Pressure Screening Research Articles

Kegiatan Pengukuran Tekanan Darah dan Penyakit Darah Tinggi pada Populasi Usia Produktif

Hypertension is an increasing global health problem. By 2025, it is estimated that 1.5 billion people will suffer from hypertension, with 10.44 million deaths annually caused by hypertension and its complications. Most cases are idiopathic, related to genetic factors, diet and lifestyle. Uncontrolled hypertension significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and stroke. This activity uses the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) method for blood pressure screening and counseling in adults at PT. Narindo, North Jakarta. The results of blood pressure examination showed that 4 people (3.08%) had grade 3 hypertension, 7 people (5.38%) had grade 2 hypertension, 20 people (15.38%) had grade 1 hypertension. Monitor blood pressure regularly and increasing public health knowledge can increase awareness and encourage healthy lifestyle changes, reducing the prevalence and complications of hypertension.

Chronic Conditions and Multimorbidity Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Peri-Urban Dwellers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Chronic conditions and multimorbidity affect care needs and prevention opportunities. We studied 2,246 men and women aged ≥40 years within the Dar es Salaam Urban Cohort Study from June 2017 to July 2018. Seventeen chronic conditions were assessed based on self-report, body and blood pressure measurement, blood tests, and screening instruments. Hypertension (51.3%), anemia (34.1%), obesity (32.2%), diabetes (31.6%), depressive symptoms (31.5%), low grip strength (21.2%), and ischemic heart disease (11.9%) were widespread. Multimorbidity was common (73.7%). Women had higher odds of obesity, ischemic heart disease, and high cholesterol (adjusted OR: 2.08-4.16) and lower odds of underweight, low grip strength, alcohol problems, and smoking (adjusted OR: 0.04-0.45). Ten years of age were associated with higher odds of low grip strength, cognitive problems, hypertension, kidney disease, chronic cough, diabetes, high cholesterol, ischemic heart disease, and multimorbidity (adjusted OR: 1.21-1.81) and lower odds of HIV infection (adjusted OR: 0.51). We found a higher prevalence of multimorbidity than previously estimated for middle-aged and elderly people in sub-Saharan Africa. The chronic conditions underlying multimorbidity differed by sex.

UNDERSTANDING THE DANGERS OF HYPERTENSION IN THE PRODUCTIVE AGE THROUGH COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

Background: Elevated blood pressure above the threshold is known as hypertension and is a contributing factor to cardiovascular disease. Lack of knowledge and inadequate physical activity were identified as the main factors contributing to hypertension among 36 individuals in the Padukuhan Jomblangan community of Bantul. This phenomenon occurs not only in old age but also in individuals of productive age. If health intervention is not carried out, sufferers may increase. Objective: To encourage public awareness regarding the prevention of hypertension through blood pressure-checking activities and health education. Method: This program aims to assist individuals with hypertension in Padukuhan Jomblangan, Bantul. To address hypertension, the program utilized health education, blood pressure screenings, and the incorporation of celery plants into family gardens. Health education is carried out through lectures, discussions and questions and answers. Data from blood pressure examinations is processed by comparing it with standards set by the Ministry of Health. Results: 13 people were identified as having level 2 hypertension, and 11 people were identified as having level 1 hypertension. The community was motivated to combat high blood pressure through physical activity, celery consumption, and growing celery at home for its medicinal properties. Conclusion: Stakeholders and Community Health Centers must revitalize NCDs Health Program to prevent NCDs. Furthermore, people can add celery as a family medicinal plant to reduce hypertension.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Australia.

May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global and national blood pressure (BP) screening campaign initiated by the International Society of Hypertension to improve awareness of BP worldwide. This study reports on the findings of the MMM21 campaign in Australia. Adult participants (≥18 years) were screened through opportunistic sampling across Australia between 1 May and 30 November 2021. Trained volunteers recorded standardized BP measurements from community volunteer participants along with demographic data, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication. Data were collated and analysed centrally using the current MMM protocol and presented after the imputation of missing BP readings. A total of 1307 participants were screened in 2021, comprising 652 (49.9%) females and 654 (50.0%) males with a mean age of 48 years (SD 20.1). Of all 1307 participants, 524 (40.1%) had hypertension. Of participants with hypertension, 65.4% were aware and 59.3% were on antihypertensive medication. Of 311 participants on antihypertensive medication, 54.7% had controlled BP. Of all 524 participants with hypertension, 32.5% had controlled BP. The current 2021 data may indicate some progress in creating BP awareness; however, consecutive Australian data obtained since 2017 demonstrated stagnating treatment, and control rates compared with global rates and those in other high-income countries. Concerted efforts from all stakeholders will be required to further improve BP awareness, treatment, and control rates in Australia.

Blood pressure screening results from May Measurement Month 2021 in Vietnam.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative to raise awareness of high BP and acts as a temporary solution to the worldwide shortage of screening programmes. We aimed to screen for hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors in people aged ≥18 years in the community, thereby defining the proportion of participants with elevated BP and assessing the awareness and the effectiveness of its treatment. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2021. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. From May 2021 to June 2021, through three cities/provinces in Vietnam (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), 2572 individuals with mean age 51.5 (SD ±15.7) years were screened. After multiple imputation, 929 (36.1%) had hypertension. Of individuals not receiving antihypertensive medication, 206 (11.2%) were hypertensive. Of individuals receiving antihypertensive medication, 415 (57.4%) had uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mmHg). The MMM21 BP screening campaign was undertaken in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic. Undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension in Vietnam remains a substantial health problem. Local campaigns applying standardized methods such as MMM21 will be beneficial to screen for a significant number of individuals with raised BP and increase awareness of hypertension.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Armenia.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a growing burden worldwide and is the leading cause of mortality and disability-adjusted life years all over the world. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative aimed to increase awareness of high BP initiated by the International Society of Hypertension, to identify individuals in need of improved hypertension care, and to improve BP screening worldwide. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in accordance with standard MMM protocol in 2021. The study was conducted in public areas, both indoor and outdoor, as well as in primary and secondary healthcare centres. A total of 5777 individuals (mean age 51.8 ± 16.1 years, 49.8% female) were screened. After imputation, 45.7% participants had hypertension and 43.7% of them were aware of their high BP. Of 2640 participants with hypertension, 887 (33.6%) were on antihypertensive treatment, of whom 32.4% were on single medication, 29.7% on two medications, and 37.9% on three or more. Only 42.2% of those on medication had controlled BP (<140/90 mmHg), whereas of the participants with hypertension overall, 14.2% had controlled BP. We found that the prevalence of inadequately treated hypertension remains high in Armenia and may represent a vital contributor to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Zimbabwe.

The May Measurement Month 2021 campaign in Zimbabwe was aimed at assessing the frequency of hypertension and improving awareness among the population of the sequelae of elevated blood pressure (BP). Participants aged 18 years and above were recruited at outdoor booths to fill out a questionnaire and provide three BP measurements with 1-min intervals. Of the 2094 participants, over one-third (37.3%) were hypertensive, half of hypertensives (49.7%) were aware they had elevated pressure, and less than half (45.0%) of the hypertensive patients were on antihypertensive medications. Increasing age was directly proportional to hypertension with a large leap from 9.5 to 27.7% between the 18-29 and 30-39 age groups. Hypertension remains a major public health challenge in Zimbabwe. Improving access to preventive health screening services as well as treatment facilities is essential to early detect and control hypertension.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from China.

We reported findings from participants screened during the May Measurement Month 2021 in China, which aimed to raise awareness of raised blood pressure (BP), and to investigate the risk factors of BP. The study participants were adults (≥18 years), ideally in whom BP had not been measured in the previous year. Blood pressure was measured three times consecutively with 1 min intervals in the sitting position, using a validated upper-arm cuff automated BP monitor (Omron HEM-7081IT), and transmitted to a central cloud database via a smartphone app. The measurement was performed in 218 844 participants in 183 sites across 31 China provinces. The mean (standard deviation) age was 47.0 (15.7) years, and 51.8% (n = 113 466) were women. The mean systolic/diastolic BP was 120.2/77.5 mmHg. Among 57 178 (26.1%) participants with hypertension, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension were 30.4% (n = 17 354), 28.7% (n = 16 369), and 17.1% (n = 9743), respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, and use of antihypertensive medication, both systolic and diastolic BP were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher in current smokers (n = 22 344, +0.4/+0.7 mmHg) and with moderate (n = 4780, +1.4/+4.2 mmHg) or daily alcohol intake (n = 2427, +1.3/+2.5 mmHg). Blood pressure was lower in those reporting regular exercise (n = 32 328, -2.2/-1.4 mmHg). In addition, individuals with previous COVID-19 vaccination had lower systolic and diastolic BP (n = 88 945, -1.8/-1.5 mmHg, P ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, our study showed that long-term large-scale screening for hypertension is feasible, and there is a strong association between BP and major lifestyle factors.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Bulgaria.

Cardiovascular disease is not only the leading cause of mortality in Bulgaria, but the associated mortality rate is twice the European Union average, so screening programmes that identify subjects with elevated blood pressure (BP) are of utmost importance. May Measurement Month (MMM) is an annual global initiative that began in 2017 that aims to raise awareness of high BP. Bulgaria first joined the third campaign of MMM in 2019, and an overview of the results of Bulgarian participation in MMM21 is presented in this paper. Hypertension was defined as receiving BP-lowering medications or having a systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. Statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. In Bulgaria, 155 screening sites were set up in primary and secondary care facilities, in pharmacies, and outdoor spaces across 16 administrative districts. Out of 3908 individuals screened, 2896 participants (74.1%) had hypertension. Of 2896 participants with hypertension, 76.4% were on treatment of whom 48.5% had controlled BP (<140/90 mmHg). Out of 1696 participants not on antihypertensive medication, 684 (40.3%) had elevated BP. Men were found to have higher rates of undiagnosed hypertension and lower rates of control than women. By identifying almost two-thirds of the whole screened cohort with the possibility of newly diagnosed or uncontrolled hypertension, our results confirm the importance of BP screening.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Bangladesh.

Previous studies have shown that among Bangladeshi adults, one-fifth have hypertension. The National Heart Foundation of Bangladesh participated in May Measurement Month (MMM) campaigns in 2017, 2018, 2019, as well as in 2021 as a part of a global initiative aimed at raising awareness of high blood pressure (BP) and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of nationwide screening programmes. This opportunistic screening of voluntary participants aged ≥18 years was carried out from May to July 2021. Data were collected from more than 150 screening sites in all 64 districts in Bangladesh. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the MMM protocol. Data on 28 355 individuals were finally analysed. Among the participants, 17 941 (63.3%) were female. After multiple imputation, 11 194 (39.5%) had hypertension. Among the 11 194 participants with hypertension, 78.8% were aware of having hypertension and 65.6% were on antihypertensive medication. Among 11 194 participants with hypertension, 7340 participants (65.6%) were on antihypertensive medication and 43.8% had controlled BP (<140/90 mmHg). Of those on antihypertensive medication, 66.8% had controlled BP. A voluntary BP screening programme can identify significant numbers of people with raised BP and thus contributes importantly to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

May Measurement Month 2021: results of 31 national blood pressure screening programmes.

May Measurement Month 2021: results of 31 national blood pressure screening programmes.

Elevated blood pressure in children with cerebral palsy and its relationship with adiposity and physical activity

BackgroundThere is a high prevalance of hypertension in adults with with cerebral palsy (CP). However, less is known about blood pressure in children with CP. ObjectiveThe aim was to determine if blood pressure is elevated in children with CP and whether it is related to adiposity and physical activity. MethodsThirty children with spastic CP (5–11 y) and 30 age-, sex-, and race-matched typically developing control children were studied. Resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate were measured, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was calculated. Visceral fat mass and total body fat mass index (FMI) were determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometer-based monitors. ResultsChildren with CP had higher DBP and heart rate than controls (p < 0.05). DBP percentile and MAP were also higher in children with CP when BMI was statistically controlled. Children with CP and elevated blood pressure or hypertension (n = 8) had 56% more visceral fat mass than children with CP and normal blood pressure (n = 22; p < 0.05). In the groups combined, blood pressure was directly related to visceral fat mass and FMI, and inversely related to physical activity (p < 0.05). However, in children with CP alone, only visceral fat mass was related to blood pressure (p < 0.05). ConclusionsChildren with CP have higher resting blood pressure than typically developing children. The higher blood pressure is related to higher visceral adiposity. Careful blood pressure screening should start during childhood in individuals with CP.

Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes in Children

In 2017, the American Academy of Pediatrics issued a new clinical practice guideline for defining hypertension in children as an update to the previous Fourth Report guidelines issued in 2004. Prevalence of confirmed pediatric hypertension in children has ranged from 2% to 4% based on previous guidelines yet it is unknown what the prevalence is under the new guideline. We estimated the prevalence of elevated blood pressure, stage 1, and stage 2 hypertension by the new American Academy of Pediatrics guideline in our school-based blood pressure screening program. New prevalence estimates were compared with Fourth Report prevalence estimates in the same population by sex, age, and height factors. In 22 224 students aged 10 to 17 years screened in school as part of the Houston Pediatric and Hypertension Program at the University of Texas McGovern Medical School, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (previously called prehypertension) increased from 14.8% by Fourth Report to 16.3% by the new American Academy of Pediatrics guideline. This increase in elevated blood pressure resulted from differential classification changes in younger and older children. Prevalence of confirmed hypertension remains at 2% to 4% in this population, however shorter children &lt;13 years old and taller, older children 13+ years old are systematically more likely to be diagnosed with hypertension by new guidelines..

Risk Factor Analysis for Stroke Incidence in North Sulawesi: Based on the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research

Stroke is a serious public health issue and the main cause of disability and death after ischemic heart disease. Every year, 12.2 million individuals worldwide suffer from a stroke, which results in 6.5 million deaths. There has been an increasing incidence of stroke in Indonesia, including in North Sulawesi. This study aims to examine the risk factors for stroke incidence in North Sulawesi in a population aged ≥35 years based on the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research data. This quantitative research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were performed during data analysis involving 7,111 respondents. The multivariate analysis results showed that hypertension (p=0.000; AOR 8.739; 95% CI 5.758-13.263), physical activity (p=0.000; AOR 2.771; 95% CI 1.944-3.948), gender (p=0.000; AOR 2.047; 95% CI 1.388-3.017), heart disease (p=0.015; AOR 1.919; 95% CI 1.133-3.250), age (p=0.008; AOR 1.669; 95% CI 1.144-2.434), occupation (p=0.008; AOR 1.693; 95% CI 1.145-2.504), and fatty foods consumption (p=0.023; AOR 0.603; 95% CI 0.390-0.932) had a significant correlation with stroke incidence in this study. The main finding of this study shows that hypertension is the most influential risk factor for stroke incidence in a population aged ≥35 years in North Sulawesi. Regular blood pressure screenings are needed as an early hypertension detection effort to prevent stroke incidence.

Blood pressure screening in Mata Sector, a rural area of Rwanda.

In rural sub-Saharan Africa, knowledge of non-communicable diseases such as high blood pressure (BP) is rather limited. This report provides information about a BP screening in Mata Sector, a rural region in Southern Province of Rwanda. Community-based, house-to-house screening was performed between February and July 2020 on more than 7000 inhabitants. The screening was conducted by a local team composed by 20 community health care workers, five community health care supervisors, and one nurse with hypertension surveillance training. BP and heart rate were recorded after 5 min of resting, using a validated automated oscillometric OMRON M6 IT-HEM-7322-E monitor with Intelli Wrap Cuff (HEM-FL31-E) technology. The mean of the second and third value was retained. BP was normal (<140/90 mm Hg) in 6340 (88%) and elevated in 863 (12%) participants with 95% of unawareness. Grade 1 (140-159/90-99 mm Hg) hypertensive BP readings were detected in 697 (81%), grade 2 (160-179/100-109 mm Hg) in 134 (16%), and grade 3 (≥180/≥110 mm Hg) in 32 (3.7%) individuals. The prevalence of hypertensive readings was significantly age-dependent. Additionally, a slightly greater proportion of participants with high BP (14% versus 11%) had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m2. Also resting heart rate was higher in individuals with high BP (82 versus 77 beats/min). Although individuals identified with occasionally elevated BP values need further confirmatory measurements to establish the diagnosis of hypertension, these data suggest that high BP represents a noteworthy and preventable reason of concern within sub-Saharan Africa.

Photonics-powered augmented reality skin electronics for proactive healthcare: multifaceted opportunities.

Rapid technological advancements have created opportunities for new solutions in various industries, including healthcare. One exciting new direction in this field of innovation is the combination of skin-based technologies and augmented reality (AR). These dermatological devices allow for the continuous and non-invasive measurement of vital signs and biomarkers, enabling the real-time diagnosis of anomalies, which have applications in telemedicine, oncology, dermatology, and early diagnostics. Despite its many potential benefits, there is a substantial information vacuum regarding using flexible photonics in conjunction with augmented reality for medical purposes. This review explores the current state of dermal augmented reality and flexible optics in skin-conforming sensing platforms by examining the obstacles faced thus far, including technical hurdles, demanding clinical validation standards, and problems with user acceptance. Our main areas of interest are skills, chiroptical properties, and health platform applications, such as optogenetic pixels, spectroscopic imagers, and optical biosensors. My skin-enhanced spherical dichroism and powerful spherically polarized light enable thorough physical inspection with these augmented reality devices: diabetic tracking, skin cancer diagnosis, and cardiovascular illness: preventative medicine, namely blood pressure screening. We demonstrate how to accomplish early prevention using case studies and emergency detection. Finally, it addresses real-world obstacles that hinder fully realizing these materials' extraordinary potential in advancing proactive and preventative personalized medicine, including technical constraints, clinical validation gaps, and barriers to widespread adoption.

Frequency of office blood pressure measurements and the seasonal variability of blood pressure: results of the Hungarian Hypertension Registry

Purpose Hypertension is a major public health problem, thus, its timely and appropriate diagnosis and management are crucial for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of the new Hungarian Hypertension Registry is to evaluate the blood pressure measurement practices of general practitioners (GPs), internists and cardiologists in outpatient clinics, as well as to assess the seasonal variability of blood pressure. Materials and methods Omron M3 IT devices were used during four-month periods between October 2018 and April 2023 in GP practices and in hypertension clinics. The blood pressure data were then transmitted online from the monitors’ cuffs to a central database using the Medistance system of Omron. Results Family physicians (n = 2491), and internists/cardiologists (n = 477) participated in the study. A total of 4804 821 blood pressure measurements were taken during 10 four-month evaluation periods. In the ten periods, the daily average number of measurements was between 3.0 and 5.6. Following ESH diagnostic criteria, the proportion of subjects in optimal, normal and high-normal blood pressure categories were 14, 13.4 and 16.7%, respectively. Altogether 56% of the measurements belonged to stage 1, stage 2 or stage 3 hypertension categories (31.6, 17.1 and 7.4%, respectively). On average, a difference of 5/2 mmHg was observed between winter and summer data in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. The average systolic blood pressure values were higher in GP practices with more than 2000 patients than in the ones with less than 1500 patients (141.86 mmHg versus 140.02 mmHg, p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, the low daily average number of blood pressure measurements indicates a limited blood pressure screening awareness/capacity in the case of Hungarian family physicians. In GP practices with more patients, blood pressure is usually less well-controlled. These results suggest that the further promotion of home blood pressure monitoring is necessary.

Early postpartum blood pressure screening is associated with increased detection of cardiovascular risk factors in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Guidelines recommend that women with HDP be screened for the development of hypertension (HTN) within 6-12 months postpartum. However, the extent to which this early blood pressure (BP) screening is being performed and the impact on detection of CV risk factors is unknown. Women with HDP and without pre-existing hypertension (HTN) who had at least 6 months of clinical follow-up were categorized by postpartum BP screening status: early BP screen (6-12 months after delivery) or late BP screen (≥12 months after delivery). Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with early screening. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling examined the association between early screening and detection of incident CV risk factors: HTN, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus type 2, or hyperlipidemia. Among 4194 women with HDP, 1172 (28%) received early BP screening. Older age, pre-existing hyperlipidemia, diabetes, sickle cell disease, hypothyroidism, gestational diabetes, and delivery during or after 2014 were independently associated with early BP screening, whereas Hispanic ethnicity was associated with late BP screening. Early BP screening was most commonly performed at a primary care visit. After a median follow-up of 3.7 years, 1012 (24%) women had at least 1 new risk factor detected. Even after adjustment for baseline risk, women receiving early BP screening had a significantly higher rate of incident CV risk factor detection than women receiving late BP screening (56% vs 28%; adj. HR 2.70, 95%CI: 2.33-3.23, P < .001). Early postpartum BP screening was performed in a minority of women with HDP, but was associated with greater detection of CV risk factors. More intensive postpartum CV screening and targeted interventions are needed to optimize CV health in this high-risk population of women with HDP.

IJCM_259A: Non-communicable disease (NCD) programme -factors influencing awareness and utilization of the services among adults of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu- a community based cross-sectional study.

Background: Healthcare at people’s doorstep called Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam (MTM) scheme was launched by Tamil Nadu Government in 2021 to further improve the access to NCD care by ensuring door step blood sugar &amp; blood pressure screening, drug delivery by designated trained manpower called Women Health Volunteers (WHV). Assessing the programme awareness and its utilization at this juncture is the need of the hour. Hence, the present study was conducted. Objectives: 1. To assess the awareness about MTM scheme among adults &gt;30 years in the field practice area, Madurai district 2. To determine the factors influencing awareness and utilization of MTM services Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was done among 165 adults of &gt;30 years in field practice area of our department in October 2023. By cluster sampling, participants were interviewed using a pre-structured validated questionnaire containing socio-demographic details and data to assess awareness and factors influencing awareness and utilization of MTM services. Data were entered in MS Excel and analysed using SPSS. Results: Mean age was 54±13.60 years. 60% were females, 83% were literates,63% were employed.80% were aware about the scheme and 74% awareness was through healthcare workers,98% preferred door to door services. Awareness regarding lifestyle modifications, breast, cervix and oral cancer screening were 56%,40%,39% and 20% respectively. There is statistically significant association between MTM awareness and age, occupation, blood sugar and blood pressure check-up in the last one year. By multiple logistic regression, awareness among those 50 yrs. Those with awareness had 2.62 times odds of utilization of services as compared to those without awareness. Conclusion: There is a good awareness and utilization of MTM services. To sustain this, IEC activities can be done at regular intervals with special emphasis on cancer screening.

Longitudinal Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Postpartum Women.

Background: Pregnancy-related cardiovascular (CV) conditions, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes (GDM), are associated with increased long-term CV risk. Methods: This retrospective cohort study defined the prevalence of HDP and GDM within a large, academic health system in the southeast United States between 2012 and 2015 and described health care utilization and routine CV screening up to 1-year following delivery among those with pregnancy-related CV conditions. Rates of follow-up visits and blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid screening in the first postpartum year were compared by provider type and pregnancy-related CV condition. Results: Of the 6027 deliveries included, 20% were complicated by HDP and/or GDM. Rates of pre-pregnancy CV risk factors were high, with a significantly higher proportion of pre-pregnancy obesity among women with HDP than in normal pregnancies. Those with both HDP/GDM had the highest rates of follow-up by 1-year postpartum, yet only half of those with any pregnancy-related CV condition had any follow-up visit after 12 weeks. Although most (70%) of those with HDP had postpartum blood pressure screening, less than one-third of those with GDM had a repeat HbA1c by 12 months. Overall, postpartum lipid screening was rare (<20%). Conclusion: There is a high burden of pregnancy-related CV conditions in a large U.S. academic health system. Although overall rates of follow-up in the early postpartum period were high, gaps in longitudinal follow-up exist. Low rates of CV risk factor follow-up at 1 year indicate a missed opportunity for early CV prevention.