Prevalence Of Knee Osteoarthritis Research Articles

Epidemiology of knee osteoarthritis in India and related factors.

Background:Among the chronic rheumatic diseases, hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and is a leading cause of pain and disability in most countries worldwide. Its prevalence increases with age and generally affects women more frequently than men. OA is strongly associated with aging and heavy physical occupational activity, a required livelihood for many people living in rural communities in developing countries. Determining region-specific OA prevalence and risk factor profiles will provide important information for planning future cost effective preventive strategies and health care services.Materials and Methods:The study was a community based cross sectional study to find out the prevalence of primary knee OA in India which has a population of 1.252 billion. The study was done across five sites in India. Each site was further divided into big city, small city, town, and village. The total sample size was 5000 subjects. Tools consisted of a structured questionnaire and plain skiagrams for confirmation of OA. Diagnosis was done using Kellgren and Lawrence scale for osteoarthritis.Results:Overall prevalence of knee OA was found to be 28.7%. The associated factors were found to be female gender (prevalence of 31.6%) (P = 0.007), obesity (P = 0.04), age (P = 0.001) and sedentary work (P = 0.001).Conclusions:There is scarcity of studies done in India which has varied socio geographical background and communities. We conducted this study for analyzing the current prevalence of OA in different locations. This study has evidenced a large percentage of population as borderline OA; therefore, it depends mainly on the prevention of modifiable risk factors to preserve at ease movement in elderly population through awareness programs.

Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Treatment of Advanced Osteoarthritis of the Knee: Utilization and Cost in a National Population Sample.

The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is increasing in the aging U.S. The efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) injections for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis are debated. In this study, we assessed the utilization and costs of HA injections in the 12 months preceding total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and evaluated the usage of HA injections in end-stage knee osteoarthritis management in relation to other treatments. MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits databases (Truven Health Analytics) were reviewed to identify patients who underwent TKA from 2005 to 2012. The utilization of patient-specific osteoarthritis-related health care (including medications, corticosteroid injections, HA injections, imaging, and office visits) and payment information were analyzed for the 12 months preceding TKA. A total of 244,059 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of those, 35,935 (14.7%) had ≥1 HA injection in the 12 months preceding TKA. HA injections were responsible for 16.4% of all knee osteoarthritis-related payments, trailing only imaging studies (18.2%), and HA injections accounted for 25.2% of treatment-specific payments, a rate that was higher than that of any other treatment. Patients receiving HA injections were significantly more likely to receive additional knee osteoarthritis-related treatments compared with patients who did not receive HA injections. Despite numerous studies questioning the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of HA injections for osteoarthritis of the knee, HA injections are still utilized for a substantial percentage of patients. Given the paucity of data supporting the effectiveness of HA injections and the current cost-conscious health-care climate, decreasing their use among patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis may represent a substantial cost reduction that likely does not adversely impact the quality of care.

Associations Between Fat Mass, Lean Mass, and Knee Osteoarthritis: The Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V).

As little is known about the associations between body composition (fat mass and lean mass) and knee OA, especially regarding body parts (upper body and lower limbs), the purpose of this study was to identify the association between the former and the prevalence of the latter according to body parts. This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis, with 4194 people (1801 men and 2393 women) from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, 2010-2011) included. Body composition (fat mass and lean mass) was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and knee OA was diagnosed based on the level of Kellgren-Lawrence grade. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, upper body composition was not significantly correlated with radiographic knee OA (P>0.05), while participants with higher lean mass of lower limbs were less likely to have radiographic knee OA (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.32-0.99). In stratified analysis, participants with higher lean mass of lower limbs were less likely to have a radiographic knee OA in 40-54kg (P for trend=0.05) and 55-70kg stratum (P for trend=0.03), while this trend slightly attenuated in 70-85kg stratum (P for trend=0.15). In conclusion, the increase in lean mass of lower limbs is inversely related to the prevalence of knee OA while upper body composition is not. This study suggests that the lean mass of lower limbs might be associated with reduction in the risk of knee OA.

Gender Disparities in Osteoarthritis-Related Health Care Utilization Before Total Knee Arthroplasty

ObjectivesWomen older than 50 years have higher prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and experience greater functional disability than men. No studies have examined large populations to identify knee OA-related health care utilization differences. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate gender differences in the utilization of OA-related health care resources in the 12 months preceding total knee arthroplasty (TKA). MethodsTruven Health MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefit databases were reviewed from 2005 to 2012. Subjects were included if they underwent TKA, had associated diagnosis of lower leg OA, and were continuously in the database for 12 months preceding TKA. Patient-specific OA-related health care utilization was identified. Multivariate logistic regression analysis controlling for age, region, and Charlson Comorbidity Index was performed to isolate the influence of gender. ResultsA total of 244,059 patients with a mean age of 64.8 years consisting of 61.2% women were included. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted odds ratios showed that when compared to men, women were 30%, 20%, 31%, 18%, 19%, 29%, and 39%, more likely to receive a narcotic analgesic, nonnarcotic analgesics, corticosteroid injection, hyaluronic acid injection, knee magnetic resonance imaging, a physical therapy evaluation, and occupational therapy evaluation in the 12 months preceding TKA, respectively. ConclusionWomen have a significantly higher utilization of knee OA-related health care in the 12 months preceding TKA. Although the precise cause for this discrepancy in care cannot be determined from this study, it highlights a potential bias in management of advanced knee OA and directions for further investigation.

A Comparative Study between Joint Mobilization and Conventional Physiotherapy in Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (O.A.) is an active disease process involving articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening and new bone formation. Worldwide osteoarthritis is estimated to be the fourth leading cause of disability, in which 10% are males and 13% are females. Studies from china, Bangladesh and Pakistan have shown high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis. Pharmacological interventions, surgical procedures and Physiotherapy management play important role in knee Osteoarthritis. In Physiotherapy management of osteoarthritis, manual therapy along with thermotherapy and/or electrotherapy is used. Current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of joint mobilization in knee osteo-arthritis.Methods: Comparative study was undertaken on 50 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee who were randomly assigned to one of two groups that received Joint mobilization alone (n = 25; mean age, 53 years) or Conventional Physiotherapy (n = 25; mean age, 50 years).Both groups were received their programs for 8 weeks; two sessions per week. Analysis of data within group and between groups of the pre and post treatment values of the function and pain was done using pair t test and independent t test.Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in ISOA score and VAS. There was statistical significant difference between the two groups (Group A and B) i.e. p < 0.005.Conclusion: Manual joint mobilization improves the effectiveness of the treatment program in treating symptoms of knee OA and improves function in elderly people with knee OA.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic diseases in Cuenca, Ecuador: a WHO-ILAR COPCORD study.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and rheumatic diseases in subjects over 18years of age from the canton of Cuenca, Ecuador. Cross-sectional analytical community-based study was conducted in subjects over 18years of age using the validated Community-Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) questionnaire. Random sampling was used. The questionnaire was administered by standardized health workers. Subjects were visited house by house. Subjects positive for musculoskeletal (MSK) pain in the last 7days and at some point in life were assessed by rheumatologists to confirm the diagnosis. A total of 4877 subjects participated, with an average age of 42.8 (SD 18.8) years of age; 59.7% were women; 69.7% lived in urban areas. 32.5% reported MSK pain in the last 7days and 45.7% at some point in life. The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was 7.4%, hand osteoarthritis 5.3%, low back pain 9.3%, rheumatoid arthritis 0.8%, fibromyalgia 2%, gout 0.4%, and lupus 0.06%. Subjects from rural areas reported experiencing more MSK pain in the last 7days and at some point in life, lower income, poorer health-care coverage, and increased physical activity involving repetitive tasks such as lifting weights or cooking with firewood. MSK pain prevalence was high. Osteoarthritis and low back pain were the most common diseases. Age, sex, physical activity, repetitive tasks, living in a rural area, and lack of health-care coverage were found to be associated with MSK pain.

Common valgus malalignment and high prevalence of lateral compartmental radiographic knee OA: The Wuchuan OA Study

Common valgus malalignment and high prevalence of lateral compartmental radiographic knee OA: The Wuchuan OA Study

Is rugby playing load predictive of lower limb osteoarthritis in former international rugby players?

Purpose: Rugby union (rugby) is a full contact collision sport with global participation of over 7.23 million men, women and children across 120 countries. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and chronic disability globally, more commonly diagnosed in older populations. There is a known association between injury and the development of OA; however the relationship between sport, exercise and injury remains ill-defined. As participation in rugby continues to rise and sport, exercise and physical activity are promoted, it is important to understand whether there is an association between sporting exposure and joint loading attributable to sports participation, and any subsequent development of negative musculoskeletal outcomes of the lower limb. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of OA within a cohort or former elite International rugby players, and examine which potentially modifiable rugby-related and injury-related risk factors are most predictive of OA-related outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was sent to former English International rugby players. Both postal and online recruitment strategies were used. Players received an initial overview describing the study’s aims and objectives before its launch, a formal approach to participate following its launch, and reminder communications. Former players reported their playing history, injury history, family history of OA, current pain, sentiments on their rugby career and the sport, and an abbreviated medical history. GP-diagnosed wear and tear, degeneration or OA and joint replacement were reported per person and by joint. Rugby-specific risk factors of total playing duration, duration at International level and total number of matches were tested for association with the primary outcome of any OA (physician diagnosed or joint replacement) at any joint; and the secondary outcome of site-specific OA at the knee or hip. Injury-specific risk factors of any rugby injury, and any joint-specific rugby injury were assessed for association with any OA and lower limb joint-specific OA. Univariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of each predictor with the primary and secondary outcomes. Results: 138 participants responded to this questionnaire. Participant demographics (mean (SD)) are: Age, 62 (15.5); Height 1.8 (0.1) m; Weight, 94.8 (16.2) kg; BMI, 28.9 (3.5) kg/m2. The prevalence of any GP-diagnosed OA was 61.5% and any joint replacement was 27.0%. GP-diagnosed OA at the hip was reported by 19.6% of respondents, with 16.9% reporting hip replacement. GP-diagnosed OA at the knee was reported by 38.5% of players, with 12.2% reporting knee replacement. The majority of players reflected positively on their playing career, with 90.5% of players stating that they would do the same again. Most players would recommend the sport to their relatives (74.3%) and 90.5% of players felt that rugby had enriched their lives. The mean (SD) playing load values are: total years rugby, 32.7 (4.5); number of seasons at International level, 3.8 (2.6); number of matches, 437.7 (185.5). The vast majority of players reported having had a severe injury, defined as 4 weeks or more of reduced participation in exercise, training or sport (86.7%). Severe injury of the knee was more prevalent (38.5%) than for the hip (20.3%). In this unadjusted univariable logistic regression of rugby-related predictors, no association was found between rugby playing load and OA outcomes at any or specific joints (Table 1 - * denotes significance). Rugby-related injury was found to be associated with GP-diagnosed OA, and associations were found between joint-specific rugby injury and OA of the hip (GP-diagnosed and joint replacement) and knee (GP-diagnosed). Conclusions: This study has described the prevalence of OA-outcomes in this population, and demonstrates a higher prevalence of hip and knee OA than many other population-based studies which range from 5.4 to 14.3 for symptomatic radiographic OA of the knee and 0.7–5.5 for symptomatic radiographic OA of the hip. The association of rugby injury (any, knee and hip) with OA reaffirms data previously published, suggesting an increased risk of the development of OA following joint injury. This study has shown that rugby playing load is not predictive of negative OA-outcomes in later life, at the knee and hip. The strong association of rugby injury with OA-outcomes at the knee and hip reinforces that injury is the most significant modifiable-risk factor of these predictors.Table 1The association between rugby and injury-specific risk factors and OA-outcomesPredictorAny GP OAAny TJRGP: HipTJR: HipGP: KneeTJR: KneeInjuryOR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)Any1.93 (.71–5.22)0.73 (.25–2.11)2.25 (.49–10.40)1.09 (.29–4.08)1.84 (.62–5.49)0.64 (.17–2.50)Any rugby injury2.57 (1.11–5.94)*0.73 (.30–1.79)0.87 (.32–2.39)0.69 (.25–1.93)2.14 (.85–4.43)0.56 (.18–1.72)Joint-specific rugby injury––4.88 (1.99–11.92)*6.75 (2.65–17.24)*7.15 (3.04–16.78)*1.73 (.58–5.15)RugbyTotal years of play0.96 (.88–1.03)0.97 (.89–1.06)0.97 (.87–1.07)0.97 (.87–1.08)0.97 (.91–1.07)1.03 (.92–1.15)Years at highest level1.03 (.90–1.17)0.99 (.86–1.14)0.99 (.85–1.16)0.95 (.80–1.13)1.01 (.90–1.16)0.96 (.79–1.16)Number of games0.99 (.99–1.00)1.00 (1.00–1.00)1.00 (1.00–1.00)1.00 (1.00–1.00)1.00 (1.00–1.00)1.00 (1.00–1.00) Open table in a new tab

Great Britain's Olympians with generalised joint hypermobility have a higher prevalence of knee osteoarthritis

Purpose: Individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) are reported, in the clinical setting, to be at greater risk of developing musculoskeletal related joint pain, joint dislocations and tendinopathies. It is hypothesized that impaired static and dynamic neuromuscular movement control in those with GJH is responsible for contributing to an increased risk of injury and subsequent knee osteoarthritis (OA). Yet, to date, it remains unproven if there is an association between GJH and knee OA.

Prevalence of Knee Osteoarthritis in 100 Athletically Active Veteran Soccer Players Compared With a Matched Group of 100 Military Personnel

Background: Although knee injuries in professional soccer (football) have been extensively studied, the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in veteran players is not well documented. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of knee OA in retired professional soccer players in comparison with a group of athletically active military personnel. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A group of 100 veteran Greek soccer players aged 35 to 55 years (mean [±SD] age, 46.90 ± 5.9 years) were examined for knee OA and were administered the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. A matched group of 100 athletically active military personnel served as a comparison group. Results: The sonographic prevalence of OA was significantly higher in the veteran soccer group (52%) than in the military group (33%) (n = 200; P = .010). This difference remained significant even after excluding participants with a history of knee surgery (44.1% vs 25.3%, respectively) (n = 151; P = .010). Femoral cartilage thickness was similar between the 2 groups (P = .473), while altered knee alignment had no effect on the prevalence of OA (P = .740). With the exception of perceived pain being more prevalent in the military group, there were no other statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in KOOS values. Conclusion: Veteran soccer players had a higher sonographic prevalence of knee OA but better pain scores than a matched group of athletically active military personnel.

Prevalence of Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, With or Without Meniscectomy: An Evidence-Based Practice Article.

What is the prevalence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) at a mean follow-up equal to or greater than 10 years after autologous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, with or without meniscectomy? The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were used to conduct this meta-analysis. Studies were identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library dating from their earliest file until October 2010. Key terms applied for searching were anterior cruciate ligament or ACL, autologous, follow-up, long-term, outcome, reconstruction, results, treatment, and (osteo)arthritis or osteoarthrosis. The reference lists of included studies were also manually checked to ensure that relevant articles were not omitted. The authors limited their search to English- and French-language journals. Included studies provided radiographic outcomes after autologous ACL reconstruction and had a mean follow-up of ≥10 years. Excluded studies evaluated ACL reconstruction with major concomitant surgical procedures (eg, meniscal allograft transplantation, high tibial osteotomy). In addition, data from 2 studies completed by the same research team with identical patient populations were limited to the article with the longest follow-up. Finally, manuscripts with inaccurate or incomplete data were excluded. The following key characteristics of each study were extracted: type of study (prospective or retrospective); ACL surgical procedure (eg, open or arthroscopic bone-patellar tendon-bone graft); time frame of surgery; mean follow-up (in years) post-ACL reconstruction; total number of participants with radiographs; total number of participants with radiographic OA at follow-up; and number of participants with meniscectomy before, during, or after ACL reconstruction. Although the OA diagnosis was based on radiographic criteria, the included studies used 4 OA classifications and grading scales: Ahlbäck, Fairbanks, Kellgren and Lawrence, and International Knee Documentation Committee. Regardless of classification or grading scale, OA was defined as the presence of joint-space narrowing: Ahlbäck grades 1 through 5, modified Fairbanks grades 2 and 3, Kellgren and Lawrence ≥2, and International Knee Documentation Committee grades C and D. Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral OA data were collapsed due to the lack of reporting specificity among the studies. Participants were categorized into a meniscectomy or nonmeniscectomy group if this information was reported. Partial or total meniscectomies before, during, or after ACL reconstruction were collapsed regardless of location (medial or lateral compartment), and those patients who underwent a meniscal repair were grouped into the nonmeniscectomy group. Data were analyzed using odds ratios, the Cochran χ2 test, and a random-effects meta-regression analysis. The DerSimonian and Laird approach was used to assess study heterogeneity. P values below .05 were considered statistically significant. The initial computerized database search resulted in 211 possible studies. However, after the authors applied the inclusionary and exclusionary criteria, only 16 studies were relevant. A total of 1554 participants were available at the follow-up period. Mean follow-up ranged from 10 to 24.5 years; 11 of the 16 articles had a mean follow-up between 10 and 12 years. Heterogeneity was large (I2 = 96%), which indicated that the included studies generated a wide range of knee OA prevalence (2%-79%). Almost 28% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 16.3%, 43.5%) of participants had radiographic knee OA. A total of 1264 participants were involved in studies that evaluated meniscectomies (n = 11). Among the 614 participants with either partial or total meniscectomies, 50.4% had radiographic knee OA (95% CI = 27.4%, 73.1%). In contrast, only 16.4% (95% CI = 7.0%, 33.9%) of those without a meniscectomy had radiographic knee OA. The findings of Claes et al reflected a radiographic knee OA prevalence at a minimum average of 10 years' postautologous ACL reconstruction that was lower than commonly perceived (up to 79%). In addition, meniscectomy was an important risk factor (3.54-fold increase) for developing OA after ACL reconstruction.

The Prevalence of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in China: Results From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

To estimate the prevalence of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in China. Using data collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a population-based longitudinal survey conducted between 2011 and 2012, we estimated the prevalence of symptomatic knee OA according to sex, age, rural/urban area, socioeconomic status, and geographic region. Among 17,128 individuals (8,367 men and 8,761 women; mean age 59.8 years) included in the analysis, 8.1% had symptomatic knee OA. The prevalence of symptomatic knee OA was higher in women (10.3%) compared with men (5.7%) (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.88 [95% confidence interval 1.64-2.17]). The prevalence of symptomatic knee OA increased with age (P for trend <0.01). Symptomatic knee OA was more common in rural areas than in urban areas (OR 1.84 [95% confidence interval 1.46-2.31]). The prevalence of symptomatic knee OA was lower among individuals who had received more years of education and who lived in more developed areas (P for trend <0.01). The North and East regions of China had the lowest prevalence of symptomatic knee OA (5.4% and 5.5%, respectively), followed by the North-East (7.0%), South-Central (7.8%), and North-West (10.8%) regions. The prevalence was highest (13.7%) in subjects living in the South-West region. Symptomatic knee OA in China was prevalent, and the prevalence varied according to sociodemographic, economic, and geographic factors. Epidemiologic studies identifying risk factors that contribute to variation in the prevalence of symptomatic knee OA in China are warranted.

Effects of Tai Ji Quan training on gait kinematics in older Chinese women with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAlthough Tai Ji Quan has been shown to relieve pain and improve functional mobility in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), little is known about its potential benefits on gait characteristics among older Chinese women who have a high prevalence of both radiographic and symptomatic knee OA. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a tailored Tai Ji Quan intervention on gait kinematics for older Chinese women with knee OA. MethodsA randomized controlled trial involving 46 older women in Shanghai, China, with clinically diagnosed knee OA. Randomized (1:1) participants received either a 60 min Tai Ji Quan session (n = 23) 3 times weekly or a 60 min bi-weekly educational session (n = 23) for 24 weeks. Primary outcomes were changes in gait kinematic measures from baseline to 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in scores on the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). ResultsAfter 24 weeks the Tai Ji Quan group demonstrated better performance in gait velocity (mean difference, 8.40 cm/s, p = 0.01), step length (mean difference, 3.52 cm, p = 0.004), initial contact angle (mean difference, 2.19°, p = 0.01), and maximal angle (mean difference, 2.61°, p = 0.003) of flexed knees during stance phase compared to the control group. In addition, the Tai Ji Quan group showed significant improvement in WOMAC scores (p < 0.01) (mean difference, −4.22 points in pain, p = 0.002; −2.41 points in stiffness, p < 0.001; −11.04 points in physical function, p = 0.006) and SPPB scores (mean difference, 1.22 points, p < 0.001). ConclusionAmong older Chinese women with knee OA, a tailored Tai Ji Quan intervention improved gait outcomes. The intervention also improved overall function as indexed by the WOMAC and SPPB. These results support the use of Tai Ji Quan for older Chinese adults with knee OA to both improve their functional mobility and reduce pain symptomatology.

Association between direct and indirect smoking and osteoarthritis prevalence in Koreans: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesTo assess the association between smoking patterns and knee and hip joint osteoarthritis (OA) prevalence in Koreans aged 50 years or older with focus on knee OA.DesignCross-sectional study using nationally...

Associations between dietary antioxidants intake and radiographic knee osteoarthritis.

The aim of the study is to examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary antioxidants (carotenoid, vitamin C, E, and selenium) intake and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). A total of 4685 participants were included in this study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Radiographic knee OA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade 2 in at least one leg. A multivariable logistic analysis model was established to test the relationship between dietary antioxidants (carotenoid, vitamin C, E, and selenium) intake and radiographic knee OA with adjustment of a number of potential confounding factors. A significant positive association between dietary vitamin C intake (P value for trend was 0.04 in multivariable adjusted analysis) and radiographic knee OA was observed. The relative odds of radiographic knee OA were increased by 0.39 times in the third quintile (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11-1.73), 0.42 times in the fourth quintile (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13-1.79), and 0.33 times in the fifth quintile (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.71). However, radiographic knee OA was not significantly associated with dietary carotenoid, vitamin E, and selenium. Among dietary antioxidants, dietary vitamin C intake was positively correlated with the prevalence of radiographic knee OA, while no significant association was found between dietary intake of carotenoid, vitamin E, and selenium and the prevalence of radiographic knee OA.

A study on knee joint osteoarthritis among the women aged above 40 years, residing in the urban field practice area at tertiary care centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease. Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is reported to increase in females during premenopausal age and remains high throughout menopause. The Indian elderly population has increased to 8.6% in 2011 census, with life expectancy of 68.2 years. This has led Indian women to live with problem of osteoarthritis for long time as compared to other countries. Osteoarthritis is also associated with decreased physical activity and in turn affecting health related quality of life. Hence this study is taken up to estimate the prevalence of osteoarthritis and to assess the treatment seeking behavior of women in the community. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 120 women above the age of 40 years from January to March 2015 in urban field practice area of BMCRI. Data collection was done by house to house visit. Information was collected by using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The estimated prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among women aged 40 years and above was 55% (66). Out of 66 women who had osteoarthritis 68.2% were currently on treatment. We also found that 65.2% (43) of the women had difficulty in doing daily routine activities. Conclusion: The high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is due to majority of women is developing osteoarthritis at a younger age. This is leading to decrease in quality of life of women at a younger age group in the community.

Osteoarthritis of knee and factors associated with it in middle aged women in a rural area of central Kerala, India

Background: Osteoarthritis is the fourth leading cause of years lived with disability around the world. Prevalence of osteoarthritis is more in females compared to males. Objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of osteoarthritis of knee in middle aged women and factors associated with it. Methods: A cross -sectional study was conducted in ward 16 of Ettumanoor panchayat. A total of 375 women above 40 years were included in the study. The data was collected at their residences using a semi structured interview schedule which include demographic details and various factors associated with osteoarthritis. Weight, height, waist circumference were measured and knee joint examination was done. Data analyzed by SPSS version 19.0.The factors that were found to have a statistical significant relationship with osteoarthritis were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in the study sample was 41.6% (95% CI- 41.6±1.25%). Among them 66.2% have bilateral osteoarthritis of knee joint. The factors that had a significant association with osteoarthritis were increasing age (p value of 0.001(OR=2.47(1.61-3.79), attained menopause or not (p value of 0.001(OR=3.15(1.96-5.06), underwent hysterectomy or not (p value of 0.038) (OR=2(1.02-4.04), family history of osteoarthritis (p value of 0.035 (OR=1.61(1.04-2.61), BMI>30 ( p value of 0.027(OR=1.86 (1.03-3.33), and history of trauma to the knee joint (p value of 0.042 (OR=1.51(0.88-2.59). Conclusions: The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in the study was 41.6% and the factors associated with knee osteoarthritis as per the study were increasing age, attainment of menopause, hysterectomy, family history of osteoarthritis, BMI>30 and history of trauma to the knee joint.

Prevalence and pattern of osteoarthritis of the knee at national orthopaedic hospital Enugu

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee and the risk factors associated with its development at National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu.Design: Cross sectional descriptive study.Setting: A regional orthopeadic centre in NigeriaSubjects: Two thousand three hundred and ten adults aged 30 years and above.Results: One hundred and fifty one patients were diagnosed as having symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee with a male to female ratio of 1:2.6. The prevalence of osteoarthritis increased with advancing age. It peaked at 70-79 years age group. The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee was noted to be higher in the female sex, house wives and farmers. The overall prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was 6.5%. Multiple risk factors played roles in the aetiology of osteoarthritis of the knee. The majority of the patients were obese. Obesity was noted in 49.7% of the patients while 24.5% of the patients reported having previous knee injuries. A positive family history of osteoarthritis of the knee was noted in 17.2% of the patients while it was noted to be idiopathic in 4.6% of the patients.Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the knee at National Orthopaedic Hospital Enugu is 6.5%. Prevalence was higher in the female sex, house wives and farmers. Obesity was the major risk factor while valgus knee was the commonest presentation.Keywords: Osteoarthritis of the knee, prevalence, risk factors, Enugu.

Analysis of Anthropometric Measurements and Dietary Intake in Patients Undergoing a Multi-Professional Osteoarthritis Education Program (PARQVE-Project Arthritis Recovering Quality of Life by Means of Education)

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a major impact on mobility and the loss of productivity of patients, especially knee OA (KOA). Obesity is one of the main risk factors for the incidence and prevalence of KOA. Weight loss alone decreases pain and improves quality of life and functional scores. Objective: To use BMI, body fat, and calorie intake to measure the effect of a multi-professional educational program on patients with KOA and correlate these measurements with subjective questionnaire results. Methods: A total of 198 patients undergoing standard treatment for KOA were randomized to 4 groups. All groups received written and video information regarding KOA. Three groups (1, 2 and 3) also attended two days of lectures 1, 2 and 3 months apart, respectively, whereas group 4 did not. Each group was divided into subgroups A (bimonthly telephone calls) and B (no telephone calls). All patients were evaluated at baseline and at one year for BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat, and calorie intake and with the WOMAC, LEQUESNE, VAS and SF-36 questionnaires. Results: The WHR showed 89.4% of android obesity at baseline and 87.9% at one year without improvement (p = 0.38). Body fat decreased by 0.44% regardless of group or subgroup. Calorie intake was different between groups (p = 0.019) according to phone calls and follow-up (p = 0.03). BMI and body fat percentage were correlated with the WOMAC, WOMAC pain, VAS and LEQUESNE scores at baseline and at reassessment. Weight was correlated with the baseline results of the WOMAC pain (r = 0.175, p = 0.014), VAS (r = 0.155, p = 0.029), LEQUESNE (r = 0.161, p = 0.023), SF-36-PCS (r = ?0.186, p = 0.009) and SF-36-MCS (r = 0.155, p = 0.029) scores and with the one-year results of the WOMAC (r = 0.155, p = 0.029) and WOMAC pain (r = 0.151, p = 0.034) scores. Conclusion: The multi-professional treatment program had very little impacts on the percentage of body fat. This improvement was independent of classes, telephone calls, or improvements in pain, function and quality of life. Calorie intake improvement was influenced by telephone calls and classes but was not associated with objective measurements of/or changes in weight, BMI, or body fat percentage or with subjective improvements.

Epidemiological characteristics of patellofemoral osteoarthritis in elderly Koreans and its symptomatic contribution in knee osteoarthritis

BackgroundMany studies have reported the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) but have invariably focused on the tibiofemoral (TF) joint and overlooked the patellofemoral (PF) joint. Accordingly, little epidemiological information is available regarding the PF OA. The purpose of the current study was to document the epidemiological characteristics of PF OA in elderly Koreans. MethodsRadiographic assessment was performed for 681 elderly (≥65years old) Koreans recruited from a community, and symptom severity was evaluated using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) scales. Prevalence of different categories of knee OA (isolated PF OA, isolated TF OA and combined PF and TF OA) was calculated. The symptoms of isolated PF OA group and non-OA group were compared. ResultsThe overall prevalence of OA was 22.0% in the PF compartment and 34.1% in the TF compartment. The prevalence of isolated PF OA, isolated TF OA, and combined PF and TF OA was 3.8%, 17.8%, and 19.2%, respectively. Female sex, aging, and obesity were not associated with isolated PF OA. No significant differences were found in any clinical outcome scales between the isolated PF and non-OA groups. ConclusionThis study documents that OA in the PF joint is common in elderly Koreans, but isolated PF OA is rare. Demographic risk factors are not associated with isolated PF OA, suggesting that isolated PF OA may have a different pathophysiology from other types of knee OA. Our study also indicates that the presence of isolated PF OA should not be construed to be responsible for clinical symptoms.