Presence Of Nickel Catalyst Research Articles

Etude de l'obtention d'enoxysilanes par action du triethylsilane sur des cetones enolisables, aliphatiques ou cyclaniques, en presence de catalyseurs au nickel

The preparion of alkoxysilanes and alkenoxysilanes has been achieved by the reaction of enolizable aliphatic or cyclic ketones with triethylsilane in the presence of nickel catalysts. For some catalysts, the reaction can be directed to give exclusively one or the other of these derivatives. The use of certain nickel catalysts gives very high yields of alkenoxysilanes, and this has been closely investigated.

Catalytic reductive cyclization of potassium salt of ethyl ester of o-nitrophenylpyruvic acid

In the presence of nickel catalysts, the reductive cyclization of the K salt of the ethyl ester of o-nitro-phenylpyruvic acid gives 2-carbethoxyindole, while 1-hydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid is obtained in the presence of ruthenium, and a mixture of 2-carbethoxyindole and 1-hydroxy-2-carbethoxyindole in the presence of either platinum or palladium.

Une famille nouvelle de composés: Les carbonates d'organosilyle

In the presence of nickel catalysts, the action of hydrosilanes on several linear or cyclic organic carbonates, leads with good yields to bis(triorganosilyl)carbonates ▪ of which we have studied a few properties. In an intermediate state a mixed carbonate ▪ can be isolated. These two species of compounds seem to have not yet been described 1 1 Dans une publication parue après le dépôt de cette note, Yamamoto et Tarbell signalent qu'ils ont obtenu quelques carbonates mixtes d'alkyle et d'organosilyle par une voie très différente. .

Studies on the Manufacture of Isoprene (2)

Studies on the synthesis of 2-methyl-1-butene as a raw material for isoprene by co-dimerization of ethylene and propylene were carried out. The co-dimerization process was composed of two steps. The former step, called the first reaction, was addition of propylene to TEA (triethyl aluminium), and the latter step, which was a reaction of ethylene with the first reaction products to form 2-methyl-1-butene and TEA, was called the second reaction.The yield of 2-methyl-1-butene actually was dependent on the first reaction step and its reaction temperature. The most suitable temperature seemed to be 160°C. At 190°C., it was too high for the co-dimerization because more byproducts were formed, whereas at 140°C the reaction rate was too low. The increase in propylene/TEA mole ratio prevented formation of C4-compounds but it could not surpress the C6-byproducts. While ethylene mingled with propylene decreased the yield of i-pentyl products in the first reaction step, propane as a contaminant of propylene did not.The second reaction proceeded smoothly at 100°C in the presence of nickel catalyst and selectivity and yield of isopentenes were not affected by the addition of propylene to ethylene.

Investigation of the conversion kinetics for hydrocarbons in the second stage of the vacuum hydrocracking of gas oil

1. From experiments on hydrocracking in the presence of nickel catalysts supported on an aluminosilicate and a zeolite, it has been established that the extent of feedstock conversion can be varied over wide limits by varying the temperature and space velocity of feedstock supply. 2. The features of feedstock conversion in the presence of both catalysts are similar. However, an equal degree of decomposition is achieved on the zeolite-supported catalyst at a temperature some 50°C lower than that for the aluminosilicate-supported catalyst. The apparent activation energy of the cracking reaction using a zeolite-supported catalyst is also appreciably lower than when using an aluminosilicate-supported catalyst. 3. The experimental results are represented satisfactorily by A. V. Frost's equation for inhibited unimolecular processes.

Studies of Organic Catalytic Reactions. IV. A Redox Reaction between Unsaturated Organic Compounds and Primary Alcohols in the Presence of Nickel Catalysts

Abstract Styrene, mesityl oxide, benzonitrile and nitrobenzene are reduced when heated with primary alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol and benzyl alcohol, in the presence of nickel catalysts. On the other hand, aldehydes are obtained by the dehydrogenation of the primary alcohols. The relative reactivity of the functional groups for the reduction is as follows: C=C>C≡N>NO2>C=O. The carbonyl group and the benzene nucleus can not be reduced under these reaction conditions. A selective reduction occurs in the reaction with mesityl oxide. The lower limit of the reaction temperature depends on the combination of the two species of the hydrogen donor (primary alcohol) and the acceptor compounds. The use of a large excess of alcohols for the reduction is effective in this redox reaction. In the reaction between styrene and benzyl alcohol, the ratio of the decreased amount of styrene to the increased amount of ethylbenzene is always 1 : 1, as determined by gas chromatographic analysis.

Change in the selectivity of the action of catalysts during the hydrogenation of the diene group. Communication 2. Modification of a nickel catalyst with cadmium

1. In the presence of nickel catalysts on carriers, 6-methylheptadiene-3,5-one-2 adds hydrogen both at the 3,4-double bond and at the 5,6-bond. The addition of cadmium changes the action of nickel catalysts: the double bond conjugated with the C=O group is selectively hydrogenated. 2. The amount of cadmium needed to impart selectivity to the catalyst depends on the nature and macrostructure of the carrier. 3. Modification with cadmium is explained by its orienting action, leading to conjugated hydrogenation of the C=C and C=O bonds of the enone group of the dienone according to the mechanism of 1,4-addition of hydrogen.

Amines from aldehydes derived from the ozonization of soybean esters

AbstractInvestigations were carried out on reductive amination of caproaldehyde, pelargonaldehyde and azelaaldehydate esters, obtainable from ozonolysis of soybean oil products, with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of nickel catalyst. A solvent system giving good yields of primary amine while suppressing amide formation was devised. Excess ammonia and homogeneous solutions suppressed secondary amine formation. Nonpolar solvents suppressed ammonolysis. Optimum conditions for reaction varied with the aldehyde.Excellent yields of hexylamine (91%), nonylamine (90%), methyl 9‐aminononanoate (92%) and butyl 9‐aminononanoate (93%) were obtained from caproaldehyde, pelargonaldehyde, methyl azelaaldehydate and butyl azelaaldehydate, respectively, when aminated in anhydrous ammonia and either cyclohexane or methyl cyclohexane.

Directed change in the selectivity of the action of catalysts in the process of hydrogenation of the dienone group Report 1. Hydrogenation of 6-methylheptadiene-3, 5-one-2 on nickel catalysts

1. The possibility of changing the selectivity of the action of a nickel catalyst in the process of hydrogenation of 6-methylheptadiene-3,5-one-2 was studied. 2. The hydrogenation proceeds nonselectively on skeletal nickel catalysts and in the presence of nickel catalysts on carriers: during the process of absorption of one mole of hydrogen two unsaturated ketones and a saturated ketone are formed. 3. It was proposed that the selective hydrogenation of the 3,4-double bond is accomplished by selective adsorption of dienone with the C=C-C=O group: by 1, 4-addition of hydrogen, or by direct hydrogenation of the 3, 4-double bond, in both cases with the participation of the C=O group. Considering this mechanism of hydrogenation and the catalytic peculiarities of zinc and cadmium, a composition of a Ni-ZnO-Cd catalyst was developed, in the presence of which the process occurs selectively: the 5,6-double bond is not hydrogenated. 4. The optimum conditions of the process, under which the yield of methylheptenone reaches 90% of the theoretical, were established. The proposed method of selective hydrogenation of dienone was checked on a continuous-action model setup.

Carbonylation of para dichlorobenzene

1. It was established that terephthalic and para-chlorobenzoic acids are formed in the carbonylation of para-dichlorobenzene in the presence of nickel catalysts. It was shown that under the optimum conditions the yields of terephthalic acid reached 25%, and those of para-para-chlorobenzoic acid-80% of theoretical. 2. It was shown that dimethyl terephthalate is formed in yields up to 67% of theoretical in the subsequent carbonylation of para-chlorobenzoic acid in the presence of methyl alcohol. 3. A supposition was made that the carbonylation of para-dichlorobenzene has a stepwise nature, in which para-chlorobenzoic acid is the intermediate product in the formation of terephthalic acid.

Synthesis of acetic acid from methanol and carbon monoxide in the vapour phase in presence of nickel catalysts at high pressures

Synthesis of acetic acid from methanol and carbon monoxide in the vapour phase in presence of nickel catalysts at high pressures

Study in Terpene Series. XI.1 The Dehydroxymethylation of Bicyclic Primary Terpenic Alcohols by Hydrogenolysis in the Presence of Nickel Catalysts2

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy in Terpene Series. XI.1 The Dehydroxymethylation of Bicyclic Primary Terpenic Alcohols by Hydrogenolysis in the Presence of Nickel Catalysts2V. N. Ipatieff, G. J. Czajkowski, and Herman PinesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 9, 4098–4101Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1951https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01153a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views210Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (519 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Reduction of Furfurol in the Presence of Nickel Catalyst

Reduction of Furfurol in the Presence of Nickel Catalyst

Influence of Temperature on Reaction Velocity of Thermal Polymerisation of Acetylene Gas in Presence of Nickel Catalyst

Influence of Temperature on Reaction Velocity of Thermal Polymerisation of Acetylene Gas in Presence of Nickel Catalyst

高度不飽和酸の水素添加に關する研究(第一報)ニッケル觸媒に依る高度不飽和酸メチル・エステルの水素添加の經過に就て

高度不飽和酸の水素添加に關する研究(第一報)ニッケル觸媒に依る高度不飽和酸メチル・エステルの水素添加の經過に就て

Additions and Corrections - Critical Potentials of Hydrogen in the Presence of Nickel Catalyst

Additions and Corrections - Critical Potentials of Hydrogen in the Presence of Nickel Catalyst