One platform for all researcher needs
AI-powered academic writing assistant
Your #1 AI companion for literature search
AI tool for graphics, illustrations, and artwork
Unlock unlimited use of all AI tools with the Editage All Access membership.
Published in last 50 years
Pressure ulcers can lead to pain, disfigurement, and slow recovery from comorbid conditions. They interfere with activities of daily living, predispose to osteomyelitis and septicemia, and are stro...
This is the first report of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inducing accelerated healing of a sacral pressure ulcer in a bedridden patient with bilateral hemiplegia. GM-CSF was diluted and injected locally around and into the ulcer bed every 2-3 days for 2 weeks, then weekly for 4 weeks until complete healing occurred. A new firm granulation tissue was noted within a few days. The ulcer showed 85% healing within 2 weeks and 100% by 2 months. Healing started from the periphery and from within the ulcer bed at sites of GM-CSF injections. It was slower at areas where there was complete necrosis and detachment of skin from underlying tissue. The ulcer remained closed until the patient's sudden death 9 months later. A biopsy of granulation tissue showed inflammatory cells and reactive fibroblasts. The potential role of GM-CSF and growth factors in pressure ulcer therapy and wound healing are discussed.