Preparation Of Plant Extracts Research Articles

Evaluation of cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on human skin melanoma SK- MEL-3 cell line: In vitro model

Globally the rate of melanoma skin cancer has increased in the recent years. Conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery will damage the cancer cells and some healthy cells also in the body. These treatments are expensive and severe side effects on humans. Nanotechnology have recently been used in biological systems to enhance both reformative and translational therapies. In this study, we used binary solvent for preparation of plant extracts and phytosynthesized AgNPs. It is well known that AgNPs synthesized using green methods are preferred as eco-friendly, low cost, rapid and efficient process. For the assessment of the therapeutic activity of synthesized AgNPs, we proposed an in-vitro model of human melanoma skin cancerous cells (SK-MEL-3). The specific characteristics of AgNPs such as size, shape, distribution, crystalline structure etc. are examined before the medicinal application. In addition, we have done cytotoxicity analysis and apoptotic study to understand the morphological alteration in malignant cells.

Plant extract preparation and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Swertia chirata: Characterization and antimicrobial activity against selected human pathogens

Herbal medicinal plants have been used for centuries in traditional medicine, and it is interesting to see how modern research has identified the active compounds responsible for their therapeutic effects. The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using herbal medicinal plants, such as Swertia chirata, is particularly noteworthy due to its antimicrobial properties. In the current study, the Swertia chirata plant was collected for the first time from the region of Murree, Punjab, Pakistan. After collection, extracts were prepared in different solvents (ethanol, methanol, chloroform, and distilled water), and silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO3). The UV–visible spectrophotometer, SEM, and EDX were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles in terms of their size and shape. The phytochemical analysis of crude extract was performed to determine the presence of different kinds of phytochemicals. The antibacterial activity of plant extracts and the silver nanoparticles were then assessed using the agar well diffusion method against various pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the plant contains several phytochemicals with remarkable antioxidant potential. The antibacterial analysis revealed that silver nanoparticles and the plant extracts exhibited a significant zone of inhibition against human pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, S. capitis, B. subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) as compared to the cefixime and norfloxacin. This implies that the nanoparticles have the potential to be used in nano-medicine applications, such as drug delivery systems, as well as for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Additionally, the development and application of materials and technologies at the nanometer scale opens possibilities for the creation of novel drugs and therapies. Overall, the study highlights the promising potential of herbal medicinal plants found in Murree, Punjab, Pakistan, and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles in various fields of medicine and nanotechnology.

Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Eucalyptus and Piper Longum and Its Subsequent Antiinflammatory Activity Evaluation

Gold is the oldest dental restorative material, used for dental repairs for more than 4000 years and remains an important metal included in the dental sector. In a world where nanoparticle importance has been well established and preparation of nanoparticles has become much easier, it is important to assess if these nanoparticles can be extracted from plants as well. Along with its extraction, analysis of each property of the nanoparticle is essential. Pepper and eucalyptus remain two of the most important ingredients used in ayurveda and can be easily found in every household. The aim of this study was to extract gold nanoparticles using Eucalyptus and Piper longum and evaluate the antibacterial activity of the derived gold nanoparticles. Preparation of plant extract was done following which, extraction of gold nanoparticles was performed. Antiinflammatory properties of the gold nanoparticles were tested by albumin denaturation method and compared against the anti-inflammatory gold standard, Diclofenac sodium. The protein denaturation levels were measured, and the data was compiled. From this study, it can be concluded that gold nanoparticles derived from pepper and eucalyptus can be used as a potential source of anti-inflammatories. Keywords - Eucalyptus, antiinflammatory, Nanoparticles, novel technique, Gold, Piper longum.

Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Eucalyptus and Piper Longum and Its Subsequent Antioxidant Activity Evaluation

Gold continues to be one of the oldest dental restorative materials which has been used for dental repairs for more than 4000 years and remains an important metal in the dental sector. In a world where the importance of nanoparticles has been well established and its preparation has become much easier, it is important to analyse if these nanoparticles can be extracted from a plant based source as well. Along with its extraction, assessment of each property of the nanoparticle is essential. A few ingredients used in Ayurveda which can also be found being used in almost every household is pepper and eucalyptus and over the years, its importance has remained constant, if not showing an increase. The aim of this study was to extract gold nanoparticles using Eucalyptus and Piper longum and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the derived gold nanoparticles. Preparation of plant extract was done following which, extraction of gold nanoparticles was performed. Antioxidant properties of the gold nanoparticles were tested by a DPPH assay method and compared against the antioxidant gold standard, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The percentage of absorbance was calculated and data was analyzed. The results demonstrated the presence of elemental gold. Both, plant extract derived AuNPs exhibited significant free-radical scavenging activity indicating that they possess antioxidant effects. Keywords - Eucalyptus, antioxidant, Nanoparticles, Novel technique, Piper longum.

Toxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles green synthesized using papaya extract in zebrafish.

In green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), the use of papaya extract as a capping and reducing agent shows promise for potential applications of these particles in biomedicine. However, toxicity evaluation is necessary to ensure the safety of humans and the environment. The zebrafish model is used to assess toxicity with embryo developmental observation as it is a rapid, simple method for screening of toxicity. The objective of the present study was to assess the toxicological characteristics of ZnO NPs produced from papaya extract using a zebrafish model. The preparation of plant extracts from papaya using two solvents (water and methanol) and characterization of bioactive compounds in the extracts were reported. ZnO NPs were synthesized from both plant extracts and characterized with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Toxicity evaluation was conducted on zebrafish embryos for 96 h. ZnO NPs synthesized from aqueous and methanol extracts had mean crystallite diameters of 13 and 12 nm, respectively. Mortality, hatching rate and malformation of zebrafish embryos were assessed at different concentrations of ZnO NPs. Both NPs showed high mortality rates at high concentrations, with 100 (aqueous) and 20 mg/l (methanol extract) being lethal for all embryos. Concentrations <10 mg/l for both synthesized ZnO NPs had similar results to the negative control, indicating a safe dosage for embryos. The hatching rate and malformation were also affected, with higher concentrations of NPs causing a delayed hatching rate and malformation in pericardial and yolk sac edema. Whole embryo mRNA expression of immune-associated genes, including IL-1 and -10 and TNF-α, was upregulated following lethal concentration 50 (LC50) ZnO NP exposure. ZnO NPs synthesized from papaya extract (both in aqueous and methanol environments) had a dose- and time-dependent embryonic toxicity effect. Hence, the present study demonstrated initial toxicity screening of ZnO NPs synthesized from plant extract.

The Cytotoxic Activities of n-Hexane Extract of Pumpkin Seed (Cucurbita moschata) on WiDr Colon Cancer Cell and HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell

Colon cancer and cervical cancer are types of cancer with a high prevalence, contributing 10% and 3.1% respectively of the total new cancer cases. Nutrition and dietary factors play an important role in human carcinogenesis. Natural plants contain substances that can be beneficial to human health. One such plant is the pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). Pumpkin seeds are thought to have many biological activities for health, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of n-hexane extract of pumpkin seed against colon (WiDr) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells using the MTT Assay method. The method used in this study consisted of the preparation of plant extracts, phytochemical screening, total content of metabolites. The results proved that the n-hexane extract of pumpkin seed was observed containing flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The content of highest total content, namely flavonoid compounds as much as 616.46 mg/L. The n-hexane extract of pumpkin seed showed cytotoxic activity for WiDr cells and HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 193.44 µg/mL and 237.702 µg/mL, respectively. The results of this study can be concluded that n-hexane extract of pumpkin seed can be used as a chemopreventive agent, due to the moderate cytotoxic test results.&#x0D;

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Emulgel Ekstrak Rimpang Jeringau (Acorus calamus L.) sebagai anti-acne

Dermatology studies in Indonesia show an increase in acne vulgaris incidents with the highest prevalence in adolescents. Acne topical therapy generally contains retinoids. However, this therapeutic option has drawbacks, namely burning sensation, dry skin, erythema, and itching of the skin. Along with people's interest in using natural products, alternative therapies with natural products are increasingly having economic value. One of the natural ingredients that have the potential to be anti-acne is Acorus calamus L. Sweet pea (Acorus calamus L.) is a plant whose leaves and rhizomes are used empirically by the Dayak tribe in Borneo to treat skin diseases. Acorus calamus rhizome ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria that predominate in acne inflammation. Acorus calamus rhizome extract in this study was formulated in the form of an emulgel because it effectively delivers hydrophobic active substances. Emulgel is also not greasy but moisturizes the skin. The research aimed to produce an anti-acne emulgel formulation from Acorus calamus extract as a natural raw material that meets the physical stability requirements. The research was conducted at the Phytochemical Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, and Microbiology Laboratory of Samarinda School of Health Sciences. The research stages are the preparation of plant extract, phytochemical analysis, preparation of emulgel, evaluation of emulgel, and antibacterial activity assay. The Emulgel formulation was carried out with variations in the concentration of the gelling agent, namely Carbomer 940 0.5% (Formula A), 0.75% (Formula B0, and 1% (Formula C). The results of the physical evaluation showed all formulas met the requirements of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test, and viscosity test. All formulas have non-Newtonian flow types with plastic properties. The antibacterial test results show that all formulas can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.

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Assessment of phytochemical screening and antioxidant potential of Heteropogon contortus (L.) whole plant

Heteropogon contortus (L.) belongs to the family Poaceae, which is known to have bioactivities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, membrane and mast cell stabilization, antimicrobial and many more. The aim of the present study is to explore occurrence of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity by using the whole plant (including leaf, stem, and root) crude extract in three different solvents (methanol, hydroethanol, and aqueous). Using standard methods, presence of various bioactive compounds was determined. Quantitative evaluation of total phenol, flavonoid and tannin content were done by using the spectrophotometric techniques. For antioxidant property analysis, in-vitro techniques like ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay, diphenyl1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and metal chelation assay were used. In plant extract preparation, the green colour extract of methanol with solid consistency observed to have highest % yield of 4.46 %, followed by hydroethanolic (3.86 %), and aqueous extract (2.95 %). Various phytocompounds (e.g., alkaloids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, and resins) were observed in higher concentration in methanol, hydroethanol, and aqueous extract. Out of all extracts, the methanol extract observed to have highest flavonoid (30.07 ± 0.09 mg Quercetin equivalent (QE)/g), phenol (34.12 ± 0.028 mg of the Gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g), and tannin (26.61 ± 0.008 mg of the Tannic acid equivalent (TAE)/g) content. In DPPH and metal chelation assay, the effective inhibitor was the methanol extract (42.94 ± 0.0061 µg/ml, 100.57 ± 0.085 µg/ml) in order of potency inhibitory concentration (IC50) while the FRAP value was observed maximum in the hydroethanol extract (258.41 ± 0.0085 mg/g). Thus, overall investigation of the plant extracts shows that the occurrence of variety of phytochemicals having antioxidant properties makes the plant a promising candidate for usage in the traditional medicine.

Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Ephedra alata Extracts against Intoxication with Deltamethrin Pesticide in Male Rats

The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Ephedra alata alenda plant, against intoxication with Deltamethrin pesticide in rats. After preparation of plant extracts (macerated and decocted, powder), chemical profile and total phenolic compounds of plant were estimated. Furthermore, antioxidant activities In vitro were evaluated using the DPPH test, and to verify the antitoxic activity In vivo, male rats were exposed to Delamethrin (3.5 &mu;l/kg/da

Strategies for the discovery of potential anticancer agents from plants collected from Southeast Asian tropical rainforests as a case study.

Covering up to early 2023The present review summarizes recent accomplishments made as part of a multidisciplinary, multi-institutional anticancer drug discovery project, wherein samples comprising higher plants were collected primarily from Southeast Asia, and also from Central America, and the West Indies. In the introductory paragraphs, a short perspective is provided on the current importance of plants in the discovery of cancer therapeutic agents, and the contributions of other groups working towards this objective are mentioned. For our own investigations, following their collection, tropical plants have been subjected to solvent extraction and biological evaluation for their antitumor potential. Several examples of purified plant lead bioactive compounds were obtained and characterized, and found to exhibit diverse structures, including those of the alkaloid, cardiac glycoside, coumarin, cucurbitacin, cyclobenzofuran (rocaglate), flavonoid, lignan, and terpenoid types. In order to maximize the efficiency of work on drug discovery from tropical plant species, strategies to optimize various research components have been developed, including those for the plant collections and taxonomic identification, in accordance with the requirements of contemporary international treaties and with a focus on species conservation. A major component of this aspect of the work is the development of collaborative research agreements with representatives of the source countries of tropical rainforest plants. The phytochemical aspects have included the preparation of plant extracts for initial screening and the selection of promising extracts for activity-guided fractionation. In an attempt to facilitate this process, a TOCSY-based NMR procedure has been applied for the determination of bioactive rocaglate derivatives in samples of Aglaia species (Meliaceae) collected for the project. Preliminary in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies carried out by the authors are described for two tropical plant-derived bioactive lead compounds, corchorusoside C and (+)-betulin, including work conducted with a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. In the concluding remarks, a number of lessons are summarized that our group has learned as a result of working on anticancer drug discovery using tropical plants, which we hope will be of interest to future workers.

Antimicrobial effect of marigold leaves extracts on periodontal pathogens: Invitro study

Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of Calendula officinalis (Linn.) with commercially available chlorhexidine gel and tetracycline fibers against plaque bacteria so that it can eventually be incorporated into periodontal anti-infective therapy. Materials and method: Plant extract was made by 10 grams of Preparation of plant extract dried and ground leaves were mixed with 100ml of methanol and ethanol used for the extraction. Periodontal ab plus and Hexi gel was used. Antibacterial activity for plaque sample was seen using agar well diffusion method. Results: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of plaque bacteria at 0.1g/mL by Calendula officinalis (Linn.) was 15mm, chlorhexidine gel was 18mm and Periodontal ab plus was 33mm. periodontal ab plus showed 51 percent more zone of inhibition than C. officinalis leaves extracts and 42 percent more that of chlorhexidine gel. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the C. officinalis extract possessed good antimicrobial potential. This study exhibited the significant antibacterial effect of C. officinalis but less than chlorhexidine gel and tetracycline fibers on plaque bacteria.

Anticancer activity of tin oxide and cerium-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Ipomoea carnea flower extract

Background: The aim of the study is to investigate the anticancer potential of tin oxide (SnO2) and different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) of cerium-doped tin oxide nanoparticles (Ce-SnO2 NPs) using Ipomoea carnea flower extract. The synthesized SnO2 and different concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) of Ce-SnO2 NPs was tested using a colorimetric-based 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line cells. Methods: Collection and preparation of plant extract is preliminarily carried out followed by the synthesis of Undoped and Cerium doped Tin oxide nanoparticles is achieved by standard protocol along with that its anticancer activity also studied in this research. Results: The anticancer activity increased in direct proportion to the cerium-dopant concentration. Experimental results demonstrated that 8% Ce-SnO2 NPs exhibited a potential anticancer effect compared with SnO2 and other concentrations of Ce-SnO2 NPs. Conclusion: According to the current findings, large-scale manufacturing of Ce-SnO2 NPs might be recommended to have effective anticancer agents against breast cancer cell lines.

Anti-diabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia Herbal Formulation

Introduction: Pterocarpus santalinus have their application in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. Stevia​ (​Stevia rebaudiana​) is a natural, non-caloric sugar substitute that is a rich source of a pharmacologically significant glycoside. Proper diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions contribute to overcoming diabetes.&#x0D; Aim: The present study aims to assess the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Preparation of plant extract followed by antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.&#x0D; Results: Results were tabulated and graphically analyzed using SPSS software. As the concentration increased the percentage of inhibition also increased in both antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.&#x0D; Conclusion: The present study concluded that Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation has antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.

Preparation of Mouthwash using Ficus benghalensis Assisted Silver Nanoparticles and a Comparative Analysis of Its Antimicrobial Activity

Aim: The aim of this study is to prepare a mouthwash using Ficus benghalensis mediated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and analysing its antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens&#x0D; Introduction: Nanotechnology deals with the particles which are less than 100 nm and have important roles in medicines, industries, drug gene delivery. Different parts of the F. benghalensis show medicinal properties. Leaves are used for ulcers, aerial roots are used in gonorrhoea, seeds and fruits are used for dysentery, diarrhoea and diabetes. F. benghalensis have been reported to have immunomodulatory, antibacterial activity and are used to treat toothache.&#x0D; Materials and methods: In the present study, the silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Ficus benghalensis plant extract. The preparation of plant extract was done using commercially available F. benghalensis leaves powder for the synthesis process. The mouthwash was prepared using 1 mM of silver nitrate. The prepared nanoparticles were confirmed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. Different concentrates of the synthesised Ficus benghalensis mediated silver nanoparticles were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method and MIC will be determined.&#x0D; Results: It has been observed that the antimicrobial effect of the prepared Ag NPs was almost similar against all the organisms used in the study with a maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. It has also been observed that the antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs increased with increasing concentration.&#x0D; Conclusion: As the synthesised F. benghalensis assisted silver nanoparticle mouthwash showed potent antimicrobial activity in vitro against the oral microbes: S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, C. albicans, in vivo studies are needed further to evaluate the antimicrobial effect.

The use of medical cannabis in pediatric palliative care: a case series

BackgroundMedical cannabis may be a useful tool for managing treatment-resistant epilepsy and chronic pain, which affect many patients in pediatric palliative care (PPC); however, little evidence is available in this setting.Case presentationWe aimed to describe a clinical experience in a setting where high-level evidence may not be obtained. We report our clinical experience in a pediatric palliative care department in Italy. Caregivers reported changes in intensity and frequency of pain and epilepsy events. Six patients received a titrated plant extract of cannabis sativa for 1 year. Only mild and transient adverse events occurred: drowsiness, euphoria, restlessness and tachycardia; the resolution was either spontaneous or obtained by modifying the administration schedule. Treatment was never discontinued. No overdoses occurred. All patients experienced seizures during the pre-treatment observation period, and obtained a reduction in seizure frequency, although with variable extent while receiving cannabis. In addition, a benefit on pain was observed, based on the caregiver’s evaluation, and a reduction of analgesic use.ConclusionOur experience suggests that a titrated plant extract preparation of medical cannabis may be useful to control treatment-resistant pain and epilepsy in PPC patients.

Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants in Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary, District Sialkot, Punjab Province of Pakistan.

Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary is a complex riverine ecosystem and is unique because of the presence of river Chenab, various seasonal streams, lakes, and Head Marala barrage. These ecogeographic conditions provide diverse natural habitats for various plant and animal species to grow uninterrupted and have undocumented ethnopharmacologically important medicinal flora. The present study involves the first-ever extensive investigation to document the ethnopharmacological knowledge on medicinal plants of local healers and inhabitants of the Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary to treat ailments. The unstructured and semistructured interviews of the local healers and inhabitants were conducted that included 130 individuals. The ethnomedicinal formulations, their method of preparation, mode of administration, parts of the plant used, diseases cured, and their categorization along with species use report (UR) were analyzed. The ethnopharmacological study led to the enlisting of 114 medicinal plant species belonging to 97 genera and distributed among 47 plant families. 2029 URs were collected with 42 general disease categories. Each plant species was reported 18 times to cure various diseases (∼18 UR), while ∼48 URs were collected on each disease category by local informants. Digestive issues (290 URs, ∼14.29%) and skin infections (279 URs, ∼13.75%) were found most commonly among the occupants of the area. The oral administration (69%) of herbal drugs and the preparation of plant extracts (32%) were the most common ethnopharmacological strategies. Inhabitants of the area were well aware of the limited use of poisonous plants. 8 (∼7%) out of the total 114 medicinal plant species were listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern, while Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. was enlisted as near-threatened. The results of the present investigation show that the occupants of the Bajwat have sound information about the ethnopharmacological consumption of medicinal plants, and some of the novel ethnomedicinal formulations were reported which provide the basic data for further pharmacological research.

Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most powerful tools used in metabolomics. It stands as a highly accurate and reproducible method that not only provides quantitative data but also permits structural identification of the metabolites present in complex mixtures. Metabolic profiling by 1H NMR has proven useful in the study of various types of plant scenarios, which include the evaluation of cropconditions, harvest and post- harvest treatments, metabolic phenotyping, metabolic pathways, gene regulation, identification of biomarkers, chemotaxonomy, quality control, denomination of origin, among others. However, signal overlapping of the large number of resonances with expanded J-coupling multiplicities complicates the spectra analysis and its interpretation, and represents a limitation for classical 1H NMR profiling. In the last decade, novel NMR broadband homonuclear decoupling techniques through which multiplet signals collapse into single resonance lines - commonly called Pure Shift methods - have been developed to overcome the spectra resolution problem inherent to 1H NMR classical spectra. Here a step-by-step protocol of the plant extract preparation and the procedure to record optimal Pure Shift PSYCHE and SAPPHIRE-PSYCHE spectra in three different plant matrices - Vanilla plantleaves, potato tubers (S. tuberosum), and Cape gooseberries (P. peruviana) - is presented. The effect of the gain in resolution in metabolic identification, correlation analysis and multivariate analyses, as compared against classical spectra, is discussed.

Ultrasonic extraction for preparation of plant extracts with bioinsecticidal effects on pest from seed deposits

Ultrasonic extraction for preparation of plant extracts with bioinsecticidal effects on pest from seed deposits

Organoleptic and physicochemical properties of natural-based herbal shampoo formulations with Cyclea peltata as a key ingredient.

Synthetic shampoos have toxic chemical agents like chemicals such as parabens and sodium lauryl sulfate which damage the hair. To combat this issue, the use of natural herbal shampoos, as opposed to synthetic shampoos, is becoming increasingly popular. One of the many medicinal plants present in Karnataka and Kerala is Cyclea peltata. This plant has long been known to assist in wound healing, allergy relief, and hair and scalp improvement, as well as serving as a coolant for hair applications. The key subject of this research was the preparation of plant extracts and fermentation of Cyclea peltata leaf extract with Lactobacillus plantarum, resulting in the formulation of an herbal shampoo. The leaf extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acid, saponins, and proteins, according to previous research by this group. The fermented product showed the presence of lactic acid, which was a boon for shampoo base as it protects the hair from the sunlight and improves the texture and strength of hair fibers. Cyclea peltata was used as the main ingredient in herbal shampoo formulations, along with other herbal ingredients, and the formulated shampoo was characterized for its different organoleptic (Color, odor) and physicochemical properties (pH, solid content, wettability, emulsification, and foam stability) to find the best formulation. Formulation H2 showed better organoleptic and physicochemical properties and thus was chosen as the best formulation among the 11 formulations. Formulation H2 is regarded as the best formulation based on the results of the physicochemical tests (Pleasant odor, pH 3.01, solid content of 5.75%, wettability of 1.68s, and percentage emulsification of 68.75%).