Preparation Of TiC Research Articles

Preparation of TiC reinforced CrMo steel by 3D gel-printing

ABSTRACT TiC-reinforced CrMo steel was successfully fabricated by 3D gel-printing in this study. The rheological behaviour and polymerisation of slurries with different TiC content were researched. The appropriate parameters of 3D gel-printing process were found. The microstructure and phase identification of sintered samples were characterised by using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The relative density, bending strength and hardness of sintered bulk samples were separately measured. The results indicate that the relative density, bending strength and hardness value reach 99.8%, 2039 MPa and 51.3 HRC when TiC content is 30 wt.% in the sintered bulk samples. After oil quenching, the bending strength reaches an astonishing value 2386 MPa, and hardness is 56.1 HRC. Compared with conventional powder metallurgy methods, the mechanical properties of TiC–CrMo steel composite prepared by 3DGP are similar or even better.

Solar Powder Metallurgy: Preparation of TiC – TiB2 Ceramic Foam

The solar powder metallurgy was used to prepare TiC–TiB2 ceramic foams in 40kW horizontal solar furnace at Plataforma Solar de Almeria (PSA), Spain. The foams were prepared using self-propagating high-temperature synthesis from the green compacts of powder mixture of Ti + 15 vol.% B4C. The foaming was performed under protective argon atmosphere at various heating rates. It was shown that it is possible to prepare successfully TiC–TiB2 ceramic foams with porosity around 45%. The foaming temperature or ignition temperature was found to be around 1380 °C. The optimal heating rate for foam preparation was found to be 220°C/min. It was confirmed that 2 pieces of precursor will join successfully to create single foam. Further, graphite and alumina moulds were tested for possible preparation of 3D shapes. The EDS investigations confirmed the creation of TiB2, TiC and complex TiBxC1-x phases.

Preparation of TiC by carbothermal reduction in vacuum and acid leaching using blast furnace slag bearing titania

AbstractA combined process of carbothermal reduction in vacuum and acid leaching is proposed to produce TiC from titanium bearing blast furnace (BF) slag from Pan Steel in Panzhihua city in China. Thermodynamics calculation shows that TiC can be obtained in the appropriate temperature and pressure range. Moreover, the results of the experiment indicate that TiC can be prepared by the combined process. The optimized parameters include particle size of original slag ideally below 200 mesh, reduction temperature of 1400°C, pressure of 1~10 Pa and mass ratio of slag and reduction (carbon powder) of 100/38. The x value in TiC

The influence of boron on the adsorption of Ti and C on TiC surfaces

The first-principles calculations have been performed to study the influence of boron on the adsorption of Ti and C on different TiC surfaces. It is found that boron can be adsorbed on both TiC (001) and (111) surfaces. When boron is present and carbon supply is high during the preparation of TiC, boron can bond with carbon atoms to form B-C clusters on (001) surface, but the formation of them is less favorable than that of Ti-C clusters. However, under the low carbon-supply condition, both B-B and Ti-Ti clusters can be formed, and, once being formed, B-B clusters are more stable than the Ti-Ti ones. On Ti-terminated (111) surfaces, boron adatoms are more likely to be moved to form B-B clusters. The study of the diffusion of the adatoms on the surfaces demonstrates that boron adatoms can be more easily migrated on (111) surfaces, which further confirms the above results.

The Influence of Hadifield Steel-Bonded TiC Preparation Process on Microstructure and Properties

In the paper, we selected high manganese steel as the binder and titanium carbide as the hard phase, which could attain single austenite bonded titanium carbide after water toughening in order to combine excellent toughness of matrix with good wear resistance of TiC organically for some components that required excellent toughness and wearability. By dint of SEM, XRD etc. detection means, effects of ingredient proportion, preparation technics and heat treatment parameters on hardness, microstructure, and mechanical property were investigated; so the composition and preparation process of TiC cemented were confirmed, which was applied to grinding with large impact force.

Preparation of TiC/ Fe Surface Composite by a Casting–SHS Process

Steel castings with a ceramic reinforced surface layer have been prepared by a casting process combined with self-propagation high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Two material systems, Fe-Ti-C-Al and Al-Fe2O3, were selected in this paper to prepare the steel castings with a ceramic reinforced surface layer. During the process, high temperature steel melt was poured into a sand mould in which SHS performs were cast. The performs were ignited by the high temperature steel melt. As a result, an SHS reaction happened and ceramic reinforcements were synthesized inside the mould. After the penetration of the molten steel and the scattering of the ceramic reinforcement, a steel casting with an in-situ ceramic reinforced surface layer was obtained.

Ti−TiH2−C−N2계에서 연소반응에 의한 TiC0.7N0.3분말의 제조

The preparation of TiC 0.7 N 0.3 powder by SHS in the system of Ti-TiH₂-C (N₂ atmosphere) was investigated in this study. In the preparation of TiC 0.7 N 0.3 powder, the effect of gas pressure, compositions such as Ti, TiH₂, C, and additive in mixture on the reactivity were investigated. At 50 atm of the initial inert gas pressure in reactor, the optimum composition for the preparation of pure TiC 0.7 N 0.3 was 0.75Ti + 0.25TiH₂+ 0.7C + 0.5NaCl. The TiC 0.7 N 0.3 powder synthesized in this condition was a single phase with irregular shape.

Low temperature combustion synthesis for preparation of TiC reinforced Fe based composites under electric field

In the present paper, the combustion synthesis processes of the system of Fe based composites, mainly containing Fe–Ti–C, under an electric field was studied by using a Gleeble 1500D thermal simulation instrument. The results showed that there was a great change in temperature inside the sample under rather low temperature, compared with that in the self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) processes. This indicated that a reaction may occur, which led to a great deal of heat release. Analyses by X-ray diffraction proved that the microstructures of the sample after combustion consist of TiC, α-Fe and a little Fe2Ti. Therefore, it was demonstrated that Fe/TiC system can be synthesised in an electric field, even under low temperature.

A study on the preparation of TiC reinforced cast iron composites by plasma smelting of ilmenite ore

TiC reinforced cast iron composites have been prepared by plasma smelting of ilmenite ore in a bed of steel scrap. The influence of magnesia and zircon coating on smelting hearth on microstructure of composites have been investigated. The composites have been characterized by SEM, EDAX and image analyzer. The paper presents in detail the preparation and characterization of TiC reinforced cast iron composites.

Preparation of TiC reinforced steel composites and their characterisation

Carbide reinforced steel composites are useful in extensive wear resistance applications. Titanium carbide reinforced steel composites have been prepared by dissolving a TiC rich Fe–TiC master alloy in a liquid steel. The composites have been characterised by optical microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray scanning electron microscope analysis, image analysis, and X-ray diffraction studies. Tensile strength measurements showed that the ultimate tensile strengths varied between 790 and 880 MPa for composites containing 0·7–0·34 wt-%Ti. Some composites show better wear resistance properties in comparison with low alloy steels.

Preparation of TiC and TiC/DLC Multilayers by Metal Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition: Relationship between Composition, Microstructure and Wear Properties

AbstractWe have used pulsed vacuum arc deposition to prepare TixCy films and multilayer structures of TixCy / diamondlike carbon (DLC) in a dual plasma source set-up. The composition of the monolithic films was controlled by varying the pulse duration of each plasma gun. During the deposition, a repetitively pulsed bias voltage was applied to the substrate in order to improve the adhesion to the substrate and between the individual layers. For the multilayers, the carbon and Ti guns were synchronously pulsed during deposition of the TixCy, and the Ti gun was not operated during the DLC deposition. Multilayers with different periodicities were synthesized. The deposited films were analyzed by various techniques including XPS, AES, TEM, EELS, and XRD to characterize the composition, bonding states, and microstructure. Special attention was given to the interface thickness in relation to the applied bias voltage. Tribological properties such as friction coefficient and wear resistance were measured, and correlated to the composition and microstructure of the films.

Preparation of TiC x single crystals with nonstoichiometric compositions by a floating zone technique

TiC x single crystals have been prepared in the nonstoichiometric composition range (C/Ti < 0.91) by a floating zone technique. The crystal compositions were controlled by a modified zone leveling method because the crystal composition deviates much from the feed rod composition due to evaporation. The crystal compositions were determined by carbon analysis. The composition homogeneity was checked. The oxygen and nitrogen impurities were analyzed. The relationship between the composition and the lattice constant was determined. In addition, the evaporation rate and the evaporation composition were measured as a function of the zone composition by making use of the fact that the zone composition was kept constant during a zone pass. On the basis of these experimental results, the composition of the grown crystal was calculated as a function of the feed rod composition and the growth rate. The composition change due to evaporation was discussed.

Preparation of TiC x single crystals with maximum carbon content by a floating zone technique

TiC x single crystals with a maximum carbon content ( x = 0.96–0.97) were prepared by controlling the compositions of the initial molten zone and the feed rod (a modified zone leveling method). The homogeneity of the composition was checked along the growth and radial directions. The lattice constants, densities and impurities in the crystal, starting material, feed rod and evaporation product, were measured and reported. All impurities except W, whose carbide has a low vapor pressure, were found to be refined by evaporation. The effect of the helium ambient gas pressure was examined. It was found that good quality crystals could be prepared under relatively low pressure (4–5 atm). The good quality of the crystals was confirmed by X-ray transmission topography.