Presence Of Rhodamine Research Articles

Determination of Three Imidazole Derivatives by Flow-Injection Chemiluminescence

A rapid, simple, and sensitive method was developed for the determination of three imidazole derivatives based on their quenching effect on bis(2,4,6-tricholorophenyl) oxalate (TCPO)–H2O2 chemiluminescence (CL) in the presence of rhodamine 6 G. Conditions affecting CL intensity were studied. With sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the additional agent, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was more twice the RSD without SDS. Under optimal conditions, good linear ranges were obtained from 1.0 × 10−4 g/mL to 1.0 × 10−6 g/mL, 1.0 × 10−5 g/mL to 1.0 × 10−7 g/mL, and 1.0 × 10−5 g/mL to 7.0 × 10−7 g/mL, with detection limits of 8.0 × 10−7 g/mL, 7.0 × 10−8 g/mL, and 8.0 × 10−8 g/mL (S/N = 3) for hydrobenzole hydrochloride, thiamazole, and mizolastine, respectively. The RSDs for 13 consecutive injections of 1.0 × 10−6 g/mL hydrobenzole hydrochloride, thiamazole, and mizolastine were 1.89%, 1.47%, and 1.69%, respectively, and satisfied results were obtained with the method applied to their pharmaceutical preparations. The possible CL mechanism was simply discussed.

Effect of additional food and water on house mice in a semi‐arid agricultural environment in Australia

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that providing high‐quality food and water would increase reproduction, survival and population size in house mice living in a semi‐arid cropping environment in the mallee region of western Victoria, Australia, where outbreaks of house mice (Mus domesticus) occur irregularly. We employed a factorial design and applied treatments along internal fencelines (16 sites), adjacent to cropping areas, from November 2003 to July 2004. Population abundance was low during the experiment (0–26 mice per site), and the summer rainfall was below average. We confirmed that mice used the supplementary food and water through a reduction in weight of food containers over time and for water through the presence of Rhodamine B in blood samples and positive bands in whiskers. Abundant food was also available through grain spilt on the ground after harvest of the wheat and barley crops. There was some evidence of increased breeding on sites where water was added, but no effect of food or food and water in combination. Sites where free water was available had marginally higher populations over summer (∼2 more mice on average; P = 0.07). This difference was well below any biologically meaningful effect. Mice were 0.9 g heavier on sites where water was added (P = 0.04), and were in better condition (P = 0.03). The addition of high‐quality food did not affect mouse population dynamics, and the addition of water resulted in only marginal responses for some demographic characteristics. We conclude that other factors appear to be important for limiting mouse population growth in summer and autumn.

Chemiluminescence Determination of Sodium New Houttuyfonate in Pharmaceutical Preparations Based on Tween 80—Rhodamine B System

Strong chemiluminescence (CL) emission was observed when sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) was mixed with Tween 80 in sulfuric acid medium in the presence of rhodamine B. Base on this phenomenon, a sensitive flow injection-CL method for the determination of SNH was developed. Under the optimum conditions, the CL emission is linearly with SNH concentration in the range 8.0-4000 ng mL(-1), with a detection limit of 2.7 ng mL(-1) (3sigma). As a preliminary application, the proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of SNH in pharmaceutical preparations. The possible CL mechanism was also discussed in this paper.

LadR, a new PadR-related transcriptional regulator fromListeria monocytogenes, negatively regulates the expression of the multidrug efflux pump MdrL

The Listeria monocytogenes genome encodes putative multidrug efflux transporters but only the MdrL transporter has been partially characterized in the wild-type LO28 strain. Here, we show in the LO28 strain, that the expression of MdrL is repressed at the transcriptional level, under standard growth conditions, by the product of a new gene ladR (lmo1408), and the expression of MdrL is induced in the presence of rhodamine. Phylogenetic analysis in related firmicutes shows that LadR, conserved in all sequenced Listeria genomes, forms an independent group from the large and diverse PadR transcriptional regulator family (PF03551). This is the first report of a bacterial multidrug transporter controlled by a member of the PadR family.

One-pot synthesis of fluorescent porous aluminosilicate nanoparticles

Fluorescent mesoporous aluminosilicates nanoparticles were synthesized in one-pot procedure from precursors AlOiPr/TEOS/TEAOH in presence of Rhodamine B. They exhibit interesting mesoporous properties with narrow pore size distribution as well as excellent thermal and chemical stability. To cite this article: E. Gavilan et al., C. R. Chimie (8) 2005. Des aluminosilicates fluorescents et mésoporeux ont été préparés sous la forme de nanoparticules par une procédure en une étape à partir des précurseurs isopropoxyde d'aluminium/tetraéthoxysilane/hydrodroxyde de tétraéthylammonium (AlOiPr/TEOS/TEAOH) en présence de Rhodamine B. Leur morphologie, structures poreuse et moléculaire ont été caractérisées par microposcopie électronique à balayage, adsorption–désorption de gaz et résonance magnétique nucléaire. La concentration de chromophore introduite dans les particules colloïdales a été obtenue par analyse élémentaire. Finalement, les propriétés optiques statiques et dynamiques ont été étudiées par spectroscopie de fluorescence et mesure de durée de vie des états excités. Ces matériaux présentent des propriétés intéressantes de mésoporosité, avec une distribution de taille de pore étroite ainsi qu'une très bonne stabilité thermique et chimique. Les résultats obtenus par spectroscopie de fluorescence ainsi que les valeurs des durées de vie mettent en évidence le confinement des chromophores dans le solide. Ces propriétés optiques et chimiques permettent d'envisager pour ces matériaux des utilisations en tant que traceur. Pour citer cet article : E. Gavilan et al., C. R. Chimie (8) 2005.

Investigating the Effect of the Zwitterion/Lactone Equilibrium of Rhodamine B on the Cybotactic Region of the Acetonitrile/scCO2 Cosolvent

We investigated the effect of adding acetonitrile to supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) in the presence of rhodamine B. This spectroscopic investigation of the scCO(2)/acetonitrile, rhodamine B/scCO(2), and rhodamine B/acetonitrile interactions revealed that rhodamine B, which possesses a temperature dependent equilibrium between a zwitterionic form and a neutral form, had a strong affect on the cybotactic region. To confirm that this effect was only dependent upon the rhodamine B/acetonitrile interactions and not merely due to the bulk-phase behavior of the scCO(2), we measured the compressibility of the scCO(2)/acetonitrile mixture and found it to be independent of the acetonitrile concentration to less than approximately 0.047 mol fraction. We fit the compressibility data using the Peng-Robinson equation of state because it is most appropriate for fluids in the region between 1.72 and 12.45 MPa and between 313 and 333 K.

Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of dihydralazine sulphate based on permanganate oxidation sensitized by rhodamine B

A novel flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of dihydralazine sulphate (DHZS) is described. The method is based on the CL produced during the oxidation of DHZS by acidic permanganate solution in the presence of rhodamine B. Rhodamine B is suggested as a fluorescing compound for the energy-transferred excitation. The CL emission allows quantitation of DHZS concentration in the range 5-800 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 1.9 ng/mL (3sigma). The experimental conditions for the CL reaction are optimized and the possible reaction mechanism is discussed. The method has been applied to the determination of DHZS in pharmaceutical preparations and compares well with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.

Highly sensitive electrochemical luminescence determination of thiamine

A highly sensitive electrochemical luminescence (ECL) method has been developed for the determination of thiamine based on electrochemically oxidizing thiamine with rhodamine B as a sensitizer. A weak ECL signal of thiamine was electrochemically generated on a platinum electrode in an alkaline solution and strongly enhanced in the presence of rhodamine B. Under the condition of 0.10 mM rhodamine B, 6 mM CTMAB and 0.36 M sodium hydroxide, the response to the concentration of thiamine is linear range from 0.1 μg ml −1 to 2 μg ml −1 and a detection limit of 0.08 μg ml −1 can be achieved. This method has been successfully applied to the determination of thiamine in pharmaceutical preparations. The energy transfer ECL scheme is also postulated.

Determination of a non-ionic surfactant in aqueous environmental samples by flow-injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection

A flow-injection procedure for the determination of a commercially available fatty amine ethoxylate-based non-ionic surfactant in sea water over the range 0–50 mg l −1 is described. The procedure is based on measurement of the chemiluminescence emission resulting from oxidation of the tertiary amine group with sodium hypochlorite at pH 10.5 in the presence of Rhodamine B, which acts as a sensitizer.

Flow injection procedure for the determination of tertiary amines in water and sea water using chemiluminescence detection

A flow injection procedure for the determination of triethylamine in water and sea water over the range 1 × 10–5–1 × 10–2M is described, based on measurement of the chemiluminescence emission resulting from the oxidation of triethylamine by sodium hypochlorite at pH 11.0 in the presence of Rhodamine B as a sensitiser. The response to trimethylamine, tripropylamine, ethylamine and diethylamine is also reported and a possible reaction pathway considered.

Immunochemical studies of fibroblasts from patients with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase apoenzyme deficiency: detection of a mutation interfering with mitochondrial import.

Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (2-methylmalonyl-CoA CoA-carbonylmutase, EC 5.4.99.2) is a mitochondrial enzyme whose deficiency in man leads to several biochemically and clinically heterogenous++ forms of methylmalonic acidemia. Intact fibroblasts from 21 patients with mutase apoenzyme deficiency have been pulse-labeled with [3H]leucine or [35S]methionine to determine how amounts of newly synthesized mutase recovered from these cells by immunoprecipitation compare with the amounts of steady-state crossreacting material previously determined. Ten lines (3 mut-, 7 mut 0 ), previously shown to have detectable steady-state crossreacting material, had amounts of newly synthesized mutase that varied from similar (7 lines) to considerably greater than (3 lines) the steady-state amounts. Of 11 lines that had no detectable steady-state crossreacting material, 6 had no detectable newly synthesized mutase, and 5 had amounts of mutase ranging from just detectable to almost half that of control. This result suggests that, at least for this latter group, one effect of the mutation in the mutase gene is to reduce the stability of the mutase protein. We examined fibroblasts from 48 patients with mutase apoenzyme deficiency to determine the sizes of the mature mutase subunit and the mutase precursor accumulated in the presence of the mitochondrial transport inhibitor rhodamine 6G. Of the 38 lines that had detectable newly synthesized mutase, only 2, lines 437 and 552, showed a pattern different from that generated by the normal precursor and mature subunits. Line 437 had two immunoprecipitable precursor proteins in the presence of rhodamine, each of which appeared to be transported and processed in the cells to produce two distinct mature proteins. Line 552 also had two anti-mutase reactive proteins in the presence of rhodamine, but each was smaller than the normal mature subunit and neither appeared to be proteolytically processed. The defect in line 552 is almost certainly an amino-terminal deletion that removes the leader peptide necessary for proper uptake and cleavage of the mutase precursor; this represents a clear example of a natural human mutation that interferes with mitochondrial transport of a protein.

TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES TO DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH, ORGYIA PSEUDOTSUGATA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE): I. CONTACT AND FEEDING TOXICITY

AbstractThe toxicities of 14 insecticides to selected larval stages of the Douglas-fir tussock moth were determined with a laboratory spray chamber. The toxicities of 10 were also determined in feeding bioassays. Younger instars were, in general, more susceptible to the toxicants. Significant differences in population response from 1973 to 1977 precluded a rigid interpretation of relative toxicity values in relation to the standard for comparison, DDT. Spray volume, formulation, and the presence of rhodamine B dye significantly affected toxicities of two of the materials, carbaryl and trichlorfon. The degree of exposure of larvae to bioethanomethrin and carbaryl significantly affected mortality.

Some studies on photometric determination of gallium in highly pure indium

(1) When the absorption curves of Rhodamine B in 6 M HCl in the presence and in the absence of gallium were measured, no appreciable difference was detected. It may be reasonably concluded that gallium Rhodamine B complex dissociated almost completely in 6 M HCl. (2) The influence of the concentration of HCl on the extractability of gallium in the presence of Rhodamine B into a mixed solvent consisting of 6.5 volumes of benzene and 1 volume of methyl isobutyl ketone was examined. It was found that the extractability was the highest at 6 M HCl. (3) The value of distribution ratio of gallium between the mixed solvent and 6 M HCl was 14 and that between benzene and 6 M HCl was 0.56. (4) From the results of the measurements of the absorption curves of extracts and the extraction coefficients of indium it was concluded that interference of indium with the determination of gallium was caused by the fact that indium rhodamine B complex was extracted. into, the mixed solvent together with gallium Rhodamine B complex. (5) The distribution ratio of indium Rhodamine B complex between the mixed solvent and 6 M HCl was 29×10-2.

Chemiluminescent Reaction between Polyphenols and Ozone in Acetic Acid

Abstract The chemiluminescence of polyphenols with ozone in acetic acid was investigated in the presence and in the absence of rhodamine B. The emission intensity in the presence of rhodamine B (IM) was about 100–500 times as large as that in the absence of the dye (IP). From the measurement of the emission intensity vs. the reaction time, it was found that the time required to attain the peak intensity of IM is almost equal to that required to attain the peak of IP at equal concentration of polyphenol. A similarity was found in the spectral distributions of IM and the fluorescence emission of rhodamine B determined under comparable conditions. Rhodamine B was scarcely decomposed for the production of the enhanced emission; this lent support to the conclusion that the enhancement effect of rhodamine B is due to an energy-transfer from an excited species produced by the oxidation of polyphenols to the dye. Determining the changes in the absorption spectra during the luminescent reaction, we also found that the emission results not from the decomposition of polyphenols but from the decomposition of an intermediate compound. On the basis of these results, a reaction scheme was proposed. If the increment of the total light emitted by the enhancement effect, (Δ), is defined as: Δ = (Total light emitted in the polyphenol+rhodamine B system)−(Total light emitted in polyphenol alone)−(Total light emitted in rhodamine B alone), the scheme gave the following equation: Δ=A[R]0ln(1+[P]0⁄A[R]0) (1) where [R]0 and [P]0 are the initial concentrations of rhodamine B and polyphenols respectively. A is the parameter, depending upon the experimental conditions. The values of Δ calculated from Eq. (1) were in fairly good agreement with the measured values.

VITAL DYES AS MARKERS FOR BEHAVIORAL AND POPULATION STUDIES OF THE LARCH SAWFLY, PRISTIPHORA ERICHSONII (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE)

AbstractLarvae of the larch sawfly, Pristiphora erichsonii (Htg.), were fed foliage of tamarack, Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch, treated with solutions of the vital dyes, Nile blue sulphate, rhodamine B, and coriphosphine O, to determine their suitability as markers. Coriphosphine O was highly toxic at the concentrations administered but successful tagging was obtained with the other two dyes. Optimal dye retention and survival were obtained when larvae were fed for 3 days early in the last stadium using Nile blue sulphate and throughout the last stadium using rhodamine B.Both dyes persisted throughout development and were incorporated in the cocoons and the oviposited eggs. They could be readily seen in all stages except for the cocoons and for eggs that contained rhodamine B. The dyes could be detected in cocoons by treating them with cold KOH followed by ethanol. The presence of rhodamine B in the eggs could be ascertained by its yellow fluorescence in ultraviolet.The dyes incorporated in the cocoons are relatively stable and laboratory tests indicate they probably can withstand weathering under normal field conditions over a 1-year period.The use of these dyes for internal marking should prove useful in studying adult dispersal and flight range and as a technique for use in population studies of the larch sawfly.

Determination of the ion adsorption by the radioactive tracer technique

Using radioactive152Eu the adsorption of the Eu3+ ions on the surface of the silver iodide precipitates in the presence of rhodamine 6 G, strychnine and triton-X-305 (T-X-305) was studied. The effect of the desorption on rhodamine 6 G and strychnine is determined. The obtained results show that a complete desorption of the Eu ions is obtained if the concentration of these compounds is ten times lower than that needed for inorganic ions of the same valency. The effect of T-X-305 is opposite to that of the above mentioned compounds. It is also determined that by increasing the concentration of T-X-305 the adsorption of the Eu ions is enhanced, this being connected with the change of the dispersity of the system. The electron micrographs show that the change of the dispersity of the AgI particles is caused by various concentrations of T-X-305. It has been found that the adsorbed amount of the Eu ions depends upon the way of preparation of the AgI systems.