Preparation Of Annual Reports Research Articles

Accounting for social responsibility of business in the context of sustainable development

The paper focuses on the fundamental components of socially responsible business and their accounting in terms of dividing it into determinants that is justified by the emergence of corporate social reporting, the expansion of the boundaries of traditional accounting concerning the introduction of indicators related to social costs, environmental and atypical aspects. The aim of the research is to comprehensively analyze all components of the social accounting system, identify the peculiarities of socially responsible business in the context of sustainable development, and develop recommendations for the formation of methodological and organizational components of presenting relevant information in the reporting of enterprises. We have found that the modern system of social accounting reveals the facts of economic activities concerning the accounting of social costs, economic and environmental measures to make effective management decisions in terms of the impact of the enterprise activities on society, adapted to the requirements of the external and internal environment. An overview of scientific views on the essence of accounting for social reporting is considered using the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping and generalization. The author’s opinion of the social accounting system involving the following main determinants as accounting for social responsibility of business, formation of accounting information in terms of sustainable development, environmental consequences of activity, accounting for atypical social components, accounting for reputational capital, is considered. We have substantiated that further implementation of social accounting and preparation of annual reports based on the proposed elements, can help in the formation of corporate and social responsibility of the company, expanding the range of interested parties: partners, customers and investors, i.e., magnetizing in the form of reputational capital.

The European Union оrganizational and legal mechanism for ensuring gender equality

The article analyzes the provisions of founding treaties of the European Union, in particular, the Treaty on the European Union, the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, the European Social Charter regarding their consolidation of the principle of gender equality, which has been formed since the adoption of the UN Charter as a fundamental international universal act, contributed to the further development and adoption of norms at the international universal and regional levels based on gender principle. Attention is focused on the features of EU acts and it is stated that they have expanded the principle of equality between women and men, including working conditions, social security, access to goods and services, balance between work and private life, maternity protection, parental leave and equal treatment in the workplace and as self-employed persons.Attention is paid to EU strategic acts in this sphere, including: Strategic commitments to ensure gender equality, Gender equality strategies, Gender Action Plan – putting women and girls’ rights at the heart of the global recovery for a gender-equal world. The directions and obligations contained in the specified acts are disclosed; the EU measures adopted for their implementation (development of relevant recommendations, adoption of directives, preparation of annual reports) are outlined and attention is focused on perspective directions of the Union’s activities in this area.Attention is focused on the activities of specialized agencies, bodies and other structures whose competence include issues of protection of human rights and gender equality as their integral component, among which are indicated: the Advisory Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men, European Ombudsman, European Institute for Gender Equality, EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, European Women’s Lobby, European Network of Legal Experts on Gender Equality and Non-Discrimination. Their powers, legal basis of activity, competence and contribution to ensuring human rights in general and, in particular, the principle of gender equality within the EU, are characterized.

ОБЗОР ПРАКТИКИ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ФИНАНСОВОГО КОНТРОЛЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫМ КАЗНАЧЕЙСТВОМ И МЕТОДИКА ОЦЕНКИ ЕГО РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ

The article reveals the fundamental issues of the implementation by the Federal Treasury of control measures in the financial and budgetary sphere. The procedural aspect of the stages of the control activities of the Treasury of Russia is determined. An analysis of control measures for 2018-2020 was carried out. The main problems of the implementation of internal state financial control (hereinafter — the internal GFC) for the specified period are identified. The necessity and ways to increase the effectiveness of the Federal Treasury as an internal GFC body are determined. The need for the development of analytical support that regulates the assessment of the effectiveness of control activities is substantiated. It has been established that the unfavorable epidemiological situation has affected the reduction in the number of control measures, including field ones, which affects both the reduction of control objects and the development of digitalization of budgetary powers. The category of evaluation of the effectiveness of control activities is disclosed as a comprehensive dynamic analytical process for monitoring control activities in order to result in information about the current state and procedures for the functioning of the internal GFC system. A methodology for assessing the effectiveness of control activities is proposed, according to which the analytical support for assessing the effectiveness of the control activities of the Treasury of Russia are indicators that can be used to assess the state of planning, conducting, formalizing and implementing the results of control activities, considering complaints against control bodies and preparation of annual reports on control activities. The ways of further development of the internal GFC are substantiated, including the problematic aspects of analytical support and strengthening its role in the management of public finances.

Disclosure of information in accounting (financial) statements taking into account risk factors

The article discusses the specifics of information disclosure in the accounting (financial) statements of organizations, taking into account the changes in a number of PBUS introduced by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 287n of 27.11.2020. The problems of the article are relevant in the context of the preparation of annual reports and the need to form explanations to it, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents. The amendments significantly limited the disclosure requirements in the financial statements. The amount of information disclosed depends on the economic risks that accompany the information openness of economic entities. Opportunities for limited disclosure of information are associated with possible losses of an economic nature or damage to the business reputation of the organization. In this regard, when preparing the notes to the accounting (financial) statements, the management of the organization should make a decision on the amount of information that will not only allow the disclosure of material information, but also ensure the observance of prudence and caution. The article presents an algorithm for forming a professional judgment about the limitation of the amount of reporting information. The material of the article is presented taking into account the current regulatory framework, orders of the Ministry of Finance and explanations of specialists.

TEORI INSTITUSIONAL DALAM PENYUSUNAN DAN PUBLIKASI LAPORAN TAHUNAN SEKTOR PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS PADA KEMENTERIAN DAN LEMBAGA NEGARA DI INDONESIA)

The annual report, which is internationally recognized as an important tool for accountability and for delivering good information, has only been prepared by a few Ministries / State Institutions (MS/I) in Indonesia. This results in a lack of transparency and a lack of community participation. This study uses an institutional theory approach and aims to analyze the differences in MS/I motivation in the preparation and publication of annual reports and formulate efforts to increase that motivation. This research is a case study research by exploring the phenomena that occur in the preparation of MS/I annual reports and institutional factors that become the background. Data collection was carried out by distributing open-ended question questionnaires to Data and Information Management Officers from 86 MS/I. Respondents' answers were analyzed using content analysis techniques, thematic analysis, and constant comparative analysis. The results showed that the dominant logic is symbolic carriers at the national level, that is the logic that the preparation of annual reports is an "obligation" to implement the Act. Material carriers affect only the routines factor while relational systems and artifacts are not found to be constrained. Normative isomorphism occurs in all MS/I that are respondents of the study, while coercive isomorphism and mimetic isomorphism occur in 60% of MS/I. To encourage motivation for the preparation of annual reports, the government must prepare a clear regulation, standardized guidelines, internal SOPs and implement annual report awards.

Research on the Construction of Annual Report System of Urban Libraries in China

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly stated the modernization of the national governance system and the ability to govern. The library annual report system is a complete framework and mechanism for dealing with the interaction between the state, libraries, society and citizens. The important component is an important part of the modern state governance system. The Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law and the Public Library Law regulate the annual report. As one of the types of public cultural facilities, it is inevitable that public libraries establish an annual report system and improve the mechanism of library management and service. New situations and new problems encountered in systems, business processes, and improving service efficiency have a major role to play. The paper uses literature research, network research, questionnaires and other methods to investigate the current situation of the construction of the annual library system of urban libraries in various provinces and municipal libraries across the country. The Shenzhen Library and the Guangzhou Library have established an annual report system or norms, which are compiled in the annual report. In the process, there are problems such as imperfect system design, unattractive content structure, inconsistent data statistics, and timely timeliness. City libraries can propose strategies for improving system design, user experience, supervision and evaluation, and provide reference for the establishment of the annual public notice system and the preparation of annual reports for the new round of opportunities.

Design and implementation of on-line data submission and retrieval system for coordinated research trials in food legumes

Online data submission and retrieval system for coordinated research trials in food legumes has been developed with an aim to reduce the time and cost in collection, compilation, data analysis, retrieval and report generation. At the first instance, efforts were made to use plant breeding data as it covers more than 60% of total trials. The system has been developed using ASP.NET with C# as the front-end and SQL Server 2005 as back-end. This system has three online functional modules viz., Data Entry and Submission Module, Data Analysis Module and Report Generation Module. The system is designed to be user-friendly and is completely menu-driven with options for assigning login IDs and passwords. It can be accessed efficiently through URL: http://www.aicrpmullarp.res.in. The complete system has been presented, tested and validated during different Group Meets of AICRP on MULLaRP. The implemented system being satisfactorily used by the centres of AICRP on MULLaRP since last one year and has significantly reduced the manpower and processing time required for compilation, data analysis and preparation of annual report. The present article describes the design and implementation of on-line data submission and retrieval system for coordinated research trials in food legumes.

Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting through the Lens of ISO 26000: A Case of Malawian Quoted Companies

The paper examines the status of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in the annual reports of Malawian quoted companies through the lens of ISO 26000 - Guidance on social responsibility. The study used content analysis methodology. A CSR disclosure index was developed based on ISO 26000’s seven core subjects of social responsibility to measure the level of CSR information disclosure in the annual reports for 2012 and 2013. The results indicate that all the sampled companies were making some CSR disclosures in their annual reports; however the disclosure levels are generally low. Out of the seven CSR themes, the companies scored highly only on organisational governance category and above average on community involvement and development and labour practices categories. On the other hand, they scored poorly on human rights, consumer issues, fair operating practices and environment categories. Furthermore, low individual company scores and the overall score suggest that much more effort is needed to enhance CSR reporting among Malawian quoted companies. The study seems to highlight that there is low awareness amongst the preparers of annual reports regarding all relevant categories that make up CSR. Thus the study recommends promotion of ISO 26000 among them in order to promote holistic approach to CSR that may lead to holistic CSR reporting.

Prioritising disclosures in the annual report

Drawing upon information economics, this paper presents a relative assessment of 24 of the most common disclosure items in the management commentary and notes sections of the annual report. We design and conduct an Internet survey using a large representative sample of users with an investment focus (n = 288) and preparers of annual reports (n = 89). Using cost-effectiveness analysis, an evaluation method widely used in healthcare economics, the balance between preparation costs and user satisfaction, relative to user demand is assessed. Our main findings show that corporate social responsibility and corporate governance, the least demanded disclosure items in the management commentary, are also costly items to prepare. Further, preparers do not consider indirect costs (i.e. competitive position costs and potential litigation costs) of information provided in the management commentary to be a major concern. With regard to the notes, we find that business combinations (IFRS 3), financial instruments (IFRS 7) and impairment tests (IAS 36) are highly demanded but are also among the items most costly to prepare, and users are less satisfied with these notes. The findings have important implications for practitioners and policy-makers and can be used for setting priorities.

The usefulness of corporate annual reports in South Africa: perceptions of preparers and users

This article investigates the sources of financial information used for decisions regarding the buying, holding and selling of ordinary shares. The results of this questionnaire‐based study indicate that the main source of information used by those who prepare annual reports is stockbroker advice, whereas users of such reports prefer communication with management. Preparers of annual reports support the notion that annual reports are a useful source of information, but users prefer the preliminary announcement. Preparers read the income statement more thoroughly, while users read the cash flow statement more thoroughly. The article also provides information on the qualitative criteria used for assessing the usefulness of accounting practices, and some comments on the importance of setting standards and the objectives of the South African Statements of Generally Accepted Accounting Practice.

A system for supporting organizations in knowledge-based document preparation

The paper discusses how recurrent organizational activities such as document preparation can be supported by a knowledge-based document preparation tool. REGENT (REport GENeration Tool) is a software environment, which generates documents from reusable document pieces by planning, executing and monitoring the document preparation process in an organizational setting. The documents are constructed from stored document pieces using artificial intelligence methods. A system architecture is developed to enable the document generation process within a broader office automation setting. The report preparation process knowledge is captured in a knowledge representation scheme. A two-phased artificial intelligence problem solving strategy is developed to carry out the reasoning steps when configuring reports from document pieces. The REGENT environment is especially effective when preparing recurrent report types such as the preparation of annual reports. The approach is illustrated with examples gathered during the partial implementation of REGENT at FAW (Artificial Intelligence Research Institute).

Introduction

The January 1995 issue of this journal included an article titled "The Degradation of a Nation," in which G. F. Morozova presented overwhelming statistical evidence that there is a real social crisis in Russia. Among the groups identified as suffering the most from the pains of the nation's transformation, children and the elderly were at the top of the list. The plight of children in Russia had been noted by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, in response to which the Russian government issued a decree in 1993 that required preparation of annual reports on the condition of children in the Russian Federation.

Preparation of Annual Reports

Preparation of Annual Reports