Preservation Of Natural Heritage Research Articles

Geotourism potentials of the National Park “Mali i Tomorrit”

Natural heritage includes objects, landscapes, ecosystems, special, rare, endemic, or endangered from extension habitats. This is the reason they are strictly preserved and protected, clearly and definitely stipulated in special laws. According to the classification of IUCN, six categories of protected areas exist in Albania, stipulated in Law No. 8906, date 06.06.2002 “On protected areas”. Based on the classification system, the National Park “Mali i Tomorrit” is declared as second category protected area, whereas the natural monuments within the park belong to the third category. The National Park “Mali iTomorrit” is situated east of the town Berat, Albania and northwest of towns of Çorovodë and Poliçan. The natural resources of the Tomorr Park include geological, geomorphological, tourist, flora and ecological values.This research examines the tourist riches of the National Park “Mali i Tomorrit”, which is composed of a large extent of high tourist level. There are hydro monuments in the park, such as the springs of Kerpica (Gramsh Municipality), Becke or Sotira Waterfall, whereas bio monuments are “Rrobull of Kulmake” and the Plane Tree of Lubeshe. Among the geo-monuments situated within the park, of special importance are the Cave of Kapinova, Pit Cave of Tomorr, Pit Cave of Uvlën (Well of Ramija), Pit Cave of Katafiq, Pit Cave of Kakruka, Pit Cave Prosek, Ice Circles of Tomorr, Moraine of Ujanik, Hole of Dragon, Cal of Kulmak, etc.The goal of this research is to investigate the attractive, marvelous peculiarities of the geo-monuments that are situated within the park, which create a pleasant and amusing environment, as if in a wonder world. An analysis of the park's diversity of riches is made, making it unique for the values it possesses.The research focuses also on the indiscriminate interventions for exploitation of the natural riches in this protected area. The bad tradition in the last twenty years has created problems related to exploitation of decorative stone, as well as forests and grazing land within the territory of the park.The research seeks to draw attention towards management and preservation of natural heritage in order to promote the potential of tourism. The resources used in this investigation include documentations, and consultations with specialists of the field and agency of the protected area in Berat, on site expeditions etc.

Settler Postcolonial Ecologies and Native Species Regeneration on Banks Peninsula, Aotearoa New Zealand

ABSTRACTThe 2050 Ecological Vision for Banks Peninsula, New Zealand is ‘to create an environment in which the community values, protects and cares for the biodiversity, landscape and special character of Banks Peninsula’. Its aspirational goals point to the peninsula conservation trust’s vision for success on the moral horizons of land and place. These horizons stretch visually from the volcanic crater ridgelines to the outer coastal bays and the sea beyond. Temporally they span 175 years of cultural encounters of peoples and biota, and reveal community-based strategies designed to support thriving biodiversity on land that has been used primarily for production. This article draws on the event, textual and interview data as well as fieldwork conducted in 2015 during the 175th anniversary of organised European settlement. Settler pasts and presents are negotiated in natural heritage preservation through the restoration of native flora and fauna in natural areas and protected connectivity corridors. A settler postcolonial ecology for these hill country lands is committed to the simultaneous conservation of biological and cultural diversity in which indigenous flora and fauna, landscapes and people, are irreversibly hybridised, and endemic species become constitutive of a postcolonial national identity in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Perception and preservation of national heritage in historically conditioned regions

The aim of the article is to present an author’s proposal to distinguish regions based on the analysis of historical borders (from the last 400 years, mainly the borders crossing Poland in the 19th and the 20th century) and to verify the hypothesis that those historical borders diversify our country in the sphere of perception and preservation of national heritage and in relation to the analysed social indicators. The study contains statistical data on the perception and preservation of national heritage generalised for the elaborated historically conditioned regions from the cyclic, multidimensional Social Cohesion Survey conducted by Statistics Poland in 2015. In addition, data on monuments of the National Heritage Board of Poland and population data based on National Official Register of the Territorial Division of the Country (TERYT) were also taken into account. The largest differences in relation to the country’s average values of the analysed indicators occurred in the western and northern territories of Poland, the Śląskie voivodship area in Poland before the World War II, as well as Galicia and the eastern part of Russian partition within the present borders of Poland — east of the Vistula, Narew and Pisa rivers.

PROTECTED NATURAL HERITAGE ON ROUTE FROM PHILOSOPHY TO ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING

In a society like this one, based on knowledge and computerization, constantly facing new challenges, high-quality academic education is a necessity for progress in all fields of activity, in order to achieve new standards of education and culture, civilization and knowledge . Compared with the developed societies, members of sustainable communities are more involved in environmental protection and are more interested in controlling phenomena that would harm the quality of the environment. The state also allocates larger funds in this sector, invests in clean technology and depollution, but especially in the preservation of natural heritage, which proves to be particularly important for the community. Through this paper, we want to show that research as an objective is a necessity for the economic development of society and as the main vector of the dissemination of information at the level of the university environment has an important place in the modern society, starting from the very basis of philosophy, to constantly seek and preserve the beauty, dynamics and nature's specificity.

ŚWIADOMOŚĆ UNORMOWANA. TOŻSAMOŚĆ NARODOWA I TOŻSAMOŚĆ EUROPEJSKA JAKO PRZEDMIOT PRAWA UE

Standardized Awareness. National and European Identity as a Matter of the European Union LawSummarySince the very beginning of the European integration process, the national identity has constituted a problematic issue for the integration as such. The main question was, whether the national identity is an opportunity or an obstacle to the European Union. The national identity constitutes collective awareness – comprising such elements as “material culture” (history, literature, arts, music, folklore), language, spiritual culture (customs, public morality, religion) and legal culture.Initially, the European Union welcomed these distinguished characteristics. The European Union founders believed that for its durability the community needs not only an open economic area but also social diversity. Hence, the Maastricht Treaty establishing the European Union includes an article guaranteeing the national identity of the European Union member states. The obligation to respect the national identity is associated with instruments that are left to the disposal of the member states. In this respect, two groups of treaty provisions are to be distinguished. Some of the existing treaty provisions require that the European Community operate to preserve the national identity (to stimulate, to support and to supplement the member states activities in the field of propagation of culture and history, preservation of national heritage and in non-commercial exchange of literary and art works). Other treaty provisions block Brussels’ (the European Union’s organs) actions against those member states which for the purpose of preserving national identity, infringe the regulations of the European Community.In the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997, its authors introduced a system reconstruction of the ideological foundations of the European Union. Although the national identity has not been replaced with the supranational identity, the new axiological fundament of the united Europe was defined. It should be stressed that the Amsterdam Treaty created so called “European identity” existing parallel to the national identity One of the treaty goals is to transform the national-particularistic way of thinking about the European Union citizens into the “European awareness”. The European Union is obliged not only to support the State Parties’ culture but also to display all of the axiological elements that are common for the entire European continent. Hence, national identity as a sociological value is no more autonomic. The European Union started to create a substrate of the European culture that has gone beyond the simple sum of national’s cultures, which would be the basis for the future European statehood.What remains unanswered is whether the European identity created in such a way poses a threat to the national ties or not. National and European identities are autonomous institutions only on the surface. European standards of human rights protection go far beyond political and economic rights. These standards interfere in customs and traditions and in public morality of nations, trying to find a balance between them. In reality, the danger of such a process is correlated with the nature of the economic integration as well. In the process of creation of the law of the European Union , economic issues are treated with priority. Hence, free trade undermines the protection of works of art, open borders create favourable conditions for the transfer of pornography as well as the trend to re-define the history. Therefore, the authors of the treaties have created a “safety valve” – all of the aforementioned norms which constitute legal instruments of protection of the national values. Hence, the problem consists in their proper use by the member states.

Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Development in Mountainous Areas - Case of Kelmend

Natural and Cultural Heritage preservation is an important issue toward sustainable development. This paper is focused on Kelmend - a region lying in Northern Albania in the cross border area with Montenegro. Its beauty and greatness is because of the natural heritage which constitutes the main advantage for its future development. Kelmend Region represents a typical alpine landscape with high peaks and deep valleys and with a rich biodiversity. The environment protection and the preservation of natural heritage is the most important aspect toward the sustainable development of the area, but cultural heritage is also as much important. It reflects an authentic complexity which is at risk. The article tries to explore this second issue: the socio-economic sustainability based on cultural heritage. Despite the rich and unspoiled natural and cultural heritage certain factors limits the effective management of the area. The tangible and intangible culture is not protected and is adapting everyday to the consumers’ needs being so under the threat of standardization. Through qualitative methodology we argue the possibility of using the past as a resource for the future in this specific area. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n3s1p481

Development of the Territories Adjoining Kaiskaya Roscha for the Purpose of Preservation of Natural Heritage

Development of the Territories Adjoining Kaiskaya Roscha for the Purpose of Preservation of Natural Heritage

How much do we use digital libraries

This paper seeks to highlight the spectrum of electronic services offered by modern libraries, and the need for the creation of 'digital offers' guided by the standards of library efficiency and effectiveness. When we talk about digital libraries, evaluation studies are very rare due to a number of reasons. Usage is just one of the criteria to evaluate digital libraries, and it includes usage patterns, usage statistics, and user studies. The ultimate goal of the evaluation of digital libraries is to determine to what extent and in what manner they affect the processes of learning, education, cultural development, research, preservation of national heritage, collective and personal identity. As the world is still expecting reliable criteria for evaluating the digital library, the positions from which we are waiting make all the difference. In Serbia, an environment that didn't manage to introduce all the possibilities provided by the Internet, either in terms of e-government, e-commerce, or of e-education, libraries have launched major digitization projects and stepped in front of the needs of our society which is not ready/ educated/ trained/used to digital resources. The way out of this situation must be sought in strengthening of the information society, of its technical and technological, legal and regulatory assumptions, and also those assumptions related to information literacy of citizens, their awareness of how human knowledge is organized, how to find the right information and how to use it effectively to improve the quality of one's own life.

Preservation Easements

Preservation easements should play an important role in managing real estate holdings, by creating a family legacy, generating substantial tax advantages, and facilitating other real estate investments. Unfortunately, portfolio and family office advisors are often unaware of these opportunities. After first describing the two main easement categories—cultural heritage preservation and natural heritage preservation—and their key characteristics, the authors discuss a few of the basic elements wealth managers need to understand when considering these real estate tools and provide examples of how preservation easements can be put to work to enhance portfolio value, provide opportunities to enhance the tax-efficiency of the portfolio, and achieve philanthropic goals. <b>TOPICS:</b>Wealth management, real estate, legal/regulatory/public policy, portfolio construction

Hare Coursing and the Ethics of Tradition

The ‘Hunting Act 2004’, known colloquially as ‘the ban’, signalled a monumental legal change, and social divide, in Great Britain. The contentious effect of the bill was to outlaw hunting with dogs in England and Wales after 18 February 2005. Parliament spent over 700 hours debating the ban in 2004, and one index of its political as well as social significance is that the debate consumed more time than military, environmental, social welfare, and economic legislation - although reporters noted that the rhetoric swirling about the Hunting Act involved all of these matters. Especially conspicuous in the battle over the ban were divisive cultural issues raised by the moral and modernist claims of animal rights activists in protest of hunting and the appeals to the preservation of national heritage and rural folk life by hunting supporters. Either venerable traditions or ‘acts of depravity’, depending on the side taken in the acrimonious debate, fox hunting and hare coursing gatherings drew large crowds in the days before the law went into effect.

Improving the image of local studies collections in public libraries

Public and employer perceptions of staff abilities and qualifications deployed in local studies collections may affect their status and influence and not least the funding the local studies facility may receive. The need to promote the service is also prompted by the growing use of local studies collections and the increasing importance of such holdings to the preservation of national heritage. No reflection on the acknowledged abilities and capabilities of library technicians is implied, but the placement of library technicians in local studies roles may have implications for the image and position of this sector, which in terms of educational curricula, clientele and the staff-customer interface, is professional rather than para-professional.

Legal tools for preserving France's natural heritage through integrated coastal zone management

The coastal zone is an area of conflicting processes, reflecting its position at the interface between the terrestrial and marine environments. Thus, this area needs further study as its importance in our biosphere calls for rapid enforcement of a coordinated conservation policy for the implementation of effective protection. This paper assembles the elements of current politics that are involved with the preservation of our natural heritage in view of an integrated management of the coasts of mainland France. Current legislation applicable to the coastal zone natural heritage exists on three levels: international, European Community and French. An in-depth analysis of the different institutions involved in gathering knowledge and managing the coastal zone is presented. Equally important to the enforcing of laws concerning natural heritage preservation is the defining of protected zones under various conditions such as where sector perimeters meet or overlap. Similarly, numerous organizations and institutions involved with the natural coastal zone environment exist; in many cases, lack of experience hinders integrated and concerted management efforts. The notions of sustainable development and integrated management of the coastal zones propose alternatives to current legislation, using a global and integrated approach to coastal problem areas. Numerous laws may be applied to the coastal zone, but laws elaborated specifically for this area remain rare. Despite being a complex combination of numerous international, community and national directives, natural heritage protection is more known for its weaknesses than its strengths. The French State is still too centralized and does not seem to have adequately adapted its services to the process of decentralization. This last factor is one of the last hurdles left in the effective protection of the marine and coastal environment. The interaction of multiple intervention levels requires a clarification of the network of current expertise, leading to an eventual harmonization and institutional coordination that would take into account everyone who is linked to this coastal zone. A reform of the status of the “Conservatory of the Coastal Areas and Lakeshore” (Conservatoire des Espaces Littoraux et des Rivages Lacustres, CELRL) has been recently proposed (law no. 2002-276 of the 27 February 2002). It aims to increase the responsibility of this organism and lighten the burden on the public domain in its role as a key player in the protection of the natural coastal heritage. The objectives of this article on the French metropolitan coastline are four-fold: to present the principal legal laws and statutes concerning their conservation, to highlight the difficulties connected to the application of these laws, to analyze the diffuse administrative responsibility and the increasing efforts to encourage or enforce the preservation of certain particularly important sectors, and to evaluate the legal tools available for preserving the natural heritage via Integrated Coastal Zone Management.

Some case studies of geophysical exploration of archaeological sites in Yugoslavia

One of the youngest branches of environmental geophysics application is the preservation of national heritage. Numerous digital techniques developed for exploration directed to urban planning can also be applied to investigations of historic buildings. In identifying near-surface layers containing objects of previous civilizations, various sophisticated geophysical methods are used. In the paper, application of geophysics in quantification of possible problems necessary to be carried out in order to get an archaeological map of some locality is discussed [Komatina, S., 1996]. Sophisticated geophysical methods in the preservation of national heritage. Proc. of Int. Conf. Architecture and Urbanism at the turn of the Millenium, Beograd, pp. 39–44. Finally, several examples of archaeogeophysical exploration at Divostin, Bedem and Kalenic monastery localities (Serbia, Yugoslavia) are presented.

Ecological indicator organisms for environmental protection policy

Environmental protection policy strives to maintain an environment favourable to human health, agriculture, and the preservation of natural heritage. Infringements upon the environment have been either by sudden deliberate action of man (construction, land reclamation, dams, etc.) or by gradual, insipid stress of chemical and physical agents (chemical substances, heat, noise, radiation, etc.). Indeliberate unwanted stress upon the environment may be measured either by observing biological effects on indicator organisms or by chemically analyzing contaminants in these organisms. In this respect the author pleads for modest, cost-efficient monitoring programmes of limited duration and providing policy related information in a direct way. Biological effect monitoring programmes show limited prospects at this moment.