Present Stage Research Articles

Australia in U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy at the Present Stage

The article analyses the political-military relations between the United States and Australia at the present stage. The key doctrinal documents are reviewed, which make it clear that, in order to strengthen the strategic positions of both countries, modernization of the bilateral alliance is required. The results of cooperation in foreign and defense policy are examined, indicating the evolution of U.S.–Australian relations. Particular attention is paid to AUKUS – the flagship initiative of the Indo-Pacific policy of the Biden administration. The author concludes that Australia now holds a central role in the system of integrated deterrence against China and in the overall security architecture of the Indo-Pacific region.

Spain and China: from mistrust to strategic partnership. Political dimension

The article, based on Spanish and Chinese sources, deals with the evolution of relations between Spain and China over 50 years of diplomatic relations. Particular attention is paid to studying the main areas of cooperation between the two countries at the present stage. The expert discourse of Spain and China is examined. The authors identify key points of contact within the framework of cooperation in the field of political relations, on the basis of which they concluded that there is significant potential for its development. At the same time, some factors are demonstrated that make it difficult to align the interests of China and Spain and deepen ties between the countries.

On the new cycle of Russian-Latin American cooperation in education

The history of Russia’s relations with the countries of Latin America (LA) shows that interaction in higher education sphere was an important component of interregional cooperation, although its dynamics were cyclical, when periods of upswing were followed by protracted downturns. Currently, as part of the foreign policy strategy aimed at expanding Russia’s ties with the LA-region, the task is to restore cooperation in the field of tertiary education. The purpose of the article is to review previous experience and new options for partnerships between Russian and Latin American universities. Particular attention is paid to virtual student mobility, as well as the inclusion of Russian universities into the humanitarian component of BRICS in the context of its the expansion. The work is based on a detailed study of statistical reviews of official institutions of Russian Federation, as well as publications on Latin American issues of Russian authors. Sources of information also included articles of foreign scientists dealing with the problems of internationalization of higher education in the LA-region. The content analysis method made it possible to filter secondary data appearing in media. The synthesis of extensive information and comparative analysis helps to identify similar and distinctive characteristics of Latin American student mobility in the global education market in different geographical routes, and to determine Russia’s place in this process. In conclusion, the opportunities and difficulties for inter-university cooperation in the “RF-LA” model at the present stage are analyzed.

Relations between India and Taiwan at the Present Stage

Relations between India and Taiwan at the Present Stage

Socio-economic determinants of centrifugal tendencies in the Basque Country at the present stage

Socio-economic determinants of centrifugal tendencies in the Basque Country at the present stage

Exploring SMEFT couplings using the forward–backward asymmetry in neutral current Drell–Yan production at the LHC

Neutral current Drell–Yan (DY) lepton-pair production is considered to study Z-boson quark couplings. Using the open-source fit platform xFitter, we investigate the impact of high-statistics measurements of the neutral current DY (NCDY) forward–backward asymmetry AFB near the weak boson mass scale in the present and forthcoming stages of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Besides recovering earlier results on the AFB sensitivity to parton distribution functions, we analyze the precision determination of Z-boson couplings to left-handed and right-handed u-quarks and d-quarks, and explore Beyond-Standard-Model contributions using the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework. We perform a sensitivity study and comment on the role of the AFB asymmetry for the electroweak SMEFT fit and precision Z-boson physics at the LHC and high-luminosity HL-LHC.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Karakter Peserta Didik di SMP Al-Ijtihad

This study aims to determine the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in instilling character values of students at Al-Ijtihad Junior High School. This study uses a type of field research. The data collection technique uses field observation, interview, and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in instilling the character values of students is always active in Al-Ijtihad Junior High School. The pie teacher always guides students to always have good speech, good manners to parents and teachers, students make a habit outside the classroom, namely when meeting the teacher to say greetings, speak well and politely, respect and kiss the teacher's hand. Furthermore, teachers also always invite students to instill the value of religious character in school, namely tadarus Al-Qur'an, dhuha prayer, hajat prayer and dzuhur prayer in congregation

Technoscience: the ambiguity of the concept and scientific profiles

Relevance. The understanding of modern science as a branch of knowledge totally integrated with technology still causes heated discussions and, as a consequence, is ambiguously perceived in the scientific community, demonstrating both the position of supporters of the appropriate use of the concept of ‘technoscience’ and the arguments of those who consider the term far-fetched and artificial. The complexity and multidimensionality of this concept makes it difficult to incorporate it into both theoretical science and the language of practitioners.The purpose of the work is to clarify whether this phenomenon has philosophical and practical value in the context of the modern stage of science development.Objectives: to review the historical development of the term and to identify its three profiles in the scientific context; to analyse the epistemological, ontological, political and ethical aspects of technoscience; to show the mutual process of internal entry of science into technoreality and technology into science, the convergence of their values and approaches, which eventually leads to the idea of fusion in the term ‘technoscience’.Methodology. Philosophical analysis allows to characterise and structure science at the present stage, historical approach ‒ to identify the preconditions and trace the formation of the term ‘technoscience’.Results. The concept of technoscience can be a bridge between different studies of science, technology and society, as well as contribute to the development of critical views on fashionable terms and processes. A philosophical analysis of technoscience represents an important tool to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open new philosophical perspectives and stimulate a deeper discussion of the problems arising at the interface between science and technology.Conclusions. Despite its controversial and ambiguous nature, technoscience is an important philosophical tool that can help to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open up new philosophical perspectives and stimulate deeper discussion of the problems arising at the intersection of science and technology.

Social activity of an athlete's personality: sociocultural research methodology

Relevance. The study of an athlete's personality primarily involves the study of its socio-cultural nature and structure. Despite the length of the scientific discourse regarding the essence and structure of personality, there is no unified approach in the context of the socio-cultural interpretation of this category in sports. However, each of the definitions of personality presented in scientific sources and supported by relevant research is important and should be taken into account when striving for the most complete understanding of personality. In turn, none of the methods can provide a complete description of an athlete. Each of them only reflects a separate aspect of his abilities, personal qualities and traits. Therefore, it is important to use all methods in combination to help coaches, practitioners and teachers in organizing educational work, training processes and an individual approach to teaching.The purpose is to characterize the general methodology and methods of studying the personality of an athlete in the context of socio–cultural knowledge.Objectives: to define the conceptual basis of the sociological study of the athlete's personality; to present methods for its study; to establish the directions of their application.Methodology: the methodological design of the study is based on the use of philosophical, sociocultural and pedagogical concepts and approaches.Results. The social activity of an athlete's personality is largely determined by how effectively sociocultural approaches are involved in its socialization. The desired result is possible with the use of the entire arsenal of tools, methods and special exercises.Conclusions. At the present stage of development of the sociology of sport, sociocultural methodology becomes decisive in studying various aspects of the formation and development of the athlete's personality. The scientific determinacy of using special methods of its study is associated with a specific result that must be achieved by an athlete in a particular sport. The complex use of methods of social diagnostics of personality is the main resource in organizing the practical activities of coaches and mentors.

Atopic dermatitis in children of the first year of life: clinical and pathogenetic aspects, modern views on treatment from the perspective of a dermatologist

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases in children. Genetic disorders that determine the development of persistent dysfunction of cellular immunity play an important role in the development of clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis. In the new concept of the occurrence of clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis (AD), T-regulatory lymphocytes are assigned, in the form of CD4+CD25+ phenotype, which is controlled by the transcription factor FoxP3. The study of the mechanism of itching, which is more or less observed in all children with blood pressure, showed that in the case of the island-inflammatory course of Th2-dependent blood pressure, itching is histamine-conditioned. According to the concept of «Outside to Inside – outside – inside», the most significant mechanisms causing the appearance of blood pressure are a genetic predisposition that causes the formation of allergic reactions, changes in the permeability of the epidermal barrier, against the background of transepidermal moisture loss, the occurrence of xerosis phenomena and a decrease in the itching threshold. Significant abnormalities in the state of the skin microbiota were found in children with AD. The species composition of the intestinal microbiota in children with AD differs significantly from that in children with healthy skin. Intestinal microbiocenosis largely determines the direction of morphofunctional processes in the epidermis, by means of translocation of intestinal bacteria regulating the humoral response directly in the skin. Most often, allergic reactions are triggered when food proteins enter the body. Among other allergens, cow’s milk protein is the most significant in the development of allergic reactions in young children. In many cases, in 1-year-old children with AD, goat’s milk mixtures are a good alternative to cow’s milk-based milk mixtures. At the present stage, the most important in the complex of therapeutic measures in children with blood pressure from the first year of life are diet therapy and active external therapy, including the phased use of topical steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, emollients.

Financial development and economic growth: Current issues of theory and practice of research

The article contains an analysis of theoretical and empirical research on the relationship between financial and economic development, that have been accumulated since the beginning of the 20th century. The diversity of concepts in the absence of a recognized theory of economic growth, and the rapid evolution of financial market make this issue still relevant. The empirical research is based on the theories which were developed at least 30 years ago and they don’t include a number of modern trends (a multiple increase in financial innovation, the dominance of global markets, sectoral polarization of economies and contraction of the real sector in a number of countries). This leaves gaps in understanding the mechanisms of financial market impact on economic growth, increases the diversity of results. The purpose of this work is to systemize the ideas around financial market influence on economic growth that have been established in theory and practice to form an objective picture of what was happening, as well as to identify the actual ways of theoretical concepts renewal, to prepare recommendations for improving analytical approaches. Using the methods of analytical grouping, meaningful and evolutionary analysis: databases of theoretical (25 for 1911—2000s) and empirical (71 for 1993—2023) works have been formed (by groups of financial market influence); the evolution of theoretical concepts and endogenous economic-mathematical models of economic growth based on financial development has been considered; a factor analysis of empirical studies by 11 essential parameters has been carried out. According to the results, the influence of financial market on economic growth is not universal and varies across countries. The increased diversity of research results is associated with a decrease in their accuracy due to: emergence of new mechanisms of the financial market influence on economic growth; failure to take into account differences in sectoral structures of economies; dependence of empirical research on external factors not related to the hypothesis being tested (9 out of 11 reviewed). Conclusions and recommendations are provided: on the need to rethink of the theoretical concepts, on improving the quality of empirical studies; on the importance of accumulating a new body of empirical data around the impact of the financial market on economic growth at the present stage.

Типы оформления заимствованных слов в якутоязычных интернет-источниках

This article is devoted to one of the current problems of the spelling of the modern Yakut language – the problem of spelling words borrowed from the Russian language. The purpose of the study is to identify the types of writing typical for spelling of loanwords in the Yakut language. The materials for the analysis were Yakut language publications on the Internet. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the very formulation of the problem and in the fact that it is the first study of loanwords in the texts of popular Internet sites in modern linguistics and is aimed at theoretically substantiating the peculiarities of spelling and trends at the present stage of the development of the literary language. The results showed that the loanwords spelled with a partial violation of the phonetic norms of the Yakut language and preserving the shape of the prototype do not comply with spelling rules and the dictionary and lead to loosening of its spelling norms.

Functioning of the state border of the Republic of Moldova in the context of the development of international cooperation. The dialectic connection

This article summarizes the analysis of the functioning regime of the state border of the Republic of Moldova interdependent with the political vectors of development of the country on the international arena. From the proclamation of independence to the present, the regime of functioning of the Moldovan bordershas varied from dimensions of statehood fortification to contributions through participation in ensuring regional security. At the present stage, border authorities concerned with the national strategic objective - European integration, must focus on developing a new modern concept of border functioning, which takes into account two main dialectically interlinked parameters: on the one hand, the border must be as open as possible for cooperation with the international and regional community, and on the other hand, it must continue to provide unconditional protection of national interests and national security.

Nodulo-Ulcerative Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in 27 Patients: Clinical Presentation, Management and Outcomes

ABSTRACT Purpose To report the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of nodulo-ulcerative ocular surface squamous neoplasia (nuOSSN). Methods Retrospective interventional clinical cohort study of 27 patients from a quaternary ocular oncology center. Results Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed with nuOSSN during the six-year study period. The mean age at presentation was 53 years (median, 51 years; range, 25 to 81 years). Misdiagnosis was noted in 7 (26%) patients, and the mean lag time from symptom onset to presentation at our center was 14 months (median, 6 months; range, 1 to 96 months). The bulbar conjunctiva was the commonest epicenter (n = 19, 70%), and the temporal quadrant was most commonly involved (n = 13, 48%). The mean tumor diameter and thickness were 18 mm (median, 16 mm; range, 8 to 60 mm) and 3 mm (median, 2 mm; range, 1 to 5 mm), respectively. Corneal, limbal, and scleral thinning were seen in 15 (56%), 18 (67%), and 10 (37%) patients, respectively. Peripheral corneal opacification was seen in 18 (67%), and thickening around the area of scleral thinning was seen in 12 (44%) patients. Tumors belonged to the American Joint Committee for Cancer classification T2 (n = 2, 7%), T3 (n = 19, 70%), and T4 (n = 6, 22%) categories. Primary treatment (n = 19) included topical 1% 5-fluorouracil (5FU) eye drops (n = 1, 4%), excisional biopsy (n = 4, 14%), extended enucleation (n = 11, 41%), and orbital exenteration (n = 3, 11%). At a mean follow-up of 9 months (median, 3 months; range 1 to 46 months) in 19 patients who received treatment, the outcomes included local tumor recurrence in 2 patients (11%), tumor control in 16 (84%), globe salvage in 3 (16%), and lymph node metastasis in 2 patients (11%). Conclusion nuOSSN is an aggressive form of the disease that is frequently misdiagnosed due to the presence of corneoscleral thinning. Globe salvage rates are poor owing to the advanced stage of presentation.

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN MUTU LULUSAN DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN DAN ISU GLOBAL (STUDI KASUS STISIP TASIKMALAYA)

This study aims to analyze the strategy of improving the quality of graduates at STISIP Tasikmalaya in facing the challenges of globalization. The importance of this research lies in addressing the gap in the literature regarding comprehensive strategies that integrate curriculum development, soft skills enhancement, and industry collaboration holistically, especially in the context of local universities. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study method, which involved in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model through the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results showed that STISIP Tasikmalaya's strategies, such as strengthening competency-based curriculum, soft skills training, and internship programs, have improved graduates' readiness to face global challenges. This strategy is proven effective through tracer study data which shows that 90% of graduates get jobs in less than six months. However, the institution still faces obstacles such as limited resources and regional competition. This research has implications for the development of a strategic framework for other universities in responding to global dynamics, as well as providing guidance for creating competitive and adaptive graduates.

Electronic publications of archival institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan and features of the developed Е-Doc Complex website

At the present time, electronic publication of archival documents is a modern high-profile way to use them and satisfy information needs of the society and researchers, as well as to popularize the documentary heritage. Publications of archival institutions on the Internet imply a multi-faceted practice, which includes development of search tools and reference mechanisms for collections, providing digital copies of archival documents on certain topics. Archival institutions create various types of electronic publications, namely databases, online exhibitions, collections of archival materials. Thus, currently, electronic archaeography is a promising research area due to the active advancements in the discipline’s practical applications. Publication of collections of archival documents is the most problematic issue among all types of documentary publication in electronic form. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main types of documentary publications provided by archival institutions in the digital environment and to reveal the specifics of the developed software product for publishing collections of archival materials. The research uses materials from the state archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan, regulatory and methodological documents. The results of the research include the following: an analysis of the academic discourse on the problems of publishing documentary heritage at the present stage was carried out; types of electronic publications and methods of their creation in the digital space were examined using the example of the state archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan; the E-Doc Complex website was developed as a separate software product for creating three types of collections of archival documents and thematic virtual exhibitions.

Religious nationalists in Palestine and Israel. Back to the start?

The article considers the reasons for the rise of religious nationalism which has been politically coloring the decades long confrontation between the Jews and the Palestinians. The naissance of Palestinian nationalism and the clash of the two national movements under the British mandate warrant a parallel with present-day developments. While the religious component has always been present, albeit to varying degrees, in the discourse of various nationalist forces (liberal, right-wing, socialist), it received a new impetus by the Israeli occupation of Arab lands after 1967 war. The war in Gaza has highlighted the special role that religious nationalists are currently playing on both sides. The rise of religious nationalism, which resulted from the absence of a settlement of the Palestinian problem is a major destabilizing factor. The military confrontation between Hamas and Israel provides additional material for the analysis of religious nationalism at the present stage, its role in creating mutually exclusive narratives and radical practices, increasingly narrowing the possibilities of eventual compromises.

Methodological approaches to the study of the causes of temporary disability at employees

Introduction. Temporary disability (TD) is one of the main indicators characterizing the state of health of workers. The legislation in force in the Russian Federation on the protection of personal data has significantly limited the possibilities of analyzing the incidence of temporary disability at the enterprise level. The study aims to evaluate the possibility of using the results of the analysis of temporary disability according to enterprise data in the risk management system for the health of workers. Materials and methods. The scientists used data from four enterprises of different types of economic activity with the number of employees from 1,647 to 5,882 people to assess the possibility of analyzing the causes of temporary disability, they also received information about all cases of temporary disability in the form of depersonalized personal data. For statistical data processing, specialists used Microsoft Excel 2013. Results. The company's own accounting data allows to consolidate and analyze personalized data on the causes of temporary disability of employees. The level of temporary disability can be determined considering the gender and age structure of employees, length of service, working conditions, profession and other characteristics of the workers. Limitations. The study is limited by the lack of information on diseases that cause temporary disability. Conclusion. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop new methodological approaches for analyzing the causes of temporary disability at the enterprise level, introducing them into systems of social and hygienic monitoring and risk management for the health of workers.

Exploration of Customer Experience in Satisfaction and Loyalty Toward Lion Air Flight Services

Lion Air is one of the leading airlines in Indonesia's low-cost carrier (LCC) market. However, the airline faces several public concerns related to service quality and customer experience. This study aims to explore the reasons behind customer retention and the dynamics of customer satisfaction in the face of operational shortcomings. The study employs a qualitative approach to explore and understand customer experiences, perceptions, and preferences in-depth. Data were collected through primary and secondary sources, and interviews were conducted with participants. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively through stages of collection, presentation, reduction, and conclusion. The results show that customer satisfaction and loyalty to Lion Air flight services are influenced by several factors, including product quality, price, and service quality. Among these factors, affordable ticket prices are the main factors that encourage customers to make repeat purchases, stay loyal customers, and provide positive recommendations to others. The findings of this study can guide Lion Air's management in formulating effective strategies to improve service quality, strengthen customer loyalty, and maintain its position as a leading airline in Indonesia. Furthermore, it is hoped that further research can produce more comprehensive and useful findings for Lion Air management in improving performance and competitiveness in the aviation industry.

Current trends in the pronunciation of consonants before the letter ‘e’ in words of foreign origin at the present stage of development of the Russian language

Current trends in the pronunciation of consonants before the letter ‘e’ in words of foreign origin at the present stage of development of the Russian language