Prevalence Of Oral Health Problems Research Articles

Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Kader PKK dan Posyandu Kelurahan Grogol, Kecamatan Grogol Petamburan, Jakarta

The prevalence of oral health problems in the Jakarta Special Capital Region (DKI Jakarta) according to the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) results in 2018 was 59.1%. Pericoronitis and periodontal disease are common oral cavity issues. Knowledge about maintaining oral health is a key factor in achieving a good quality of life. To increase public understanding of the importance of dental and oral care, this knowledge program is designed to provide holistic and practical information. Therefore, education in the form of counseling and training is needed by directly engaging with the community to emphasize the importance of dental and oral health care, targeting mothers from the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) and Integrated Health Service Post (Posyandu) cadres in the Grogol sub-district. The results show a significant difference between pre-test and post-test (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the knowledge of participants improves after receiving counseling and training.

Assessment of Oral Health Problems: A Questionnaire-Based Study in a Clinic Setting

This research endeavors to explore and assess prevalent oral health problems within a clinic setting through a comprehensive questionnaire-based study. Oral health is a vital aspect of overall well-being, and this study aims to shed light on the various oral health issues affecting patients attending at Bloo Dental Solutions, at Rourkela. The research focuses on understanding patient awareness, dental hygiene practices, and lifestyle factors that may contribute to the prevalence of oral health problems. By utilizing a structured questionnaire, the study collects and analyzes data to provide valuable insights into the oral health status of clinic attendees. The study engaged a diverse group of participants, comprising 32 individuals, who voluntarily participated in the research during their clinic visits. The questionnaire was meticulously designed to cover a spectrum of topics, including dental hygiene practices, oral or dental problems, type of medicine taken, and lifestyle factors influencing oral health. The findings of the study reveal a 100% prevalence of oral health problems among the participants. Common issues identified include dental caries, irreversible pulpitis, and chronic gum gingivitis. This prevalence underscores the need for a more in-depth understanding of the factors contributing to these issues and the development of targeted interventions. Analysis of dental hygiene practices among participants indicates that 6.25% reported brushing their teeth twice daily, while 93.75% admitted brushing their teeth once in morning daily. The study highlights a correlation between consistent dental hygiene practices and reduced instances of oral health problems. However, the presence of a significant proportion with irregular habits suggests a need for targeted education on the importance of regular and thorough oral care routines. The study delves into the awareness levels of participants regarding common oral health problems and preventive measures. Surprisingly, 31.25% of participants demonstrated a lack of awareness regarding the importance of flossing and regular dental check-ups. This lack of awareness underscores the necessity for oral health education programs to bridge the knowledge gap and empower individuals to take proactive measures in maintaining their oral health. In discussing the results, the research advocates for the implementation of comprehensive oral health education and awareness campaigns within the clinic setting. In conclusion, this questionnaire-based study contributes valuable insights into the oral health status of clinic attendees. The results underscore the need for proactive measures, including targeted education programs and awareness campaigns, to address the identified gaps in knowledge and practices. By fostering a culture of preventive oral care, this research aims to pave the way for improved oral health outcomes within the clinic population.

Oral health status of prisoners in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Given the high prevalence of oral health problems among prisoners, the goal of this systematic review is to provide a better knowledge of the scope of this problem. Electronic searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were performed. Studies that investigated inmates aged 18 or older with oral health problems were eligible. Variables reported in four or less studies were described narratively. Conversely, for variables reported in more than four studies, a meta-analysis was performed using random effect model. Furthermore, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis is also performed to evaluate moderator effect on outcome. Doi and LFT index is applied to assess publication bias. Out of 494 results, 12 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of caries among prisoners is 78.42% (59.48%-92.58%). On meta-regression, the prevalence of caries appears to be lower in studies with a higher male percentage; however, non-significant (p=.079) due to small sample size. Community periodontal index (CPI) scores revealed periodontal disease, with scores of 3 and 4. Moreover, a significant need for oral hygiene instruction, prosthesis, extraction, and tooth ache, periodontal disease, oral mucosal lesions, leucoplakia, attrition, abrasion, bruxism, and smoking behaviors were also reported. Poor oral health status in the incarcerated population highlights the urgent need for comprehensive oral health intervention in prisons.

Association of Stressful Life Events With Oral Health Among Japanese Workers.

Psychological stress can cause various mental and physical health problems. The previous results on stress and oral health are inconsistent, possibly because of the narrow stress measurements. We aimed to examine the association between a broader range of stressful life events and oral health among workers. This cross-sectional study analyzed anonymous individual data from a national survey in Japan. Data on stressful life events, oral health problems which are one or more of tooth pain, gum swelling/bleeding, and difficulty chewing, and covariates were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. Covariates used included gender, age group, and disease under treatment. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between stressful life events and oral health problems. We then estimated the causal treatment effects of stress using the augmented inverse-probability weighting (AIPW) method. Among the 274,881 subjects, 152,850 men (55.6%) and 122,031 women (44.4%) with a mean age of 47.0 (standard deviation, 14.4) years, 4.0% reported oral health problems, with a prevalence of 2.1% among those without any stress. The prevalence increased with stress score, reaching 15.4% for those with the maximum stress score. The adjusted odds ratio of this group compared to those without any stress was 9.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.2-10.3). The estimated prevalence of oral health problems by the AIPW analysis was 2.2% (95% CI, 2.1-2.3%) for those without any stress and 14.4% (95% CI, 12.1-16.7%) for those with the maximum stress scores. There was a clear dose-response association between stressful life events and oral health problems.

Interventions to improve oral health and related health behaviours of substance use, smoking, and diet in people with severe and multiple disadvantage: a systematic review of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness

BackgroundHomelessness overlapping with substance use and offending is described as severe and multiple disadvantage (SMD). People experiencing SMD have poor oral health along with high levels of related behaviours such as substance use, smoking, and poor diet. Existing evidence largely describes the prevalence of oral health problems, substance use, and smoking in SMD groups. Little is known about interventions that can address these conditions in SMD groups. We aimed to review the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions on oral health and related health behaviours in adults experiencing SMD. MethodsFor this systematic review, we searched bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EBSCO, Scopus) and grey literature for papers published from inception to February 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed the searches. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), comparative studies and economic evaluations were included. Risk of bias was assessed. Population included adults experiencing SMD (including homelessness and substance use or repeat offending). Outcomes included oral health, and related behaviours (substance use, smoking, poor diet). Results were narratively synthesised. This review was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020202416. FindingsThe review included 38 studies (published between 1991 and 2023), with 34 reporting effectiveness. These studies comprised of 23 RCTs and 11 quasi-experimental studies conducted in the USA (25 studies), Canada (seven studies), France (one study), and Spain (one study). The interventions involving multiple components, such as housing services with substance use and mental health support, effectively reduced substance use in SMD groups; these were mostly individual-level interventions. However, these studies had short follow-up periods and high attrition rates. Only one study addressed oral health outcomes, none focused on diet, and three RCTs covered smoking, with one intervention showing smoking abstinence at 4 weeks. Some limited evidence suggested cost-effectiveness of substance use interventions. InterpretationThis review found that integrating services such as housing with other health-care services together could be effective in improving health behaviours, especially substance use among SMD groups. More evidence is needed specifically on oral health, smoking, and diet-related interventions. The generalisability of findings of this review is limited to high-income countries and shorter-term outcomes. FundingNational Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Policy Research Programme.

DETERMINANT FACTORS OF DENTAL AND ORAL SELF-CARE FOR ADOLESCENTS IN THE COASTAL AREA OF CILACAP CITY

Background: The prevalence of oral health problems in Indonesia is 25.9%. The incidence of oral and dental diseases in Central Java in 2019 was recorded at 126,225 cases and 39,759 of them occurred in Cilacap District. Based on data taken from the Kampung Laut Community Health Center, there were a total of 164 confirmed cases of oral health in 2022, dental and oral diseases that are often found in the community include caries and periodontal disease. Oral health care efforts are the main preventive measures to prevent oral disorders in order to avoid oral diseases, which can be carried out by each individual through self-care, such as brushing teeth, using dental floss, and using mouthwash. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between factors of knowledge, behavior, attitude, age, gender, parents' occupation, social history, and history of toothache with oral self-care in adolescents at Kampung Laut 1 Senior High School.Method: This type of observational analytic study uses a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were 82 students. Data collection was carried out by providing questionnaires which were filled out independently by students.Result: The results of the analysis of the relationship between factors of knowledge (p = 0.037), behavior (p = 0.018), attitude (p = 0.046), age (p = 0.037), gender (p = 0.025), parents' occupation (p = 0.049), social history (p = 0.037) and history of toothache (p = 0.018) on dental and oral self-care in adolescents where the p value of each variable is <0.05 which means it is significant.Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge, behavior, attitudes, age, gender, parents' occupation, social history and history of toothache on dental and oral self-care in adolescents.

DESKRIPSI PENGETAHUAN DAN INDEKS DMF-T DALAM RANGKA PENCEGAHAN MASALAH KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT PADA SISWA BINA TALENTA GRAHA HARAPAN INDAH BEKASI

The health of school students is part of the health development and prevention program by the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Improvement of general health will affect oral health. Prevention of oral health problems for Bina Talenta Graha students ranged from DMF-TT intraoral examination, dental health education, pre-test and post-test 33questionnaires, and mass toothbrushing activities. 44 kindergarten and 227 elementary school students participated in the program. DMF-T index was categorized according to WHO, in which the index for kindergarten is medium (3.92), while for elementary school classes is very high (8.7). Caries in both classes were more prevalent in girls than boys. The average score for kindergarten was 97.89 (pre-test) and 95.95 (post-test), while that of elementary school was 69 (pre-test) and 66.50 (post-test). Statistical tests for pre- and post-test yielded p = 0.623. for kindergarten and p= 0.151 for primary school. As p>0.05, there was no significant difference between pre- and-post tests for both groups. The decline in scores can be caused by short duration of dental health education, pre-, and post-tests. Environmental factors such as noise, visual disturbances, fatigue, and uncomfortable room conditions also played a role. By considering those factors, next activites can be planned and done more optimally

Oral health problems and treatment seeking behaviour of school going children and adolescents in Palampur area of Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh, India

Background: Poor oral health is still a major burden for populations throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. However, it could not receive proper attention in our country. Present study was conducted mainly to investigate oral health behavior of school going children and adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted during March 2022 to July 2022 among 268 students aged 6 to 19 years using stratified multistage random sampling technique in Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India. Results: Among all 268 respondents including 118 (44%) females and 150 (56%) males, 116 (43.2%) respondents were aware of oral health problems. There were 251 (93.6%) respondents not aware of good oral hygiene practices and 224 (83.6%) suffered oral problems during last one year. Only 168 (62.7%) out of 268 respondents consulted dentists. Whereas, 231 (86.2%) were scared of consulting during covid-19 lockdown. Among those who consulted, 87 (51.7%) didn’t face any problem during dental checkup and satisfaction with consultation was reported by 146 (86.9%) respondents. High cost of treatment (41.7%) fear of absence from schools (40.0%) followed by misconception that treatment was not necessary (31.0%) came out to be the most common reasons on non-consultation. Conclusions: Present study reported high prevalence of oral health problems and lack of awareness regarding good oral hygiene practices among respondents. Oral health education should be imparted among children and adolescents for adopting good hygiene practices and timely seeking dental health care.

A local dark tea - Liubao tea - extract exhibits remarkable performance in oral tissue regeneration, inflammation relief and oral microbiota reconstruction.

The prevalence of oral health problems is ubiquitous in contemporary society, with particular emphasis placed on the central role of oral flora in mitigating this issue. Both ancient literature and modern research have highlighted the promising application of tea with substantial bioactive properties, particularly dark tea, in preserving and promoting oral health. Liubao tea, a widely consumed dark tea with increasing popularity in recent years, has been reported to possess abundant bioactive constituents, exhibit remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, modulate the flora structure and so on. It may be a promising candidate for addressing oral health problems. In this study, Liubao tea was meticulously extracted, purified and identified, followed by an investigation of its potential to modulate oral microecology by virtue of an acetic acid-induced oral disorder murine model. The results revealed that Liubao tea extract (LTE) application commendably reconstructed the oral mucosal barrier, promoted tissue regeneration and mitigated micro-inflammation. Furthermore, LTE treatment could also ameliorate the oral flora composition by decreasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and increasing the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria at the phylum level, as well as inhibiting pernicious bacteria such as Streptococcus and Delftia acidovorans. So, it could promote the generation of a beneficial microenvironment and regulate the immune process. Overall, LTE demonstrated remarkable potential in regulating the balance of oral microecology, suggesting that it may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for oral health concerns.

PREVALENCE OF ORAL MUCOSAL LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL CENTER

Background: Psychological stress adversely affects the physiological effectiveness of a person to an abundant point of melancholy. Considering the high prevalence of oral health problems in psychiatric patients, the present study was conducted to assess prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in psychiatric patients attending psychiatric outpatient department (OPD) at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Outpatient Department of psychiatry at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital in Biratnagar. A total number of 130 patients diagnosed with oral mucosal lesions and stress related conditions were screened. Data for this research was collected by Oral visual examination. Statistical analysis was carried out by using spss software version 21 with use of descriptive statistics like mean and percentage. Results: Majority of the participants were females constituting of 61% of the study group and male subjects with 39 % of the sample size. Major participants were of 38-48 years of range and least from 58 years and above. Schizophrenia was most prevalent psychiatric disorder. Lichen planus was mostly associated with 38% of females, while apthous ulcers were predominant in 40 % of male populations. Conclusions: Oral mucosal Lesions lessen the quality of life of patients, the role of stress and other psychogenic factors cannot be ruled out. The present study highlights the association of stress and anxiety in development of mucosal lesions in patients with psychiatric disorders.

Educational Intervention on Pediatricians’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Child Oral Health: A Hospital Based Longitudinal Study

Background: Pediatricians provide multiple early childhood screenings and are in a privileged position to promote child oral health by enacting timely dental referrals. Our primary objective included assessing the pre- and post- educational intervention knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatricians on child oral health. The secondary objective included the assessment of prevalence of oral health problems in children attending Pediatrics out-patient department (OPD). Methods: This one-year hospital based longitudinal study involved conveniently selected 400 children (6 months to 14-years-old) from Pediatrics OPD and 12 pediatricians (complete enumeration) from a university hospital, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal. Screening for oral health problems in children was performed. Pre- and post-educational intervention knowledge and attitude towards child oral health of the pediatricians were assessed using a validated questionnaire. The practice component was assessed through pre- questionnaire and pre- and post-intervention dental referral paper practice. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square and paired t-tests. Results: Educational intervention significantly increased the knowledge score of the pediatricians but not their attitude (p = 0.72) or the paper dental referral practice. Oral health problems were observed in 59.3% of the children attending pediatrics OPD, dental caries being the most prevalent (49.9%). Conclusion: More than half of the children attending pediatrics OPD had oral health problems. Educational intervention was effective in improving pediatricians’ knowledge but not their attitude and the paper dental referral practice.

Prevalence of Oral Health Problems and Distribution According to Socio-demographic Variables and Blood Groups among Patients in the Tripoli Region

Background: Oral health plays an important role in maintaining life functions and quality of life. Periodontal disease can vary with respect to bacterial etiology, host response, and clinical disease progression. A key role of genetic effects has suggested distribution of lesions and severity of destruction in each individual. Many diseases, particularly digestive disorders, cancer, and infection, show preferences among the ABO blood types. Knowledge of blood groups and their association with oral diseases is very important, as it may help in early diagnosis and treatment strategies‏. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the distribution of patients with oral and dental health problems according to age, regions, Socio-demographic Variables, and blood groups in the Tripoli region. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 patients with oral and dental health problems attending six medical centers in Tripoli region from the 01st March 2022 to the 01st June 2022. Also, 100 healthy individuals without any oral and dental health problems or any other diseases were recruited as a control group. This study was approved by the Research and Ethical Committee of the medical centers and Libyan Academy of graduate studies. One ml of venous blood was withdrawn from each participant in the study for determination of blood groups. The data were compared using Chi-Square using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25. Results: The results showed that the mean age of the patients was 43.03±13.82 years. The higher distribution of patients was 58 patients (29%) in the age group (26-35) years while the lower distribution was 10 patients (5%) in the age group (66-75) years. The distribution of patients according to the region were 81.5%, 13%, 4%, and 1.5% in Tripoli, South Tripoli, West Tripoli, and East Tripoli, respectively. The Distribution of patients according to occupation were 4.5% Students, 30% Housewives, 10.5% Employers, 12.5% Teachers, 14% Nurses, 7.5% Doctors, 12.5% Laboratory Technicians and 8.5% Freelance workers. The distribution of patients according to levels of education were 23.5% Pre-Secondary, 19% Secondary, 46% Bachelor's or equivalent, and 11.5% Master's or equivalent. The distribution of patients according to marital status were 26% single and 74% married. The distribution of patients according to oral and dental problems were 5% with bridge, 8% with missing teeth, 86% with dental caries, 63.5% with bleeding of gum, and 25.5% with swelling of gum. The degrees of gingival erythema among patients were 36.5% mild, 38% moderate, and 25.5% severe. The degrees of gingival inflammation among patients were 36% mild, 38.5% moderate, and 25.5% severe. The distribution of A, B, AB, and O blood groups showed a significant (P=0.000) difference between healthy individuals and oral and dental health problems among patients that, were 54%, 12%, 4%& 30%, and 21.5%, 9%, 3.5% & 66%, respectively. Also, the distribution of A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, O+, and O- blood groups showed a significant (P=0.000) difference between healthy individuals and patients with oral and dental health problems that, were 49%, 5%, 10%, 2%, 4%, 25%, & 5%, and 18%, 3.5%, 8%, 1%, 3.5%, 60%& 6%, respectively. But, the distribution of Rh+ and Rh- blood groups showed a non-significant (P=0.695) difference between healthy individuals and patients that, were 88% & 12%, and 89.5%& 10.5%, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the mean age of the patients with oral and dental health problems was 43.03 years and the higher distribution of patients was in the age group (26-35) years. The higher distribution of ABO blood groups was O blood group among patients especially O+ blood groups. The distribution of Rh+ and Rh- blood groups were showed a non-significant difference between healthy individuals and patients with oral and dental health problems. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ORAL HEALTH OF INDIVIDUALS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AT CERCI PORTALEGRE

Introduction: At the present time, progress has been made between the relation in oral health and general health. Therefore, deepen knowledge of the oral health status of a population is essential for the establishment of health promotion measures. Since populations with special needs require a multidisciplinary approach, it is even more important to define these measures. The first step will be to establish the baseline values of a population, and thus to better understand their oral health needs. Objectives: This work aims to characterize the oral health status of a population with special needs at Cerci Portalegre. Methods: After obtaining the informed consent of the heads of the institution and the individuals’ legal guardians, as well as the consent of the individuals, the observation of the oral cavity was carried out to collect the present and past history of dental caries using the DMFT index (index of decayed, missing and filled teeth) and the evaluation of bacterial plaque accumulation on the dental surface by the DI’S index (bacterial plaque index). Results: Forty individuals were observed, 29 men and 11 women, with a mean age of 35 years. It was observed that these individuals had a mean value of DMFT of 4.7 decayed, missing and filled teeth, with no statistically significant difference between men and women (p=0.952). The mean value of DI’S was 2.02 which represents a high value of bacterial plaque accumulation which, being an etiological factor of oral diseases, indicates a risk of developing oral health problems. Conclusions: Patients with disabilities in most cases require more care at the level of oral health, due to their physical and mental inability to perform correct oral hygiene habits. Therefore, promoting oral health and educational measures may play a relevant role in the study population for the prevention of oral health problems and consequently other health problems.

Oral health problems in nursing homes, revision of oral health care delivery is needed

Prevalence of oral health problems among nursing home residents is common, they suffer from oral diseases and need dental service. The aim of this study was to examine clinical oral health of Icelandic nursing home residents and their oral health quality of life. Total (N=82) residents in two nursing homes in Reykjavik gave their consent to be involved in this descriptive cross-sectional study. Residents participated in a clinical oral health examination at site and answered oral health quality of life questionnaire. Total 89% (N=73) residents completed the study, mean age 86.8 years (SD=5.7, range 73-100 years), of whom third had their own teeth and like had teeth, and partial dentures, while 41.1% were completely edentulous. The clinical oral health examination showed high prevalence of untreated oral health problems (67%). Residents with the worst oral health scored significantly higher than those who were better dentate, affecting their oral health quality of life (p=0.014), functional limitation (p=0.002) and physical disability (p=0.000). Most oral health problems interrelated to chewing, eating and limited ability to eat certain foods affecting their capability of food intake. Current administration of oral health care in nursing home needs alteration and the qualification in geriatric oral health and oral health care must be guaranteed among nursing staff in these settings. The public and health professions should work together in oral care matters in nursing homes to maintain oral health and lifelong oral health quality of life among residents.

Assessment of oral health problems and oral hygiene practices among palliative care patients using a new tool: A pilot study

Introduction: This research paper is a cross-sectional study that aims to estimate the prevalence of oral health problems among adult patients in palliative care, as well as to investigate the oral hygiene practices of palliative care patients in Brunei Darussalam. Patients and methods: In this study, the Oral Palliative Care and Assessment and Referral tool (OPCAR) along with a 15-item questionnaire were utilized as reliable tools for measurements. All palliative care patients who had been assessed in this study were invited to participate. A total of 90 palliative care patients were invited to participate and 73 patient data were used for the subsequent data analysis. Results: The three most common problems among palliative care patients were saliva, lips, and teeth category. Fisher’s exact test identified there were significantly higher teeth-related problems (teeth caries, fracture, broken root stumps) in non-denture wearing patients as compared with denture wearing patients. However, other associations between denture wearing to oral hygiene was of little significance. Conclusions: Using the normal approximation sample method, it was revealed that almost all the participants were eligible to be referred to the dental clinic for at least one oral problem.

POS-242 ASSESSMENT OF ORAL HEALTH IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is constantly increasing not only in industrialized countries but throughout the world. Incidence of CKD in Indian population is estimated to be 17%. CKD like many other systemic diseases, is associated with oral problems due to the disease process itself or the effects of therapy or both. Patients with CKD have increased prevalence of oral health problems in comparison to general population. CKD can give rise to wide spectrum of oral manifestations, affecting the hard or soft tissues of the mouth.

Mode action prediction of catechin from Uncaria gambir Roxb. against UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvyl-glucosamine reductase (MurB enzyme) of Streptococcus mutans: In silico study.

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of oral health problems in the global population is still high, especially dental caries, which is considered a multifactorial disease involving the role of bacteria, namely Streptococcus mutans. Gram-positive bacteria metabolize carbohydrates and sugars and convert them into lactic acid, causing dental caries. The peptidoglycan (PG) layer at the outer surface of the bacteria acts as protection. MurB enzyme is known for its contribution to PG biosynthesis. Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is famous for many efficacies. Previous studies show that catechin from herb plants such as U. gambir has antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate and predict the antibacterial activity of catechin from U. gambir against the MurB enzyme, which contributes to forming the bacteria PG, with an in silico approach. The structure of the MurB enzyme was collected from UniProt, and the ligands (catechin and chlorhexidine) structures were obtained from PubChem. The AutoDock software was used to dock both ligand and MurB enzyme visualized using PyMOL and analyzed using BIOVIA. The results showed that catechin has a binding affinity of more than − 7 kcal/mol against the MurB enzyme, and chlorhexidine has a higher binding affinity than catechin. Both catechin and chlorhexidine have similar amino acids attachment by hydrogen bonds. The results showed that catechin has competitive antibacterial activity against chlorhexidine in inhibiting the MurB enzyme.

Oral Health Among Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs.

We sought to estimate the prevalence of oral health problems and receipt of preventive oral health (POH) services among children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) and investigate associations with child- and family-level characteristics. We used pooled data from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children's Health. The analytic sample was limited to children 1 to 17 years old, including 23 099 CYSHCN and 75 612 children without special health care needs (non-CYSHCN). Parent- and caregiver-reported measures of oral health problems were fair or poor teeth condition, decayed teeth and cavities, toothaches, and bleeding gums. POH services were preventive dental visits, cleanings, tooth brushing and oral health care instructions, fluoride, and sealants. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. A higher proportion of CYSHCN than non-CYSHCN received a preventive dental visit in the past year (84% vs 78%, P < .0001). Similar patterns were found for the specific preventive services examined. However, CYSHCN had higher rates of oral health problems compared with non-CYSHCN. For example, decayed teeth and cavities were reported in 16% of CYSHCN versus 11% in non-CYSHCN (P < .0001). In adjusted analyses, several factors were significantly associated with decreased prevalence of receipt of POH services among CYSHCN, including younger or older age, lower household education, non-English language, lack of health insurance, lack of a medical home, and worse condition of teeth. CYSHCN have higher rates of POH service use yet worse oral health status than non-CYSHCN. Ensuring appropriate use of POH services among CYSHCN is critical to the reduction of oral health problems.

Instituições geriátricas e negligência odontológica

Elderly abuse represents a whole of actions that include mistreatment, intentionally or not, or neglect against elder people. Mistreatment and neglect may be presence as restrictions, lack of basic care, poor hygiene, poor work conditions and lack of qualificated careers. Poor hygiene is the most serious problem of oral health on clependent elderly. In this population, oral hygiene must be provided. However, it has been constantly neglected, resulting in oral health collapse. Thc aim of this work is discuss some concepts and classify elderly abuse and neglect, list hypothesis of risk factors, review the legislation and identify the difficulties of caregivers. Furthermore, this study wants to stress the necessity of dentist's attention and responsibility of this issue. Dentists must be aware on this reality due to the high prevalence of oral health problems and needs in this group, emphasizing their social responsibility. Oral health care must be joined with the whole health attention, considering that quality of life of elderly people is strongly influenced by oral health conditions.

Impact of care level, setting and accommodation costs on a newly developed oral care nursing plan format for elderly patients with care needs - Results from a cross-sectional study.

A new oral care nursing plan format for improved communication among dentists, nursing staff and caregivers has been developed in Germany. We aimed to (1) describe this plan, (2) investigate the prevalence of oral health problems among elderly patients with care needs documented by the plan, outline the recommendations in the plans and (3) investigate whether the accommodation costs or care needs of patients influenced oral care quality or the need for oral hygiene support documented within the plan. In this cross-sectional trial, oral care nursing plans were collected from outpatient and inpatient care clinics. Items on the oral care nursing plan were divided into three areas (oral health, oral hygiene needs, and coordination needs and dental therapy) and were correlated with the care level and accommodation costs. Oral care nursing plans were collected from seven dentists (N=747; 94.5% from inpatient and 5.5% from outpatient care). The plans enabled documentation of well-known oral health and hygiene problems among elderly patients. In their current form, the plans provided recommendations for obvious oral hygiene tasks such as toothbrushing or fluoridating, rather than specialized tasks such as nutritional advice or dry mouth asymptomatic therapeutic approaches. Although accommodation costs were associated with the need for oral hygiene support (not with oral care condition), the care level influenced both measures. The oral care nursing plan can facilitate documentation of oral health and hygiene among elderly individuals with care needs. Further clarification of the plan would help promote careful documentation by dentists.