Abstract Introduction Sleep-related problems and pain affect millions of U.S. adults. Sleep-focused interventions improve both sleep and pain-related outcomes. However, pain can be a barrier to insomnia care due to perceptions that insomnia treatment may not be as effective in the presence of ongoing pain. This study evaluated whether pain severity and pain interference in daily life moderate the effects of behavioral treatments for insomnia on sleep outcomes (e.g., insomnia symptoms, perceived sleep quality, sleep effort, daytime sleepiness). Methods Secondary data analysis was conducted on a sample of 149 women veterans with insomnia disorder who completed either Cognitive Behavior Therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) or Acceptance and Behavioral Changes to treat Insomnia (ABC-I) treatment, both of which showed overall benefit in treating insomnia in women veterans. In the original study, sleep outcomes (ISI, PSQI, GSES, ESS), pain factors (BPI), and other outcomes were measured at baseline, posttreatment, and at 3-months follow-up. Linear and quadratic mixed effects models with random intercepts (subject-level) were conducted to examine the influence of treatment phase, pain-related severity and interference, and their interaction on sleep outcomes. Results All models were statistically significant (92.13≤Χ2≤519.55). No significant interactions were present between treatment phase and pain severity or interference in relation to sleep outcomes. Across analyses, treatment phase, both from baseline to posttreatment (-2.22≤b≤-8.31, p<.001) and from baseline to 3-month follow-up (-2.67≤b≤-8.17, p<.001), illustrated significant improvement of sleep quality outcomes. Conclusion Neither pain severity nor pain interference had a significant impact on outcomes of behavioral treatments for insomnia in women veterans. Findings have clinical implications in that they support the encouragement of individuals with co-morbid chronic pain and insomnia symptoms to engage in non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia disorder. Future research could expand on this study by including pain-related interventions concurrent with behavioral interventions for insomnia disorder. Support (if any) Data used was from an original project funded by VA/HSR&D IIR-HX002300 (PI: Martin), NIH/NHLBI K24HL143055 (PI: Martin). Dr. Erickson was supported by the VA Office of Academic Affiliations through the Advanced Fellowship Program in Geriatrics. Support was also provided by the VA Greater Los Angeles Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center.