Pressure Levels Research Articles

Predicting tool life and sound pressure levels in dry turning using machine learning models

Predicting tool life and sound pressure levels in dry turning using machine learning models

Efficacy of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients – A Single Centre Study

I Background : Quasi -interventional pretest posttest research design was adopted to investigate beetroot juice supplementation on reduction of blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels among 60 hypertensive clients with hyperlipidemia using non probability purposive sampling technique Methodology: On Day-1: The demographic and clinical information was gathered by using a self-structured questionnaire . On Day -2, the pretest level of hyperlipidemia was estimated and also, the pretest blood pressure level was assessed using sphygmomanometer. From Day-3, 200ml of beetroot juice was administered once a day for 30 days. On Day- 34 study participants were re-assessed to estimate the levels hyperlipidemia and blood pressure. Results: The study results concluded that, the pretest and posttest mean score with mean difference score of SBP and DBP in the Interventional Group was141.46±10.43,88.60±5.48 and 128.40±7.13 ,83.20±4.65 with mean difference score was13.06, 5.40 The calculated paired ‘t’ test value of SDP and DBP t =12.558 , 5.964 was statistically significant at p<0.001 Level. The pretest and posttest with mean difference score of total cholesterol,LDL,HDL, triglyceride , cholesterol/HDLratio in the interventional group was 176.86±14.26,103.60±9.68,36.96±4.73,156.53±32.48, 4.45±0.82 and 170.10±15.37,92.96±9.20,41.96±6.08,138.83±26.48,4.00±0.75with mean difference score was 6.76,10.64,5.0,17.70, 0.45.The calculated Paired ‘t’ test value of t =10.329,15.804, 7.816,10.652,14.879 was statistically significant at p<0.001 level.this clearly shows that after administered beetroot juice the blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels was significantly reduced in the Interventional group. Conclusion: administered Beetroot juice proved to be an effective intervention in reducing the blood pressure and serum cholesterol level among hypertensive patients with hyperlipidemia

The effect of sleep effectiveness on examination scores of first year osteopathic medical students

Medical students frequently encounter high levels of stress and pressure, which can negatively affect their mental health and sleep quality, a key determinant of cognitive function and academic success. This study assesses the relationship between sleep effectiveness and academic performance among medical students. An observational, cross-sectional survey took place at A.T. Still University - School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona (ATSU-SOMA), involving participants from the 2027 cohort. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used and exam scores from the second exam of the fourth block were analyzed. For the purpose of our inquiry, the “Sleep Effectiveness” component score of the PSQI was used for our analysis. The results indicated a significant inverse relationship between sleep effectiveness and exam performance (R² = 0.087, p =0.000262), demonstrating that increased sleep effectiveness was associated with lower exam performance. The study highlights the sheer amounts of confounding variables in the preconceived notion that “,Sleep is the key for academic success.” This research suggests that academic performance is best explained by multiple variables rather than simply one. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of sleep deprivation and explore interventions beyond sleep hygiene, including stress and time management strategies. Understanding the broader impact of sleep on medical education is essential for fostering better outcomes for students in both academic and clinical settings.

Management and monitoring of anesthesia during the perioperative period in a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Anesthesia management is crucial for ensuring patient safety and optimal surgical outcomes during the perioperative period. In Bangladesh, the challenges faced in managing and monitoring anesthesia in tertiary care hospitals necessitate a comprehensive evaluation of current practices. This study aims to assess the anesthetic management protocols and monitoring strategies employed in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This observational study was conducted in Islami Bank Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from July to December 2023. Data were collected from patients undergoing various surgical procedures requiring anesthesia. The anesthetic techniques used, intraoperative monitoring parameters, and any complications encountered were recorded. The study included a review of anesthesia charts, patient records, and interviews with anesthesia providers. Statistical analysis was performed to identify trends and correlations. Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. The most commonly used anesthetic technique was general anesthesia (65%), followed by regional anesthesia (30%) and local anesthesia (5%). Intraoperative monitoring parameters included heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and end-tidal carbon dioxide levels, which were consistently documented in 95% of cases. Complications occurred in 10% of patients, primarily involving respiratory issues and cardiovascular instability. Proper adherence to monitoring protocols significantly reduced the incidence of complications. Conclusion: Effective management and monitoring of anesthesia during the perioperative period are vital for patient safety in a tertiary hospital setting. The study highlights the importance of standardized protocols and continuous monitoring to minimize complications. Recommendations for improving anesthetic practices include regular training for anesthesia providers and enhancing monitoring infrastructure to ensure optimal patient care.

Mechanism of action of exercise regulating intestinal microflora to improve spontaneous hypertension in rats.

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular disease. Exercise is widely recognized as an effective treatment for hypertension, and it may also influence the composition of the intestinal microflora. However, it remains unclear whether exercise can specifically regulate the intestinal microflora in the context of hypertension treatment. In this study, tail blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was measured using a blood pressure meter after exercise intervention and fecal bacteria transplantation following exercise. Blood lipid levels were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, and 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to analyze the intestinal microflora. Histological examinations of ileal tissue were conducted using HE and Masson staining. Intestinal permeability, inflammatory status, and sympathetic activity were evaluated by measuring the levels of diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, lipopolysaccharide, norepinephrine, angiotensin II, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Exercise was found to reduce blood pressure and blood lipid levels in SHR. It also improved the composition of the intestinal microflora, as evidenced by a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, an increase in bacteria that produce acetic and butyric acid, and higher Chao 1 and Shannon diversity indices. Furthermore, exercise reduced the thickness of the fibrotic and muscular layers in the ileum, increased the goblet cell/villus ratio and villus length, and decreased intestinal permeability, inflammatory markers, and sympathetic nerve activity. The intestinal microbial flora regulated by exercise demonstrated similar effects on hypertension. In conclusion, exercise appears to regulate the intestinal microflora, and this exercise-induced change in flora may contribute to improvements in hypertension in rats.

Telehealth innovations for cardiovascular disease management

Telehealth innovations and wearable technologies are revolutionizing the management of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), providing patients with more accessible and continuous care. The integration of remote monitoring tools and mobile health applications allows for real-time tracking of vital signs, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels, enabling early detection of abnormalities and timely medical interventions. These technologies empower patients to actively participate in their own health management, encouraging adherence to prescribed lifestyle changes, such as increased physical activity and improved dietary habits, which are essential for preventing and controlling CVD. Wearable devices, such as smartwatches and fitness trackers, play a critical role in the continuous monitoring of cardiovascular health. Combined with telehealth platforms, they offer personalized insights and facilitate communication between patients and healthcare providers, enhancing care coordination. This leads to improved patient outcomes, particularly in managing chronic conditions like hypertension and heart failure, where early intervention is key to preventing complications. Additionally, telehealth solutions reduce the need for frequent in-person visits, cutting healthcare costs and making care more convenient and accessible for patients in remote or underserved areas. As telehealth and wearable technologies continue to advance, they hold the potential to further transform cardiovascular care, contributing to more efficient healthcare delivery and better management of cardiovascular risk factors.

Stratospheric aerosols and C6H6 in Jupiter’s south polar region from JWST/MIRI observations

Context. The polar atmosphere of Jupiter is significantly affected by auroral activity, which can induce both thermal and chemical differences compared to the rest of the atmosphere. In particular, auroral activity enhances the production of various hydrocarbons, including benzene. Benzene could be a potential precursor to the formation of the stratospheric hazes. Aims. We investigated the spatial distribution of the benzene abundance across latitudes ranging from 50°S to 81°S and 17°S to 25°S. Additionally, we examined the chemical origin of polar aerosols and their latitudinal distribution. Methods. We employed James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) observations to measure the benzene abundance based on its emission at 674 cm−1. Additionally, we examined the spectral dependence of the aerosol opacity within the 680–760 and 1380–1500 cm−1 spectral ranges, and mapped their distribution from 80°S–50°S. Results. At latitudes lower than 60°S, benzene is found to be up to ten times more abundant compared to lower latitudes. This enhancement of C6H6 is well mixed longitudinally and not particularly concentrated inside the auroral oval. Photochemical models predict a decrease in the abundance as we approach the mid latitudes, but fail at polar latitudes as they do not include ion-neutral chemistry. Moreover, we find that the southern polar atmosphere is enriched with aerosols at ~10 mbar. The optical depth of the aerosols increases at latitudes poleward of ~60°S, similar to the enhancement of C6H6. These aerosols have spectral features similar to the aerosols of Titan and Saturn, and the mass loading is of ~1.2 ± 0.2 × 10−4 g cm−2. Finally, we quantified the impact of these aerosols on the retrieved temperature structure, causing a decrease in the temperature at pressure levels deeper than 10 mbar. Conclusions. We find that the auroral precipitation produces abundant stratospheric aerosols, which must play an important role in the chemistry and dynamics of the planet.

Initial blood pressure and adverse cardiac events following acute ischaemic stroke: An individual patient data pooled analysis from the VISTA database.

Adverse cardiac events following ischaemic stroke (stroke-heart syndrome, SHS) pose a clinical challenge. We investigated the association between initial blood pressure at stroke presentation and the risk of SHS. We utilised data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA). We defined SHS as the incidence of cardiac complications within 30 days post-ischaemic stroke. These presentations included acute coronary syndrome encompassing myocardial injury, heart failure/left ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation/flutter, other arrhythmia/electrocardiogram abnormalities, and cardiorespiratory arrest. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we assessed the risk trajectories for developing SHS and its presentations associated with initial blood pressure. We also explored the risk trajectories for 90-day mortality related to initial blood pressure. From 16,095 patients with acute ischaemic stroke, 14,965 (mean age 69 ± 12 years; 55% male) were analysed. Of these, 1774 (11.8%) developed SHS. The risk of SHS and initial blood pressure showed a U-shaped relationship. The lowest blood pressures (⩽130 mmHg systolic and ⩽55 mmHg diastolic) were associated with the highest risks (adjusted hazard ratio [95%confidence interval]: 1.40 [1.21-1.63]; p < 0.001, 1.71 [1.39-2.10]; p < 0.001, respectively, compared to referential blood pressure range).Cardiorespiratory arrest posed the greatest risk at higher blood pressure levels (2.34 [1.16-4.73]; p = 0.017 for systolic blood pressure >190 mmHg), whereas other presentations exhibited the highest risk at lower pressures. The 90-day mortality risk also followed a U-shaped distribution, with greater risks observed at high blood pressure thresholds. There is a U-shaped relationship between initial blood pressure at ischaemic stroke presentation and the risk of subsequent SHS.

Local delivery of soluble fractalkine (CX3CL1) peptide restores ribbon synapses after noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy.

Cochlear ribbon synapses between sensory inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are vulnerable to rapid and primary damage and/or loss due to noise overexposure. Such damaged ribbon synapses can repair spontaneously in mouse and guinea pig. However, the mechanisms for synaptic repair are unclear. Previously, we have demonstrated a critical role for the fractalkine signaling axis (CX3CL1-CX3CR1) in synaptic repair, wherein noise-damaged ribbon synapses are spontaneously repaired in the presence of fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) expressed by cochlear macrophages. Here, we examined whether local administration of chemokine fractalkine ligand (CX3CL1 or FKN) in the form of a peptide is effective in restoring synapses and hearing loss after noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy (NICS). Specifically, the efficacy of different isoforms of FKN was evaluated for restoration of loss of IHC ribbon synapses and hearing after NICS. A single transtympanic injection of soluble isoform of FKN (sFKN) peptide at 1 day after synaptopathic noise trauma for 2 hours at 93 decibel sound pressure level led to significant recovery of auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds, ABR peak I amplitudes and ribbon synapses in FKN knockout mice when compared to mice injected with membrane-bound FKN peptide (mFKN). Likewise, local treatment with sFKN peptide in FKN wild type mice restored synaptopathic noise-damaged ribbon synapses and ABR peak I amplitudes. Mechanistically, FKN regulates macrophage numbers in the damaged cochlea and in the absence of macrophages, sFKN failed to restore loss of synapses and hearing after NICS. Furthermore, sFKN treatment attenuated cochlear inflammation after NICS without altering the expression of CX3CR1. Finally, injected sFKN peptide was detectable inside the cochlea for 24 h localized to the basilar membrane and spiral lamina near the sensory epithelium. These data provide a proof-of-principle that local delivery of an immune factor, sFKN is effective in restoring ribbon synapses and hearing loss after NICS in a macrophage-dependent manner and highlights the potential of sFKN as an immunotherapy for cochlear synaptopathy due to noise.

Assessment of Knowledge About High Blood Pressure Among Syrians

Hypertension, often referred to the silent killer, is a prevalent health issue that impacts more than a billion individuals worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the understanding of hypertension among Syrian individuals. 104 individuals filled out surveys. Females made up 64.4% of the group that was surveyed. 28.8% of the participants in the study were between the ages of 46 and 60. More than half of the participants had a study or a work related to the medicinal field. The participants showed good medication adherence where the score of accurate responses to the questions regarding medication compliance was very high. Most participants were familiar with the normal values of blood pressure levels and were optimistic about the possibility of treating the condition. A good percentage of individuals surveyed stated that smoking and obesity are contributing factors to developing high blood pressure. Most participants believed that consuming fatty foods raises plasma cholesterol levels. Participants had a good overall understanding of high blood pressure. However, they still need improvement in medical information about high blood pressure to enhance compliance with treatments.

Identification of conditions for ultrasonic effect on gas-dispersed medium and creation of radiators to increase the efficiency of coagulation in devices with swirling flow

Relevance. The presence and uncontrolled distribution of aerosols of various substances in the air, which have a negative impact on humans, flora and fauna. This problem is especially acute in the extraction, processing and combustion of georesources. The most effective way to solve the problem is the use of high-intensity ultrasonic vibrations, the effect of which on aerosols causes convergence and agglomeration of small particles into large ones. However, at low concentrations, the particle coagulation efficiency is not sufficient to increase the recovery rate of gas treatment equipment. Therefore, there is a need to find new ways to optimize ultrasonic equipment for coagulation of fine particles in order to increase its efficiency. Aim. To determine the optimal conditions for ultrasonic influence on a swirling gas-dispersed flow, ensuring maximum efficiency of agglomeration of highly dispersed particles. Carrying out comparative studies of coagulation of particles when exposed to ultrasonic fields generated by different types of radiators and their combined effects will make it possible to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonic coagulation and the optimal design scheme of ultrasonic exposure. Objects. Coagulation of particles under ultrasonic impact, formed by various types of radiators. Methods. Computer modeling of the generated ultrasonic field using the finite element method using harmonic acoustic analysis. Finite element modeling and design of disk radiators using modal analysis. To determine the characteristics of the aerosol, a Malvern Spraytec Particle Analyzer was used. Results. The results of calculations and experiments have shown that the use of an extended ultrasonic tubular radiator operating on a bending-diametric mode of vibration and forming a ring standing wave with a sound pressure level of 162–165 dB as the main source of ultrasonic impact for devices with swirling flows may be the most energy efficient. Further increase in the efficiency of coagulation can only be achieved by the combined action of a tubular radiator and a longitudinally oscillating radiator. This significantly modifies the field structure and provides not only an increase in the sound pressure level (up to 167 dB), but also in the number of formed nodal surfaces (up to 44).

The Effect of Mindfulness and Spiritual Combination Breathing Exercises towards Anxiety, Depression and Blood Pressure of Ischemic Stroke Patients

Background: Ischemic stroke causes serious ongoing problems in the lives of sufferers, including biological, psychological and spiritual changes so that comprehensive and multidisciplinary nursing care is necessary. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of Mindfulness and Spiritual Combination Breathing Exercises towards anxiety, depression and blood pressure of ischemic stroke patients. Methods: This research is a quantitative research that uses a quasy experimental research design with a pretest - posttest control group design approach. The population of all ischemic stroke patients at RSAU dr. M.Munir Lanud Abdulrachman Saleh Malang as many as 108 people. The sample size is 50 respondents. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The intervention group was given a combination of Mindfulness and SpiritualityBreathing Exerciseswithin 10-15 minutes 2 times a day for 5 days and the control group was given intervention according to hospital standards. Analysis used the Manova test with a significant p value &lt;0.05. Results: The results of the study using the Manova test showed that there was a significant effect between anxiety, depression and blood pressure after giving the Combination of Spiritual Mindfulness and Breathing Exercise sshowed that p value = 0.000, with the highest partial Eta Squared value of 0.643 anxiety followed by 0.579 depression and 0.263 blood pressure. Conclusion: A combination of Spiritual Mindfulness and Breathing Exercises effectively reduce the level of anxiety, depression and blood pressure of ischemic stroke patients.

Hybrid-driven MRF seismic inversion for gas sand identification: A case study in the Yinggehai Basin

The Yinggehai Basin displays anomalies characterized by heightened levels of temperature and pressure. It represents a depositional model of a submarine fan with gravity-driven flow, demonstrating significant lateral reservoir heterogeneity and intricate spatial distribution of the gas reservoir. Identifying gas formations using elastic parameters as indicators relies on stable seismic inversion results. This requires regularization to alleviate ill-posedness in the inverse problem and to construct model features of the subsurface medium. Markov Random Field (MRF)is an effective soft-constrained regularization method. It enhances the marginal features of inversion results by penalizing the objective function with the gradient of neighborhood points. However, the standard MRF method relies only on the parameter model-driven and has poor applicability in areas with strong lateral inhomogeneity or complex depositional processes. In this research paper, we propose a novel approach to seismic inversion that integrates MRF neighborhood drive and incorporates both seismic data and a parametric model. Multi-order MRF neighborhoods are constructed by using seismic data in the horizontal direction (including horizontal diagonal) and parametric model data in the vertical direction (including vertical diagonal). The model-driven results are also utilized to couple seismic data and improve the stability of the hybrid-driven MRF inversion. In addition, we select the P-impedance as the parameter for inversion due to its heightened sensitivity towards gas formation within the study region. Consequently, we utilize the inversion results to delineate the presence of sandstone in the target layer and discern any indications of gas formation. The implementation of this method in the field has demonstrated its capability to enhance the stability of inversion outcomes, effectively integrating the lateral consistency of seismic data with the vertical precision of parametric model data. This approach significantly improves reservoir heterogeneity characterization and enhances accuracy in identifying sandstone and gas.

Exploration of micro-miniature venturi pump for continuous glucose monitoring through interstitial fluid (ISF) extraction

Interstitial Fluid (ISF) is a naturally occurring body fluid that surrounds cells and tissues and contains certain markers useful for continuously monitoring glucose levels in the blood without constantly extracting it. Miniaturizing can reduce its cost and timescale. In this study, for continuous glucose monitoring the numerical analysis of a Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based Micro-miniature venturi pump was carried out to extract Interstitial Fluid (ISF). The numerical study was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics software by employing the k-ε turbulence model to obtain output as a vacuum at the throat of the pump. The micro-miniature venturi pump was numerically analyzed for several key parameters, including the dimensions of the throat, the convergent angle, and the divergent angle. This study obtained a minimum pressure of 49.41 kPa numerically and 70 kPa experimentally when an input pressure of 252 kPa of compressed air was given to the system. Further influence of turbulence kinetic energy and turbulence dissipation rate on throat pressure output have been notified. Notably, the pressure output reaches its minimum value of 49.41 kPa when the turbulent kinetic energy and the turbulent dissipation rate reach maximum values of 5.0 × 109 m2/s3 and 7000 m2/s2 respectively. As per the previous research findings, for continuous glucose monitoring through ISF extraction, a pressure level of 95 kPa is deemed adequate hence the designed micro-miniature venturi pump is suitable for this application.

Comfort of Wrist-Worn Devices: Development of an Assessment Tool and Measurement of Comfort-Discomfort Pressure for Older and Younger Users

Wrist-worn devices hold significant potential for health monitoring, particularly for older people. However, the adoption and continuous usage of these devices are heavily affected by wearing comfort. Currently, there is still a lack of validated assessment tools specifically developed to evaluate the comfort of such devices. Additionally, while pressure is critical for both proper device placement and maintaining comfort, quantitative references for suitbale pressure levels are scarce. Moreover, the impact of age difference on comfort perceptions have been largely overlooked. To address these gaps, we conducted two experiments involving 18 older and 18 younger participants. In Experiment 1, we gathered comfort evaluations from participants while wearing the devices in both home/office and exercise scenarios. In Experiment 2, we focused on pressure, measuring the pressure on participants’ wrists under three strap material conditions and collecting their corresponding comfort evaluations. The results established three dimensions of comfort: movement comfort, thermophysiological comfort, and contact comfort, with their relative importance varying by age and use scenario. Also, we identified comfort-discomfort pressure ranges for both age groups, highlighting the influence of strap material and age on comfort perceptions. These findings offer valuable design guidance for manufacturers and enhance understanding of wrist-mounted device comfort.

Effect of nebivolol monotherapy or combination therapy on blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension: an updated systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of 91 randomized controlled trials.

To systematically appraise and summarize the available evidence from published randomized controlled trials considering the effect of nebivolol on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Literature search was performed through Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library and Scopus until December 15, 2023. Double-independent study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Evidence was pooled with three-level mixed-effects meta-analysis. In total, 7,737 participants with hypertension, who were treated with nebivolol, were analyzed across 91 RCTs. Nebivolol was associated with significantly greater reduction in office systolic and diastolic BP compared to placebo (MD = - 6.01 mmHg; 95% CI = [- 7.46, - 4.55] and MD = - 5.01 mmHg; 95% CI = [- 5.91, - 4.11], respectively). Moreover, resulted a similar reduction in systolic BP (MD = - 0.22 mmHg; 95% CI = [- 0.91, 0.46]) and a significantly greater reduction in diastolic BP compared to the active comparator (MD = - 0.71 mmHg; 95% CI = [- 1.27, - 0.16]). When considering the effect of nebivolol on 24-hour ambulatory BP, notable reductions were observed compared to placebo. In contrast, compared to the active comparators, there was no significant difference in systolic BP reduction, but a significant reduction in diastolic BP favoring nebivolol. Based on moderator analyses, the impact of nebivolol on the pooled estimates remained independent of the dose of nebivolol, age, male sex, trial duration, body mass index (BMI), baseline diabetes, heart failure, and baseline systolic and diastolic BP. Nebivolol, compared to placebo, showed a significant BP reduction and was non-inferior to other active comparators in terms of BP reduction.

Bluetooth Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) Technology: Principles, Integration, Applications, and Performance Evaluation

Thanks to the development of wireless audio transmission technology, Bluetooth technology made it possible to give users a seamless and convenient connection experience. However, in a noisy environment, preserving the audio quality is still difficult, which motivated people to explore the technology of Active Noise Cancellation (ANC). This paper aims to analyze integration of ANC technology and the potential of Bluetooth audio transmitting to improve the audio effect, especially in application scenarios where clear audio is required. At the beginning of this paper, how Bluetooth and ANC are evolved is reviewed for the preparatory works. Then, the technology mechanism of the ANC and the advantages in particular application scenarios such as Industrial automation and autonomous vehicles are described in detail. In addition, this paper give experimental data to illustrate that the ANC systems is effective in reducing ambient noise. The central technology of ANC system is using a microphone to detect environmental noise information and then creates a sound wave phase-inverted to the original noise to cancel. Furthermore, by connecting artificial intelligence technique, the ANC system dynamically fits from different acoustic environment to improve the audio quality. Finally, the experimental results that are quoted reveal that the advanced ANC system can reduce the noise level in a wide range of environments, cutting down the sound pressure level to 65 dB. It is clearly demonstrated that the ANC technology is widely applicable and effective to enhance the audio experience.

VIDA UNIVERSITÁRIA E SAÚDE MENTAL: FORMAS DE ATENÇÃO E PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE MENTAL DOS ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA NO AMBIENTE ACADÊMICO

The transition period that young people face when they enter higher education is extremely important, as the start of academic life is marked by major challenges that involve changes, often extreme in the student’s life, such as leaving home, distance from family and the great demands that higher education imposes. This level of pressure can be a contributing factor to the development of mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and even suicidal ideation. It is important to emphasize that the university plays an important role in this transition, in welcoming and guiding these young people, both to prevent these conditions and to promote the mental health and well-being of medical students who are facing any of these disorders. This study showed that the implementation of promotion programs such as psychological and psycho-pedagogical support, the development of stress coping skills and mental health conversation circles are promising initiatives for improving these conditions and facilitating self-knowledge and self-care during the university journey.

Expanding access to non-communicable disease screening in war-affected communities in Ukraine

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 91% of premature deaths in Ukraine. However, NCD screening lags among young people and across the entire population. The ongoing war has exacerbated barriers to NCD screening due to damaged infrastructure, understaffed medical facilities, and health system deterioration. Intervention/response To improve screening, diagnosis, and care, in March 2023 the PATH-led, USAID-funded Support TB Control Efforts in Ukraine (STBCEU) project established community level health access points (HAPs) in five conflict-affected communities. STBCEU procured screening tools (tannometers, glucometers, portable ECGs) for common NCDs, printed informational materials, trained 143 specialists, designed a reporting system, and facilitated monitoring visits to 77 HAPs. Results By the end of 2023, the project equipped 113 HAPs in the five communities, and 102 of them initiated NCD screening. From January-March 2024, 1,694 people under 40 years old were screened for NCDs. Among 1,488 blood pressure measurements, 143 cases had high readings (9.6 ±1.5%), 90 (62.9%) of which were first-time diagnoses, and 53 (37.1%) treatment monitoring. Glucose levels were measured 809 times, with elevated levels in 44 cases (5.4 ±1.5%), 30 (68.2%) of which were first-time diagnoses, and 14 (31.8%) treatment monitoring. Additionally, 1,144 mental health consultations were provided. Conclusions This initiative represented a first in Ukraine: per national requirements, young people have not historically been screened for NCDs. Expanding NCD screening in war-affected communities has demonstrated substantial early success, with significant detection of high blood pressure and elevated glucose levels among people under 40. This proactive, cost-effective intervention underscores the need for accessible, community-level health interventions in crisis settings and showcases a scalable model for integrating NCD screening into emergency health response frameworks. Key messages • The implementation of community-level NCD screening has shown early success in detecting high blood pressure and elevated glucose levels among people under 40. • Cost-effective NCD screening underscores the need for accessible, community health interventions, providing a scalable model for integrating NCD screening into emergency health response.

Exploring the efficacy of al-hijamah (wet cupping) in managing hypertension and dyslipidemia among indonesian population: a meta-analysis

Background: In Indonesia, wet cupping therapy has been thoroughly investigated as a treatment for hypertension and dyslipidemia. Nevertheless, the outcomes across these studies are contradictory. Objectives: To appraise the effectiveness of wet cupping therapy in the management of hypertension and dyslipidemia among the Indonesian population. Methods: We examined papers sourced from Google Scholar, the Indonesian Scientific Journal Database, and Garba Rujukan Digital until September 5, 2020. These papers investigated blood pressure and lipid profile levels both pre- and post-wet cupping treatment. The collective data underwent Z-test analysis to assess associations. Results: In total, we included 26 papers examining the correlation between wet cupping therapy and blood pressure, as well as 16 papers assessing lipid profile levels. Our combined analysis revealed significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (MD: 13.86; 95% CI: 10.01, 17.71), diastolic blood pressure (MD: 6.31; 95% CI: 3.84, 8.79), and lower total cholesterol levels (MD: 21.56; 95% CI: 10.32, 32.80]) in the post-treatment group compared to the pre-treatment group. However, we were unable to elucidate the impact of wet cupping therapy on the concentrations of low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride. Conclusions: Wet cupping therapy exhibits potential efficacy in reducing blood pressure and total cholesterol levels among individuals in Indonesia. Keyword: blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hypertension, lipid profile, wet cupping therapy