Prevalence Of Malnutrition In Adults Research Articles

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Malnutrition and In-Hospital Death in Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19.

Malnutrition and increased malnutrition risk are frequently identified in hospitalized adults. The increase in hospitalization rates during the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by the documentation of adverse hospitalization outcomes in the presence of certain co-morbidities, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. It was not clear whether the presence of malnutrition increased in-hospital death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. To estimate the effect of malnutrition on in-hospital mortality in adults hospitalized with COVID-19; and secondarily, to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in adults hospitalized with malnutrition during the COVID-19 pandemic. EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Collaboration databases were queried using the search terms malnutrition and COVID-19 and hospitalized adults and mortality. Studies were reviewed using the 14-question Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD) (questions appropriate for quantitative studies). Author names; date of publication; country; sample size; malnutrition prevalence; malnutrition screening/diagnostic method; number of deaths in malnourished patients; and number of deaths in adequately nourished patients were extracted. Data were analyzed using MedCalc software v20.210 (Ostend, Belgium). The Q and I2 tests were calculated; a forest plot was generated, and the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using the random effects model. Of the 90 studies identified, 12 were finally included in the meta-analysis. In the random effects model, malnutrition or increased malnutrition risk increased odds of in-hospital death by more than three-fold: OR 3.43 (95% CI 2.549-4.60), p < 0.001. The pooled prevalence estimate for malnutrition or increased malnutrition risk was 52.61% (95% CI 29.50-75.14%). It is clear that malnutrition is an ominous prognostic sign in patients hospitalized with COVID. This meta-analysis, which included studies from nine countries on four continents with data from 354,332 patients, is generalizable.

Malnutrition in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease: what is the best assessment method?

Rationale: Chronic kidney disease is a complex disease, with a significant impact due to complications in hospitalizations and worse clinical outcomes. The main objective was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in adults and elderly hospitalized with a chronic kidney disease diagnosis.

Incorporating Body Composition into Lung Transplant Assessment Enhances the Detection of Malnutrition

Progressive or severe malnutrition is a relative contraindication to lung transplant (LTx). The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) developed new criteria for malnutrition incorporating low muscle mass, relevant due to its high prevalence in severe lung disease. Objective is to compare the prevalence of malnutrition in adults assessed for LTx using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10-AM) criteria against GLIM criteria1. METHODS: Retrospective medical record analysis of adults assessed for LTx Sep 2018-Aug 2019. Weight history from dietitian assessment. Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) from physiotherapy assessment. Body Mass Index (BMI) and Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) from Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. BMI classification: underweight <18.5kg/m2, normal 18.5-24.9kg/m2, overweight 25.0-29.9kg/m2 and obese >30kg/m2. Criteria for malnutrition using ICD-10-AM: BMI <18.5kg/m2 or unintentional weight loss (moderate 5-9%, severe ≥10%) with reduced food intake. Criteria for malnutrition using GLIM: low BMI or low FFMI (males <17kg/m2, females <15kg/m2) or unintentional weight loss; plus reduced food intake and/or acute or chronic disease1. Of 130 patients assessed, 112 had all data for malnutrition classification [54% male; mean±SD age 54.5±13.8yrs; BMI 24.6±4.0kg/m2; 6MWT 334±119m]. Primary lung disease: ILD 38%, COPD 34%, Cystic Fibrosis 11%, re-transplant 9%, other 8%. BMI: underweight 7%, normal 44%, overweight 43%, obese 6%. FFMI in males was greater than females (17.4±1.8kg/m2 vs 14.3±1.8kg/m2, P <0.0001). Using ICD-10-AM, 26% were malnourished, of whom 28% were severe. Using GLIM, 59% were malnourished, 15% of these severe. Greater diagnosis using GLIM due to high prevalence of low FFMI (females 61% vs males 36%, p=0.009). Of those malnourished using GLIM, 58% would be missed using ICD-10-AM. A third (32%) of those malnourished using GLIM had a BMI >25kg/m2. Malnutrition was most common in COPD (79%) and re-transplant (70%), but there was no association with age or 6MWT. Use of GLIM improves detection of malnutrition, permitting more targeted nutrition interventions. Malnutrition in LTx candidates is seen across all BMI categories. Future studies are needed to investigate GLIM and LTx outcomes.1Jensen GA et al; JPEN 2019; 43:32-40.

The Prevalence of Malnutrition in Oncology Patients in a Greek General Hospital. Evaluation Using Anthropometric and Laboratory Measurements

Background and Purpose The incidence of malnutrition in oncology patients is high, and it depends on the type, location and stage of the tumor and on the treatment. In this empirical study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in adults with cancer in a Greek general hospital and to investigate the relationship between objective and subjective nutritional assessment of the patients.

Prevalence of malnutrition in adults in general practice in Gloucestershire

Prevalence of malnutrition in adults in general practice in Gloucestershire

Prevalence of malnutrition in adults in Queensland public hospitals and residential aged care facilities

AbstractAim: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition in Queensland public acute and residential aged care facilities, and explore effects of variables associated with malnutrition in these populations.Methods: A multicentre, cross‐sectional audit of a convenience sample of subjects was carried out as part of a larger audit of pressure ulcers in Queensland public acute and residential aged care facilities in 2002 and again in 2003. Dietitians in 20 hospitals and six aged care facilities conducted single‐day nutritional status audits of 2208 acute and 839 aged care subjects using the Subjective Global Assessment, in either or both audits. Subjects excluded were obstetric, same‐day, paediatric and mental health patients. Weighted average proportions of nutritional status categories for acute and residential aged care facilities across the two audits were determined and compared. The effects of gender, age, facility location and medical specialty on malnutrition were determined via logistic regression.Results: A mean of 34.7 ± 4.0% and 31.4 ± 9.5% of acute subjects and a median of 50.0% and 49.2% of residents of aged care facilities were found to be malnourished in Audits 1 and 2, respectively. Variables found to be significantly associated with an increased odds risk of malnutrition included: older age groups, male (in residential aged care facilities), metropolitan location of facility and medical specialty, in particular, oncology and critical care.Conclusion: Malnutrition is significant in public acute and residential aged care facilities in Queensland. Action must be taken to increase the recognition, prevention and treatment of malnutrition especially in high‐risk groups.