Presence Of Acetate Research Articles

Synthesis and characterization of novel photoactive poly(ether-amide)s based on highly substituted phenanthrimidazole

A new aromatic diamine monomer containing ether linkage based on the phenanthrimidazole ring, ‎1,1´-(4,4´- oxy bis(1,4-phenylene))bis(2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole) was synthesized through four-‎components condensation of 4,4´-diamino diphenyl ether, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, phenanthrene-9,10-dione and ammonium ‎acetate in presence of acetic acid, followed by palladium-catalyzed hydrazine monohydrate reduction. This new monomer ‎was further confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A series of new aromatic polyamides containing ‎phenanthrimidazole ring in the main chain was prepared by direct polycondensation of the prepared diamine with four ‎commercially available aromatic and aliphatic diacids. These polymers are essentially amorphous and were soluble in polar ‎aprotic solvents such as DMF, NMP, DMAc, and DMSO. Inherent viscosities of polyamides were in the range 0.42–0.53 ‎dL/g indicating the formation of medium molecular weight polymers. Polyamides exhibited glass-transition temperature (Tg) in ‎the range 260-280 °C. The 10% weight loss temperature in air atmosphere measured by TGA was in the range 454-526 °C ‎indicating their good thermal stabilities. The photophysical properties of diamine and polyamides were investigated by UV-Vsible and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Cyclic decomposition explains a photosynthetic down regulation for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

The regulation of metabolic networks has been shown to be distributed and shared through the action of metabolic cycles. Biochemical cycles play important roles in maintaining flux and substrate availability for multiple pathways to supply cellular energy and contribute to dynamic stability. By understanding the cyclic and acyclic flows of matter through a network, we are closer to understanding how complex dynamic systems distribute flux along interconnected pathways. In this work, we have applied a cycle decomposition algorithm to a genome-scale metabolic model of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to analyse how acetate supply affects the distribution of fluxes that sustain cellular activity. We examined the role of metabolic cycles which explain the down regulation of photosynthesis that is observed when cells are grown in the presence of acetate. Our results suggest that acetate modulates changes in global metabolism, with the pentose phosphate pathway, the Calvin-Benson cycle and mitochondrial respiration activity being affected whilst reducing photosynthesis. These results show how the decomposition of metabolic flux into cyclic and acyclic components helps to understand the impact of metabolic cycling on organismal behaviour at the genome scale.

Characterization of light-dependent hydrogen production by new green microalga Parachlorella kessleri in various conditions

Nowadays, hydrogen (H2) production by green microalgae seems to be a very perspective, as stocks of water and solar energy are practically inexhaustible and renewable. The aim of this study was the optimization of conditions (organic carbon sources and lighting regime), which can provide light-dependent H2 production by green microalga Parachlorella kessleri RA-002 newly isolated in Armenia. The results indicated that carbon sources and lighting regimes affected H2 production. In the presence of used carbon sources H2 production was observed, but the highest yield of H2 was obtained in the presence of acetate. It was 2-fold higher than the H2 yield determined in the presence of glucose. The increase of H2 production might be connected with the stimulation of H2-producing enzyme – [Fe]-hydrogenase synthesis. The data obtained show that acetate can be used as an effective carbon source in H2 production. H2 production by microalga (in the presence of acetate and glucose) was enhanced by 1.5–2.5-fold in comparison with continuously illuminated algal cells, when P. kessleri was illuminated during 24h, and then was moved in the darkness. H2 yield increase is possible due to hydrogenase activation and the creation of anaerobic conditions. This study was significant to find out available effective substrates and optimal lighting regime to provide with light-dependent H2 production by microalgae.

Acetate-assisted increase of butyrate production by Eubacterium limosum KIST612 during carbon monoxide fermentation

The acetate-assisted cultivation of Eubacterium limosum KIST612 was found to provide a way for enhancing cell mass, the carbon monoxide (CO) consumption rate, and butyrate production using CO as an electron and energy source. Cell growth (146%), μmax (121%), and CO consumption rates (151%) increased significantly upon the addition of 30mM acetate to microbial cultures. The main product of CO fermentation by E. limosum KIST612 shifted from acetate to butyrate in the presence of acetate, and 5.72mM butyrate was produced at the end of the reaction. The resting cell experimental conditions indicated acetate uptake and an increase in the butyrate concentration. Three routes to acetate assimilation and energy conservation were suggested based on given experimental results and previously genome sequencing data. Acetate assimilation via propionate CoA-transferase (PCT) was expected to produce 1.5mol ATP/mol butyrate, and was thus anticipated to be the most preferred route.

When Glass and Metal Corrode Together, V: Sodium Copper Formate

ABSTRACTA sodium copper formate, first described in 2002, can also form on copper alloys with sodium originating from soda glass hydrolysis. The frequent occurrence (50% of 250 cases of glass-induced metal corrosion) is due to the presence of formaldehyde emissions in storage and its direct reaction to formate in the alkaline surface films. The compound can be produced without the presence of acetate when chalconatronite or metal coupons immersed in soda solution are exposed to formaldehyde vapours. The crystal structure, derived from X-ray powder diffraction, yielded the sum formula Cu4Na4O(HCOO)8(OH)2·4H2O. Except for the absence of acetate in the structure, this is in good agreement with the 2002 publication. To assess which kind of combined glass/metal objects are affected, a number of large museum collections were surveyed. Sodium copper formate was detected as a corrosion product using mainly micro-Raman spectroscopy, for instance, on 18 painted Limoges enamels, eight glass vessels with metal mountings, glass beads on metal wire from 11 bridal crowns, nine Christmas tree balls with wire decoration, 40 pieces of jewellery with glass gems, three daguerreotypes, and one miniature with cover glasses.

Synthesis, vibrational spectrometry and thermal characterizations of coordination polymers derived from divalent metal ions and hydroxyl terminated polyurethane as ligand

A series of novel coordination polyurethanes [HTPU-M, where M=Mn(II) ‘d5’, Ni(II) ‘d8’, and Zn(II) ‘d10’] have been synthesized to investigate the effect of divalent metal ions coordination on structure, thermal and adsorption properties of low molecular weight hydroxyl terminated polyurethane (HTPU). HTPU-M have been synthesized in situ where, OH group of HTPU (synthesized by the condensation polymerization reaction of ethylene glycol (EG) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in presence of catalyst) on condensation polymerization with metal acetate in presence of acid catalyst synthesized HTPU-M followed by coordination of metal ions with hetero atoms. The structure, composition and geometry of HTPU-M have been confirmed by vibrational spectrometry (FTIR), 1H NMR, elemental analysis and UV–Visible spectroscopy. Morphological structures of HTPU-M were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM) techniques. The thermal degradation pattern and thermal stability of HTPU-M in comparison to HTPU was investigated by thermal-gravimetric (TG)/differential thermal (DT), analyses along with Integral procedure decomposition temperature (IPDT) by Doyle method. The molecular weight of HTPU was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The preliminary adsorption/desorption studies of HTPU-M for Congo red (CR) was studied by batch adsorption techniques.The results indicated that HTPU-M have amorphous, layered morphology with higher number of nano-sized grooves in comparison to HTPU. Coordination of metal to HTPU plays a key role in enhancing the thermal stability [HTPU-Ni(II)>HTPU-Mn(II)>HTPU-Zn(II)>HTPU]. The HTPU-M can be utilized for industrial waste water treatment by removing environmental pollutants.

MiRNAs in the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are not phylogenetically conserved and play a limited role in responses to nutrient deprivation

The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains many types of small RNAs (sRNAs) but the biological role(s) of bona fide microRNAs (miRNAs) remains unclear. To address their possible function(s) in responses to nutrient availability, we examined miRNA expression in cells cultured under different trophic conditions (mixotrophic in the presence of acetate or photoautotrophic in the presence or absence of nitrogen). We also reanalyzed miRNA expression data in Chlamydomonas subject to sulfur or phosphate deprivation. Several miRNAs were differentially expressed under the various trophic conditions. However, in transcriptome analyses, the majority of their predicted targets did not show expected changes in transcript abundance, suggesting that they are not subject to miRNA-mediated RNA degradation. Mutant strains, defective in sRNAs or in ARGONAUTE3 (a key component of sRNA-mediated gene silencing), did not display major phenotypic defects when grown under multiple nutritional regimes. Additionally, Chlamydomonas miRNAs were not conserved, even in algae of the closely related Volvocaceae family, and many showed features resembling those of recently evolved, species-specific miRNAs in the genus Arabidopsis. Our results suggest that, in C. reinhardtii, miRNAs might be subject to relatively fast evolution and have only a minor, largely modulatory role in gene regulation under diverse trophic states.

Non-autotrophic methanogens dominate in anaerobic digesters

Anaerobic digesters are man-made habitats for fermentative and methanogenic microbes, and are characterized by extremely high concentrations of organics. However, little is known about how microbes adapt to such habitats. In the present study, we report phylogenetic, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic analyses of microbiomes in thermophilic packed-bed digesters fed acetate as the major substrate, and we have shown that acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens that utilize acetate as a carbon source dominate there. Deep sequencing and precise binning of the metagenomes reconstructed complete genomes for two dominant methanogens affiliated with the genera Methanosarcina and Methanothermobacter, along with 37 draft genomes. The reconstructed Methanosarcina genome was almost identical to that of a thermophilic acetoclastic methanogen Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1, indicating its cosmopolitan distribution in thermophilic digesters. The reconstructed Methanothermobacter (designated as Met2) was closely related to Methanothermobacter tenebrarum, a non-autotrophic hydrogenotrophic methanogen that grows in the presence of acetate. Met2 lacks the Cdh complex required for CO2 fixation, suggesting that it requires organic molecules, such as acetate, as carbon sources. Although the metagenomic analysis also detected autotrophic methanogens, they were less than 1% in abundance of Met2. These results suggested that non-autotrophic methanogens preferentially grow in anaerobic digesters containing high concentrations of organics.

A comprehensive analysis of myocardial substrate preference emphasizes the need for a synchronized fluxomic/metabolomic research design.

The heart oxidizes fatty acids, carbohydrates, and ketone bodies inside the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to generate the reducing equivalents needed for ATP production. Competition between these substrates makes it difficult to estimate the extent of pyruvate oxidation. Previously, hyperpolarized pyruvate detected propionate-mediated activation of carbohydrate oxidation, even in the presence of acetate. In this report, the optimal concentration of propionate for the activation of glucose oxidation was measured in mouse hearts perfused in Langendorff mode. This study was performed with a more physiologically relevant perfusate than the previous work. Increasing concentrations of propionate did not cause adverse effects on myocardial metabolism, as evidenced by unchanged O2 consumption, TCA cycle flux, and developed pressures. Propionate at 1 mM was sufficient to achieve significant increases in pyruvate dehydrogenase flux (3×), and anaplerosis (6×), as measured by isotopomer analysis. These results further demonstrate the potential of propionate as an aid for the correct estimation of total carbohydrate oxidative capacity in the heart. However, liquid chromotography/mass spectroscopy-based metabolomics detected large changes (~30-fold) in malate and fumarate pool sizes. This observation leads to a key observation regarding mass balance in the TCA cycle; flux through a portion of the cycle can be drastically elevated without changing the O2 consumption.

Identification and Synthesis of Mycalol Analogues with Improved Potency against Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines.

The marine metabolite mycalol (1) has a specific inhibitory activity on cells of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), a very aggressive and rare cancer that does not have effective conventional therapy. In this study, we describe six new related analogues (2-7) that differ in the length of the terminal alkyl residue and the presence of acetate or 3S-hydroxybutyrate (3S)-3HB as a substituent at C-19. Despite the structural analogies, some of the new members were significantly more cytotoxic than 1 on cell lines derived from human ATC. Structures inclusive of the 2'R,3R,4S,7R,8S,19R absolute configuration were assigned to 2-7 on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, synthesis of different isomers, and application of ECD and Mosher's methods. This work led to the identification of mycalol-578 (3) as the most potent analogue, with an IC50 of 2.3 μM on FRO cells.

A Four Components, One-Pot Synthesis of New Imidazole Molecular Tweezers Based on 2,4,6-Triarylpyridine as Hinge Region

In the present study, some new bis-imidazole derivatives have been prepared through four-components condensation of 2,6-bis (4-aminophenyl)-4-p-tolylpyridine, benzaldehyde derivatives, benzil and ammonium acetate in presence of acetic acid. The present methodology offers several advantages such as good yields, simple procedure, milder conditions and the possibility of introducing a variety of substituents at different positions of the imidazole and pyridine rings. These new compounds were confirmed by spectral methods 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and elemental. Also, optimized geometries and chemical shifts have been calculated for the ‎synthesized compounds using Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. Their optimized ‎geometries are not planar.‎

Highly efficient and simple protocol for synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives from benzil using fluorinated graphene oxide as effective and reusable catalyst

Efficient synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives with simple workup is described using benzil, different aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in presence of fluorinated graphene oxide (A-MFGO) as effective catalyst that can be easily recovered and reused for several times without significant loss in activity. The simple preparation of the catalyst, short reaction time, mild conditions, high yield, and low cost make this procedure economically attractive and highly suitable for synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives.

The protein expression landscape of mitosis and meiosis in diploid budding yeast

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an established model organism for the molecular analysis of fundamental biological processes. The genomes of numerous strains have been sequenced, and the transcriptome and proteome ofmajor phases during the haploid and diploid yeast life cycle have been determined. However, much less is known about dynamic changes of the proteome when cells switch from mitotic growth to meiotic development. We report a quantitative protein profiling analysis of yeast cell division and differentiation based on mass spectrometry. Information about protein levels was integrated with strand-specific tiling array expression data. We identified a total of 2366 proteins in at least one condition, including 175 proteins showing a statistically significant>5-fold change across the sample set, and 136 proteins detectable in sporulating but not respiring cells. We correlate protein expression patterns with biological processes and molecular function by Gene Ontology term enrichment, chemoprofiling, transcription interference and the formation of double stranded RNAs by overlapping sense/antisense transcripts. Our work provides initial quantitative insight into protein expression in diploid respiring and differentiating yeast cells. Critically, it associates developmentally regulated induction of antisense long noncoding RNAs and double stranded RNAs with fluctuating protein concentrations during growth and development. Biological significanceThis integrated genomics analysis helps better understand how the transcriptome and the proteome correlate in diploid yeast cells undergoing mitotic growth in the presence of acetate (respiration) versus meiotic differentiation (Meiosis I and II). The study (i) provides quantitative expression data for 2366 proteins and their cognate mRNAs in at least one sample, (ii) shows strongly fluctuating protein levels during growth and differentiation for 175 cases, and (iii) identifies 136 proteins absent in mitotic but present in meiotic yeast cells. We have integrated protein profiling data using mass spectrometry with tiling array RNA profiling data and information on double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) by overlapping sense/antisense transcripts from an RNA-Sequencing experiment. This work therefore provides quantitative insight into protein expression during cell division and development and associates changing protein levels with developmental stage specific induction of antisense transcripts and the formation of dsRNAs.

Improved growth rate in Clostridium thermocellum hydrogenase mutant via perturbed sulfur metabolism

Background Metabolic engineering is a commonly used approach to develop organisms for an industrial function, but engineering aimed at improving one phenotype can negatively impact other phenotypes. This lack of robustness can prove problematic. Cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum is able to rapidly ferment cellulose to ethanol and other products. Recently, genes involved in H2 production, including the hydrogenase maturase hydG and NiFe hydrogenase ech, were deleted from the chromosome of C. thermocellum. While ethanol yield increased, the growth rate of ΔhydG decreased substantially compared to wild type.ResultsAddition of 5 mM acetate to the growth medium improved the growth rate in C. thermocellum ∆hydG, whereas wild type remained unaffected. Transcriptomic analysis of the wild type showed essentially no response to the addition of acetate. However, in C. thermocellum ΔhydG, 204 and 56 genes were significantly differentially regulated relative to wild type in the absence and presence of acetate, respectively. Genes, Clo1313_0108-0125, which are predicted to encode a sulfate transport system and sulfate assimilatory pathway, were drastically upregulated in C. thermocellum ΔhydG in the presence of added acetate. A similar pattern was seen with proteomics. Further physiological characterization demonstrated an increase in sulfide synthesis and elimination of cysteine consumption in C. thermocellum ΔhydG. Clostridium thermocellum ΔhydGΔech had a higher growth rate than ΔhydG in the absence of added acetate, and a similar but less pronounced transcriptional and physiological effect was seen in this strain upon addition of acetate.ConclusionsSulfur metabolism is perturbed in C. thermocellum ΔhydG strains, likely to increase flux through sulfate reduction to act either as an electron sink to balance redox reactions or to offset an unknown deficiency in sulfur assimilation.

Microbial polychlorinated biphenyl dechlorination in sediments by electrical stimulation: The effect of adding acetate and nonionic surfactant

The necessity for developing an efficient and cost-effective in situ bioremediation technology for sediments contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has prompted the application of low-voltage electrical fields to anaerobic digestion systems. Here we show that the use of a sediment-based bio-electrochemical reactor (BER) poised at a potential of -0.50V (vs. a standard calomel electrode, SCE) substantially enhanced the reduction of 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 61) when acetate was added as a carbon source. The addition of surfactant Tween 80 to the BER further accelerated the PCB 61 transformation. The comparative study of closed- and open-circuit reactors demonstrated the enrichment conditions affecting the bacterial community structure, the dominant dechlorination metabolisms, and thus the extent, the rate and the products of the reduction of PCBs. The dominant bacterial dechlorinators detected in the BERs in the presence of acetate and Tween 80 are Dehalogenimonas, Dehalobacter, Sulfuricurvum, Dechloromonas and Geobacter, which should be responsible for PCB dechlorination. This study improves understanding of the key factors influencing dechlorination activity in sediment-based BERs polarized at a low potential, as well as the metabolic mechanisms dominating in the PCB dechlorination process.

Synthesis, characterization and thermal studies of silver nanoparticles-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes modified with (2E)-3-{3-[(Z)-naphthalen-1-yldiazenyl] phenyl} prop-2-enoic acid

A photoactive system, (2E)-3-{3-[(Z)-naphthalen-1-yldiazenyl] phenyl} prop-2-enoic acid, was synthesized and incorporated on to beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) core through esterification of the hydroxyl groups of β-CD with the free carboxyl moiety of the chromophoric system by DCC coupling. The silver nanoparticle was synthesized by the reduction reaction executed on silver acetate in presence of dodecyl amine. The silver nano particles were dispersed in β-CD aggregates modified with photoactive system by phase transfer mechanism. The products were characterized by elemental analysis, melting point determination, UV–visible, FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) spectral methods and SEM and TGA-DTG thermal studies. The thermal studies shows that the silver nanoparticle dispersed functionally modified beta cyclodextrin exhibited enhanced thermal stability compared to the functionalised β-CD.

Lactate- and acetate-based cross-feeding interactions between selected strains of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and colon bacteria in the presence of inulin-type fructans

Cross-feeding interactions were studied between selected strains of lactobacilli and/or bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing colon bacteria that consume lactate but are not able to degrade inulin-type fructans (ITF) in a medium for colon bacteria (supplemented with ITF as energy source and acetate when necessary). Degradation of oligofructose by Lactobacillus acidophilus IBB 801 and inulin by Lactobacillus paracasei 8700:2 and Bifidobacterium longum LMG 11047 resulted in the release of free fructose into the medium and the production of mainly lactate (lactobacilli) and acetate (B. longum LMG 11047). During bicultures of Lb. acidophilus IBB 801 and Anaerostipes caccae DSM 14662T on oligofructose, the latter strain converted lactate (produced by the former strain from oligofructose) into butyrate and gases, but only in the presence of acetate. During bicultures of Lb. paracasei 8700:2 and A. caccae DSM 14662T or Eubacterium hallii DSM 17630 on inulin, the butyrate-producing strains consumed low concentrations of lactate and acetate generated by inulin degradation by the Lactobacillus strain. As more acetate was produced during tricultures of Lb. paracasei 8700:2 and B. longum LMG 11047, which degraded inulin simultaneously, and A. caccae DSM 14662T or E. hallii DSM 17630, a complete conversion of lactate into butyrate and gases by these butyrate-producing strains occurred. Therefore, butyrate production by lactate-consuming, butyrate-producing colon bacterial strains incapable of ITF degradation, resulted from cross-feeding of monosaccharides and lactate by an ITF-degrading Lactobacillus strain and acetate produced by a Bifidobacterium strain.

Evaluation of hydrotalcite-like compounds with distinct interlaminar anions as catalyst precursors in methylene blue photodegradation

In this work, two hydrotalcite like-compounds with nitrate and acetate as interlaminar anions (uncalcined and calcined) were evaluated as catalysts in the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. Materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. The XRD analysis of the pristine compounds demonstrated that they exhibited the characteristic reflections of hydrotalcite-like compounds as the main crystalline phase. The analysis of the (003) reflection confirmed nitrate or acetate presence in the interlaminar region. However, after annealing spinel and MgO obtaining at 350°C was evidenced in both materials. Major absorbance intensity in the visible region was observed in the acetate-containing samples and the highest MB decomposition was achieved with the acetate precursor sample calcined at 450°C. The photocatalytic activity was attributed to a synergy between the crystalline phases, specific surface area and the band gap energy.

Adsorption of Cu2+ on Montmorillonite and Chitosan-Montmorillonite Composite Toward Acetate Ligand and the pH Dependence

Chitosan-montmorillonite composite was extensively used for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. In wastewater, copper (Cu2+) usually coexist with the organic ligands, which had unknown effect on Cu2+ adsorption by the composite materials. In order to understand further on that, the adsorption of copper by the composite materials must be studied. In the present study, montmorillonite was coated with chitosan, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the composite proved the intercalation of chitosan in the montmorillonite. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the composite identified the presence of amino group on the composite, and that of the composite saturated with metals identified the interaction between the amino groups and metals. Langmuir adsorption isotherm indicated that the composite had more capacity to adsorb Cu2+ from wastewater than montmorillonite. The adsorption capacity of Cu2+ by montmorillonite and chitosan-montmorillonite composite was studied, respectively, as a function of pH and in the presence of acetate. Compared to the montmorillonite at low ligand concentration (0.08 mmol/L) or low pH ( 4.5). Therefore, the composite is more suitable for removing Cu2+ than montmorillonite in acid aqueous medium.

Synergism between Inositol Polyphosphates and TOR Kinase Signaling in Nutrient Sensing, Growth Control, and Lipid Metabolism in Chlamydomonas.

The networks that govern carbon metabolism and control intracellular carbon partitioning in photosynthetic cells are poorly understood. Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase is a conserved growth regulator that integrates nutrient signals and modulates cell growth in eukaryotes, though the TOR signaling pathway in plants and algae has yet to be completely elucidated. We screened the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using insertional mutagenesis to find mutants that conferred hypersensitivity to the TOR inhibitor rapamycin. We characterized one mutant, vip1-1, that is predicted to encode a conserved inositol hexakisphosphate kinase from the VIP family that pyrophosphorylates phytic acid (InsP6) to produce the low abundance signaling molecules InsP7 and InsP8 Unexpectedly, the rapamycin hypersensitive growth arrest of vip1-1 cells was dependent on the presence of external acetate, which normally has a growth-stimulatory effect on Chlamydomonas. vip1-1 mutants also constitutively overaccumulated triacylglycerols (TAGs) in a manner that was synergistic with other TAG inducing stimuli such as starvation. vip1-1 cells had reduced InsP7 and InsP8, both of which are dynamically modulated in wild-type cells by TOR kinase activity and the presence of acetate. Our data uncover an interaction between the TOR kinase and inositol polyphosphate signaling systems that we propose governs carbon metabolism and intracellular pathways that lead to storage lipid accumulation.