe lesion status (OR 2.2, CI 1.1–4.5) than geldings (reference group) (P = 0.03). Bar lesions were more common in horses with unjointed bits (40%, 8/20) than with basic double-jointed (10%, 5/52), formed double-jointed (8%, 6/78) or single-jointed bits (5%, 2/40) (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.002). The results of this study suggest that thin and thick bits and mare sex should be considered risk factors for mouth lesions. In addition, in this sample ponies had smaller risk for lesions than other horse breeds. We encourage adopting bit area monitoring as a new routine by horse handlers and as a welfare measure by competition organizers for randomly drawn horses.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesion in peri-urban area of Lucknow city (Uttar Pradesh)

Introduction: . The oral mucosa performs essential protective functions that affect the general health of the patient. Oral lesions can cause discomfort or pain that interferes with mastication, swallowing, and speech. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in periurban area in the city of Lucknow aged 15 years and above. Settings and Design: A multistage random sampling was done for identifying the study sample. Materials &amp; Methods: In the first stage. all peri-urban areas of Lucknow city was grouped into four geographical zones. Second stage consisted of random selection of 20 peri-urban areas by lottery method (5 from each zone). In third stage there was selection of individuals using simple random method. A total of 45 individuals was selected. Thus a total 900 individuals was selected (i.e. 225 from each zone). Results: The prevalence of oral mucosal lesion in the present study was found to be 11.8%. The percentage of patients suffering from leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and lichen planus was 51.9%, 20.8% &amp; 11.3% respectively. Conclusion: This survey high-lighted the rampant misuse of variety of harmful substances as well as the high prevalence of oral lesions in the community.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions in COVID-19 Egyptian Patients.

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of this article is to detect whether oral lesions affect the tongue mainly due to higher cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) than in other oral sites in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the etiology of oral lesions was evaluated either resulting from SARS-CoV-2 sequelae or from adverse effects of drugs used for COVID-19 treatment.Materials and Methods:One hundred and twenty-four patients were admitted to the study. All patients’ data were obtained including age and gender, laboratory testing, drug administration, respiratory and systemic conditions, signs and symptoms, and oral manifestations.Results:Oral manifestations were seen in 112 (90.3%) of all patients. Oral ulcers represented the most prevalent lesions in the oral cavity in 104 patients (92.8%). Lip, tongue, and labial mucosa showed the most common sites for oral ulcers. Most of oral lesions were displayed in the tongue in 96 patients (85.7%). Various medications were used in the treatment of patients.Conclusion:The tongue represented the most common site of oral lesions in COVID-19 patients followed by the labial mucosa. No correlation was found between the oral lesions and the drugs used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The systemic health and the severity of the disease were not related to the spread of the oral lesions.

Tobacco Related Oral Lesions in South Indian Industrial Workers

Introduction: Tobacco is the leading causative factor for both oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer. Tobacco use is higher among lower income population. Low-income population of India are majorly employed as industrial workers. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral lesions associated with tobacco related habits among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was conducted among 1000 industrial workers using simple random sampling technique. Information on patient demographics, tobacco related (smoke and smokeless) and other deleterious habits, and clinical examination details were recorded in a structured format. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and mean with a standard deviation. Multiple logistical regression was used to analyze oral lesions by different variables. Results: Among the 1000 industrial workers screened, smoking habit was observed in 13.20%, while 86.8% were using smokeless tobacco. The prevalence of tobacco related oral lesions among individuals with smoke/smokeless tobacco habit was 13.8%. The study documented tobacco related oral lesions such as leukoplakia (6.5%), oral submucous fibrosis (2%), smoker’s palate (2.7%), tobacco related pigmentation (1.9%), erythroplakia (0.3%), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (0.2%). Conclusion: The study documented potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer among users with tobacco related habits. The results also revealed that higher prevalence of potentially malignant disorders over oral cancer. Thus, preventive programs for early detection of oral precancer and oral cancer such as tobacco cessation, tobacco counselling programs are emphasized for industrial workers.

Demographic Analysis Of Prevalence Of Oral Lesions In Patients With Deleterious Habits– An Institutional Based Descriptive Observational Study

Aim:Tobacco consumption in various forms has become common social habit in India. The increasing use of tobacco has led to an increased incidence of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral malignancies. The aim of this study was to assess the demographic details and prevalence of tobacco and other deleterious habits, and the relative risk of oral mucosal lesions among the patients reporting to the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology at Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai. Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on individuals with deleterious habits such as tobacco and alcohol. A total number of 1000 subjects were included in this study. Patients were interviewed through questionnaire in relation to their demographic details, tobacco habits and clinical examination was done to evaluate tobacco-related oral lesions. This study was conducted during the period of COVID pandemic following COVID standard operating protocols. Results: Among the 1000 participants, 973 (97.3%) were male and 27 (2.7%) were female. The most common smoked form of tobacco was cigarette (51.3%), and the smokeless form was betal quid (9.3%). The oral mucosal lesions had a prevalence rate of 30.6%. Among them, 18.9% subjects consumed alcohol. 33.7% of subjects confessed that they developed the habit due to peer pressure. The most common oral mucosal lesion was leukoplakia (7.5%). Conclusion: Tobacco consumption is a common cause of preventable illness and death. This study may serve as a useful tool in understanding the socio-demographic association among different forms of tobacco and associated oral lesions along with other deleterious habits. It also serves the patients by educating about its ill effects.

Prevalence of Oral Lesions in Dermatological Diseases: A Retrospective Study

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a prevalência das lesões orais nas doenças dermatológicas. Material e Métodos: A população do estudo consistiu de 119 pacientes com dermatoses (conforme prontuário). Os dados demográficos e clínicos coletados incluem sexo, cor da pele, idade do diagnóstico e localização anatômica de lesão. Resultados: Prevalência significativa do sexo feminino (n = 74; 63%; p = 0,01) e cor de pele branca (n=7; 65%; p&lt;0,001). A idade do diagnóstico variou de 10 a 86 anos, com alta prevalência de indivíduos &gt;20 anos (n= 6; 73%; p=0,05). A lesão mais frequente foi o pênfigo vulgar (38%), seguido de líquen plano oral (30%); Penfigóide (17%); Lúpus Eritematoso (10%); Eritema multiforme e Epidermólise bolhosa (3%); Estomatite Ulcerativa Crônica e Pioestomatite vegetante (1%). Conclusão: As doenças dermatológicas podem afetar a mucosa oral, causando impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, o que compreendeu principalmente a população jovem em nosso estudo. O pênfigo vulgar foi a doença mais prevalente. O monitoramento contínuo por uma equipe multidisciplinar é essencial, uma vez que esse grupo de doenças não tem cura e/ou prognóstico variável.