Presidential Speeches Research Articles

The influence of audience on the topics discussed by King Abdullah II of Jordan: a corpus-assisted discourse study

ABSTRACT Presidential speeches are among the best ways to demonstrate heads of state’s competence in dealing publically with domestic as well as foreign issues, and thus contribute to their political survival. This study uses a new one-million-word parallel corpus of Arabic and English to investigate the political topics that King Abdullah II of Jordan discusses when using the Arabic language to address Jordanian or Arab audiences and when using the English language to address Western/international audiences. The corpus covers the period from 1999 to 2015. Using Wordsmith 7 and examining the most frequent 25 Arabic and English words, we found that King Abdullah tends to discuss particular issues on all occasions, locally, nationally, and globally. These include Arab and regional matters as well as the peace process in the Middle East. It is also found that local themes that are mainly associated with Jordan, its political system, and economic and social challenges were more frequent in the Arabic corpus when compared to its English counterpart. However, Jordan’s involvement in some issues in the Middle East, especially in Palestine and Iraq, was more important in the English texts. The study concludes that parallel corpora can be a rich resource for discourse studies.

‘God Protects Us’: Nationalism versus Religious representation in the US and Indonesian Presidential Speeches

Presidential speech may reflect the cultural identity of the nation. This corpus-based research investigates the religiosity reflection in the U.S and Indonesian presidential speeches to reveal the underlying values. It built the corpus from the US presidential speeches (321,508 words) and the Indonesia presidential speeches (93,419 words) It applies Wordsmith 4.0 for the data mining. The findings show that both presidents used religious-related words, particularly ‘god’. The US president has used ‘god’ in fixed expressions ‘God bless you all’ and ‘May God protect our troops’, while the Indonesian president uses the word ‘god’ including its synonym in Arabic ‘Alloh’ in a wider variety of expressions such as ‘May god bless us all’, ‘May God protect us’, ‘the almighty God’, and ‘God’s help’ and ‘Bismillah’ (by the name of God), ‘Alhamdulillah’ (Praise be to Alloh), and ‘Insyaalloh’ (God willing). However, the use of ‘god’ in presidential speeches has different underlying values: the American president demonstrates strong nationalism, while the Indonesian president shows the strong religious side of the Indonesian people. The research concludes that the US president expresses religiosity in a more implicit manner, being in line with the self-reliant attitude of American society. On the contrary, the Indonesian president expresses religiosity in a very explicit manner, reflecting a god-dependent attitude in Indonesian society.

A Study on the Central Value of Domestic and Foreign Policy Through the Analysis of Brazilian President Lula’s Presidential Speech (2003-2010)

A Study on the Central Value of Domestic and Foreign Policy Through the Analysis of Brazilian President Lula’s Presidential Speech (2003-2010)

A Generic Structure Analysis of Nigerian Presidential Inauguration Speeches from 1999 to 2015

The article focuses on a generic structure analysis of Nigerian presidential inauguration speeches from 1999 to 2015. The data for the study comprised five (5) Nigerian presidential inauguration speeches that have been delivered from May 29, 1999 to May 29, 2015. The selected Nigerian inauguration presidential speeches were subjected to Halliday and Hasan's Generic Structure Potential Theory and ten (10) discourse elements were identified. Out of the ten (10) discourse elements, eight (8) obligatory elements were identified: Title (T), Opening Acts (OA), Protocol (P), Recognition of Predecessors (RoP), Manifesto (M), Call for Support (CfS), Closing Acts (CA), and Customary Declaration (CD). Two (2) optional elements were identified: Theme (TH) and Acknowledgement of God (AoG). The GSP for Nigerian presidential inauguration speeches from 1999 to 2015 yielded: [T.(TH)]^[(AoG)^OA]^{P^RoP^}^{M}^[CfS^CA^CD].

Which Amazon problem? Problem-constructions and transnationalism in Brazilian presidential discourse since 1985

ABSTRACT The Amazon is a complex object of policy that comprises environmental, economic, social, and sovereignty concerns. Despite this complexity, governments are often portrayed as having a single understanding of the region as a political problem. In this article, we investigate how the Amazon has been constructed as a problem in 6240 Brazilian presidential speeches since 1985 using supervised machine learning. Conceptually, we develop a framework that accounts for how important transnational actors, such as presidents, construct objects of policy as particular problems depending on where and when they participate in politics. Empirically, we find that presidents often construct the Amazon as an environmental problem when speaking far away from the region, whereas they usually construct it as problems of economic integration or social development when speaking within in the Amazon. Furthermore, presidents increasingly mix problem-constructions to represent the Amazon as a complex and multifaceted object of policy.

Valeska Bopp-Filimonov and Martin Jung, eds. Kaleidoskop Rumänien. Einblicke in die aktuelle Vielfalt des interdisziplinären Faches Rumänistik

Valeska Bopp-Filimonov and Martin Jung, eds. <i>Kaleidoskop Rumänien. Einblicke in die aktuelle Vielfalt des interdisziplinären Faches Rumänistik</i>

COVID-19 and the law in Uganda: a case study on development and application of the public health act from 2020 to 2021

BackgroundDespite the discovery of vaccines, the control, and prevention of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). This article describes the development and application of the Public Health Act to implement NPIs for COVID-19 pandemic control in Uganda.MethodsThis is a case study of Uganda’s experience with enacting COVID-19 Rules under the Public Health Act Cap. 281. The study assessed how and what Rules were developed, their influence on the outbreak progress, and litigation. The data sources reviewed were applicable laws and policies, Presidential speeches, Cabinet resolutions, statutory instruments, COVID-19 situation reports, and the registry of court cases that contributed to a triangulated analysis.ResultsUganda applied four COVID-19 broad Rules for the period March 2020 to October 2021. The Minister of Health enacted the Rules, which response teams, enforcement agencies, and the general population followed. The Presidential speeches, their expiry period and progress of the pandemic curve led to amendment of the Rules twenty one (21) times. The Uganda Peoples Defense Forces Act No. 7 of 2005, the Public Finance Management Act No. 3 of 2015, and the National Policy for Disaster Preparedness and Management supplemented the enacted COVID-19 Rules. However, these Rules attracted specific litigation due to perceived infringement on certain human rights provisions.ConclusionsCountries can enact supportive legislation within the course of an outbreak. The balance of enforcing public health interventions and human rights infringements is an important consideration in future. We recommend public sensitization about legislative provisions and reforms to guide public health responses in future outbreaks or pandemics.

Interest in upgrading shadow zones in new investment law of algeria 22-18

The algerian legislator gave a new name to shadow zones, and defined them as regions system, specifying modalities and incentives to invest in them, and approved it in investment law 18-22 after that republic president has been at origin of national efforts to develop them since 2020. The study focused on centrality of shadow zones in the law, and concluded results it motivated investors to orient towards it, like rest of main sectors, and presented a proposals set after having responded to a problem relating to shadow zones development methods by aforementioned law. The study importance lies in its theoretical link between what has been said in president's speeches since 2020 and what has been said in law 18-22.&#x0D; Key words: investment law, shadow zones.

A Stylistic Analysis of President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo’s Update on Ghana’s Enhanced Response to Covid-19 Pandemic

This paper analyzes President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo’s speech update on Ghana’s enhanced response to Covid-19 pandemic through a stylistic framework. The paper adopts a qualitative method with the aim of finding out the linguistic features ingrained in the speaker’s speech and its effect on the speech to the audience. The study reveals that the selected speech embodies a bevy of (these) linguistic elements: Graphology, syntactic features (multiple sentence, complex sentence, compound sentence), phrases, pronouns, modal verbs, coordinating conjunction and literary devices - repetition, parallel structures and simile. Consequently, the study reveals that the linguistic tools launched in the speaker’s speech help him to carry out his intention to the audience; and as well enables him to win a score of admiration from the audience during the era of COVID-19. The findings of this study have implication on formal stylistics. Thus, it contributes to knowledge on stylistic analysis of presidential speeches in Ghana and by extension, Africa. Keywords: Covid-19, language, speech, Stylistics. DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/97-01 Publication date: March 31 st 2023

DO PRESIDENTIAL SPEECHES MATTER DURING UNCERTAINTIES? EVIDENCE FROM THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Purpose –– This study contributes to the fight and management of the deadly COVID-19 pandemic by investigating the association between knowledge sharing through intermittent Presidential speeches and COVID-19 active cases and deaths in Ghana. Methods –– The study relied on seemingly real-time quantitative time series secondary data and the ordinary least squares (OLS) regression method with robust standard errors for the estimation of the model. Findings –– The results show evidence of a negative and statistically significant relationship between pre- and post-presidential COVID-19 speeches, and the number of COVID-19 active cases and deaths. Conclusion &amp; Recommendation –– Timely and periodic presidential speeches can be adopted as one of the management measures adopted to inform and educate citizens in the fight against the pandemic. Keywords –– Presidential Address, Presidential Speech, COVID-19, Cases, Deaths, Ghana.

A Corpus-based Study on the Translation Strategies of Metaphors in President Xi's New Year's Speeches – A Case Study of New Year's Speeches from 2017 to 2022

The president's Speech for a New Year includes both the summary of the past year and the outlook for the coming year, which plays an important role in expressing good wishes and displaying the national image. Various types of metaphorical expressions frequently appear in President Xi's New Year's Speech. This paper selects the New Year's Speeches from 2017 to 2022 and builds a bilingual parallel corpus to explore the translation methods of metaphors in them. This study found that there are 4 main translation methods in them, which are literal translation for remaining metaphors, free translation to adjust metaphors, addition of similes or metaphors, and omission to delete metaphors. On this basis, this study proposed that different translation strategies should be adopted from the aspects of text type, cultural context, language characteristics, and readers' acceptance to maximize the effectiveness of the source text, so as to avoid cultural default and misreading. Keywords: New Year's speeches, metaphor, C-E translation strategy, Corpus-

Genres in the Public Domain: Genre Uptakes, Responses, and Responsibility

This article analyzes a rhetorical genre ecology emerging in the aftermath of a natural disaster in Ghana. Drawing on news articles and opinion pieces, a presidential speech, a government post-disaster assessment summary, and a World Bank Group action report, I argue that in their operation within the contingent environment of public spheres, genre uptakes may be highly unpredictable, but also serve multiple, varied functions that together respond to the multiplicity of exigences presented by the diffused contexts of publics. The analysis explains how diffused contexts of genre interaction shape social action, and how these interactions, in turn, enact publics.

Forecasting sovereign risk in the Euro area via machine learning

AbstractWe test the usefulness of machine learning (ML) for the valuation and pricing of sovereign risk in the Euro area along two important dimensions: i) its predictive accuracy compared with traditional econometric methods, and ii) its assessment of the main economic factors underlying market perceptions of sovereign risk.We find that ML techniques can capture the dynamics inherent in the market valuation of country risk far more efficiently than traditional econometric models, both in the cross‐section and in the time series. Moreover, we show that public sentiment about financial news, redenomination fears and the degree of hawkishness/dovishness expressed in the ECB president's speeches are major contributors to sovereign bond spreads. We also confirm that macroeconomic and global financial factors affect sovereign risk assessment and the corresponding formation of sovereign spreads.

A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF VLADIMIR PUTIN’S SPEECH ANNOUNCING ‘SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION’ IN UKRAINE

In the last years, politics become globally the main activity in life of human beings in order to discuss and negotiate different crises such as the relations between countries, heath crisis, the crisis of the water sources, the diplomatic relations, war announcements and so on by manipulating language which has different types and aims. There many studies which are focused on the political speeches of different presidents and politicians and these studies adopt different theories and models in order to show their ideologies, power, plans and different characteristics. So this study tries to analyse the speech of president Vladimir Putin concerning the crises of Ukraine.It tries to analyse his speech by adopting Van Dijk (1999, 1995, 2004 , 2006) discursive strategies. This study aims to find how Putin manipulated and used these strategies in his speech concerning the crisis in Ukraine.Vladimir Putin is a president of Russia and his country has tense relations with Ukraine from United States of America (USA) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) been strategically planning to extend their territories along the borders between Ukraine and Russia. He tried to state the facts and tell the international community, the citizens of Russia and Ukraine, UAS, and NATO' countries about the lies of the United States. The current study is concerned with the political discourse of President Vladimir Putin concerning the crises of the war with Ukraine.It investigates the structures and the discursive strategies that reveal some aspects of Putin′s political attitudes and ideologies This study is done in three categories which are as follows: the category of meaning, the category of argumentation and the category of rhetoric.

Mental Process Found in Donald Trumph’s Speech on Covid 19: Systemic Functional Linguistic Approach

This research deals with mental process were found in Donald Trumph’s speech. Mental process was used to express people’s feeling, thinking, perceiving shows other desire toward things in life. With these mental productions, humans can express their view, ideas, and a feeling to public through speech. As in Donald Trump’s speech on his presidential speech in addressing the outbreak of COVID-19 in his country. The language used in his speech determines the success of communication with the participant since language express speaker feeling, idea and desire. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The data were obtained from Donald Trumph’s speech and source of the data were the script of Donald Trump’s speech on March 11, 2020 about the coronavirus. The data were collected by documentary sheet. The data analysis used interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The findings show that 1) there were 39 utterances that contained of mental process were found in Donald Trumph’s speech, namely 17 (43.6%) for cognition, 11 (28.2%) for desiderative, 7 (17.9%) for affection, and 4 (10.3%) for perception. The highest type of mental process in Donald Trumph’s speech was cognition. It means that Trumph provided his insight to American people about the corona virus in order to make them to be calm in facing the outbreak. It reflected the way of he logically thinks.

Cognitive prosodies, displacements, and translation

Abstract This article introduces the cognitive prosodies model as a way to explain how some rhetorical features in persuasive texts differ across languages and rhetorical traditions, which may inform the process of translating highly rhetorical, persuasive texts. By drawing on a multidisciplinary framework grounded in comparative rhetoric, the semiotics of advertising, cognitive linguistics, and studies of rhetorical phenomena based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and event-related potential (ERP), it first describes persuasion as a textual process that weaves specific ‘static’ versus ‘dynamic’ rhetorical mechanisms. These activate varying cognitive efforts and speeds in semantic processing that differ between languages and textual genres. The second half of the article presents a corpus-based study of six English and Spanish presidential speeches on immigration – and their translations – by three consecutive Mexican and US presidents. Through the lens of the cognitive prosodies model, the analysis quantitatively and qualitatively scrutinizes how source and target texts behave and how the model can inform rhetorical awareness in translation practice.

A Pragmatic Study of the Use of Personal Pronouns in Joe Biden's Victory Speech

In fact, every word said by the politicians in their public speech cannot be chosen randomly. There are always different interpretations behind their choice of words.&#x0D; This paper is a pragmatic study that analyzes the use of personal pronouns by the politicians in general, and in Joe Biden’s, the president of the United States, victory speech after winning the presidential election, in particular. It tries to clarify the different purposes of the politicians, particularly Biden, behind their choice of the personal pronouns.&#x0D; In the introduction of this study, the researcher tries to present, define and clarify pragmatics and pronouns, with its types, more specifically the personal pronoun. Furthermore, the use of the personal pronouns in the political speech is explained followed by its pragmatic dimension. Then, some examples of the use of the personal pronoun, specifically I, we, you and they, in the American president's speech are presented and analyzed pragmatically. This study hypothesizes that any change of the use of personal pronouns by politicians change the connotation of that speech. The conclusion of this study proves this hypothesis.

MICRO TEXTUAL ANALYSIS ON FIRST PRESIDENTIAL SPEECHES IN U.S. PRESIDENT’S INAUGURAL ADDRESS

In an inauguration day, a president should deliver his first speech which often consists of essential matters for him to convey his vision, mission and strategies in leading the nation which are significant, vital and sometimes different from one president to others. In this paper, first presidential speeches performed by Barack Obama and Donald Trump in the U.S. President’s inaugural address are studied through micro textual analysis. This study results the difference and diverse characteristics found from analysing micro textual element, comprising stylistic, syntactic and semantic element employed by both presidents. It is expected that the study contributes theoretically to develop the use of micro textual structure on disclosing one’s ideology and practically improve the way people perceive one’s speech because it always has an idea which is rather delicate to understand.

Recontextualization practices: A scale of directness

I analyze Israel president Rivlin's 2020 speech delivered against the background of ongoing COVID-19 health threats and a severe political crisis, and its follow-ups in online news articles and in ordinary readers' comments on news sites and on Facebook. I examine the recontextualization practices used in this three-part discourse event, shedding light on their diversity and focusing on the degree of directness they manifest. Recontextualization is conceptualized as the strategic molding of situations and prior texts and their integration into another discourse through discursive practices. The analysis shows that the president recontextualizes the complex political and social crisis through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. He frames the pandemic in terms of its morbid, mythic, and moral dimensions, as well as its influence on various aspects of civil and political disorder. This connection is drawn through the juxtaposition of propositions and the shifts between the deliberative and the epidictic keyings, alluding to Jewish tradition, prayers, and blessings. Through the use of the inclusive “we,” he self-positions as a leader on a par with ordinary people, whereas through direct demands formulated in the plural without personal naming he addresses his ratified addressees, the MPs and the ministers, and thus self-positions as an authority demanding accountability from the current leadership. The news articles in leading online media are short and partial, recontextualizing the speech and the situation through their titles, the selection of the extracts they chose to present and the very few evaluations they make. They mostly take up the president's moral framing and some of his explicit demands for political accountability. The commenters mostly follow up on the moral framing and the mythic dimensions proposed by the president but offer a different perspective on these issues. They shift the responsibility for “losing the compass” from the collective “we” advocated by the president to the politicians including the president, and they ironically echo the epidictic keying in order to challenge and even ridicule it. They further add another dimension to the speech event, by framing the president's speech as politically biased. The discursive patterns used all along this thread of discourses by all its participants range in degree of directness and recontextualize the object of talk, perspectives, keying and positionings.

Polityka sektarianizmu w Syrii w okresie prezydentury Baszszara al-Asada

Contemporary Syrian politics is a paradox. On the one hand, the ruling Baath regime led by President Bashar al-Assad claims national unity and co-existence based on alleged secularism. On the other hand, the same regime foments existing sectarian strife for its benefit. Today’s Syria seems to be torn between two seemingly opposite realities – secularism and sectarianism. To solve this puzzle, the authors conducted the frame analysis of the presidential speeches since the eruption of conflict in 2011. They have proved that Assad has denied the facts, skilfully constructing desectarianisation discourse, while deepening the sectarian divisions. By doing so, he increases the legitimisation of his rule as well as chances for survival. The Syrian regime has entrenched the sectarian practices which it theoretically stands against. It is a unique case of de-sectarianisation as sectarianisation.