Prevalence Of Glaucoma In Patients Research Articles

A Narrative Review of the Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Glaucoma in Adults.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder, primarily of the upper airway, which not only has a significant impact on quality of life but is also associated with various systemic diseases. Several ophthalmological diseases are also associated with OSA, especially glaucoma. The purpose of this review is to take a closer look at the causality and mutual influence. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed. A total of 19 studies with 316,178 adult participants were included. Results: Eleven of the sixteen studies concentrating on the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with OSA showed an association of both entities. One paper found a higher risk for progression of glaucoma in OSA patients. Five of the sixteen included studies failed to show a correlation between OSA and glaucoma. One study out of three surveying specific ophthalmological parameters showed an influence of OSA therapy on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning and vision. One study showed a rise in intraocular pressure (IOP), while two other studies showed no increase under continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between OSA and glaucoma and, especially, between OSA and thinning of RNFL. CPAP therapy appears to be also suitable for patients with comorbid glaucoma.

Prevalence of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Thailand

Objective: To determine the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and to identify factors associated with intraocular pressure (IOP). Materials and Methods: Eighty-eight patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 88 control subjects were enrolled. All subjects underwent eye examination including visual acuity, IOP, gonioscopy, optic disc, and visual field evaluation within one week of enrollment. Results: Three of the 88 patients with OSA (3.4%) and only one (1.1%) in the matched group had POAG, indicating no statistically significant difference in both groups (p=0.621). All patients with OSA diagnosed with POAG had severe OSA. OSA did not significantly influence the risk factor of POAG (OR 3.07, 95% CI 0.31 to 30.11, p=0.312). However, the presence of mean oxygen saturation of less than 88% or oxygen desaturation index (ODI) greater than 30 events per hour correlated with an elevation of IOP (p=0.026, 0.010). Based on apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and ODI, there was medium correlation with IOP (Pearson correlation 0.342, 95% CI 0.143 to 0.5147, p=0.0011 and Pearson correlation 0.317, 95% CI 0.116 to 0.494, p=0.0025). Conclusion: The prevalence of POAG was 3.4% in patients with OSA when compared with 1.1% in control group. There was positive correlation between AHI or ODI with the IOP. Moreover, the presence of mean oxygen saturation of less than 88% or ODI of more than 30 events per hour correlated with an elevated IOP. Keywords: Glaucoma, Obstructive sleep apnea, Prevalence, Primary open-angle glaucoma, Sleep apnea

To find the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with diabetes mellitus attending tertiary care hospital, east Sikkim

Aim: To find the prevalence of glaucoma in diabetic patients attending tertiary care hospital, east Sikkim. Materials and Methods: A hospital based study of 75 diabetic patients attending the eye opd at Crh from March to August 2018 underwent complete ocular examination for glaucoma after taking a prior consent from the patient. Results: Out of 75 diabetic patients 15(20%) of them had glaucoma. Out of 15 diabetic patients with glaucoma 73.3% were males and 26.6% were females. The mean age of diabetics females having glaucoma is 53.75 ±16.39 and male is 60.36±12.14. As far as Ethnic distribution was concerned in our patients with glaucoma 60% were Nepali, 33.3% were Bhutia and 6.7% belonged to other communities. Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence and the demographic characteristics of glaucoma among diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital in east Sikkim. The northeast of India records the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus hence the ocular manifestations of the disease are common. Since no such study has been done in Sikkim before this will play an integral role in raising awareness amongst the people about the ocular manifestations of the disease. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glaucoma, Sikkim.

Ocular manifestations of facial port-wine stain, nevus of Ota, and phakomatosis pigmentovascularis in Asian patients

Heightenedintraocular pressure resulting in glaucoma and impaired vision is treatable if detected early. It is therefore necessary to identify populations at risk for glaucoma for regular screening visits. To investigate the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with facial port-wine stains (PWSs), nevus of Ota, and phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV) and to establish the association between facial vascular birthmarks and ocular complications. This study is a retrospective chart review of 166 patients with facial PWS, PPV, and nevus of Ota over a 10-year period. Of the 166 cases, 76 patients were diagnosed with PWS, 83 with nevus of Ota, and 7 with PPV. The mean age of patients was 12.8years, ranging from newborn to 63years old. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with glaucoma. Of 15 patients, 11 presented with PWS, and 4 presented with both PWS and PPV. Of 83 patients with nevus of Ota, only 2 (2.4%) presented with increased ocular pressure. The relatively short follow-up period is a limiting factor in this study. Early and periodic ophthalmic examinations in patients with PWS, PPV, and nevus of Ota are essential to minimizing the risk of developing glaucoma in these groups of patients.

Prevalence of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Patients with Hypertension

Background: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the adult population worldwide.Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with hypertension.Subjects and Methods:This cross- sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of SreeNarayana Institute of Medical Sciences. A total of 100 patients with hypertension were included in the study. Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in patients with HTN was recorded.Results:Out of 100,59 were males and 41 were females. Among the 100 hypertensive patients, 5% of patients had POAG. Among POAG, 3 were males and 2 were females. The percentage of patients with IOP between 8-21 was 95%, I0P >21 was 5% in right eye. The percentage of patients with IOP in between 8-21 was 95%, IOP >21 was 5% in left eye.Conclusion:High myopia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus has been associated with POAG, however, direct and convincing evidences are still lacking.

Open-angle Glaucoma and Sensorineural Hearing Impairment in the Korean Population

ABSTRACT Purpose This study identifies the prevalence and risk factors of sensorineural hearing loss and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Materials and methods Patients aged 19 years or older who had undergone both ophthalmologic examination and audiometry as part of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010–2012) were analyzed. Hearing loss was defined as the pure-tone average over 40 decibels based on the automatic hearing test to determine the threshold of airway hearing for each frequency. We investigated the prevalence of glaucoma and hearing loss when they occurred alone or simultaneously. The risk factors for concurrent glaucoma and hearing loss were examined. Result Among the participants, 6.6% had hearing loss alone, 2.3% had glaucoma alone, and 0.5% had both glaucoma and hearing loss. The weighted prevalence of glaucoma in patients with hearing loss was 7.5%; however, the weighted prevalence of glaucoma was 3.2% among patients without hearing loss, with a significant difference (P < .001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors associated with concurrent glaucoma and hearing loss were age (3.786 times per 10 years, P < .001) and triglyceride level (1.002 times per 1 mg/dL, P = .028). Conclusion Sensorineural hearing loss and POAG are relevant. If hearing impairment and visual impairment occur together, the quality of life of the patient is worsened and the social burden is greater. Therefore, care should be taken when treating elderly patients with glaucoma.

Prevalence of Glaucoma in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and compare it with that of patients without OSA. Patients investigated for OSA using polysomnography at the sleep center of King Abdulaziz University Hospital were invited to participate in this cross-sectional case series study. American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines were used to diagnose OSA. Recruitment of patients with and without OSA was conducted from December 2013 to September 2015. Exclusion criteria included topical and systemic steroid use and presence of other ocular diseases. Two criteria, cup/disc ratio and visual field defects, were necessary for a glaucoma diagnosis. Among 84 adults enrolled, 44 (52%) had a confirmed diagnosis of OSA. Glaucoma prevalence was higher among individuals with OSA (16%) than among non-OSA individuals (8%), a difference that was not statistically significant. A consistent trend, which was not statistically significant after adjusting for cofounders, toward more glaucomatous changes was observed in OSA subjects. Although a trend toward higher glaucoma prevalence was observed in OSA patients, the difference was not statistically significant. As many variables contribute to the development of the two conditions, larger cohorts are needed to evaluate associations between glaucoma and OSA.

The prevalence of glaucoma in patients undergoing surgery for eyelid entropion or ectropion.

Purpose and designThe aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of known glaucoma in patients undergoing ectropion or entropion surgical repair. In this study, retrospective review of case series was performed.ParticipantsAll patients who underwent ectropion or entropion surgery in a tertiary medical center between 2007 and 2014 were included. The etiology of eyelid malpositioning was involutional or cicatricial.MethodsThe medical files of the study participants were reviewed for the presence and type of glaucoma, medical treatment, duration of treatment, and the amount of drops per day. These data were compared to a matched control group of 101 patients who underwent blepharoplasty for dermatochalasis in the same department during the same period.Main outcome measureIn this study, the prevalence of glaucoma in individuals with ectropion or entropion was the main outcome measure.ResultsA total of 227 patients (57% men, mean age: 79.2 years) who underwent ectropion or entropion surgery comprised the study group and 101 patients who underwent upper blepharoplasty for dermatochalasis comprised the control group. Compared to four patients in the control group (4%, P=0.01), 30 of the study patients (13.2%) had coexisting glaucoma. Of 30 glaucomatous patients, 25 had primary open-angle glaucoma for a mean duration of 10.3 years. The glaucomatous patients were treated with an average of 2.7 antiglaucoma medications.ConclusionAn increased prevalence of known glaucoma in patients undergoing ectropion or entropion repair surgery was found. This observation may indicate that the chronic usage of topical anti-glaucoma eyedrops may lead to an increased risk of developing eyelid malpositions, especially in elderly patients.

The association between obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome and glaucoma: a Meta analysis

Background Studies have showed an increasing prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). However, this view remains controversial. Objective This Meta analysis was to assess whether there is an association between glaucoma and OSAHS. Methods A systematic search in PubMed database was carried out with the subject headingssleeping apneaandglaucoma. The literature type was limited to cases-controlled studies and prospective cohort studies with the publishing duration from January 1, 1982 to January 30, 2015 in English.The risk of glaucoma among OSAHS patients was analyzed, and Review Manager 5.2 was applicated for Meta analysis.The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to assess the strength of the association. Results Twelve independent retrospective cases-controlled studies were included in this review, including 11 592 subjects in the OSAHS group and 25 931 subjects in the control group.The study quality was scored 6-8 by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale which was acceptable.The random effects model was accepted because of the heterogeneity among the studies (χ2=34.20, P<0.05, I2=68%). The prevalence of glaucoma was higher in the OSAHS group than that in the control group (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.21-2.90, Z=2.82, P<0.05). The subgroup analysis of OSAHS showed that the OR (95% CI) of mild, moderate and severe OSAHS groups versus control group was 3.61 (0.56-23.43), 4.17 (0.47-36.91) and 6.95 (1.14-42.26), respectively.Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the OR value fluctuated in 1.74-2.16 and closed to 1.87.Funnel graphy exhibited a asymmetry appearance among the literatures, which suggested a possible publication bias. Conclusions OSAHS is one of the risk factors of glaucoma.The serious OSAHS is associated with an increased risk of glaucoma. Key words: Glaucoma/etiology; Sleep apnea, obstructive/complications; Comorbidity; Risk factors; Prevalence; Retrospective studies; Meta-analysis; Humans

Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary care hospital of Gwalior

Background: Diabetes is considered as a risk factor for glaucoma as they both shares the common pathogenesis. Aims and objective: The present study was done to find out the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: The present hospital based prospective study included 100 patients of type 2 diabetes, between July 2014 to August 2015, presenting to the outpatient department of Department of Medicine and Ophthalmology, G R Medical College, Gwalior (MP). Diagnosis of glaucoma was done as per raised intra ocular pressure (IOP) and gonioscopy. Patients were classified into primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle closure suspects (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), ocular hypertension (OHT), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and secondary glaucoma. Results: Mean age in present study was 57.39±9.08 years. Mean duration of diabetes was 6.26±3.91 years. Prevalence of glaucoma was 15%. Most of the patients (80%) were having IOP between16-20 mmHg. 96% of the patients belong to Grade 4 (96%) as per Gonioscopic Shaffer’s grading system. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are at high risk of developing glaucoma. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glaucoma, Visual impairment

Estimated Prevalence of Glaucoma in South Korea Using the National Claims Database.

Purpose. To estimate the prevalence of glaucoma and costs associated with glaucoma care in South Korea between 2008 and 2013 using the Korean national claims database. Design. Retrospective cross-sectional study from a national claims database. Methods. Patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively identified in the national claims database using glaucoma diagnostic codes. For each year, the prevalence of glaucoma and direct medical costs associated with glaucoma care were estimated. Result. The prevalence of glaucoma in patients ≥40 years of age increased from 0.79% in 2008 to 1.05% in 2013. The number of patients with glaucoma increased by 54% between 2008 and 2013 (9% average annual increase). The prevalence of glaucoma increased with age and was higher in males than in females. The cost to care for glaucoma patients increased from $16.5 million in 2008 to $29.2 million in 2013, which translated into an 81% increase over the 6 years examined (12.7% average annual increase). Conclusion. The estimated prevalence and socioeconomic burden of glaucoma have steadily increased each year in South Korea. Nevertheless, many glaucoma patients remain undiagnosed in the present study using national claims database.

Glaucomatous-Type Optic Discs in High Myopia.

PurposeTo assess the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with high myopia defined as myopic refractive error of >-8 diopters or axial length ≥26.5 mm.MethodsThe hospital-based observational study included 172 patients (336 eyes) with a mean age of 61.9±12.3 years and mean axial length of 30.1±2.3 mm (range: 24.7–39.1mm). Glaucomatous-type optic discs were defined by glaucomatous optic disc appearance. Glaucoma was defined by glaucomatous optic disc appearance and glaucomatous Goldmann visual field defects not corresponding with myopic macular changes.ResultsLarger disc area (mean: 3.18±1.94 mm2) was associated with longer axial length (P<0.001; standardized correlation coefficient: 0.45). Glaucoma was detected in 94 (28%; 95% Confidence intervals: 23%, 33%) eyes. In multivariate analysis, glaucoma prevalence was 3.2 times higher (P<0.001) in megalodiscs (>3.79 mm2) than in normal-sized discs or small discs (<1.51 mm2) after adjusting for older age. Axial length was not significantly (P = 0.38) associated with glaucoma prevalence in that model. Glaucoma prevalence increased by a factor of 1.39 for each increase in optic disc area by one mm2. Again, axial length was not significantly (P = 0.38) associated with glaucoma prevalence when added to this multivariate model.ConclusionWithin highly myopic individuals, glaucoma prevalence increased with larger optic disc size beyond a disc area of 3.8 mm2. Highly myopic megalodiscs as compared to normal sized discs or small discs had a 3.2 times higher risk for glaucomatous optic nerve neuropathy. The increased glaucoma prevalence in axial high myopia was primarily associated with axial myopia associated disc enlargement and not with axial elongation itself.

Assessment and diagnosis of suspected glaucoma in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis.

The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare lysosomal storage disorders, characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within multiple organ systems including the eye. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with MPS, as well as the characteristics, diagnosis and management of patients with MPS and glaucoma. A multicentre retrospective case-note review was carried out by ophthalmologists from four tertiary referral centres to identify patients with MPS who had been treated for glaucoma. Clinical ophthalmological data were collected using standardized data collection forms. Fourteen patients were identified (27 eyes) of 294 patients with MPS. The prevalence of glaucoma ranged from 2.1% to 12.5%. The median age at diagnosis of glaucoma was 8years. Diagnostic evaluation of glaucoma was incomplete in many patients: intraocular pressure was documented in all eyes, but optic disc appearance was only assessed in 67%, central corneal thickness in 26%, visual fields in 19% and iridocorneal angle in 15%. Patients with MPS need regular assessment for possible glaucoma including during childhood. Multiple factors contribute to the challenges of assessment, diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma in these patients.

Erratum: Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea: ocular morbidity and outcomes in a 3 year follow-up study

Erratum: Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea: ocular morbidity and outcomes in a 3 year follow-up study

Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea: ocular morbidity and outcomes in a 3 year follow-up study.

This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and progression of glaucoma in patients receiving treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We also investigated whether there is an association between severity of OSA and the incidence of glaucoma. A total of 39 patients aged >30 years who had been diagnosed with moderate and severe OSA in the sleep clinic at Hamad General Hospital were assessed for the presence of glaucoma. The severity of OSA was graded as mild, moderate, or severe based on American Association of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria using the apnea hypopnea index. Before enrollment, all patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including serial visual field tests, optical coherence tomography (OCT) with fundus photographs, and pachymetry. Enrolled patients were followed up in the ophthalmology outpatient clinic and sleep clinic for a period of 3 years. Examinations found that 8 (20.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.9-37%) of the 39 patients with OSA had glaucoma. Six (75%; 95% CI 36-96%) of these patients had normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and two (25%; 95% CI 4.5-64.4%) patients had high-tension glaucoma. Among the 27 patients with severe OSA, 7 (25.9%; 95% CI 8-34%) had glaucoma, and among 12 patients with moderate OSA, 1 (8.3%; 95% CI 0.1-15%) had glaucoma. During the course of follow-up, two patients who previously did not have glaucoma were reclassified as NTG and two patients with glaucoma deteriorated. A higher prevalence of glaucoma in the severe OSA group compared with the moderate OSA group was found, albeit a statistically significant difference could not be attained (P=0.4). Our study showed that severe OSA is an important risk factor for developing glaucoma. Adequate treatment of OSA, along with optimal ophthalmic care, resulted in better control of glaucoma.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Increased Risk of Glaucoma: A Population-Based Matched-Cohort Study

Previous studies had reported an increased prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) among patients with OSA remains unclear. Using a nationwide, population-based dataset in Taiwan, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk of OAG among patients with OSA during a 5-year follow-up period after a diagnosis of OSA. A retrospective, matched-cohort study. This study used data sourced from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. We included 1012 subjects with OSA in the study cohort and randomly selected 6072 subjects in the comparison group. Each subject in this study was individually traced for a 5-year period to identify those subjects who subsequently received a diagnosis of OAG. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to calculate the 5-year risk of OAG between the study and comparison cohorts. The incidence and risk of OAG between the study and comparison groups. During the 5-year follow-up period, the incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 11.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.61-14.49) and 6.76 (95% CI, 5.80-7.83) for subjects with and without OSA, respectively. After adjusting for monthly income, geographic region, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity, hyperlipidemia, renal disease, hypothyroidism, and the number of outpatient visits for ophthalmologic care during the follow-up period, stratified Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that the hazard ratio for OAG within the 5-year period for subjects with OSA was 1.67 (95% CI, 1.30-2.17; P<0.001) that of comparison subjects. Our results suggest that OSA is associated with an increased risk of subsequent OAG diagnosis during a 5-year follow-up period. The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.

Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu ve Glokom İlişkisi

Objective: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Material and Methods: Sixty-four patients with OSAS and 32 control subjects comprised the study group. Detailed ophthalmological examinations, com - puterized visual field analysis and imaging of the optic nerve head with Optical Coherence To - mography were performed. Diurnal intraocular pressure measurements were made on patients with OSAS. Patients with OSAS were divided into three gr oups (mild, moderate and severe) for sever - ity of the disease based on their apnea-hypopnea indexes (AHI). Results: There was a statistically significant correlation among AHI, mean deviation and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.05). Glaucoma was diagnosed in seven patients with OSAS (10.9%). One patient had pri - mary open angle glaucoma and six patients had normal tension glaucoma. Five of the patients with glaucoma were in severe OSAS group. Conclusion: The results of this study s how that OSAS is associated with glaucoma. Patients with OSAS should be followed regularly for glaucoma devel - opment and progression. c

Prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea—a cross-sectional case-series

To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Cross-sectional case series. One hundred patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea. Within 48 h of the polysomnographic diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea, patients underwent the following tests: intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, automated perimetry, stereoscopic biomicroscopy, and fundascopic assessment for the presence of glaucomatous optic nerve changes. The prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and the associations between patient characteristics and both glaucoma and intraocular pressure. Glaucoma was diagnosed in 27 of 100 patients yielding an estimated prevalence of 27% (95% CI 19-37%). The presence of glaucoma did not correlate with sex, body mass index (BMI), or AHI, but did appear to be associated with age (P=0.014). There was no evidence of a relationship between intraocular pressure and either the apnoea plus hypopnoea index or age. The prevalence of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea is an estimated 27%. Sex, age, body mass index or apnoea plus hypopnoea index are not factors influencing the presence of glaucoma in this population of patients.

Incidence and Prevalence of Glaucoma in Severe Ocular Surface Disease

To describe the incidence and prevalence of glaucoma in a patient population with severe ocular surface disease (OSD). A retrospective case series was compiled from all charts of patients in the Cincinnati Eye Institute/University of Cincinnati and University of Minnesota population with a diagnosis of severe OSD from 1991 to 2003. The incidence and prevalence of glaucoma in the overall patient population were identified, and stratified into disease subgroups. Of the 108 eyes evaluated in this study, 71 were diagnosed with glaucoma. The overall prevalence of glaucoma in patients with severe OSD is 65.7%, with a range from 42.9% to 88.4%. Analysis by subgroup shows the highest percentage of patients with concurrent glaucoma fall into the categories of aniridia and chemical injury, and the lowest was noted in those patients with autoimmune or iatrogenic OSD. Overall, the incidence of glaucoma was 20.4%, with a range of 13.6% to 60%. Compared with previous studies, our results show a significantly higher prevalence of glaucoma in patients with severe OSD. This information warrants increased attention to treatment and management of OSD and concurrent glaucoma.

Entzündungsbedingte Glaukome

The prevalence of glaucoma in patients with intra- or extraocular inflammation is five to twenty percent. The etiopathogenesis is manifold, including classical secondary open and closed angle mechanisms as well as specific inflammatory elements. Diagnosis and follow-up studies of inflammatory glaucomas are often difficult. The therapeutic options are limited or are poorly evaluated. The development of a secondary glaucoma is a severe complication of intra- or extraocular inflammation and may even lead to blindness. Further investigations, especially with regard to the treatment of inflammatory glaucomas, are necessary to improve the prognosis.