Prevalence Of Hypovitaminosis Research Articles

Chemical Analysis of Vitamin D Insufficient and Vitamin D Deficient Patient in Dera Ghazi Khan

Background: Among all vitamins, Vitamin D is important with respect to bone health and body immunity. Hypovitaminosis D is a global health issue, and considered as an epidemic. The worldwide, a billion of people with hypovitaminosis D has been estimated, however, there are a limited number of studies has been conducted in third world countries to measure the Vitamin D levels in their general population. This investigative study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in general population of District D. G. Khan, Pakistan. Methodology: After a personal visit in various hospitals, 100 patients with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were enrolled in the study. They full filling inclusion and exclusion criteria. After taking informed written consent, blood samples were drawn and examine the serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D. The serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D below 32 ng/ml is classified as Vitamin D insufficiency, while below 20 ng/ml is Vitamin D deficiency. Results: The mean age of 62 male (18-50) years and 38 females (18-50) years. Among these, serum 25(OH) Vitamin D means level of 62 male samples while 38 female samples were studied. The 27 males showed vitamin insufficiency, 25 males were Vitamin D deficient. Among 38 females, 11 subjects showed vitamin D insufficiency, 22 were vitamin D deficient, while 10 males and 5 females were normal control. The male subject showed significantly low serum calcium and phosphorous level, but elevated Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) level as compared to normal male control. Similar finding has been found in female subjects. Conclusion: The vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency reduces the serum calcium and phosphorous level, while it causes elevation of serum ALP level.

PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND HYPOVITAMINOSIS D AT SIRIRAJ METABOLIC BONE DISEASE CLINIC.

ABSTRACTObjective:To identify the prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D among patients at the Siriraj Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) Clinic, and to compare initial vitamin D levels in patients with and without a history of fragility fractures. Methods:Medical records of patients who attended our MBD clinic between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient baseline demographic, clinical, bone mineral density (BMD), and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Osteoporosis was diagnosed when patients had a BMD T-score <-2.5 or presented with fragility fractures. Results:There were 761 patients included in this study. Of these, 627 patients (82.4%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis and 508 patients (66.8%) had fragility fractures. Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were available in 685 patients. Of these, 391 patients (57.1%) were diagnosed with hypovitaminosis D. When evaluated only in patients with fragility fractures, the average initial 25(OH)D level was 28.2±11.6 ng/mL, and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 57.6%. Conclusion:A high prevalence of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D was found among patients at our clinic; two-thirds of patients had a history of fragility fractures, and no difference in initial 25(OH)D levels was seen between patients with and without fragility fractures. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study .

Poor vitamin D status increases the risk of anemia in school children: National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and the risk of anemia in a large cohort of children with consideration for the effects of sex, body mass index (BMI), serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations, and iron level status. A total of 937 children (493 boys, 444 girls) ages 9 to 12y were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The children underwent various examinations including anthropometric measurements and blood sampling. Overall, 13.3% of the children were anemic and 64.2% and 28.1% of the subjects had a vitamin D deficiency (<25nmol/L) and insufficiency (25-50nmol/L), respectively. Approximately 13% of the children had concurrent low hemoglobin and hypovitaminosis D levels. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the group of children with anemia was 96.8% compared with 91.6% in the non-anemic group (P=0.046). Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower in the anemic children compared with the non-anemic children (19.6±13.3 vs. 24.0±23.1nmol/L; P=0.003). After controlling for sex and BMI, children with a vitamin D deficiency were almost 3.45 times more likely to be anemic compared with children with a vitamin D sufficiency (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-9.81). The increased risk of anemia was found to start significantly at 25(OH)D<44nmol/L (17.6ng/mL; odds ratio: 2.29; 95% CI, 1.07-4.91, P=0.032). These findings strongly suggest an association between low circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D and anemia in a large, representative sample of children, even after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, and iPTH.

Vitamin D metabolism and osteoporosis in systemic sclerosis

In the past few years more and more data have become available on the important role of vitamin D in immunological processes and inflammation. The role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis as well as in disease progression of different autoimmune and inflammatory conditions is suspected. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in several autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis. Hypovitaminosis has been found to be associated with low bone mineral density and higher prevalence of osteoporosis in this group of patients. Determinants of low bone density in SSc are poorly understood. Studies have shown the importance of both traditional osteoporotic as well as disease-specific factors (extent of skin involvement, presence of internal organ manifestation, malabsorption, systemic sclerosis subtype, serological profile, medication) in the development of low bone mineral density. The relationship between low bone density in systemic sclerosis patients and the above mentioned risk factors may be more complex and the real role of each factor is unclear. Yet very few studies reported clinically relevant low bone mass outcomes such as fracture risk assessment and fracture associated mortality in scleroderma. This review aims to synthesize data about the essential role of vitamin D in immune homeostasis as well as the prevalence of hypovitaminosis, low bone density, changes in bone turnover markers and presence of osteoporosis in scleroderma patients. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(32): 1252-1258.

Vitamin D in Orthopaedics.

➢ Defining vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency by a single cutoff value remains controversial because of the variability of its functional effects on each individual.➢ A variety of orthopaedic populations have been shown to have insufficient vitamin D levels, including patients with trauma, National Football League (NFL) athletes, and patients undergoing elective shoulder arthroplasty and foot and ankle procedures, which may be a reflection of the overall prevalence of hypovitaminosis D.➢ Although supplementation may not prevent osteoporotic fractures, supplementation has been shown to effectively improve vitamin D levels in deficient patients.➢ Sufficient vitamin D levels may be associated with improved functional and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgical procedures.

Vitamin D: Correlation with biochemical and body composition changes in a southern Brazilian population and induction of cytotoxicity in mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue

Studies have shown that metabolic disorders, serum inflammatory markers and weight gain (obesity) are correlated with vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, the present study correlated the serum calcidiol (s25(OH)D3) levels in a sample of individuals from southern Brazil with variables related to metabolic disorders, obesity and lifestyle habits and assessed the cytotoxic effect of calcitriol on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). The results showed a 79.23% prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the study population and a correlation (p<0.05) between a low serum vitamin D concentration and an elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) level. Univariate linear regression analysis using 25(OH)D3 as a regressor showed a negative association (p<0.05) with an indoor work environment (β=−2.305), increased body fat (β=−0.095), age (β=−0.065) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c; β=−0.109). An in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay performed with ADSCs using five calcitriol concentrations (15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125 and 250nM) indicated cytotoxic potential (p<0.05) at the 62.5nM concentration at 48 and 72h and at the 125 and 250nM concentrations at 24, 48 and 72h. The results reported herein corroborate one another and suggest a key association between vitamin D deficiency and the development of obesity because ADSCs are involved in adipose tissue hyperplasia and differentiate into adipocytes that can sequester the bioavailable vitamin D necessary for homeostasis.

Association between baseline vitamin D metabolite levels and long-term cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from the CIMESTRA trial: protocol for a cohort study with patient-record evaluated outcomes

IntroductionCardiovascular morbidity and mortality is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and among these patients, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is high. Moreover, low vitamin D levels have been...

Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in institutionalized elderly

Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in institutionalized elderly

Standardizing 25-hydroxyvitamin D data from the HunMen cohort.

Standardization of 25OHD values is still a challenge. We propose standardization by correction of the measured 25OHD values using the linear regression equation derived from the analysis of relationship between total 25OHD values measured by the methodology used by the laboratory and the NIST total target values (TV) reported by the DEQAS for all 5 of the DEQAS samples in a given survey. We applied our approach to standardize total 25OHD values of the HunMen cohort. All 206 samples for the HunMen cohort were evaluated using the automated Liaison DiaSorin total 25OHD chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). The timing of these measurements coincided with that of the October 2015 DEQAS survey using samples 481 to 485. Following standardization, the mean total 25OHD changed from 53 to 62nmol/L and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (<75nmol/L) decreased significantly from 84 to 72%. A simple approach readily applicable at the routine diagnostic laboratory could perhaps be a practical solution to the anomaly surrounding non-standardized 25OHD values.

Consensus – reference ranges of vitamin D [25(OH)D] from the Brazilian medical societies. Brazilian Society of Clinical Pathology/Laboratory Medicine (SBPC/ML) and Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Vitamin D is considered a pre-hormone and plays a crucial role in calcium homeostasis and, consequently, in bone health. The best source of vitamin D is the skin in response to sunlight. Only small amounts of this vitamin are found in some foods (especially fatty fish), which makes availability of vitamin D in the diet limited. Brazilian population studies show that the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in our country is high. Objective: To define the reference intervals for vitamin D [25(OH)D]. Discussion: Consensus of specialists - literature review. Conclusion: The standardization of reference intervals is fundamental for the correct diagnosis and treatment of hypovitaminosis D.

Study of vitamin D levels and its correlation with insulin resistance

Background: Hypovitaminosis D has been reported as a risk factor for glucose intolerance. Although traditionally named as sunshine vitamin, in India, it is paradoxically deficient. Obesity is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) and prediabetes and other components of metabolic syndrome. Obesity is also commonly associated with hypovitaminosis D due to the capacity of adipose tissue to store 25-dihydroxy vitamin D making it biologically unavailable. Aims and Objectives: This study is designed to know the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and study its relation with IR from Central India. Materials and Methods: A total of 594 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 560 met inclusion-exclusion criteria. Body mass index (BMI), Waist-hip ratio, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting sample was taken for the following investigations: Fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, intact parathormone, lipid profile, and vitamin D were done. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Based on BMI, they were divided into two groups: Cases (n = 168) with BMI >25 and controls (n = 392) BMI

Is vitamin D deficiency a modern epidemic in tropical countries?

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. Prolong deficiency of Vitamin D leads to alteration in calcium metabolism thereby leading to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Deficiency of vitamin D is also an important cause of nonspecific back pain and other metabolic disturbances. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis is high in western countries and in this study we aim to find out the prevalence in general population. Methodology: Patients presenting to orthopaedics out patient with low back pain, generalised body pain for more than 3 months were included in the study. Total of 139 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 53.68 years. Details such as age, sex, diet, physical activity, body mass index and smoking status were also noted. Results: The mean vitamin D level of the overall study population was 37.8 ng/ml ranging from 12 ng/ml to 49.2 ng/ml. The mean vitamin D levels for males was 38.6ng/ml ranging from 21 ng/ml to 49.2ng/ml. The mean vitamin D level for females was 26.2ng/ml ranging from 12ng/ml to 47.8 ng/ml. 79.33% of the study population had low vitamin D. Significant difference between males and females was seen. The deficiency of vitamin D was more severe and more common in the older age group. Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is more common than it seems. There is a need for better education of general population regarding this ongoing epidemic and ways to tackle the deficiency of this sunshine vitamin.

Relationship between vitamin D status, glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

ObjectivesDetermine the prevalence and identify predictors of hypovitaminosis D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); 2) correlate vitamin D levels with variables indicative of glycemic control and cardiovascular risk.Research design and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with consecutive patients treated at a University Hospital’s Endocrinology outpatient clinic located at 12°58′S latitude, between October 2012 and November 2013. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 30 ng/mL (chemiluminescence).ResultsWe evaluated 108 patients with mean duration of T2DM of 14.34 ± 8.05 years and HbA1c of 9.2 ± 2.1%. Mean age was 58.29 ± 10.34 years. Most were women (72.2%), non-white (89.8%) and had hypertension (75.9%) and dyslipidemia (76.8%). Mean BMI was 28.01 ± 4.64 kg/m2; 75.9% were overweight. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 62%. In multiple logistic regression, independent predictors of hypovitaminosis D were female gender (OR 3.10, p = 0.02), dyslipidemia (OR 6.50, p < 0.01) and obesity (OR 2.55, p = 0.07). In multiple linear regression, only total cholesterol (β = −0.36, p < 0.01) and BMI (β = −0.21, p = 0.04) remained associated with levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D.ConclusionsUsing currently recommended cutoffs, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Brazilians with T2DM was as high as that of non-tropical regions. Female gender, dyslipidemia and obesity were predictors of hypovitaminosis D. Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were correlated with high cholesterol and BMI values. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether vitamin D replacement would improve these parameters and reduce hard cardiovascular outcomes.

Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D deficiency among women of Meknes region during 2013–2015

Summary The nutritional transition influences the hypovitaminosis D which causes hypocalcaemia and increases the risk of osteoporosis on Moroccan women. Objective Determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among Meknassies women during 2013–2015. Introduction The vitamin D contributes to maintain the phosphocalcique homeostasis. The deficiency of vitamin D causes bone loss and few studies have been held to this subject in Morocco. Material and methods Epidemiological investigation made with 1320 Meknassies women, who had blood analysis for vitamin D and calcium prescribed by attending physician in two laboratories of the medical analysis from January 2013 until December 2015. The blood analysis has made by Total Elecsys. Statistical analyses were run by SPSS13.0 software. The quantitative variables were age and 25 hydroxyvitamin D and calcium; the qualitative ones were the season and specialty of physician. Results Average age = 55,24 ± 13.98 years old, calcium = 91.34 ± 8,.1 mg/L, the rate of the median 25 hydroxyvitamin D = 12 ng/mL; 52.8% of the prescribers were general practitioners and rheumatologists; 73.1% of proportions mostly taken during summer (29.7%) and spring (28.3%). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis vitamin D was 85.4% associated with 37.3% of hypocalcaemia and cold seasons (winter 52.6%, autumn 26%). The linear logistic regression has been shown the variation of vitamin D was dependent to the age (2,084; 95% CI [0.006; 0.210]). Conclusion Hypovitaminosis D is public health problem, which increases the hypocalcaemia and osseous brittleness.

Association of vitamin D with insulin resistance in Argentine boys: A pilot study

Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with insulin resistance. The objectives of the study was to the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, and the association of vitamin D concentrations with age, Tanner stage, BMI and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR) in a group of healthy boys. Data were collected cross-sectionally at an amateur rugby club in the Buenos Aires suburbs in May, 2010. BMI, waist circumference, Tanner staging, blood pressure, and levels of glucose, lipids, and insulin were determined. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by radioimmunoassay. One hundred and sixteen boys aged 11.3 ± 2.4 y were examined; 19 (16.4%) and 40 (34.5%) boys were overweight and obese, respectively, per United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 52.2% of the children were at Tanner 1. Serum concentration of [25(OH)D] had a median value of 20 ng/mL (interquartile range 18–21 ng/mL). Sixty (52.6%) boys had insufficient [25(OH)D] ([25(OH)D > 20 but ≤ 30 ng/mL), and 54 (46.6%) had deficient levels ([25(OH)D] r −0.20, P = 0.03), waist circumference ( r −0.23, P = 0.01), HOMA-IR ( r −0.25, P = 0.007), and insulin ( r −0.29, P = 0.002). Multiple regression analysis showed that [25(OH)D] concentration was significantly and inversely associated with HOMA-IR, ( B = −0.8; p = 0.02) adjusted for Tanner and BMI (R 2 = 0.35). This study demonstrated an inverse association between [25(OH)D] and HOMA-IR in healthy boys adjusted for pubertal development and BMI. It also showed a high prevalence of both [25(OH)D] deficiency and insufficiency. Further research is needed on the prospective association between vitamin D and the risk for type 2 diabetes.

Serum vitamin C and spinal pain: a nationwide study.

Back pain brings about one of the heaviest burden of disease. Despite much research, this condition remains poorly understood, and effective treatments are frustratingly elusive. Thus, researchers in the field need to consider new hypotheses. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential cofactor for collagen crosslinks, a key determinant of ligament, tendon, and bone quality. Recent studies have reported high frequency of hypovitaminosis C in the general population. We hypothesized that lack of vitamin C contributes to poor collagen properties and back pain. We conducted this study to examine the associations between serum concentration of vitamin C and the prevalence of spinal pain and related functional limitations in the adult general population. This study used nationwide cross-sectional data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. Data were available for 4742 individuals aged ≥20 years. Suboptimal serum vitamin C concentrations were associated with the prevalence of neck pain (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-2.0), low back pain (aOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0-1.6), and low back pain with pain below knee (aOR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0-1.9) in the past 3 months, self-reported diagnosis of arthritis/rheumatism (aOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.7), and related functional limitations' score (adjusted difference of means [aB]: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.00-0.05). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis C in the general population is high. Our study shows associations between vitamin C and spinal pain that warrant further investigation to determine the possible importance of vitamin C in the treatment of back pain patients.

Vitamin D status in healthy Moroccan men and women aged 50years and older: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to compare the vitamin D status in healthy Moroccan men and women aged 50years and older. A total of 186 Moroccan women and 68 men, who had no previous diagnosis of osteoporosis, were recruited prospectively. We found in this study a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D with no difference between men and women. The main purpose of this study was to describe and compare the vitamin D status, parathormone, calcium, and phosphate of healthy Moroccan men and women aged 50years and older. We conducted two cross-sectional studies, in postmenopausal women from October 2008 to November 2009 and in men over 50years old, from December 2009 to August 2010. A total of 186 Moroccan women and 68 men, who had no previous diagnosis of osteoporosis, were recruited prospectively. For the definition of hypovitaminosis D, the preferred level for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) insufficiency, which is now recommended by many experts, is 30ng/mL (75nmol/L), and the levels below 10ng/ml (25nmol/L) indicate deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in men and women was 4.4 and 8.6%, respectively, and the prevalence of vitamin D(25(OH) D) insufficiency in men and women were 85.2 and 77.4%, respectively. In men and women, no correlations were found between intact parathormone (PTHi) and 25(OH) D (r = 0.056). Despite a sunny environment, we found in this study a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (insufficiency + deficiency) in Moroccan men over 50years old and postmenopausal women.

WCO07. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Portugal – the pormets study

WCO07. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Portugal – the pormets study

Vitamin D Status and Supplementation in the Critically Ill.

Vitamin D deficiency has recently been recognized as a widespread global disorder. Generally considered a direct extension of malnutrition, even subclinical hypovitaminosis D is now recognized in adequately nourished populations. Compared to the general population, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is greater in the critically ill population. In fact, several studies have shown poorer outcomes in critically ill patients discovered to be vitamin D deficient or insufficient. Controversy persists regarding vitamin D measurements, quantity of supplementation, and appropriate target level in various populations. Vitamin D has a vital role in calcium homeostasis and extra-skeletal health, such as immune function. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation may have a role for improving outcomes in critically ill patients. In this review, we will first discuss the metabolism and function of vitamin D under normal physiologic conditions. We will then explore the prevalence and prognostic value of vitamin D deficiency in critical illness. Finally, we will examine recent trials focusing on appropriate dosing, route of administration, and outcomes associated with vitamin D supplementation in the ICU.

Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its association with oral lesions in HIV-infected Brazilian adults.

This study assessed the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its association with oral candidiasis and clinical parameters of periodontitis (CPP) in HIV-infected patients. Periodontal examinations for the 113 HIV-infected patients were recorded using the Community Periodontal Index. A cytological smear from the lateral borders of the tongue was performed to evaluate candidiasis. The frequency of hypovitaminosis D was 23.9%. In multivariate analysis, only the duration of exposure to HIV was associated with CPP [OR 4.72 (95% CI: 0.97-23.00)]. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 23.9% and was not related with oral candidiasis or CPP.