Prevalence Of Depression In People Research Articles

Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in People With Osteoporosis Referred to the Bone Densitometry Center of a Hospital in Kashan

Background and Objectives: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased risk of bone fractures. Osteoporosis can affect the quality of life and lead to depression by causing bone fractures and associated complications such as reduced physical activity, weight gain, and reduced self-care. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression in people with osteoporosis referred to the bone densitometry center of a hospital in Kashan, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 people with osteoporosis were selected from among those referred to the bone densitometry center of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2021, who were selected by a systematic sampling method. To collect information, a demographic form and Beck’s depression inventory were used. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using chi-square test and independent t-test. Results: In this study, 86% of people with osteoporosis had depressive symptoms, of whom 42% had severe depression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in osteoporosis patients with a T score was 37.9%, on average. There was a statistically significant difference in the severity of depression among patients in terms of the family history of depression and the use of psychiatric drugs (P<0.001). Conclusion: The majority of people with osteoporosis in the study center in Kashan have some degree of depression symptoms, which shows the importance of early investigation and treatment of depression in these patients.

DEPRESSION IN PERSONS WITH SPIRITIST ENGAGEMENT

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with depression, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, among people with some Level of Spiritist Engagement (LSE). Method: This is a cross-sectional study that investigated the prevalence of depression in people with LSE, before and during COVID-19. Results: Digital data on sociodemographic profile, mental state, psychological care, and LSE, in addition to the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), were collected from 848 people with LSE using the snowball sampling technique. Significant results (p<0.05) showed a high prevalence of severe depression in unemployed individuals (16.2%), those in marital crisis (23.2%), alcohol users and/or smokers (28.6%), those with self-inflicted violence (44.1%); those greatly/totally affected by the "lockdown" (21.3%) and those who perceived their emotional health as poor/very poor (53.6%). Before and during COVID-19, psychiatric follow-up was highly prevalent, especially in mild depression (>60%); and people with some LSE were mainly associated with mild depression (>75%). The pandemic did not significantly change the values associated with severe depression, with a low prevalence of high/very high LSE (2.7% before, 5.0% during COVID-19) compared to low LSE (8.2% before, 9.5% during COVID-19) and very low LSE (10.7% before, 9.9% during COVID-19). Conclusion: Regardless of the pandemic, Spiritism was attractive to people with depression and high/very high LSE was less associated with severe depression. Keywords: Depression. Spiritism. Spirituality. COVID-19.

Estimating the prevalence of depression in people with acute coronary syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The epidemic of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) poses a great challenge to depression. However, the prevalence of depression among ACS patients has not been fully determined. This meta-analysis aimed to provide an estimation of the global prevalence of depression among ACS patients (ACS depression). Online databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for all relevant studies that reported the prevalence of ACS depression through March 2023. Pooled prevalence of ACS depression with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated by the random-effect model. All statistical analyses were performed using comprehensive meta-analysis software. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (identifier CRD42023409338). A total of 28 studies (17 cohort studies, 9 cross-sectional studies, and 2 case-control studies) were included. The overall pooled prevalence of depression in ACS, derived from 28 studies, was 28.5% (95% CI: 0.28-0.29, P = .000, I2 = 99%). 21 included studies showed a prevalence of 20.3% (95% CI: 0.20-0.21, P = .000, I2 = 96%) in men, and the prevalence in women was 13.6% (95% CI: 0.13-0.14, P = .000, I2 = 95%). Subgroup analysis showed the lowest prevalence in Europe (20.7%, 95% CI: 0.20-0.22, P = .000, I2 = 98%); On different diagnostic criteria, the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) (36.8%, 95% CI: 0.35-0.38, P = .000, I2 = 96%) has the highest prevalence. In terms of end year of data collection, the prevalence of ACS depression was lower for studies that ended data collection after 2012 (25.7%, 95% CI: 0.25-0.27, P = .000, I2 = 99%) than in studies before 2012 (30%, 95% CI: 0.29-0.31, P = .000, I2 = 98%). This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest high global prevalence of depression among ACS patients, underlining the necessity of more preventive interventions among ACS patients especially in Asian and North American regions.

The Slovenian version of the Cardiac depression scale – validity and reliability

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the cause of 40% of all deaths in Slovenia in 2016, and are the seventh most common cause of visits to the general practitioner. The prevalence of depression in people with CVD is high and is a strong predictor of mortality and additional cardiac events. In patients with coronary artery disease, depressive symptoms contribute to a lower quality of life and to physical limitations.Objectives The purpose of this study was to translate the Cardiac Depression Scale into Slovenian (S-CDS) and to assess its psychometric properties on Slovenian patients with heart disease.Methods After obtaining the consent from the original authors, the Cardiac depression scale was translated by three bilingual Slovenian native speakers with medical knowledge. Afterwards, they worked jointly to reach consensus on one version, which was then back-translated (Slovenian to English) by two independent English translators unfamiliar with the original version. The original authors approved the final draft. The S-CDS was then applied to a total of 272 patients with heart disease that underwent elective coronary angiography. At the same time the Spielberger Stait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-20 (CES-D) were used. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test–retest reliability and concurrent validity were performed.ResultsThe total scale had Cronbach’s alpha 0.92 and test–retest reliability 0.71. Six factors were confirmed by the exploratory factor analysis, accounting for 60.88% of total variance. A two and one factor solution indicated by the confirmatory factor analysis had acceptable goodness-of-fit measures. A one factor solution was kept, considering a high correlation between the two factors and the theoretical background in previous studies. A moderate to strong correlations were confirmed by concurrent validation against the CES-D and the STAI-S.ConclusionsThe S-CDS with 25 questions is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring depressive symptoms in Slovenian patients with heart disease.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Prevalence of Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Iran: A Systematic Review

Background and Objective: Diabetes Mellitus is known as one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases worldwide, so the aim of this systematic review is to determine the prevalence of depression in people with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review and metaanalysis by examining Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect and Google Scholar without time limit starting until May 2023. Results: the prevalence of depression in type 2 diabetes patients in Iran was reported to be 51.7% (CI: 44.4-59, 95%). With the increase in the sample size, the prevalence of depression in sufferers increases (P<0.001) and with the increase in the years of studies and the age of pregnant women, the prevalence decreases (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the prevalence of depression in people with type 2 diabetes in Iran is at a high level, and it is necessary for the purposeful implementation of preventive measures and to reach lower levels, the attention of health policymakers to the quality of life of people with diabetes and also mental problems and their behavior should be directed in addition to therapeutic measures.

Prevalence of depression in people with tuberculosis in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems comorbid with tuberculosis. However, a consolidated picture of the prevalence of depression among tuberculosis patients in East Africa remains unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide new understandings by systematically examining evidence concerning the prevalence of depression among tuberculosis patients in East Africa. Literature was found in a database of HINARI, SCOPUS, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to appraise the quality of the selected studies. Then, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied because of the presence of heterogeneity among studies. A total of 409 studies were accessed. However, only 29 qualified for a full-text review, and 9 studies with a population of 2838 were included in the qualitative description and quantitative analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate of depression amongst tuberculosis patients was 43.03 % (34.93, 51.13). The highest prevalence was observed in Kenya, with 45.71% (29.26, 62.16); a similar rate was observed in Ethiopia, with 45.11 % (34.60, 55.62). Subgroup analysis based on screening tool was used: 45.71% with BDI and 41.53% with PHQ.

Epidemiology of depression in schizophrenia patients living in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionVarious comorbid conditions can worsen the morbidity and mortality of schizophrenia, and this is the case for depression, especially through suicidal behaviors and cardiometabolic impairments. There is a scarcity of summarizing data on depressive symptoms and disorders among schizophrenia patients living in Africa.ObjectivesThe aim of this meta-analytic review was to estimate the prevalence of depression in people living with schizophrenia in Africa.MethodsWe systematically searched for relevant articles published from inception to July 05, 2022, in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and African Journals Online. We appraised the risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for studies reporting prevalence data, and estimated the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with schizophrenia using a random-effects meta-analytic model. We performed meta-regression and subgroup analyses to assess potential mediators of our estimates. We based the report of our findings on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines (2020). We registered our protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022315717).ResultsFrom 791 initial records, 10 studies were finally included in our qualitative and quantitative syntheses (Figure 1). These studies encompassed 2265 patients with schizophrenia (male-to-female ratio = 1.94), and were conducted between 2001 and 2019, in Egypt (n = 1/10), Ethiopia (n = 4/10), Morocco (n = 1/10), Nigeria (n = 1/10), South Africa (n = 2/10), and Tunisia (n = 1/10). The mean age of participants ranged from 33.8 to 49.2 years, and the most used tool was the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (n = 4/10). The pooled prevalence rate of depression was 23.93% (95% CI: 19.43% – 28.73%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 84%). The prevalence of depression significantly varied according to screening tool used. The frequencies for Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa were respectively 31.9% (95% CI: 24.8% – 39.5%) and 21.1% (95% CI: 16.7% – 25.9%), with a significant difference between these subgroups (Figure 2). A higher prevalence of depression was associated with a lower percentage of schizophrenia patients with high education levels. Among schizophrenia people with depression (n = 250), 46.04% (95% CI: 30.07% – 62.42%) reported past or current suicide behaviors. The risk of bias was low for three studies, moderate for two studies, and high for five studies. The certainty was very low, and we found no publication bias.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsApproximately one in every four schizophrenia patients living in Africa was positively screened for depression. This review draws health professionals’ attention caring people with schizophrenia, and calls for further studies with a harmonization of screening tool, a better representativity of some subregions, and the assessment of key potential factors such as perceived stigma and self-stigma.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Solriamfetol treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in participants with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea with a history of depression

Given the high rate of depression associated with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), this analysis compared effects of solriamfetol treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in participants with/without a history of depression (DHx+/DHx-). This secondary analysis included data from two randomized, controlled trials in which participants were randomized to 12 weeks placebo or solriamfetol 37.5 (OSA only), 75, 150, or 300 mg/day. Efficacy/safety (combined solriamfetol doses) was summarized for DHx+/DHx-subgroups. 27.5% (65/236) with narcolepsy and 23.4% (111/474) with OSA were DHx+. In narcolepsy (DHx+ and DHx-), 40-min Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT40) mean sleep latency increased (5.4 and 7.0 min), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score decreased (3.8 and 3.5 points), and percentage of participants improved on Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) was higher (31.7% and 39.4%) relative to placebo. In OSA (DHx+ and DHx-), MWT40 mean sleep latency increased (7.7 and 10.7 min), ESS decreased (3.5 and 3.7 points), and percentage of participants improved on PGI-C was higher (41.1% and 29.4%) relative to placebo. Common treatment-emergent adverse events (headache, decreased appetite, nausea, anxiety) were similar in DHx+/DHx-. This study suggests that safety and efficacy of solriamfetol for treating EDS in narcolepsy and OSA are not affected by depression history. Moreover, the findings emphasize the high prevalence of depression in people with sleep disorders and suggest that increased awareness of this association may have clinical significance.

The Prevalence and Diagnosis of Depression in People with Mild or Borderline Intellectual Disability: Multiple Instrument Testing Tells Us More

ABSTRACT Introduction Estimates of the prevalence of depression in people with intellectual disability range from almost nonexistent to 39%. We analyzed the outcomes of three screening instruments to find out more about the prevalence in people with mild or borderline disability. Methods 102 Dutch individuals residing in institutions or living independently took part. The Beck Depression Inventory, the Glasgow Depression Scale and the Signaallijst Depressie voor Zwakzinnigen were used. Results Using the standard cutoff values, the numbers of people identified as depressed by the tests were 31%, 44%, and 22%, respectively. These were high numbers, and they did not refer to the same cases. When scoring above cutoff on all three tests simultaneously was the criterion, 13.7% of the participants were identified as depressed. Conclusion The combined use of several measuring instruments taught us that depression in people with intellectual disabilities might occur more frequently than often assumed: 13.7% might be the lower limit of its actual prevalence. People in this group still run the risk of being underdiagnosed.

The SLU‐AMSAD, a short screening tool for diagnosing depression in dementia patients

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of depression in people with Alzheimer’s disease is estimated to be nearly 50%, accounting for a significant amount of additional caregiver burden1. With the COVID‐19 crisis, depression in dementia patients, especially those living in long term care facilities, has increased. The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) is the gold standard for assessing depression in dementia patients, but is lengthy, taking nearly 20 minutes to administer3. The SLU AMSAD is a previously validated depression tool which consists of 5‐items and takes less than 2 minutes to administer3. The objective of this study was to compare this short tool with the lengthier gold standard, the CSDD, to diagnose depression in cognitively impaired patients.Method44 patients, 65years and older were enrolled in the study from an out‐patient clinic setting. A St. Louis University Mental Status Exam (SLUMS) score of less than 25 was used to include the eligible patients. All enrolled subjects were administered the SLUMS, SLU AMSAD and the CSDD. The SLUMS score was used to classify the patients as having mild, moderate and severe dementiaResultThe preliminary data set analyzed data for N=44 cases of which 54.5% were female and 88.6% Caucasian with a mean age of 79.9. The average SLUMS score was 14.3 (6.5). For the total sample, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity values exceeded 0.82, with a maximum sensitivity of 0.92 and specificity of 0.84 (for an optimal cut‐off score of 4/5).ConclusionThe SLU AMSAD had a very strong correlation with the CSDD as shown by the above results in this preliminary data sample of 44 patients. We intend to continue with the study and gather a total sample of 105 patients to add stronger statistical power to the study.

Training results in increased practitioner confidence and identification of depression in people with low vision: a mixed methods study.

The prevalence of depression in people with low vision is high and often goes undiagnosed. There is the potential for those who provide low vision services to perform concurrent depression screening. However, prior training in depression identification and suitable referral pathways is required. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the impact of a training programme on practitioners' confidence and behaviour in addressing depression in patients with low vision, and (2) to review the training programme and identify areas for further development. A convergent mixed methods approach was used. Questionnaires were completed by practitioners pre-, immediately post- and 6months post- training (n=40) to assess practitioner confidence in approaching depression in patients with low vision. Qualitative interviews were performed with a subset of practitioners 6months post-training (n=9). Additionally, routine data from the Low Vision Service Wales (LVSW) database was used to determine the change in the number of practitioners identifying depression in patients, and the change in the number of patients identified at risk of depression 6months post-training. Of the 148 practitioners who completed low vision assessments pre- and post-training, 28 (18.9%) documented risk of depression in their patients pre-training, which increased substantially to 65 (43.9%) post-training (p<0.0001). Mixed methods analysis confirmed increased documentation of depressive symptoms by practitioners. Practitioner confidence increased following training, with 92.3% feeling more confident to approach emotional issues with patients and 92.2% intending to use the recommended screening tool to identify depression. Interviews provided insight into areas where confidence was still lacking. Quantitative questionnaires revealed that training content was considered appropriate by 91% of participants. Interviews confirmed these findings while expanding upon possibilities for programme improvement. Training for depression screening was found to be time-efficient and acceptable for LVSW practitioners and shown to increase practitioner confidence in the identification of depression. Additionally, the programme changed behaviour, resulting in an increase in the identification of depression in patients with low vision. However, this is a complex topic and ongoing development is required to embed depression screening as an integral part of low vision services.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Examine the Prevalence of Co-Morbid Depression in People with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Current research suggests that people with diabetes are more likely to suffer with depression. However, inconsistencies have been reported in the prevalence of depression in diabetes, with previous systematic reviews including studies with small numbers of participants, or without adequate control subjects. This is the first systematic review to estimate the prevalence and odds of depression in people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, compared to those without diabetes, and estimate prevalence rates by different methods used to assess depression or depressive symptoms. Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and PSYCHINFO, from 1 January 1985 to 1 October 2020. Studies were excluded if they failed to have an adequate control group, specified type of diabetes, or reported depression prevalence by type of diabetes. Findings: 33 studies were selected for inclusion; 2 for Type 1 diabetes, 28 for Type 2 diabetes, and 3 for both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of diagnosed depression or elevated depressive symptoms was significantly higher in people with Type 1 (16% vs 12%, OR = 1.91 (1.46,2.50), or Type 2 diabetes (18% vs 11%, OR = 1.64 (1.45,1.86) compared to those without diabetes. There was no association between study effect size and mean age or gender. The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in people with diabetes, compared to those without diabetes, when depression was self-reported compared to doctor diagnosed (25% vs 7%, self-reported depression OR=1.87 (1.59,2.19) and doctor diagnosed OR=1.22 (1.07, 1.38); p =0.021). Prevalence and odds of depression or elevated depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, compared to without, differed significantly between studies set in specialist care, compared to community or primary care (36% vs 13%, specialist care OR = 2.71 (1.87,3.92) and community or primary care OR= 1.56 (1.38,1.76); p =0.003). There was no significant change in the reported prevalence of depression in individuals with diabetes, over a period of 30 years (1988-2018). Interpretation: Depression prevalence has not changed over the last 30 years, despite improvements in treatments and self-management education programmes. Effective chronic disease management in people with diabetes is important, particularly screening and managing depression and diabetes distress in specialist care settings. Funding Statement: None. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Prevalence of depression in people over 65 of age in Serbia: Public health significance

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Relationship Between Interpersonal Depressive Symptoms and Reduced Amygdala Volume in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Considerations for Clinical Practice.

The lifetime prevalence of depression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) is approximately 50% compared with around 15% in the general population. There is a relationship between depression and quality of life in people with MS and evidence that depression may contribute to disease progression. This cross-sectional pilot study assessed the association between depression and regional brain atrophy, including amygdala and hippocampal volume. Forty-nine participants with MS recruited through a hospital MS clinic were administered the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R) to investigate whether higher endorsements on the items depressive affect and interpersonal symptoms were associated with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging measurements of hippocampal and amygdala atrophy. Regression analysis revealed an association between depression-related interpersonal symptoms and right amygdala volume. No association was found between depression and hippocampal volume. These results provide preliminary support for a unilateral, biologically based relationship between the right amygdala and characteristic interpersonal depressive symptoms expressed by people with MS and add to the growing body of literature implicating regional brain atrophy in MS-associated depression. Given that the interpersonal subcomponent of the CESD-R measures social functioning, and the neural networks in the amygdala are known to be implicated in processing social stimuli, this research suggests that targeted diagnosis and treatments for depression in people with MS may be particularly beneficial. Further confirmatory research of this relationship is required.

Effects and safety of Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens magic mushroom extracts on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy and cell injury in cardiomyocytes

Prevalence of major depression in people with chronic heart failure is higher than in normal populations. Depression in heart failure has become a major issue. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms commonly known as magic mushrooms, have been used since ancient times for their mind healing properties. Their safety in cardiovascular disease conditions is not fully known and may pose as a risk for users suffering from these illnesses. Study investigates the effects and safety of Psilocybe cubensis and Panaeolus cyanescens magic mushrooms use from genus Psilocybe and Panaeolus respectively, in a pathological hypertrophy conditions in which endothelin-1 disorder is a contributor to pathogenesis. We examined the effects of the mushrooms extracts on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α)-induced cell injury in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Mushrooms were oven dried and extracted with cold and boiling-hot water. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were induced with endothelin-1 prior to treatment with extracts over 48 h. Cell injury was stimulated with TNF-α. Results proposed that the water extracts of Panaeolus cyanescens and Psilocybe cubensis did not aggravate the pathological hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1 and also protected against the TNF-α-induced injury and cell death in concentrations used. Results support medicinal safe use of mushrooms under controlled conditions and cautioned use of higher concentrations.

6 voces en 10 minutos: Depresión en diabetes mellitus

6 voces en 10 minutos: Aspectos psicosociales y adulto mayorDepresión en diabetes mellitusLa diabetes mellitus (DM) y la depresión son consideradas un problema de Salud Pública. La DM2 es una enfermedad que afecta uno de cada cinco adultos mayores de 65 años. La DM incrementa en 1,5 a 2 veces el riesgo de depresión.La depresión es el trastorno afectivo más frecuente en el adulto mayor; es subdiagnosticada y tratada. La prevalencia de depresión en personas con DM es de 15 a 40%. El estudio DECOYDI, realizado por el Comité de Hipertensión de la SAD, incluyó 427 pacientes con DM2 y 315 controles ≥65 años, HbA1c 7,15±3%, antigüedad de DM2 11,78±9,17 años, allí la frecuencia de depresión fue 18,2 vs 12,4% (p&lt;0,03) respectivamente. El 11% de los pacientes con DM2 tenía diagnóstico previo de depresión y el 89% se diagnosticó mediante la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica de Yesavage. Los factores de riesgo para depresión fueron DM2 (2,05 veces), sexo femenino, antecedente familiar de depresión y edad &gt;75 y protector la actividad física.

Mental Health Reflections and Self-Rating at Population Contexts and Paradigms

Background: Depression is a major source of distress and can have a profound impact on the quality of life and consider leading cause of death and morbidity. Early treatment and identification of depression reduces the burden on caregivers and family member along with medical costs. About 3% of the global population proved to be affected by depressive disorders currently according to global statistics. People are most likely to develop their first depressive episode between the ages of 30-40. There is a second, smaller peak of incidence between ages of 50-60 years. Objectives: The main goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of depression in people living in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Methodology: Community based-study was conducted in 2019 with the use of a cross-sectional, multistage, stratified, cluster random sample. Families were visited and interviewed at their homes. Data was collected by adapted tool from the World Health Survey and developed by WHO. 2532 families were interviewed by approximately 100 well trained data collectors 25 nurses. Results: The present study showed that the prevalence of depressive disorder among Adults aged 18 and above was 2.1 %. This fluctuates between 2.3% for females and 2% for males. The estimated number of adults who were affected by depressive disorder was 54,733 who age 18 years and above. Out of all clients having depressive disorder, only 19% were diagnosed. While approximately 81% did not realize that they were suffering from a depressive disorder. The results show the depression prevalence was 4.7% for local clients compared to 2% for non-local clients. Conclusions: Depression tends to adversely impact individual’s quality of life. Males are less likely to suffer from depression than females and UAE nationals more than expatriate. Depressive disorders among Dubai population is not uncommon, in spite of revealing the lowest level of global depressive rating, it does reflect significant public health implications which necessitate effective containment strategies.

Análise da saúde mental na população geral durante a pandemia de Covid-19

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da pandemia da COVID-19 na saúde mental da população em geral; e avaliaros fatores que levam e agravam os transtornos psicológicos e fatores que trazem tranquilidade à população.Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com buscas nas plataformas Medline/PubMed com osdescritores: Anxiety; Depression; Mental health; Mental disorders; Coronavirus, além das palavras-chave:Covid-19, Pandemic e Psichological impact. A busca encontrou 312 textos onde excluiu-se 234 por se tratarde estudos idênticos, restando 78 que foram avaliados a partir da leitura de seus títulos e resumos, restandoum total de 12 textos para inclusão no estudo. Resultados: A literatura aponta o aumento de problemas desaúde mental como estresse, ansiedade, depressão, insônia e medo durante a pandemia de COVID-19 nosdiversos grupos populacionais, além da maior prevalência de depressão em pessoas com a doença.Pequenos grupos demonstraram satisfação com o fato de ter mais tempo para prestar atenção na própriasaúde mental. Considerações finais: Tornam-se necessárias estratégias de apoio psicológico e social, a fimde mitigar os possíveis distúrbios psicológicos, e a realização de mais estudos que avaliem o impactolongitudinal e as respostas psicossociais entre os diferentes subgrupos populacionais durante a pandemia.

Untreated and under-treated depressive symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis in an Australian context: A secondary analysis

BackgroundThe lifetime prevalence of depression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) is ∼50% and international studies have reported untreated and under-treated depressive symptoms in this population. AimWe aimed to identify whether this translates to an Australian context requiring attention by Australian healthcare services. MethodsWe undertook secondary analysis of two studies totalling 217 participants (Study 1: N = 107; Study 2: N = 110) with relapsing remitting or secondary progressive MS, recruited from two hospital outpatient MS clinics and via email advertisement through MS Limited. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II; Study 1), Patient Health Questionnaire – Nine (PHQ-9) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression-Revised (CESD-R; Study 2). FindingsIn study 1, 11.9% of participants not taking antidepressant medication and 25.0% who were taking antidepressant medication reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. In study 2, 21.0% and 23.5% of participants not taking antidepressant medication, while 37.9% and 55.1% taking antidepressant medication, reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, measured by the PHQ-9 and CESD-R, respectively. Across both studies, people with MS taking antidepressant medication reported higher severity of depressive symptoms compared to those not taking antidepressant medication. ConclusionThese findings indicate untreated and undertreated depressive symptoms within an Australian context, highlighting the important role of nurses to educate people with MS about depressive symptoms, as well as to undertake symptom screening and monitoring. Further research is required to verify the extent of the issue and identify barriers to detection and treatment of depressive symptoms in Australians living with MS.

Prevalência de depressão em pessoas que vivenciaram violência por parceiro íntimo: revisão sistemática com meta-análise

A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) se configura enquanto qualquer forma de comportamento violento cometido tanto no espaço doméstico, como em qualquer relação íntima de afeto,independentemente de coabitação, e que pode trazer impacto na saúde psicológica das pessoas que são acometidas.Portanto, este estudo buscou avaliar as evidências sobre a prevalência de depressão em pessoas que vivenciaram violência por parceiros íntimos por meio de uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise. Realizou-se buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde.Foram incluídos quinze artigos e foi possível identificar que as prevalências foram variadas, com índices mínimos de 5,7% até o máximo de 79,4%.Concluiu-se que de acordo com o valor agregado, aponta-se correlação positiva para que a ocorrência da violência por parceiros íntimos possa gerar ocorrência de depressão. A revisão indica, portanto, a necessidade de ações de prevenção e promoção de saúde, especialmente no que se refere à saúde mental.