Pressure Changes In Patients Research Articles

Cycling, a manometric phenomenon due to repetitive episodes of gastroesophageal reflux and clearance

We studied intraesophageal pressure changes in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and an abnormal 24-hr pH monitoring record (N = 52). Our method was simultaneous esophageal manometry and pH monitoring. We observed a three-component esophageal manometric sequence (EMS). When this sequence recurred over and over, we termed this phenomenon "cycling." We found cycling in 35% of the patients (18/52). Those with cycling had lower basal LES pressures, more acid exposure, and an increased incidence of endoscopic esophagitis. That cycling resulted from repeated reflux events and their esophageal clearance was documented by scintigraphy during simultaneous manometry and pH monitoring (N = 7 patients). Cycling was found on the routine esophageal manometry record of 25% of symptomatic patients (N = 112) with an abnormal 24-hr pH score. In conclusion, cycling represents an esophageal manometric phenomenon due to repetitive reflux events. Its recognition during esophageal manometry may denote a severe reflux diathesis.

ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES AND BLOOD PRESSURE

Relation between use of oral contraceptives and blood pressure was examined in 1,575 white working females aged 15 to 44 years. Of these, 31.5% were using oral contraceptives when their blood pressure was measured. Covariance analysis revealed slightly higher and statistically significant mean systolic and diastolic pressures in women using oral contraceptives, after correction for age, height, weight, and arm circumference. A sample of this population one year later, showed little tendency for blood pressure to be affected by oral contraceptives, except for a slight but significant fall in diastolic pressures among women who did not use these drugs. These data are in part reassuring since little or no effect was observed in a population studied over a short period of time. The physician should carefully observe blood pressure changes in patients receiving this medication.

Oral Contraceptives and Blood Pressure

Relation between use of oral contraceptives and blood pressure was examined in 1,575 white working females aged 15 to 44 years. Of these, 31.5% were using oral contraceptives when their blood pressure was measured. Covariance analysis revealed slightly higher and statistically significant mean systolic and diastolic pressures in women using oral contraceptives, after correction for age, height, weight, and arm circumference. A sample of this population one year later, showed little tendency for blood pressure to be affected by oral contraceptives, except for a slight but significant fall in diastolic pressures among women who did not use these drugs. These data are in part reassuring since little or no effect was observed in a population studied over a short period of time. The physician should carefully observe blood pressure changes in patients receiving this medication.

Oral contraceptives and blood pressure

Relation between use of oral contraceptives and blood pressure was examined in 1,575 white working females aged 15 to 44 years. Of these, 31.5% were using oral contraceptives when their blood pressure was measured. Covariance analysis revealed slightly higher and statistically significant mean systolic and diastolic pressures in women using oral contraceptives, after correction for age, height, weight, and arm circumference. A sample of this population one year later, showed little tendency for blood pressure to be affected by oral contraceptives, except for a slight but significant fall in diastolic pressures among women who did not use these drugs. These data are in part reassuring since little or no effect was observed in a population studied over a short period of time. The physician should carefully observe blood pressure changes in patients receiving this medication.