Presence Of Nonlinear Thermal Radiation Research Articles

Numerical analysis on thermal control and irreversibility for 3D Casson hybrid nanofluid flow within two permeable stretching surfaces with interfacial nanolayer thickness and slip velocities

During the preparation of nanoparticles, the nanolayer thickness plays a vital role in further controlling the flow and thermal–physical features of the fluid. Features are observed to be more prominent in the presence of hybrid nanomaterials. In the present problem, the concomitant effects of the interfacial nanolayer of nanomaterials MWCNT and Fe 3 O 4 during a 3D Casson hybrid nanofluid flow between two parallel plates have been investigated. An appropriate transition is applied to rationalize the substantially paired and nonlinear governing equations. Equations after similarity transformation are processed by concerning the finite element method. Impressions of different governing parameters on the governing systems in conjunction with entropy and the Bejan number are displayed through graphs and tables. Graphs are drawn with an evaluation of general and hybrid nanofluids and different nanolayer thicknesses of nanoparticles. Three-dimensional features were observed for skin friction and the rate of heat transfer. The thermal impact is very significant in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and a heat source. After simulation, it is indicated that heat transfer rate disrupts with Biot number while it upgrades with heat generation. The entropy of the system is restricted with an increase in the magnetic and Brinkman numbers, while the Bejan number shows the opposite behavior with respect to those parameters. With an increase in the interfacial nanolayer thickness, the entropy of the system slows down.

MHD gyrotactic microorganisms upper convected Maxwell fluid flow in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation: numerical approach Lobatto IIIA technique

MHD gyrotactic microorganisms upper convected Maxwell fluid flow in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation: numerical approach Lobatto IIIA technique

Double-diffusive peristaltic MHD Sisko nanofluid flow through a porous medium in presence of non-linear thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, and Joule heating

This article studied a numerical estimation of the double-diffusive peristaltic flow of a non-Newtonian Sisko nanofluid through a porous medium inside a horizontal symmetric flexible channel under the impact of Joule heating, nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and heat generation/absorption in presence of heat and mass convection, considering effects of the Brownian motion and the thermophoresis coefficients. On the other hand, the long wave approximation was used to transform the nonlinear system of partial differential equations into a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations which were later solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method with shooting technique using MATLAB package program code. The effects of all physical parameters resulting from this study on the distributions of velocity, temperature, solutal concentration, and nanoparticles volume fraction inside the fluid were studied in addition to a study of the pressure gradients using the 2D and 3D graphs that were made for studying the impact of some parameters on the behavior of the streamlines graphically within the channel with a mention of their physical meaning. Finally, some of the results of this study showed that the effect of Darcy number Da and the magnetic field parameter M is opposite to the effect of the rotation parameter Omega on the velocity distribution whereas, the two parameters nonlinear thermal radiation R and the ratio temperature {theta }_{w} works on a decrease in the temperature distribution and an increase in both the solutal concentration distribution, and the nanoparticle's volume fraction. Finally, the impact of the rotation parameter Omega on the distribution of pressure gradients was positive, but the effect of both Darcy number Da and the magnetic field parameter M on the same distribution was negative. The results obtained have been compared with the previous results obtained that agreement if the new parameters were neglected and indicate the phenomenon's importance in diverse fields.

Entropy analysis of magneto-radiative SWCNT-MWCNT/H2O hybrid nanofluid flow with slip boundary conditions

In the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and heat source/sink, this paper investigates the impact of entropy generation and heat transfer on the flow of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/water (H 2 O) and SWCNT-multiwalled carbon nanotube (SWCNT-MWCNT)/water (H 2 O) hybrid nanofluids under the influence of a permeable stretching sheet. We also take into account the velocity slip and thermal slip boundary conditions. By using the correct similarity transformations, the nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations. The Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg method (RKF45) with the shot approach is then used to numerically solve the generated dimensionless model. It is also noticed that the frictional coefficient, local Nusselt number, temperature distribution, and fluid velocity are all significantly affected by the presence of SWCNT-MWCNT based hybrid nanofluid. Using the second law of thermodynamics, we can determine the total entropy production using Bejan number, which is very sensitive to the values of the nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic parameter, and radiation parameter. The results show that the skin friction coefficient decreases with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction and magnetic field, whereas the local Nusselt number increases due to heat radiation and increasing nanoparticle volume fraction. Furthermore, it is shown that the rate of heating/cooling of hybrid nanofluid is greater than that of mono nanofluid. Researchers have not made any efforts to optimise entropy using a SWCNT-MWCNT/H2O hybrid nanofluidmodel, taking into account the impacts of nonlinear thermal radiation and an external magnetic field, as well as the effects of velocity and thermal slip. After comparing the cooling and heating capabilities of mono and hybrid nanofluids, we can say that hybrid nanofluids are superior, and that their usage in the construction of efficient electromagnetic appliances is of the utmost importance.

Entropy generation on MHD Maxwell hybrid nanofluid over a Stretching cylinder with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux: Analytical and numerical simulations

In the present study, we examine the influence of entropy generation on Maxwell hybrid nanofluid over a cylinder in the presence of non-linear thermal radiation and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. In this model, we considered [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the nanoparticles which are suspended in the base fluid blood. The basic PDE’s (Partial differential equations) are transformed into ODE’s (Ordinary differential equations) by ensuring the suitable self-similarity transformations. ODEs are resolved using a Runge–Kutta 4th-order along with shooting procedure. Numerical method ( NM) and Homotopy perturbation method ( HPM) solutions for the nonlinear system are obtained so that they compared to each other for the case of cylinder. The HPM is developed for comparison purposes, and more accurate and reliable outcomes are illustrated through graphs. Moreover, the obtained results are compared with the existing literature and are found to be an excellent agreement. It is found that the fluid velocity reduces for the higher values of magnetic parameter. Higher values of the heat generation parameter improve the temperature profiles. Nusselt number decreases when developing Darcy–Forchheimer number and temperature time relaxation parameter. This type of flow problems may be utilized to improve the blood flow in the blood vessel has attracted the attention of physicians and biomedical researchers as it specializes in various treatments such as drug targeting, cell tissue engineering, cancer, hyperthermia and hypothermia.

Magneto-radiative gas near an unsmooth boundary with variable temperature

PurposeThis paper aims to study the magneto-radiative gas (water vapor) on an unsmooth boundary.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provided a numerical treatment via the implicit Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method to investigate unsteady compressible magneto-radiative gas (water vapor Pr = 1) flow near a heated vertical wavy wall through porous medium in the presence of inclined magnetic field. The impacts of viscous dissipation, temperature-dependent fluid properties, thermal conductivity and viscosity in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation are studied. The sinusoidal surface is transformed into a flat one using a suitable transformation. The comparison figures of published data with the present outcomes illustrate a good match. The present steady-state outcomes are presented for the temperature, velocity, Nusselt number and the shearing stress through figures for several interested physical parameters, namely, compressibility, magnetic, radiation, viscosity–temperature variation, thermal conductivity–temperature variation, surface sinusoidal waveform and porous parameters.FindingsThe present numerical outcomes confirm the importance of applying nonlinear thermal radiation cases in all studies that investigate heat transfer under the influence of thermal radiation.Originality/valueA mathematical model is established for a wavy boundary, and Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method is adopted for the numerical study.

MODELLING OF MHD VISCOELASTIC FLUID FLOW IN A CIRCULAR STRETCHING SHEET WITH SORET, DUFOUR AND ARRHENIUS ACTIVATION ENERGY

Analysis of steady, axisymmetric, hydromagnetic, viscoelastic fluid flow due to a circular sheet stretching radially has been made in presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, heat source, Arrhenius activation energy, Soret and Dufour effects. To study the viscoelastic fluid, Maxwell fluid model has been adopted. Governing simultaneous partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations. The ordinary differential equations are solved by using bvp4c method. The obtained results are shown graphically to illustrate the impact of pertinent physical parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, heat transfer and mass transfer.

Effects of non-linear radiation and chemical reaction on Oldroyd‐B nanofluid near oblique stagnation point flow

The oblique stagnation point flow of a viscoelastic nanofluid over a stretching cylinder is entertained in presence of non-linear thermal radiation and chemical reaction. Buongiorno's model is used to incorporate the significance of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusion. The governing partial differential equations in cylindrical polar coordinates are first transformed to system of ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations and dimensionless variables and then simulated numerically. Impact of interesting parameters on flow and heat transfer features is analyzed graphically and numerically. It is noticed that axial velocity increases with the retardation parameter while tangential velocity reduces. The magnitude of both axial and tangential velocities is large over stretching cylinder as compared to stretching sheet. Radiation parameter enhanced temperature profile and chemical reaction parameter rise the concentration profile.

Insight into the dynamics of micropolar fluid about a vertical cone when nonlinear thermal radiation is significant: The case of triple mixed convection

AbstractThis novel research investigates the nonlinear triple diffusive combined convective micropolar liquid flow past a vertical cone in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, cross‐diffusion, and a convective boundary condition. We aim to analyze this present problem using nonsimilar transformations. This report presents the significance of nonlinear mixed convection, energy flux due to the concentration gradient, and mass flux due to the temperature gradient and nonlinear thermal radiation in the dynamics of the fluid subject with micropolar fluid is presented. The differential equations defining the boundary‐layer parameters are then transformed into dimensionless view, taking into account the nonsimilar transformation. Furthermore, the method of quasilinearization and implicit finite difference approximation is used to work out the nondimensional governing equations for the solution. The velocity pattern diminishes, while dimensionless temperature and concentration distributions enhance with growing values of microrotation parameter. Furthermore, species concentrations of the fluid increase with increasing Soret effect values, while opposite results appear for mass transfer rates. Also, drag coefficient enhances for assisting buoyancy flow whilst diminishes for opposing buoyancy flow with increasing values of the microrotation parameter. The microrotation pattern reduces with growing values of the nonsimilarity characteristics. Furthermore, the Prandtl number is displayed on a comparison graph, and the results are very similar.

Unsteady MHD radiative-dissipative flow of Cu-Al[formula omitted]O[formula omitted]/H[formula omitted]O hybrid nanofluid past a stretching sheet with slip and convective conditions: A regression analysis

The current investigation is concerned with the study of unsteady laminar flow with heat and mass transfer of an incompressible and hydromagnetic Cu-Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluid near a nonlinearly permeable stretching sheet in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous-Ohmic dissipation and velocity slip. Further, the impacts of heat generation/absorption, chemical reaction, convective heat and mass conditions at the boundary are also considered. The prevailing model equations are converted into dimensionless form with the implementation of some suitable similarity transformations. A shooting technique along with Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method is used to develop the solutions for momentum, thermal and mass fields. The impingements of several controlling parameters on the velocity as well as heat and mass distributions are demonstrated and exhibited graphically. Also, the variations in the physical quantities like skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are delineated with the help of graphs. The analysis reveals that Hartree pressure gradient and wall velocity slip have the tendency to slow down the flow. On the other side, the velocity ratio parameter, thermal radiation and Biot number boost the fluid temperature. Furthermore, the regression analysis presents that skin-friction is more prone to the suction parameter than the Hartree pressure gradient while the Nusselt number is much sensitive to the radiation parameter as compared to the Eckert number. However, the Sherwood number is dominated by the solutal Biot number.

Numerical investigation on magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flow of micropolar Carreau nanofluid with nonlinear thermal radiation

The current work examines the behaviour of micropolar Carreau nanofluid flow past an infinite vertical plate with nonlinear thermal radiation. Magnetic field, heat source/sink, viscous dissipation, internal and Joule heating effects are considered. The governing equations are reframed and expressed in the non-dimensional form with appropriate dimensionless quantities to analyse the model. The nonlinear non-dimensional governing equations are solved numerically using finite difference approximation to acquire the solutions. Impact of involving flow controlling parameters on fluid flow, heat and mass transport characteristics are discussed and presented via tables and graphical illustrations. Our outcomes figured out that the fluid motion and angular velocity declines with greater magnetic parameter values, and reverse trend is observed for micropolar constant. Further, computational results depict that thermal distribution is a rising function of radiation parameter and high thermal performance is observed; that is, 10.45% more temperature distribution is noticed in presence of nonlinear thermal radiation.

Entropy optimized dissipative flow of hybrid nanofluid in the presence of non-linear thermal radiation and Joule heating

Present article reads three dimensional flow analysis of incompressible viscous hybrid nanofluid in a rotating frame. Ethylene glycol is used as a base liquid while nanoparticles are of copper and silver. Fluid is bounded between two parallel surfaces in which the lower surface stretches linearly. Fluid is conducting hence uniform magnetic field is applied. Effects of non-linear thermal radiation, Joule heating and viscous dissipation are entertained. Interesting quantities namely surface drag force and Nusselt number are discussed. Rate of entropy generation is examined. Bvp4c numerical scheme is used for the solution of transformed O.D.Es. Results regarding various flow parameters are obtained via bvp4c technique in MATLAB Software version 2019, and displayed through different plots. Our obtained results presents that velocity field decreases with respect to higher values of magnetic parameter, Reynolds number and rotation parameter. It is also observed that the temperature field boots subject to radiation parameter. Results are compared with Ishak et al. (Nonlinear Anal R World Appl 10:2909–2913, 2009) and found very good agreement with them. This agreement shows that the results are 99.99% match with each other.

Entropy generation applications in flow of viscoelastic nanofluid past a lubricated disk in presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and Joule heating

Entropy generation is the loss of energy in thermodynamical systems due to resistive forces, diffusion processes, radiation effects and chemical reactions. The main aim of this research is to address entropy generation due to magnetic field, nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, thermal diffusion and nonlinear chemical reaction in the transport of viscoelastic fluid in the vicinity of a stagnation point over a lubricated disk. The conservation laws of mass and momentum along with the first law of thermodynamics and Fick’s law are used to discuss the flow, heat and mass transfer, while the second law of thermodynamics is used to analyze the entropy and irreversibility. The numbers of independent variables in the modeled set of nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced using similarity variables and the resulting system is numerically approximated using the Keller box method. The effects of thermophoresis, Brownian motion and the magnetic parameter on temperature are presented for lubricated and rough disks. The local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are documented for both linear and nonlinear thermal radiation and lubricated and rough disks. Graphical representations of the entropy generation number and Bejan number for various parameters are also shown for lubricated and rough disks. The concentration of nanoparticles at the lubricated surface reduces with the magnetic parameter and Brownian motion. The entropy generation declines for thermophoresis diffusion and Brownian motion when lubrication effects are dominant. It is concluded that both entropy generation and the magnitude of the Bejan number increase in the presence of slip. The current results present many applications in the lubrication phenomenon, heating processes, cooling of devices, thermal engineering, energy production, extrusion processes etc.

Numerical treatment with Lobatto-IIIa scheme magneto-thermo-natural convection flow of casson nanofluid ([formula omitted]) configured by a stretching cylinder in porous medium with multiple slips

In biological instruments, medicines and agriculture, the agglomeration of nanofluids and biotechnological mechanisms can offer significant advantages. The nanofibers, nanowires, droplets are more useful in the field of nanotechnology. There is a significant demand for nanotechnology and one can expect that the future of these materials is very bright. Due to the different shapes and sizes of the nanomaterials, it is exemplified into various types. In one of them are carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These nanotubes are carbon allotropes. Carbon nanotubes are more practiced in the field of energy storage, optics, thermal stability, nanotubes transistors, and electromagnetic interference and in many areas. Keeping in such practical applications of nanotubes and nanofluid, we have scrutinized the magneto Casson nanofluid flow past a cylinder with carbon nanotubes (MWCNT and SWCNT). Here the sodium alginate is utilized as a regular fluid and nanoparticles MoS2 and Cu are dispersed in it. The impacts of multi slip behavior are considered in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation. Multi degree governing flow equations are remodeled by similarity transformation and then tackled via shooting algorithm with Lobatto-IIIa formula. The physical flow behaviors of interesting parameters against velocity and temperature field are elaborated in Figures using Matlab software. Results indicate that flow of fluid is decline with fluid parameter. Further, volume fraction of nanoparticles reduces the temperature. The study is relevant to efficient thermal transportation in heat exchangers and electronic appliances.

Features of 3D magneto-convective nonlinear radiative Williamson nanofluid flow with activation energy, multiple slips and Hall effect

In this article, the impacts of Hall current and Arrhenius activation energy on three-dimensional hydromagnetic Williamson nanofluid flow past a slendering stretching sheet in the presence of multiple slips, viscous dissipation, Joule heating and binary chemical reaction is analyzed. The presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and nonlinear mixed convection is also taken into consideration. The dimensional governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional ordinary differential equations by using some suitable similarity transformation. The resulting coupled and highly nonlinear boundary value problem is then solved numerically by shooting technique based on Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The behaviors of concentration, temperature and velocity distributions w.r.t. the various controlling parameters are illustrated graphically. However, the numerical values of local skin-friction coefficients, local heat and mass transfer rates are explained and presented in tabular form. Furthermore, a result validation is performed to check the accuracy and correctness of the obtained results by comparing the results with previously published results for some limited case of the present problem and an excellent agreement is found between the results.

Numerical solution of the partial differential equations that model the steady three‐dimensional flow and heat transfer of Carreau fluid between two stretchable rotatory disks

AbstractNon‐Newtonian fluids are significantly better on the heat transfer phenomenon than from Newtonian fluids, so they are helpful in air conditioner and heating and cooling devices. Blood, toothpaste, ketchup, paint, and so on are common non‐Newtonian fluids in our daily lives. Among other non‐Newtonian fluid models, Carreau fluid has gained much acceptance because of its unique features of shear thinning and shear thickening for various power‐law index ranges. Owing to the significance of Carreau fluid, a theoretical analysis has been performed here to investigate the steady three‐dimensional flow of Carreau fluid between two coaxially rotatory and stretching disks. The fluid is electrically conducting, and a uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the circulating disks. The heat transfer phenomenon is also analyzed in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, joule heating, and nonuniform heat source/sink subject to convective boundary conditions. With specific similarity transformation, the leading partial differential equations are diminished to ordinary differential equations and then tackled numerically through the Keller–Box scheme. It is concluded that with the increase in the disks rotation rate, the fluid velocities enhances whereas plummets for the magnetic parameter and predicts two diverse behaviors for Weissenberg number. The temperature escalates for the magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, temperature ratio parameter, Eckert number, heat source/sink parameters, and lower disk Biot number, but the temperature decays for rotation parameter, Prandtl number, and upper disk Biot number.

Effects of nonlinear thermal radiation over magnetized stagnation point flow of Williamson fluid in porous media driven by stretching sheet

AbstractIn this study, the stagnation point flow of a magnetized Williamson fluid past a stretching sheet in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and buoyancy effect is studied. The present situation is remodeled using similarity transformation that transforms the flow model of partial differential equations into the set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta scheme and shooting method are employed to solve these reduced equations. The effects of various associated parameters over the velocity and temperature profiles are plotted and the outcome of each associated parameter is discussed through graphs. The key findings are noted as follows: the velocity profile declines with an increase in the magnetic force number, and an increment in buoyancy parameter leads to the increase in the boundary layer thickness and decrease in the thickness of the thermal boundary layer.

Navier's slip effect on Carreau nanouid flow past a convectively heated wedge in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and magnetic field

In this article, an investigation is carried out for Carreau nanofluid flow past a convectively heated stretching wedge with Navier's velocity slip condition along with magnetic field effect. The presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating and suction influences are also taken into account. Rosseland's approximation is employed for approximating the radiative heat flux. The dimensional model equations are transformed into non-dimensional forms using some appropriate non-dimensional transformation and the resulting nonlinear boundary value problem is solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Cash-Karp method based shooting technique. The variations in velocity, temperature and concentration profiles with respect to various pertinent physical parameters are analyzed with the help of figures. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are explained and shown in the form of tables. Also, the obtained results are validated with the results existing in literature for some reduced case and an admirable agreement is noticed among the results.

Terrific effects of Ohmic-viscous dissipation on Casson nanofluid flow over a vertical thin needle: buoyancy assisting & opposing flow

Blood flow in the arteries is a common example of Casson fluid flow among other novel applications of this fluid model. This model finds application in various transformed delivery system and to design new medical devices for cell delivery to the central nervous system. In this study, the physical perspectives on 2D mixed convection flow of magnetized Casson nanofluid over a vertical moving thin needle in the presence of non-linear thermal radiation and heat source/sink effects has been investigated. The astonishing aspects of buoyancy assisting and opposing flow has also be analyzed in this achievement. The Buongiorno fluid model is employed for the impact of nanoparticles. Further, the Joule heating and viscous dissipation terms are incorporated in the energy equation. The Prandtl boundary layer governing equations are enclosed and solved numerically by utilizing Runge–Kutta Fehlberg 5th order (RKF-5) method. The infiltration of diverse material parameters for instance: Brownian motion, thermophoresis diffusion, thermal radiation, mixed convection, Eckert number, needle thickness and chemical reaction on velocity, temperature, concentration, friction factor and heat flux are exemplified qualitatively via graphical approach. Dual (first and second) solutions are examined within a particular range of needle thickness. Output demonstrate that reduction in needle thickness widen the range of dual solutions. It is found that the friction factor and heat transfer rates increases with the expansion of needle thickness. To the best of our knowledge, the problem provide a novel investigate direction and no such articles reported yet in the literature.

Impact of Temperature-Dependent Heat Source/Sink and Variable Species Diffusivity on Radiative Reiner–Philippoff Fluid

The principle aim of the current communication is to scrutinize the impact of distinguished effects like variable thermal conductivity and variable molecular diffusivity on non-Newtonian Reiner–Philippoff fluid moving over a stretchable surface. The process of heat transfer is carried out in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation, variable thermal conductivity, and heat generation/absorption. Furthermore, the study of mass transfer phenomena is carried out in the existence of variable molecular diffusivity. The PDEs regarding our model are renovated into ODEs by utilizing similarity transformation. Furthermore, the dimensionless model is tackled with the help of the RK4 method in conjunction with the shooting technique. The effects of different physical parameters that emerged during the numerical simulation on mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and velocity field are portrayed in the form of tables and graphs. It is noteworthy that an elevation in the heat source/sink parameters causes a reduction in the temperature profile. Moreover, a positive variation in the species diffusivity parameter augments the mass fraction field. A variation in the fluid parameter is found to be significantly affecting the shear thinning and shear thickening behaviour of the fluid. Reliability of the numerical outcomes is judged by comparing the obtained outcomes with the already available literature. The article is unique in its sense that the heat and mass transfer analysis of Reiner–Philippoff fluid under the aforementioned effects has not been investigated yet.