Presence Of Breast Implants Research Articles

Do breast implants not cause an increased rate of abnormal electrocardiograms (ECG)?

BackgroundBreast implants interfere may interfere with surface ECG recording. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the presence of breast implants can lead to abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) using a large database in adults. MethodsUsing ICD 10 codes for breast implants and abnormal ECG, we evaluated any association between abnormal ECG coding in adult women with breast implants compared to women without breast implants utilizing the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Using different age cutoffs showed similar results. ResultsA total of 252,200 women in the NIS database had coding for abnormal EKG over age 18. There were no differences in the presence of abnormal EKG in women with or without breast implants (0.28% vs 0.3%, P = 0.64, OR: 1.02, CI: 0.72–1.32, p = 0.89). After multivariate adjustment for age, baseline characteristics, and comorbid conditions, women with or without breast implants had similar rates of abnormal ECG. ConclusionUsing a large database, we could not find any effect of breast implants on ECG recording suggesting that breast implant has no significant interference with ECG.

Integrative Review on Silicone Breast Implants and ASIA Syndrome: What is the relationship?

OBJECTIVE: The study aims to indicate the correlation between breast implants and the occurrence of ASIA Syndrome. METHODOLOGY: The articles were selected from the PubMed database, published between 2016 and 2021. The research used the Health Science Descriptors (DeCS) and their synonyms, in English: breast implants, silicones, autoimmune diseases and rheumatic diseases . RESULTS: Despite the divergent results between the studies analyzed, in most cases the correlation is evident between breast implants and the occurrence of autoimmune diseases. DISCUSSION: ASIA syndrome is involved as an adjuvant factor for the development of autoimmunity, as there is an exacerbation of the immunological response, with the release of cytokines and defense cells in the body with the presence of breast implants. The diagnosis is made based on the patient's symptoms and past history, in which there are characteristic symptoms. The main treatment is the extraction of breast implants. There is an important correlation between low vitamin D levels and ASIA syndrome, in addition to the presence of other autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION: Breast implants can be an adjuvant for the occurrence of ASIA syndrome, being reaffirmed by the improvement factors after silicone removal.

Errors in Mammography Cannot be Solved Through Technology Alone

Mammography has been the frontline screening tool for breast cancer for decades. However, high error rates in the form of false negatives (FNs) and false positives (FPs) have persisted despite technological improvements. Radiologists still miss between 10% and 30% of cancers while 80% of woman recalled for additional views have normal outcomes, with 40% of biopsied lesions being benign. Research show that the majority of cancers missed is actually visible and looked at, but either go unnoticed or are deemed to be benign. Causal agents for these errors include human related characteristics resulting in contributory search, perception and decision-making behaviours. Technical, patient and lesion factors are also important relating to positioning, compression, patient size, breast density and presence of breast implants as well as the nature and subtype of the cancer itself, where features such as architectural distortion and triple-negative cancers remain challenging to detect on screening. A better understanding of these causal agents as well as the adoption of technological and educational interventions, which audits reader performance and provide immediate perceptual feedback, should help. This paper reviews the current status of our knowledge around error rates in mammography and explores the factors impacting it. It also presents potential solutions for maximizing diagnostic efficacy thus benefiting the millions of women who undergo this procedure each year.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and breast implants: breaking down the evidence.

Systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a distinct disease classification provisionally sub-divided into ALCL, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)(+) and ALCL, ALK(-) entities. More recently, another category of ALCL has been increasingly reported in the literature and is associated with the presence of breast implants. A comprehensive review of the 71 reported cases of breast implant associated ALCL (iALCL) is presented indicating the apparent risk factors and main characteristics of this rare cancer. The average patient is 50 years of age and most cases present in the capsule surrounding the implant as part of the periprosthetic fluid or the capsule itself on average at 10 years post-surgery suggesting that iALCL is a late complication. The absolute risk is low ranging from 1:500,000 to 1:3,000,000 patients with breast implants per year. The majority of cases are ALK-negative, yet are associated with silicone-coated implants suggestive of the mechanism of tumorigenesis which is discussed in relation to chronic inflammation, immunogenicity of the implants and sub-clinical infection. In particular, capsulotomy alone seems to be sufficient for the treatment of many cases suggesting the implants provide the biological stimulus whereas others require further treatment including chemo- and radiotherapy although reported cases remain too low to recommend a therapeutic approach. However, CD30-based therapeutics might be a future option.

No difference in dose distribution in organs at risk in postmastectomy radiotherapy with or without breast implant reconstruction

The aim of this study was to quantify the variation in doses to organs at risk (ipsilateral lung and heart) and the clinical target volume (CTV) in the presence of breast implants. In this retrospective cohort study, patients were identified through the National Breast Cancer Register. Consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy between 2009 and 2011 and completing a full course of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) were eligible. All included patients (n = 818) were identified in the ARIA© oncology information system and further stratified for immediate breast reconstruction (IBR+, n = 162) and no immediate breast reconstruction (IBR-, n = 656). Dose statistics for ipsilateral lung, heart and CTV were retrieved from the system. Radiation plans for patients with chest wall (CW) only (n = 242) and CW plus lymph nodes (n = 576) irradiation were studied separately.The outcome variables were dichotomized as follows: lung, V20Gy ≤ 30% vs. V20Gy > 30%; heart, Dmean ≤ 5 Gy vs. Dmean > 5 Gy; CTV, V95% ≥ median vs. V95% < median.In the univariate and multivariate regression models no correlation between potential confounders (i.e. breast reconstruction, side of PMRT, CW index) and the outcome variables was found. Multivariate analysis of CW plus lymph nodes radiation plans, for example, showed no association of breast reconstruction with dosimetric outcomes in neither lung nor heart- lung V20Gy (odds ratio [OR]: 0.6, 95%CI, 0.4 to 1.0, p = 0.07) or heart Dmean (OR: 1.2, 95%CI, 0.5 to 3.1, p = 0.72), respectively.CTV was statistically significantly larger in the IBR+ group (i.e. included breast implant), but no correlation between the implant type and dosimetric characteristics of the organs at risk was revealed.In the current study, the presence of breast implants during postmastectomy radiotherapy was not associated with increased doses to ipsilateral lung and heart, but CTV definition and its dosimetric characteristics urge further evaluation.

The periprosthetic capsule and connective tissue diseases: a piece in the puzzle of autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants

Breast prostheses have been criticized for being responsible for triggering systemic autoimmune disease. The presence of breast implants causes a natural foreign body reaction characterized by the infiltration of macrophages and T-cells. Using PubMed, Medline and eMedicine, we performed a systematic literature review on the stages of periprosthetic capsule formation and cells involved in order to understand which immunological pathways could be responsible for giving rise to, and the development of, connective tissue disease such as systemic sclerosis. We focused on the relationship between tissue growth factor-β, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and T helper 17 or T regulatory cells, as well as on their effects on the different steps of capsular tissue formation. A disturbance in the modulation of these key cytokines may be responsible, in susceptible individuals, for a perpetuation of the inflammatory reaction which can locally lead to capsular contracture and at the systemic level may contribute to triggering autoimmune diseases.

Infraareolar access for thoracoscopic sympathectomy to treat primary hyperhidrosis

We herein present a new technique for performing thoracoscopic sympathectomy to treat primary hyperhidrosis in both genders and all ages through the mammary infraareolar access associated with the axillary access. We believe that these points of access are feasible and safe, and result in an excellent cosmetic outcome without compromising the efficacy of the thoracoscopic sympathectomy. The existence of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura, the presence of large breasts, and lactation made it difficult to perform the surgery, but did not make it impossible to apply the technique using the infraareolar access. However, the presence of breast implants is a contraindication for the new access.

Mammography and breast implants

Mammography in the presence of breast implants is complicated by the opacity of the implants, the displacement of breast tissue by the implant, and the presence of secondary changes such as calcification within a fibrous capsule. A special technique of mammography, known as the displacement technique, has been developed by Eklund in the USA, where it is widely used. The displacement technique of X-ray mammography has been shown to provide superior results to the standard compression method. We conducted a telephone survey of 23 mammography units in order to assess mammographic practice in the United Kingdom for the patient with breast implants. We found a wide variation in practice. There was a general lack of awareness of the displacement technique and of its advantages. Only 4 mammography units in our sample (17.4 %) used the displacement technique.