The spectacular thrust and inquisitiveness of the present-day world have resulted in an incredible scientific approach regarding herbal medicine potential. The importance of herbal medicine has witnessed a tremendous expansion because of its significant effective and safe medications, especially in chronic and long-standing ailments. <em>Filfil daraz</em> (<em>Piper longum</em> L.) or long pepper, is a herb with enormous therapeutic benefits. Its beneficial actions are <em>HÄá¸im</em> (digestive), <em>MuqawwÄ«-i-MiÊ»da</em> (stomachic), and <em>KÄsir-i- RiyÄḥ</em> (carminative). Since ages, Unani physicians used this herb for several disorders like <em>BalghamÄ« khansi</em> (Phlegmatic cough), <em>FÄlij</em> (Paralysis), <em>Laqwa</em> (Facial palsy), <em>Mirgi</em> (Epilepsy), <em>Niqris</em> (Gout), <em>‘Irq al-NasÄ</em> (Sciatica), and <em>QÅ«lanj</em> (Colitis) etc. Literature survey revealed countless important phytoconstituents namely alkaloids such as piperine, volatile oil, esters and resins. Moreover, many plant parts have shown distinct activities like analgesic, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, immunomodulatory activities in quite a lot of<em> in-vivo</em> and <em>in-vitro</em> studies. The present review delivers a comprehensive description of <em>Piper longum</em> L., its ethnobotanical uses, and recent scientific studies. New research avenues are open for future research endeavours for phytochemical studies and preclinical and clinical trials to explore its medicinal importance.