Preschool Research Articles

Preschool educators’ self-efficacy beliefs about teaching probabilistic concepts and their change in the course of participating an inquiry-based training program

Which are the self-efficacy beliefs that teachers hold when they are asked to teach concepts on probabilities in preschool education? Is it possible to improve negative self-efficacy beliefs through a training program? Thirty-two preschool educators participated in our study and attended a mathematical training program on probabilities, which were lately introduced in the revised preschool curriculum. The structure of the training program centered on the “inquiry-based” pedagogical approach. The results showed that the mathematical inquiry-based training program could improve participants’ initial negative self-efficacy beliefs on teaching probabilities in preschool students and consequently may have positive effects on their educational abilities.

Validation of the Pediatric Vision Scanner (PVS) in a normal preschool population

Purpose: The Pediatric Vision Scanner (PVS) is a binocular retinal birefringence scanner designed to identify young children with amblyopia and strabismus, two common causes of preventable vision loss. While the PVS has been shown to be highly sensitive and specific in an enriched population, validation is lacking in a general pediatric setting. We conducted a prospective clinical trial to assess the performance of the PVS in a non-enriched population. Methods: We recruited 300 children ages 2 to 5 years with no pre-existing eye conditions from Kaiser Permanente …

Profile and clinical outcomes of pre-schooler patients admitted to hospital due to acute asthma exacerbation

Introduction Diagnosing and managing asthma in children under 5 years old can be challenging. In preschoolers, for whom it’s difficult to assess lung function, the combination of a careful clinical history and physical examination are the strategy to differentiate asthma from other causes of episodic respiratory symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the profile and clinical management of patients under 5 years old admitted with asthma to a …

Randomized comparative study of child and caregiver responses to three software functions added to the Japanese version of the electronic Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (ePedsQL) questionnaire

BackgroundPatient-reported outcomes (PROs) refer to any report of the status of a patient’s health condition, health behavior, or experience with healthcare directly from the patient, without interpretation of the patient’s response by a clinician or any other external party. While many PROs, such as the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), were originally administered in paper-and-pencil format, these are now available as electronic versions (ePROs). Although ePROs might well have used the same structure as their paper versions, we developed an alternate ePedsQL incorporating three software functions: 1) a non-forcing non-response alert, 2) a conditional question branch of the School Functioning Scale that only displays for (pre) school children, and 3) a vertical item-by-item display for small-screen devices. This report evaluated the effect of these functions on item non-response rate, survey completion time, and user experience.MethodsAll surveys were conducted via the online/computer mode. We compared the dynamic format containing the three functions with the basic format in a randomized comparative study in 2803 children and 6289 caregivers in Japan.ResultsWe found that the non-response alert lowered the item non-response rate (0.338% to 0.046%, t = − 4.411, p < 0.001 by generalized linear mixed model analysis). The conditional question branch had mixed effects on survey completion time depending on the respondents’ age. Surprisingly, respondents rated the vertical question display for handheld devices less legible than the matrix format. Further, multigroup structural equation modelling revealed that the same configuration for both formats showed an acceptable fit (CFI 0.933, RMSEA 0.060, SRMR 0.038) but the errors of observed variables were larger for the dynamic format than the basic format.ConclusionsWe confirmed the robustness of the ePedsQL in different formats. The non-response rate of ePedsQL was very low even in the absence of an alert. The branch and item-by-item display were effective but unnecessary for all populations. Our findings further understanding of how humans respond to special software functions and different digital survey formats and provide new insight on how the three tested functions might be most successfully implemented.

Hubungan Perilaku Orang Tua Dalam Pemilihan Makanan Bergizi Dengan Status Gizi anak Pada Anak Usia Pra Sekolah

Parents act has an important role in fulfilling the children’s food needs to support the process of their growth and nutritional status. This research objective is to find out the correlation between the Parents capability in selecting nutritious food and nutritional status of Pre-School age children in ABA 06 Kindergarten Mergosono Kedungkandang, Malan. The design of this research is correlation with cross sectional approach. The research populations were 70 people. The determination of a purposive sampling in this research used 60 respondents. The technique of collecting the data used the questionnaires. The data were analyzed by using spearmen rank test and SPSS. The research results prove that most of the 39 (65.0%) parents have enough capability in selecting nutritious foods on the pre-school age children and almost entirely 52 (86.7%) pre school age children have good nutritional status. Test result of spearmen rank obtained; p-value = (0.000) &lt; (0.05). It can be concluded that there is a correlation between parents’capability in selecting nutritious food and nutritional status in pre-school age children in aba 06 kindergarten Mergosono Kedungkandang, Malang. From the result of the research, it is stated that imroving the nutritional status of pre-school aged children needs a good capability of the parents in selecting nutritious food

THE STUDY OF VARIATIONS OF PARENTING STYLES

The current study investigated parenting styles with respect to various demographics. The study sample was made up of 235 preschoolers aged 48-72 months attending to 2 state-funded preschools in Istanbul. Demographics Form and Parenting Attitude Scale were used for the data collection. The scale was completed by the parents. Independent sample t-test was used for the data with a normal distribution. The results showed that parenting styles did not differ by child gender, the number of siblings, maternal age, education and working status, and paternal age and working status. The results also indicated that parents tend to be more protective and permissive towards their first-born children and that the fathers younger than 35-years-old had a more democratic style compared to the fathers who were 36 and older. Longer preschool attendance was associated with less overprotective and less democratic parenting attitudes. Article visualizations:

THE INFLUENCE OF USING SMARTPHONE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRE SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN

One of the development information technology and communication is the development of telecomunication technology of Smartphone. The smartphone has the ability of functions and uses similarly like computer. The impacts of using Smartphone to childhood cause worriness because they are unstable enough, they have very high curiousity and influence to the effect of increasing their consumtive character. The aims of this research were to analyze the influence of using smartphone to the development of pre school aged children at Kindergarten School and Early Childhood Education of Permata Hati Cijelag, Tomo Village, Subdistrict Tomo, Sumedang Regency. This research used quantitative method. Sampling taking in this research used nonprobability sampling by using total sampling, the respondents in this research were pre school aged children in Kindergarten School and Early Childhood Education Permata Hati Cijelag, Tomo Village, Subdistrict Tomo, Sumedang Regency in 2019. The research subjects were pre school aged children in Kindergarten School and Early Childhood Education Permata Hati Cijelag, Tomo Village, Subdistrict Tomo, Sumedang Regency as many as 30 children. Statististicstesting before data analysis gained made a normality test by Saphiro Wilk, then data distributed normally thus the next test did independent t test with significance p&lt;0,05. The research result showed that there are influences of using Smartphone to the development of pre school aged children with significant score (r) = 0,02 &lt; 0,05. The research result showed that there are influences of using Smartphone to the development of pre school aged children.

Pengaruh Pola Makan terhadap kadar hemoglobin Pada Anak Pra Sekolah

Background: Pre school children need adequate nutrition for growth and development, as one of the most vulnerable groups is primarily anemia. Nutritional disorders of anemia can be caused by various factors, one of which is a diet (amount, frequency and variety ) that does not meet the balance. Objective to analyze The Effect of Diet on Hemoglobin Levels In Pre-School children. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 28 chlidren. Sampling is done by Purposive Sampling technique. Data collect from food Record and misson Hb. Data analyze used Pearson product moment correlation test and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: The results of this study obtained the average hemoglobin level of children is 10.18 (0.99). The results of the test on energy intake (ρ = 0.820), iron intake (ρ = 0.300), vitamin C intake (ρ = 0.300) which states no significant relationship with hemoglobin levels. Protein intake (ρ = 0,007), variation (ρ = 0,000), and frequency (ρ = -0,035) have significant relationship with hemoglobin level. Multivariate analysis of dietary variations significantly influenced hemoglobin levels in pre-school children (ρ = 0.000, r = 0.0636; R2 = 0.405). Conclusions: That daily intake, iron intake and vitamin C alone have no effect on hemoglobin, but it is necessary to increase protein intake, eating frequency setting especially variation in food menu. Required intervention strategies to increase intake, selection of foodstuffs, processing, presentation to children for iron absorption and control of anemia can be solved.

Aplicação da triagem de risco nutricional em crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados com cardiopatia congênita

Introdução: A triagem nutricional em crianças é de extrema importância no ambiente hospitalar, pois é uma ferramenta simples e eficiente. Objetivo: Detectar o risco nutricional, a partir do método de triagem nutricional pediátrica Strong Kids, em crianças e adolescentes com cardiopatias congênitas. Método: Foram avaliados 81 crianças e adolescentes com cardiopatia congênita, até 48 horas de internação, no período de agosto de 2016 a maio de 2017. Dados foram coletados através de triagem nutricional pediátrica. A análise estatística se deu através do teste qui-quadrado, a fim de verificar o nível de significância, p &lt; 0,05. Resultados: Dentre os resultados obtidos, houve maior prevalência de crianças com cardiopatia congênita internadas do gênero feminino 60,49% (n=49). De acordo com a classificação das fases de vida, a predominância ocorreu na fase pré-escolar 46,91%, seguida de lactentes 27,16%, adolescentes 13,58% e escolar 12,35%. Não houve déficit nutricional para 74,07%. Segundo o teste qui-quadrado, observou-se relevância do médio risco nutricional. Conclusão: A triagem nutricional pediátrica é fundamental na prática clínica, e sua melhor forma de avaliação é a intervenção nutricional precoce. Isto implicará um tratamento nutricional adequado, em especial para crianças com cardiopatia congênita.

다문화가정 유아의 한국어 교육을 위한 모바일 학습 시스템 개발

본 연구에서는 다문화가정 유아가 한글 읽기와 쓰기를 위한 학습자용 앱을 활용할 수 있도록 다문화가정 유아를 위한 한국어 교육콘텐츠를 개발하여 모바일 학습 시스템에 탑재하였다. 이를 위해 먼저, 한국교육학술정보원(RISS)의 학술지논문 검색에서 ‘다문화가정 유아’, ‘언어발달’, ‘언어교육’을 키워드로 하여 검색한 50편의 국내학술지논문과 학위논문에 사용된 한국어 어휘관련 측정도구 9개에 포함된 어휘를 분석하였다. 다음으로, 온라인 한국어 교육프로그램 5개 중대표적인 아동용 한국어 교육프로그램인 EBS 두리안 강좌 3개에 포함된 어휘를 분석하였다. 이러한 일차 분석에 의해 선정된 총 1,267개의 어휘를 품사 및 글자 수에 따라 이차적으로 분류하였다. 명사로 분류된 단어 중 빈도가 2회 이상인 단어 157개를 글자 수에 따라 분류하고, 「등급별 국어교육용 어휘에 따른 어휘등급(김광해, 2003)」을 참조하여 난이도를 3개의 수준으로 구분함으로써 초급 95개, 중급 43개, 고급 12개로 최종 구성하였고, 이를 개발된 모바일 학습 시스템의 한글 읽기 학습자용 앱과 한글 쓰기 학습자용 앱에 탑재하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 다문화가정 유아의 한국어 교육을 위한 모바일 학습 시스템은 다문화가정 유아의 한국어능력, 특히 한글 읽기와 쓰기 능력 향상에 실제적인 도움을 제공해 줄 수 있다는 점에서 의의를 가진다.

The Application of Customized Evidence-based Counseling for Abused Preschool Children in Day Care Centers: Focusing on the Multidisciplinary Cooperative Linking System

The Application of Customized Evidence-based Counseling for Abused Preschool Children in Day Care Centers: Focusing on the Multidisciplinary Cooperative Linking System

KARAKTERISTIK IBU BERDASARKAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF (APE) UNTUK MENSTIMULASI ANAK PRA SEKOLAH

Pre school period is the beginning of the development of physical abilities, cognitive, language, social emotional, self-concept, discipline, independence, art, morals, and religious values. Therefore, so that the child's growth and development can be optimally needed and stimulation that suits the child's needs, can be done by the mother. A preliminary study conducted in the Sandik, Batu Layar, Lombok Barat, NTB about the use of educational play instruments by interviewing 10 mothers, the results obtained, 7 mothers provided educational play tools for users by using tools and benefits of play tools. APE to stimulate pre school children in 2019.The research design is descriptive method. The population in this study is mothers who have pre-school children. The sampling technique is saturated sampling with a large sample of 45 people. Data collection using questionnaires.The results showed that the most respondents were aged 20-35 years (71.1%), had secondary education (SMP / SMA / equivalent) as much as 64.4%, and as many as 66.7% of respondents were working mothers. Knowledge of respondents in the good category was 64.4%. The conclusion of this study is that the characteristics of respondents who use APE to stimulate pre-school children are aged 20-35 years, have secondary education, work, and have a good level of knowledge. For this reason, mothers should continue to improve their knowledge of educational game tools through the correct sources of information.

Parents’ Perceptions Towards the Importance of Preschool Education in Rwanda

Preschool education is the very important for children's development. It is likely agreed that parents play a vital role in success of preschool education. Parents’ perceptions towards early childhood education are very useful for an effective, innovative and successful program. However, a very little is known about Rwanda. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating parents’ opinions on importance of preschool education. The semi structured interview was used to collect data both in Kigali city (to capture urban situation) and in eastern province (representing rural situation) while a qualitative approach was employed to provide extensively a deeper understanding of the respondents. Results show that 78% of all interviewees in rural area were not aware of preschool importance while in urban area parents were much concerned about their kids future. In Urban 95% of all respondents agree that preschool is very necessary. For a deeper understanding, the parents perceptions influencing factors were discussed. A strong association between perceptions level and parents socioeconomic status, education background, living area (rural/urban) was found. The study recommended awareness campaigns for parents around the country to the importance of preschool education.

ARCHITECTURAL ROLE TO ACHIEVE INCLUSION FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN NURSERIES

An essential part of society are children including children with disabilities, advocating their rights is essential; therefore, providing a comfortable environment that meets the needs of children with disability and encourage them to engage easily in the society is crucial. Subsequently, applying these fundamentals while designing nurseries in Egypt to voice children with disabilities as these facilities are not up to standards and restricts their contribution to society. The research aims to achieve suitable nurseries for all children through architectural solutions. Internal and exterior spaces satisfying the needs of children with disabilities in learning and enjoying while being independent in the use of spaces easily and safely. The theoretical part of the research highlights the concept of disabled children, the criteria for designing comfortable spaces for them and studies the interior and exterior treatments for disabled children in nurseries. As well as, the analytical part studies the Center for Childhood Care and Development, Mansoura University as a sample for the study. The study recommends applying the architectural standards and treatments in nurseries in Egypt to be qualified for disabled children, applying those points on the existing design, as well as, develop the current regulations to ensure their proper application.

Penerapan Terapi Bermain Puzzle Pada Anak Pra Sekolah Dengan Kejang Demam Untuk Mengurangi Kecemasan

Di Indonesia angka kejadian kejang demam dalam jumlah persentase yang cukup seimbang dengan negara lain yaitu mencapai 3-4%. Kejang demam pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 167 anak dan pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 155 anak. Anak sakit akan mengalami stress dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan terapi bermain puzzle anak pra sekolah untuk mengurangi kecemasan yang mengalami kejang demam di Ruang Alamnda Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Hi. Abdul Moeloek Provnsi Lampung tahun 2019. Desain yang dipakai dalam penelitian adalah studi kasus. Partisipan yang digunakan adalah 2 pasien usia 1-5 tahun dengan diagnosa kejang demam yang mengalami kecemasan. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi skala ansietas HRS-A dan gambar Puzzle yang terdiri dari 6 bagian. Hasil penelitian, pada hari ke 3 kedua pasien mengalami penurunan tingkat kecemasan, pada pasien 1 sebelum diberikan terapi bermain puzzle skala ansietas 8 dan pasien 2 skala ansietas 7. Kedua pasien mengalami penurunan yang sama yaitu 4 di hari ketiga. Diharapkan perawat dapat memberikan terapi bermain terutama bermain puzzle pada anak pra sekolah untuk mengurangi kecemasan.

Esthetic restoration of anterior teeth using temporization material in deciduous dentition: A case report

Dental caries is a major health problem in pre school, primary school going children and adolesecents. However, every individual is susceptible to this ailment during the course of its life. A number of treatment modalities are available for restoring primary incisors which include pre-veneered stainless steel crowns, polycarbonate crowns, resin strip crowns and zirconia crowns. This case report demonstrates a clinical technique for restoring primary incisors using a new temporization material. Keywords: Dental caries, Crowns, Temporization material, Primary incisors.

Tabla de intercambios de alimentos para uso en pediatría

Introducción. Para el profesional en nutrición, las tablas de intercambios de alimentos (TAI) son una herramienta que permite cuantificar la ingesta de calorías y nutrientes y planear la alimentación de manera práctica.Objetivo. Diseñar una TAI para uso en pediatría que facilite la labor del nutricionista en esta población.Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal. La selección de los alimentos consumidos con mayor frecuencia se realizó de acuerdo con recordatorios de 24 horas y una tabla de composición de alimentos (TCA). Se determinaron los tamaños de intercambio de alimentos teniendo en cuenta las porciones del grupo etario. Después del análisis químico de los alimentos se determinaron las medidas caseras (p. ej. cucharada, cucharadita, taza, etc.) y se diseñó y se validó la TIA.Resultados. Se incluyeron 241 alimentos, los cuales se distribuyeron en 9 grupos y 4 anexos. Se tuvo en cuenta un nutriente principal para cada grupo y la medida casera se definió según las características de cada alimento. Se observó concordancia en la evaluación de consumo entre la TIA para uso en pediatría y la TCA (CCI&gt;0.81).Conclusión. Se desarrolló una TIA para población pediátrica confiable que permitirá evaluar la alimentación y diseñar planes de alimentación en preescolares y escolares de manera práctica.

Preoperative interview mode with Child Life in the management of preschool children′s anxiety

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative visit with Child Life mode in the management of preschool children′s anxiety. Methods A total of 80 cases of children of pre-school age who were operated from September 2018 to February 2019 were selected by cluster sampling method. The children from September to November 2018 who were given the traditional mode of preoperative visit were set as the control group. Children from December 2018 to February 2019 who were given preoperative visit with Child Life mode were set as the experimental group. The Modified Yale Perioperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) scores, Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) scores and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scores were compared between the two groups at 4 different perioperative time points (6 hours after admission, waiting for surgery, induction of anesthesia, and 6 hours after surgery). Results Totally three patients were suspended from the study due to surgery. A total of 77 children were studied, 38 in the experimental group and 39 in the control group. The score of m-YPAS in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(17.57±16.64 vs. 42.04±27.46, t value was 3.85, P 0.05) and 6 hours after surgery(35.61±15.70 vs. 41.81±17.97, t value was 1.37, P>0.05). Compare with the control group the score of ICC in the experimental group was significantly decreased (1.40±1.39 vs. 3.78±2.60, t value was 4.88, P 0.05). Conclusions Compared with the traditional preoperative visit mode, the preoperative visit mode of Child Life can effectively relieve the anxiety of preschool children undergoing general anesthesia surgery while they are waiting for surgery and during anesthesia induction, and can improve the degree of cooperation during anesthesia induction. Key words: Child Life; Preoperative interview; Preschool child; Anxiety

Dietary Behaviors of Preschool Children and Food Allergy Prevalence of Preschool Childcare Facilities in Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju Metropolitan City

Dietary Behaviors of Preschool Children and Food Allergy Prevalence of Preschool Childcare Facilities in Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju Metropolitan City

¿Qué tipos de actividades diseñan e implementan en el aula futuros docentes de Educación Infantil cuando enseñan ciencia mediante rincones de trabajo?

Se analizan los tipos de actividades libres y dirigidas que diseñan los futuros docentes de Infantil (FDI) para rincones de trabajo sobre ciencia, así como sus preferencias al implementarlas en el aula. Se presenta el proceso instructivo llevado a cabo con los FDI, el instrumento de recogida de datos y la categorización de las actividades diseñadas. Los FDI encontraron algo más de dificultad en diseñar actividades libres que dirigidas, y, tras su implementación en el aula, la preferencia de los FDI por cada tipo se dio en proporciones equilibradas. Por otro lado, es destacable la amplia variedad de tipos de actividades dirigidas diseñadas, eludiendo las tradicionales en las que el escolar solo memoriza o no tiene una participación activa.