Prevalence Of Anxiety Research Articles

P30-2 A scoping review on prevalence of anxiety and depression (AnD) in adolescent and young adult cancer (AYAO) patients

P30-2 A scoping review on prevalence of anxiety and depression (AnD) in adolescent and young adult cancer (AYAO) patients

COVID-19 Pandemic Increases the Risk of Anxiety and Depression among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rural West Bengal, India.

About 14% of adolescents experience mental illnesses globally. The rate increased after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-related major mental illnesses (depression and anxiety) and their predictors among adolescents. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 adolescents aged 10-19 years, recruited from rural communities in West Bengal, India. The study areas included 27 subcenters in the Budge Budge II Block, which comprised 191,709 population and 45,333 households. Data were collected from randomly selected households by trained research assistants through house-to-house interviews. Pretested standardized questionnaires, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) for depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) for anxiety, and a demographic questionnaire were used for data collection. The prevalence of anxiety was 35.7% (125 out of 350), and the prevalence of depression was 30.0% (105 out of 350). Females had significantly higher scores of anxiety (6.67 ± 4.76 vs. 3.42 ± 3.17, respectively, p < 0.001) and depression (5.51 ± 4.99 vs. 3.26 ± 3.86, respectively, p < 0.001) compared to males. Adolescents who had COVID-19 cases or deaths in the family had significantly higher scores of anxiety and depression compared to those who did not have these events. In multivariate analysis, the statistically significant predictors of anxiety were COVID-19 death in the family, COVID-19 cases in the family, female gender, and a lower income group (p < 0.001 for all). For depression, the significant predictors included COVID-19 death in the family, COVID-19 cases in the family, female gender, a lower income group, and a higher age group in adolescents (p < 0.001 for all). Based on the study results, we recommend that immediate attention is needed for adolescents' mental health support and coping with stresses following COVID-19.

Youth Mental Health in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In this article we examine the current state of youth mental health across the United States and in Delaware, and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents. We review available literature detailing the short- and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health and discuss the resultant programmatic and legislative efforts in Delaware and nationally. The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on the mental health of young people. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among children and adolescents, which was already increasing pre-pandemic, spiked after the pandemic's onset. Even as public health precautions have lifted, young people continue to struggle with mental health in conjunction with lower levels of educational achievement, hindered social development, increased screen time, diminished access to effective mental healthcare, and economic instability. The negative impact of the pandemic will continue to have ramifications on the health and wellbeing of young people for years to come. Compiling evidence examining mental health trends is an important first step to understanding the impact of the pandemic on child and adolescent mental health and developing effective solutions. Although the official state of emergency is over, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are far-reaching and long-lasting. It is imperative that legislators and program administrators in Delaware and nationally work to ensure that young people and their families have access to affordable, high quality mental healthcare.

The 2024-2025 Commonwealth Budget for Mental Health: Funding unproven initiatives and stings in the tail.

We discuss the ramifications of the Commonwealth of Australia Budget allocations for mental healthcare for 2024-2025. There is funding for population-based mental health initiatives for milder anxiety and depression but no direct funding of services for the most severe and disabling forms of mental illness, other than pre-existing state/territory disbursements from the Commonwealth for state-based health services. There are substantial concerns that the Commonwealth funding has potentially been misallocated to ineffective interventions that are unlikely to reduce the population prevalence of mild anxiety and depression in Australia. Funds may have been better allocated to provide effective care for those with the most severe and disabling illnesses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and severe depression.

Risk factors for antenatal anxiety: a cross-sectional study in field antenatal clinics in Sri Lanka

ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the prevalence and factors affecting antenatal anxiety (AA) among Sri Lankan women.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of first trimester data from a population-based cohort of antenatal...

Assessment of anxiety in parents of children undergoing tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia: A cross-sectional study.

Surgery in the pediatric age group entails a significant amount of anxiety for parents. Due to anxiety, parents are unable to take care of their children, which could affect the child's well-being and contributes to poor outcomes. The primary objective of this study is to determine the frequency of preoperative anxiety in parents before the surgery of their children. It is a cross-sectional descriptive study that included either parent of 147 children of American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) I & II, aged 1-12 years undergoing tonsillectomy over the period of 1 year. Each parent's demographic data were recorded and requested to answer a proforma containing the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety Information Scale (APAIS) for assessing anxiety on a 5-point Likert scale. Median interquartile range (IQR), and frequency (%) were used to report the normal, skewed, and categorical variables. APAIS anxiety and information scores were compared by using either the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test. Furthermore, anxiety scores were grouped (present/absent) with a cut-off score of 11 for the presence of anxiety, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and the parent's anxiety. Overall, anxiety was present in 59 (40.1%) respondents with 20 (33.9%) being fathers and 39 (66.1%) mothers. The median (IQR) for APAIS anxiety and information score were 9 ± 5 and 5 ± 2, respectively. Higher median anxiety scores were observed statistically significant in children under 5 years old, mother respondents, mothers aged 35 or younger, fathers under 40, and mothers with graduate or higher education (p < 0.05). Father respondents (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.1-0.8, p = 0.01), and mother's education less than graduation (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1-0.6, p = 0.006) were also found to be statistically significant predictors. There is a significant prevalence of anxiety in parents of children who underwent surgery under general anaesthesia, and mothers have showed significantly higher anxiety levels than fathers.

Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety disorder in undergraduate students of Peshawar, kpk, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

Background: Anxiety is a widespread mental health concern that impacts a significant portion of the general population. Functional impairment and negative effects on quality of life are associated with it. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anxiety among undergraduate students in Peshawar and determine the factors associated with it. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was employed and 400 undergraduate students were included in the study from Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was gathered from various institutions located in Peshawar including The University of Peshawar (UOP), the Department of gender studies, the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, and the Department of pharmacy from The University of Peshawar (UOP), Kabir Medical College, Sardar Begum Dental College (SBDC), Jinnah College for Women (GCW). The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) was employed to analyze the prevalence of anxiety among students. SPSS version 26 was employed to analyze the data. Chi-square was used to find the association between different factors and anxiety. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.04±2.26 years. A total of 138 participants (34.5%) were male, while 262 participants (65.5%) were female. The overall prevalence of anxiety among undergraduate students of Peshawar came out to be 50.5%. Anxiety was strongly linked to dissatisfaction with family relationships (p-value = 0.00), dissatisfaction with career goals (p-value = 0.03), and the use of illicit drugs (p-value = 0.02). Additionally, physical discomfort (p-value = 0.00), low self-confidence (p-value = 0.00), and experiencing mental trauma in the past year (p-value = 0.00) were significantly associated with increased anxiety. Furthermore, anxiety was related to experiencing physical trauma (p-value = 0.04) and struggling with comfortable sleep (p-value = 0.00). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that anxiety is prevalent among undergraduate students in Peshawar. Developing targeted interventions to alleviate anxiety in this population may be facilitated by addressing these factors.

Cheers to anxiety: Granger causality insights on alcohol consumption patterns across 13 South American countries.

The relationship between alcohol consumption and mental health is complex; drinking may exacerbate anxiety, and in turn, anxiety can lead to excessive drinking. This study explores the relationship betweenalcoholconsumption patterns including wine, beer, and spirits,and anxiety prevalence in selected 13 South American nations. This study utilises secondary data spanning 29years from 1991 to 2019 obtained from the Our World in Data database. It investigates the causal link between the prevalence of anxiety and alcohol consumption in the selected countries using the Granger causality test. Anxiety was found to have a unidirectional effect on wine and beer consumption in Chile, Suriname, Uruguay, and Trinidad and Tobago. Additionally, drinking alcohol consumption appears to impact anxiety levels in Brazil. Argentina demonstrates a bidirectional relationshipbetween anxiety and all three types of alcohol consumption, with similar patterns observed in Brazil (wine and beer), Chile (spirits), and Paraguay (spirits). No significant causal relationships for alcohol consumption patterns were found in other nations. The identified Granger causal links follow four distinct directions in this study. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, governments, and international investors for informed decision-making regarding regulation and policy tools.

The Impact of Endometriosis Diagnosis on Women's Mental Health-A Cross-Sectional Study

Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to endometrium grows outside the uterus. It affects the social and psychological life of women. Objective: To evaluate the impact of endometriosis diagnosis on women's mental health. Methods: In this cross-sectional study basal data, Endometriosis Health Profile (EHP-30) statuses, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale scores were collected from 200 sub-fertile women who were sampled using a non-probability sampling technique. Frequency distribution and chi-square (X2) analysis were performed using IBM SPSS® version 26.0. Results: Out of 200 sub-fertile women 28 (14%) had endometriosis. Positive endometriosis significantly correlated with age (0.09&lt;0.1). The endometriosis-related health statuses significantly correlated with anxiety and depression with two-sided asymptomatic significances of 0.007 (&lt;0.05) and 0.000 (&lt; 0.05) respectively. The highest prevalence of severe anxiety and depression was present in women with bad possible health profiles related to endometriosis. Conclusions: It was concluded that endometriosis aggravates with age and its positive diagnosis has a strong negative impact on the social and psychological health of the patients.

Social Interaction Anxiety in Developmental Prosopagnosia: Prevalence, Severity, and Individual Differences.

Although elevated social anxiety in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) has been reported in anecdotal and qualitative studies, the current study sought to better quantify the prevalence, severity, and moderators of social anxiety in a large DP sample. A total of 88 DPs and 58 controls completed the validated Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and assessments of face recognition, autism traits, personality (Big Five Inventory), and coping strategies. DPs reported greater social anxiety symptoms (M = 30.25) than controls (M = 17.19), with 44% of DPs above a probable clinical cutoff compared with 14% of controls. Exploratory analyses revealed that DPs' social anxiety was more specific to items pertaining to mixing socially or interacting with unfamiliar people. Notably, several DPs reported minimal social anxiety, which was associated with being more extraverted and having fewer autism traits. A follow-up survey revealed that extraverted DPs more openly disclosed face recognition inabilities than introverted DPs, which may be a factor in their reduced social anxiety. These results better quantify the potential serious psychosocial consequences of DP and highlight the importance of individual differences as well as targeted intervention.

The association between anxiety and depression symptoms and clinical and pain characteristics in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and explore the association between these symptoms and clinical and pain characteristics in patients with chronic pain (CP) due to hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). In this cross-sectional study, adult patients with CP and knee and/or hip OA were included. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Visual analogue scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and PainDetect Questionnaire assessed pain characteristics and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) evaluated functional disability. Correlation coefficients were used to explore the associations between anxiety and depression symptoms and clinical and pain characteristics. A total of 61 patients (age 66.2±9.4 years, 67.2% female) were included. Most patients (70.5%) had clinically significant anxiety and/or depression symptoms. Patients with anxiety and/or depression symptoms had higher pain severity (p=0.032) and disability (p=0.014). Depression symptoms had a moderate positive correlation with WOMAC physical function subscale (r=0.520), WOMAC total (r=0.511) and HAQ (r=0.405). Anxiety and depression symptoms are prevalent in knee or hip OA patients with CP and were associated with higher pain severity and functional disability. These findings support the screening of anxiety and depression symptoms in OA patients, in order to develop more effective multidisciplinary treatments.

Treatment of Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

The aim of this article is to identify and illustrate the most used psychological techniques in the field of cystic fibrosis (CF) and to help clinicians choose the most appropriate strategy among various possibilities. The disease and its medical treatments can be difficult to tolerate and can cause anxiety about health status or feelings of hopelessness and stress. The prevalence of depression and anxiety is 2.3 times higher in adults with CF than in community samples. A strong correlation has been identified between elevated psychological distress and unfavorable health outcomes, including, among others, impaired lung function, reduced BMI, an increased incidence of pulmonary exacerbations, and an elevated risk of transplantation. The use of psychological interventions is useful in addressing these common distresses in CF patients. Aware of the necessity of identifying efficacious interventions for all levels of depression and anxiety in CF patients, this study presents an overview of the research on psychological interventions for patients with CF, in order to complement the treatments suggested by the international guidelines on mental health in CF cases. In fact, the aim of this study is to conduct a review and quantitative synthesis of the psychological intervention techniques that are currently available for individuals with CF.

Social Vulnerability and Mental Health Among People with HIV and Substance Use: The Role of Race.

Poor mental health significantly impacts people with HIV (PWH) and those who drink alcohol. Limited data exist on the combined effects of social determinants of health (social vulnerability) on mental health in PWH with unhealthy substance use. We investigated the relationship between social vulnerability and poor mental health in PWH and whether this relationship differed by race/ethnicity. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Boston ARCH Cohort among PWH with current or past unhealthy substance use. We created a 23-item social vulnerability index (SVI) using a deficit accumulation approach comprised of social determinants of health indicators. We estimated whether higher SVI score is associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms using logistic regression analysis. Among 251 participants with a mean age of 52 (SD = 10) years, 67.3% were male, 52% Black, 21% Hispanic, 19% White, and 73% unemployed. The SVI had a mean of 9.30 (SD = 3.4) with a 1.5-18 range. Nearly two in five persons reported past month heavy alcohol use and 35% illicit drug use. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was 34.4% and 54.2% respectively. Higher SVI score was associated with anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46, 2.76, p ≤ 0.001), and depressive symptoms (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.74, 3.36, p ≤ 0.001). Race/ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between SVI and each mental health outcome. SVI was significantly associated with poor mental health across racial/ethnicity groups in this cohort. Interventions that address social vulnerability may improve well-being and quality of life for PWH.

Mind matters: decoding mental health in medical students

This review synthesises current research on the prevalence and determinants of depressive and anxiety symptoms among medical students. It highlights significant mental health challenges faced by this group, emphasising the influence of various factors such as academic pressures, personality traits, and reluctance to seek professional help. The analysis also delves into the roles of gender and geographical variation, revealing how these factors contribute to differing rates of mental health issues among medical students globally. The findings reveal a concerning prevalence of depression and anxiety, with variation observed across different regions and genders, indicating the influence of cultural and societal norms on mental health. This review underscores the urgent need for enhanced mental health support and intervention strategies within medical education systems. The importance of incorporating psychological support programmes and mental health education into curricula is highlighted. By addressing these issues, there is a potential to significantly improve the well-being and academic success of medical students, ultimately contributing to their overall mental health and resilience in their future professional lives. The paper advocates for a multifaceted approach in tackling these challenges, suggesting that medical institutions should not only focus on academic excellence but also prioritise the mental health of their students, ensuring a more supportive and nurturing educational environment.

The multiple mediation model of social support and postpartum anxiety symptomatology: the role of resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum anxiety and the factors influencing it, while also exploring the multiple mediating roles of related factors between social support and postpartum anxiety symptomatology among postpartum women in China.MethodsBetween April and August 2023, we recruited a total of 824 postpartum women through a convenience sampling method. These participants completed a series of general survey questionnaires and were evaluated using the depression anxiety stress scale, perceived social support scale, 10-item Connor–Davidson resilience scale, maternal postpartum stress scale, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Additionally, we employed a hierarchical multiple regression model to investigate the relevant factors and mediators of postpartum anxiety symptomatology. A structural equation model was used to examine the mediating role of resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems in the relationship between social support and postpartum anxiety symptomatology.ResultsOur study found a postpartum anxiety symptomatology prevalence rate of 18.40%. The factors influencing postpartum anxiety symptomatology included age, education of their husband, mastitis, social support, resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems. Through a multiple mediation analysis, we found that resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems completely mediated the effects of social support on postpartum anxiety symptomatology, with the mediating effect accounting for 83.57% of the total effect.ConclusionThe multiple mediation analysis revealed that among postpartum women, the impact of social support on postpartum anxiety symptomatology is channeled through resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems. Therefore, enhancing social support, resilience, postpartum stress, and sleep problems might alleviate postpartum anxiety symptomatology.

Prevalence of anxio-depressive disorders, insomnia and self-esteem in a Moroccan population addicted to cannabis and/or alcohol: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background Addiction to cannabis and alcohol is a global public health concern, linked to significant mental health impairments such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, and low self-esteem. This study, conducted in Marrakech’s addiction treatment centers, aims to assess the prevalence of mental health disorders, insomnia, and self-esteem among individuals seeking treatment for alcohol and/or cannabis addiction. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 2023 to January 1 2024. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, and self-esteem were assessed using the HADS, ISI, and Rosenberg scale. Results Anxiety prevalence for cannabis, alcohol, and both substances was 57.9%, 55.2%, and 59.2%, respectively. Depression prevalence was 71.7% (cannabis), 73.1% (alcohol), and 75% (both substances). Sub-clinical insomnia (mild) prevalence for the three groups was 65.4%, 71.6%, and 77.6%. Low self-esteem was observed at 59.1%, 64.2%, and 60.5% for cannabis, alcohol, and both substances, respectively. No significant association has been found between the type of product consumed (cannabis, alcohol, cannabis and alcohol) and anxiety, depression, insomnia and self-esteem. Conclusions These findings highlight prevalent mental health disorders in cannabis and alcohol addiction, underscoring the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatments, including regular mental health screenings, quarterly follow-ups, and family involvement in group therapies at Moroccan addiction centers.

Depression, anxiety, stress and related factors among husbands of Iranian women with cancer: A cross-sectional study

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and their related factors in husbands of women with cancer. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 400 husbands of women with cancer who referred to two cancer referral centers in Kashan (Isfahan, Iran) from April to August 2022. The demographic and medical data, the Larson Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSQ), and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were collected. ResultsThe mean age of the husbands was 50.47 ± 10.16 years, and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 15%, 17.5%, and 17.8%, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed significant associations between husbands' depression and age, involvement rate in caring for their wife, sexual satisfaction, and education level (p < 0.05). The rate of anxiety was also related to education level, economic status, housing status, the rate of involvement in caring for one's wife, sexual satisfaction, the duration of the woman's cancer, the degree of cancer progression, and the length of hospitalization due to cancer (p < 0.05). The stress rate also showed a significant correlation with age, educational level, degree of involvement in caring for one's wife, and duration of cancer (p < 0.05). ConclusionThe prevalence of psychological problems among husbands of women with cancer is remarkable. Therefore, based on the identified factors associated with these complications, supportive care programs can designed by health care professionals to improve mental health and reduce the suffering of husbands of patients with cancer.

A Mixed-Methods Study to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Among Undergraduate Nursing Students.

As the backbone of future healthcare delivery, the mental health of undergraduate nursing students can have a direct impact on patients' perceptions of health and the quality of their healthcare learning. However, there has been little qualitative research on the factors influencing the mental health of undergraduate nursing students. This study investigated the current status and factors influencing depression and anxiety in undergraduate nursing students. Questionnaires were administered to third-year nursing students at a medical college university using the Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety (SAS) and the Self-Depression Scale (SDS). The students who suffered from anxiety or depression were selected for qualitative interviews and the results of the interviews were analysed by using the seven-step Koretz analysis. (1) SAS and SDS scores of undergraduate nursing students were higher than the national average. (2) The qualitative interviews revealed that five themes, including childhood experience, body image, interpersonal relationships, professional identity and career planning, influenced mental health. Undergraduate nursing students exhibited a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. The colleges should establish a proactive educational model centred on teaching quality, professional identity, career planning and mental health. This study found that the mental health of undergraduate nursing students was influenced by a variety of factors, which require diverse and constant interventions. School, family and social resources should collaborate to develop a systematic approach for better mental health education in undergraduate nursing students.

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in COVID-19 Patients and Frontline Healthcare Workers

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in COVID-19 Patients and Frontline Healthcare Workers

Neuroticism as a Common Factor in Depression and Anxiety Associated with Multiple Sclerosis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Left undiagnosed and untreated, the association between multiple sclerosis and mental health difficulties significantly increases the multimorbidity risk in these patients. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of neuroticism, depression, and anxiety in MS and to explore the cumulative impact of these psychological factors on the disease expression. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Also, the potential risk of bias was assessed using the AXIS tool. After a rigorous full-text examination, among the 756 identified studies, 22 investigations were considered for the systematic review, and 10 studies were selected for the meta-analysis. The prevalence of neuroticism in the studied population was 24.06% (95% CI: 16.79-33.34), of depression 20.77% (95% CI: 7.67-33.88), while the presence of anxiety was found in 23.94% (95% CI: 6.21-40.36). The main finding of this research confirms that psychiatric disorders often co-occur with MS, impacting the clinical symptoms and life quality of patients living with this illness. For a better understanding of the interaction between personality, depression, anxiety, and the disease symptoms, future research should consider conducting comparisons on more homogenous studies.