Self-presentation Research Articles

Самооценка преподавателя вуза в контексте современных медиа

Self-esteem and personal development depend on the social context. This article describes this correlation, within which personality affects the professional success. Such an impact is manifested in the work of a modern university educator, both in the media space and beyond. The social role of the teacher changes together with public relations: today, it is part of cultural capital and information economy. The professional self-esteem of a university educator, expressed in managerial metrics, determines their performance. The metrics can reveal a social interaction between the specialist and the society, where the specialist exchanges skills for reward, which affects the self-esteem and further interaction. The work of a university educator depends on the presence of the student as an actor, formal requirements of the university administration, and the ability to meet the students’ need for personal contact under standardization and mass production of information. The article gives university teaching personnel some recommendations on maintaining self-esteem connected with the development of emotional intelligence, impression management, and identification. The recommendations are supported by media presence cases.

Exploring the links between type and content of virtual background use during videoconferencing and videoconference fatigue.

The popularity of remote working in recent years has led to a rise in the use of videoconferencing tools. However, these communication tools have also given rise to a phenomenon known as videoconference fatigue (VF). Using the limited capacity model of motivated mediated message processing and impression management theory as the theoretical framework, this study explores how different types and content of virtual backgrounds in videoconferencing influence people's VF and well-being. A survey of 610 users of videoconferencing tools revealed significant variations in the content and type of virtual backgrounds used during videoconferences. Our findings highlight three main points: first, there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual backgrounds and VF; second, pairwise comparisons showed that the type of virtual background significantly influences the amount of VF experienced by users; third, the content of virtual backgrounds also significantly impacts the level of VF experienced by users. These results suggest that careful selection of virtual backgrounds can mitigate VF and improve user well-being. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Impression management in the boardroom: How CEO facial trustworthiness influences turnover risk

This paper examines the effect of perceived trustworthiness on the turnover of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and its moderating role in the relationship between firm performance and CEO turnover. We employ a unique dataset comprising headshots of male CEOs in US-listed firms from 2010 to 2019 and a machine learning-based facial landmark detector to construct a composite facial trustworthiness index. Our results show that CEOs exhibiting high facial trustworthiness experience a lower turnover risk. We also find that facial trustworthiness strongly influences the link between firm performance and CEO turnover. Well-performing executives have a lower risk of being dismissed from their positions, and the dismissal risk is even lower among CEOs perceived as having a high facial trustworthiness. Conversely, underperforming CEOs are more likely to be dismissed, and the dismissal probability is greater among CEOs who have been perceived as being highly trustworthy. Our findings are consistent with the predictions of the expectancy violation theory, which posits that trustworthy-looking executives are more likely to be punished if they do not live up to the expectations held by the board of directors.

Investigating feelings of imposterism in first-year medical student narratives.

Imposter phenomenon (IP), feeling as if a person does not belong, has been reported in medical students at various rates. In medical literature, this phenomenon has often been defined as a 'syndrome', but other studies have described it as a dynamic experience that can have various impacts on different people at different time points. Although studies have linked IP with other phenomena such as burnout in residents and physicians, no studies have examined its aetiology nor how these feelings are experienced by medical students. With the use of social identity theory as a framework, the authors analysed 233 reflective essays for elements of IP across eight cohorts of medical students from two institutions. Students responded to a prompt that asked: 'What was one part of your identity that you thought you would have to change in order to become a physician?' Included reflections were analysed using the framework method. Elements of IP were identified in 121 reflections (52%) and were categorised into three major themes: (1) Comparing oneself to an idealised image of a medical student, (2) Comparing oneself to an idealised image of a physician and (3) Concerns about presentation of self to others. Each theme contained two or more sub-themes. Commonly, students discussed how their own personality traits, experiences, backgrounds and identities cast doubt on their sense of belonging in medicine. The results of this study were consistent across both institutions, suggesting that imposter feelings are common among all first-year medical students. However, the extent of the impact of these feelings on their identity formation depends on the individual lived experiences of students and the context in which these feelings arise. Encouraging reflective journaling and sharing of stories from all stages of education can normalise imposter feelings during the development of the professional identity as a physician.

Exploring impression management through eye-tracking: A study on the influence of photographs in financial reporting

The objective of financial reporting is to provide decision-useful information for a wide range of existing and potential stakeholders. However, the lack of regulation regarding the use of visual imagery may enable companies to engage in impression management and subtly influence the reader’s judgments through careful selection of images and how they obfuscate or clarify information. This study utilizes eye-tracking technology to experimentally examine how non-explanatory photographs influence the performance judgments of non-professional investors comprising business students and auditors. Participants were exposed to an excerpt of the management summary of a fictitious company’s annual report. The findings suggest while a non-explanatory photograph attracts attention in a text-image combination, the information search process and performance-related judgments are free of influences from the photograph. This implies other photographic attributes, such as triggering emotional influences or providing explanatory information, may be more relevant for impression management in influencing judgments over attentional influences.

A - 60 Validity of Caregiver Reported Behavioral Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder Evaluations

Abstract Objective Informant report of a child’s behavior is an important component of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) evaluations. Informant-report measures with symptom validity scales are crucial to identifying invalid reporting of symptoms. This study examined the prevalence of, and characteristics associated with caregiver-report symptom validity (SVT) failure in an ASD evaluation clinic. Method Particpants were 212 youth, 6 to 18 years old (Mage = 11.5, 79.7% white, 91% non-Hispanic) whose caregivers completed a Conners, 3rd Edition, Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS) 2nd or 3rd Edition, and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) as part of a multidisciplinary autism evaluation. Results Rates of symptom validity failure, specifically negative impression (z = −3.338, p < 0.001) and inconsistency (z = −2.051, p = 0.04) were significantly higher in this sample compared to the Conners, 3rd edition general population normative sample. Elevated negative impression index was associated with lower scores on the ABAS Social index (r = 0.152, p = 0.028) and higher scores on the CBCL Withdrawn scale (r = −0.285, p < 0.001). Those with an elevated negative impression index were more likely to not receive an ASD diagnosis [Χ2 = 8.116, p = 0.006]. Conclusion Caregiver report in children seeking diagnostic clarification for ASD is more likely to raise concerns for validity of reported behavioral symptoms than in the general population. Negative impression management is associated with lower likelihood of clinical ASD diagnosis, perhaps suggestive of caregiver motivation to obtain ASD diagnosis for non-autistic children. These findings support consideration of SVT failure when examining caregiver-reported behavioral symptoms.

Making Sense of Political Images on Instagram: Analysing the Online Image and Impression Management of World Leaders versus Belgian Politicians. A Comparison of Two Case Studies

Making Sense of Political Images on Instagram: Analysing the Online Image and Impression Management of World Leaders versus Belgian Politicians. A Comparison of Two Case Studies

ESG and Environmental Performance: Multiple Mediation Models of Green Accounting and CSR Disclosure

Sustainability is a major theme in current academic research due to various issues such as the energy crisis, global warming, and environmental damage. This sustainability issue led to an increase in the role of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) in improving the quality of environmental management by companies. However, research on this topic is still limited with inconsistent findings. This study aims to examine the effect of ESG on environmental performance by using the mediating variables of green accounting and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. This study contributes by developing a multiple mediating model. The sample consisted of 114 firms-years observations of mining and manufacturing companies in Indonesia during the 2017-2022 period. The results show that ESG has a positive effect on the application of green accounting and CSR disclosure. Both mediation variables can improve environmental performance. In addition, ESG can also have a positive effect directly on environmental performance. These results provide empirical evidence of the importance of ESG implementation in the context of sustainability. The results of mediation testing show that CSR disclosure can act as a partial mediator so as to show support for signaling theory and the dominant role of impression management in environmental performance ranking.

From personality types to social labels: the impact of using MBTI on social anxiety among Chinese youth.

As the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) gains popularity among Chinese young people, it has undergone a gradual transition from being perceived as a personality assessment tool to being regarded as a social label. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether the use of the MBTI as a social label has an impact on social anxiety among Chinese youth groups. A questionnaire survey was conducted on social media platforms to recruit Chinese youth aged 18 to 35. A total of 247 males and 222 females participated in the study, and the data was analyzed quantitatively using SPSS software and the Process macro plugin. The study found no strong correlation between MBTI as a social label and social anxiety. Moreover, this study introduced ego identity, belonging, and impression management as mediating variables and found that, under the influence of ego identity and impression management, the use of MBTI has a significant impact on social anxiety. The research reveals the complex role of MBTI among Chinese youth and provides a new perspective for understanding the impact of online social labels on the mental health of youth groups. Of course, this study also has limitations in terms of sample size and variable control. Future research should expand the sample size, introduce more potential influencing factors, and further validate and expand the existing conclusions.

(In)visibility during organizational entry: Newcomer perceptions of visibility in remote work

ABSTRACT While the research on communication visibility has typically focused on how visibility is enacted among employees who are familiar with the networks, practices and technologies of the organization, this study focuses on the experiences of newcomers. Additionally, while technology use around newcomers has typically been approached in parallel with face-to-face communication, our study concentrates on fully remote organizational entry. Qualitative interview and survey data among 24 newcomers revealed that the dimensions of visibility – the sociomaterial context, actors’ actions and observers’ actions – play a role in uncertainty and impression management during the entry process, while simultaneously reflecting to visibility management. The findings contribute to a model theorizing the relationship between visibility, uncertainty, impression management and sociomateriality during remote organizational entry.

Job insecurity and innovative behavior: the mediating role of impression management and the moderating role of job embeddedness

Job insecurity and innovative behavior: the mediating role of impression management and the moderating role of job embeddedness

The emotional complexity of corporate communication: An emerging market case study

This study examines Renergen Ltd's Chief Executive Officer's defence of using paid analysts. By analysing sentiment from the CEO's interview, using Facial Expression Recognition (FER) and Dynamic Exploratory Graph Analysis (DynEGA), we explore the emotional tones of sadness, fear, regret, excitement, happiness and optimism. The findings suggest that the CEO's communication was strategically crafted to address investor concerns and promote a positive outlook, highlighting the use of impression management to influence retail investors and navigate the controversy surrounding the company.

How to Stop Worrying About What Other People Think of You at Work

This article discusses the negative impacts of worrying excessively about others' perceptions at work and provides strategies for overcoming people-pleasing tendencies through cultivating self-awareness, acceptance, and focusing on valuable outputs rather than impressions management or competitive comparisons. Constantly seeking approval and validation can be mentally and emotionally draining as well as hinder productivity and creativity, as research shows this stems from a lack of self-worth conditioned from childhood, particularly for women socialized to prioritize others. The article recommends developing self-awareness of intrinsic values and communication techniques like learning to say no comfortably, speaking concisely with purpose, and welcoming feedback graciously. Real-world case studies across industries illustrate applying these, such as a nonprofit director focusing meetings on solutions rather than disclaimers, a healthcare account manager prioritizing metrics over expectations, and an engineering lead openly discussing decisions while welcoming different perspectives. Overcoming ingrained people-pleasing allows professionals to feel empowered contributing their best work through self-development and outcome-driven mindsets.

Does data asset disclosure contribute to the market efficiency? Evidence from China

Information regarding firms' data assets and stock pricing has been more closely related when data is integrated into firms' value creation processes. However, since data asset disclosure can also be engaged in impression management by firms, its contribution to market efficiency may be impeded. Using a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2014 to 2020, this study examines the impact of increased data asset information disclosure on the subsequent stock price volatility. The findings suggest that more data asset disclosure reduces stock return idiosyncratic volatility. The mechanism analysis shows that data asset disclosure reduces idiosyncratic volatility of stock prices by mitigating analyst forecast dispersion and noise trading induced by buy-sell imbalances. Moreover, this mitigating effect is more pronounced in firms with more analyst following, observable digital investments, and higher liquidity. But the effect is diminished if firms use a more positive abnormal tone in their annual reports.

From impression to expression: How warmth and competence in relaxing and challenging activities shape pleasure and eWOM

AbstractThis research investigates how aligning service providers' warmth and competence with the nature of leisure activities (relaxing vs. challenging) influences pleasure and electronic word‐of‐mouth (eWOM) sharing. Through a series of five studies, including secondary data analysis (Study 1), scenario‐based experiments (Studies 2a, 3, 4, and 5), and observation of actual eWOM behavior (Study 2b), we demonstrate that the alignment between service judgments and activity type (i.e., warmth in relaxing activities and competence in challenging activities) enhances positive eWOM sharing, with this effect being mediated by the pleasure derived from the service experience. Our findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of the cognitive and affective antecedents of eWOM. We extend the stereotype content model to the eWOM research, identifying activity type as a novel boundary condition. We recommend that managers tailor their impression management strategies to the type of activity offered. For relaxing activities, emphasize warmth‐related attributes, while for challenging activities, highlight competence‐related attributes—both approaches can enhance customer pleasure and encourage positive eWOM sharing.

‘Not that We’re not Hard-Working Ourselves, but Germans are the Model’: mediatising Germans as the national other in the video project Easy Languages

ABSTRACT The present paper focuses on the analysis of four videos which portray the ways British, Italian, French and Greek people talk about Germans as the national other, within the context of a video series project aiming to promote multilingualism and foreign language learning (Easy Languages). Contrary to traditional views on national stereotypes from social psychology, and on cultural categorisations of countries from intercultural communication as universally fixed entities, a Critical Discourse Studies perspective is adopted, which views them instead as hegemonic discourses, which sustain particular power relations with the excuse of ‘cultural’ difference. The analysis discloses that the mediatisation of Germans as the national other aligns with the well-known national stereotypes of competence and warmth, as well as with the widely held cultural categorisations distinguishing monochronic from polychronic countries. Yet, viewed as dynamic discursive resources, it is shown that discussing national matters is a delicate topic, requiring a positive impression management, especially within a context with ‘clear’ intercultural objectives. Moreover, these discourses lead to the neutralisation of politics through culturalisation.

Near-lies in the era of advanced technology: Anticipation and uncertainty

Recent technological advances have brought both anticipation and uncertainty. Entrepreneurs and external stakeholders in technology industries must distinguish between realistic and unrealistic prospects for new technologies. To address this issue, this study introduces the concept of near-lies defined as idealistic statements formally made by entrepreneurs, such as promises or predictions of a firm's future performance, that might exceed its capacity, potentially leading to future falsehoods. Near-lies differ from existing notions of corporate dishonesty because they are potential falsehoods or assume facts that are unknown at the moment, whereas existing notions represent exposed falsehoods. This concept offers practical implications in the era of advanced technology. To prevent dishonesty, entrepreneurs must engage in transparent communication when offering statements about their firm's future performance, prioritizing the long-term impression management toward external stakeholders. External stakeholders must rely on factual information to predict truths and effectively respond to entrepreneurs' near lies.

Earnings Pressure and Corporate Social Responsibility Impression Management

Earnings Pressure and Corporate Social Responsibility Impression Management

When Does Entrepreneurs’ Impression Management Enhance Their Networking Performance? The Cross-Level Moderating Role of Collective Altruism

When Does Entrepreneurs’ Impression Management Enhance Their Networking Performance? The Cross-Level Moderating Role of Collective Altruism

A study on the pattern of selfie culture among university students in Bangladesh

This study endeavors to explore the determinants behind the prevalence of selfie culture in the light of self-presentation strategies. It applied Erving Goffman’s (1959) Self-Presentation theory to scrutinize the pattern of selfie culture among university students in Bangladesh. Following a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted among 20 participants as a purposive sample age range from 20 to 25 years old. The results demonstrate that the participants tend to invest considerable attention to take selfies, afterward use filters to maximize the “best version” of the self, and eventually post them in the digital world. Their desire to represent the “best version” of themselves and gain the attention of others reflect the narcissist traits of the participants. Also, their level of self-esteem increases when they feel confident and see their “retouched image” after using photographic filters.