Preparation For Birth Research Articles

Women Friendly: The effectiveness of a woman-centered childbirth intervention in Israel

Women with symptoms of post-trauma are vulnerable during childbirth and often lack trust in the medical staff in the delivery rooms. They are therefore in need of a sensitive intervention to prevent the formation or exacerbation of trauma in the perinatal period. This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a “Woman Friendly” (WF)intervention for women with a history of trauma. During this intervention, the women were informed about childbirth and prepared for the delivery. Fourteen mothers aged 28–41 with symptoms of post-trauma who had participated in the WF intervention were interviewed about their experience within six months after giving birth. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis yielded six themes. One theme was during the pre-delivery period: 1) Preparation of the WF document. Four themes were during the delivery: 1) The WF document as an advocate; 2) security and safety; 3) Controlling the situation; and 4) Respect and kindness from the medical staff. The final theme was limitations of the WF intervention. It seems that a birth preparation intervention adapted to the needs of emotionally vulnerable women can help them to have positive birth experience. Childbirth preparation for these women should focus on their sensitivities rather than trauma-processing. The WF intervention holds promise for women with symptoms of post-trauma and should be further evaluated in future research.

Midwives’ account of virtual reality childbirth education

In Finland, prenatal clinics and birthing hospitals struggle with resources to provide expectant parents with childbirth education (CBE) and a tour of the hospital birthing unit. Not preparing for birth is common, and not knowing how and where to give birth causes parents unnecessary stress during pregnancy. One new possibility to complement CBE is using virtual reality (VR) to deliver content. The aim of this study is to describe midwives' views of the status of parents' preparation for birth and provide information on the VR CBE program's advantages and challenges from the midwife's perspective. The study consisted of two focus group sessions with seven participants. Participants were midwives with experience from a hospital birthing ward and had provided childbirth education. The data was analysed using a thematic content analysis approach. According to the midwives, the parents do not prepare for birth well enough. Preparing for birth affects the parents' knowledge about childbirth, their cooperation with the healthcare personnel, and how they trust the birthing process, themselves, and the healthcare personnel. Preparation can also have adverse effects if the birthing person is trying to give birth with a detailed plan or has false expectations. Parents should focus on knowledge, attitude, and mental and physical exercise in preparing for childbirth. By preparing from trusted sources, parents can make informed decisions. They have the skills to stay calm, relaxed, and open-minded during labour and birth. Physical and mental exercise will help them cope with labour and relax their mind and bodies during birth. Midwives see VR as offering great potential for concrete, realistic, and flexible childbirth education that can address current challenges. They were also worried that VR could replace face-to-face contact. However, since there is minimal such contact in the current CBE, VR could enhance childbirth education and offer a realistic and concrete image of birth and a hospital tour. Midwives want families to prepare better for birth and work on their knowledge, attitude, and exercise. By preparing, parents understand childbirth, trust themselves, the birthing process, and the midwives; cooperation works better. Midwives see VR as an excellent addition to childbirth education by offering realistic and concrete online childbirth education. VR should not replace face-to-face contact.

MODERN APPROACHES TO BIRTH CONTROL: MANAGING PAIN AND MINIMISING COMPLICATIONS

The thesis focuses on modern approaches to birth control, concentrating on methods of pain management and minimizing complications. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of pain management are reviewed, as well as psychological techniques to reduce anxiety and fear in women during labor. The importance of birth preparation and antenatal education is mentioned, as well as the role of modern fetal monitoring and an interdisciplinary approach in ensuring safety and comfort. The article highlights the importance of individualized care for each woman and the need for comprehensive management of the pregnant woman to optimize the birth experience.

Husband responses towards birth preparedness, complications readiness, and associated factors in southern Ethiopia: the case of Kena District

Background Birth preparedness and complication readiness is a holistic approach that empowers mothers and families with the knowledge, attitude, and resources to alleviate potential challenges during childbirth. Despite its benefits, husbands' participation in maternal care differs significantly between countries and regions. There is a lack of previous studies that look at husbands' responses to birth preparedness and complication readiness in the research area. Thus, the primary goal of this study is to find out how husbands who have wives with infants under 12 months old feel about birth preparation, readiness for problems, and its associated factors.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May 30 to July 29, 2022. Simple random sampling was employed to select 499 husbands. An interviewer-administered, structured, and pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi Data version 4.6 and SPSS version 25, respectively. We used multivariable logistic regression to find statistically significant factors. P-values less than 0.05, 95% confidence intervals, and adjusted odds ratios are used to declare statistical significance. The findings were shown in figures, tables, and text.ResultsThe study found that 55.9% (95% CI: 51.4 to 61.4%) of husbands responded to birth preparedness and complication readiness. This response was significantly associated with being employed (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.27–5.95), engaging in self-business (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI: 2.34–12.01), having wives who delivered in health facilities (AOR = 7.1, 95% CI: 3.92–12.86), accompanying wives for antenatal care (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.39–3.56), possessing good knowledge of danger signs during labor (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.08–3.74) and the postnatal period (AOR = 7.1, 95% CI: 3.14–16.01). Interestingly, residents living near a health facility (AOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.39–0.97) were less likely to respond.ConclusionThe present study found that nearly 6 out of 10 husbands actively responded in terms of birth preparedness and complication readiness. While husbands in this study showed some involvement in birth preparedness and complications, it is good when compared to studies carried out nationally. To improve this, educating husbands by focusing on the danger signs and their role in childbirth is recommended.

Originalarbeiten / Original Article. Chancen und Risiken genderstereotyper Ansprache von Männern im Kontext der Bildungs- und Beratungsarbeit am Beispiel der Geburtsvorbereitung für werdende Väter / Opportunities and Risks of Gender-Stereotypical Approach to Men in the Context of Education and Counselling Work Using the Example of Birth Preparation for Expectant Fathers

Opportunities and Risks of Gender-Stereotypical Approach to Men in the Context of Education and Counselling Work Using the Example of Birth Preparation for Expectant Fathers At first glance, it seems absurd that families or mothers and fathers become addressees of social work when they decide to have a child. But the legislator has also formulated it: "Mothers and fathers as well as pregnant women and expectant fathers should be offered advice and help in questions of partnership and the development of parental parenting and relationship skills" (§16 paragraph 3 SGB VIII). One can argue that this makes sense, especially in complex and challenging times. Fathers in particular are confronted with an increasing ambivalence between caring father and providing breadwinner. Against the background of crisis-ridden conditions, this ambivalence can be perceived as strenuous living conditions, so that the addressing of social work is justified. Gender-homogeneous psychosocial services for fathersto- be make counselling and educational processes in the sense of helping them to help themselves be used by the addressees. In this article, the gender-stereotypical addressing of men in the context of education and counselling services is presented and discussed using the example of gender-homogeneous birth preparation courses for expectant fathers, on the basis of empirical findings.

The effect of pregnancy pilates-assisted childbirth preparation training on urinary incontinence and birth outcomes: a randomized-controlled study

PurposeTo examine the effect of pregnancy pilates-assisted birth preparation training on urinary incontinence (UI) including stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) during pregnancy, and the postpartum period and birth outcomes.MethodIn this single-center, single-blind, randomized, controlled study, 126 participants who have 28–30 weeks of gestation and nulliparous were randomly assigned to receive either the (n = 63) or control group (n = 63). The study was carried out between March and August 2022. Pregnancy pilates intervention was applied twice in a week, a total of 8 weeks to pilates group. The control group was given routine obstetric and pregnancy care. A personal data form and the Michigan Incontinence Severity Index Form (M-ISI) were used as data collection tools.ResultsThe mean weight gains of the experimental group during pregnancy were significantly lower than the control group. The experimental group had almost twice the rate of vaginal birth than those of the control group. The duration of labor mean score of experimental group was 5 h and 43 min less than the duration of labor of the control group (p < 0.001). After intervention, and postpartum period, the SUI and UUI severity of the experimental group was significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionPilates-assisted childbirth preparation training reduced the severity of UI including SUI and UUI symptoms during pregnancy and the early postpartum. In addition, pilates-assisted childbirth preparation training contributes to decrease in weight gain during pregnancy, the increase in the vaginal birth rate, and the shortening of the duration of labor.Trial registrationNCT06185439

Husband's involvement in utilization of maternal health services by their spouse in district Rohtak, Haryana.

Husband and wife as a couple are fully responsible for their current and future. In our society, the husband is mostly responsible for making the decision regarding any expenses. In India, there is a need to reduce the maternal mortality rate, and Husband's involvement in antenatal care could be a key to success as it will enable them to support their partner in adequate preparation for birth and to utilize emergency obstetric care early if complications arise. To find out about male involvement in the utilization of maternal healthcare services by their spouse and various factors affecting male involvement in the utilization of maternal healthcare services. This study was conducted in urban and rural field practice areas attached to the Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak. The study included 400 couples where 200 each were recruited from rural and urban areas. Out of 17 subcenters under CHC Chiri eight, subcenters were selected randomly by lottery method. A line list of these couples was prepared at each subcenter using ANC and birth register. Couples were enrolled from this line list till a sample size of 25 was reached at each of these eight subcenters. In this way, a total of 200 couples were enrolled from rural areas in which women delivered and availed maternal health services in the last 6 months. In urban areas, an equal number of couples were enrolled from each of these three urban health posts till the sample size of 200 was reached in an urban area. The majority of the husbands (73%) reported that they participated in their wives' utilization of maternal health services. Twenty-seven percent did not participate in their wives' utilization of maternal health services. It also showed that 71.0% of the husbands did not know about the investigations that needed to be performed during a woman's pregnancy. Only 29% were aware of it. On analysis, it was observed that 73% of the husbands had good participation in their spouses' maternal and child health (MCH) care, while the rest had poor participation (27%). It also showed that as the education level of the participants' husbands increased, their participation in their spouses' MCH care increased, with the highest being observed among graduates (91.3%) and the lowest among those with primary schooling level education (66.7%) which were statistically significant.

Sense of self in first-time pregnancy

Pregnancy is a time of profound upheaval of the self, when in addition to undergoing dramatic physical changes to accommodate a developing foetus, significant cognitive and social transformations occur in preparation for birth and parenthood. So far, research into cognitive constructions of the self has been either infant-centric or psychopathology-focused, so our understanding of the healthy, changing self in pregnancy remains relatively poor. This online experiment uses online questionnaires and two cognitive tasks to investigate how constructs relating to the mental self-model, including body representation, self-concept clarity, sense of agency, general self-efficacy and self-attribute learning, differ between first-time pregnant (n = 100) and never-been pregnant (n = 102) women. Results indicate that first-time pregnancy is associated with a significantly higher sense of body agency, body visibility, and body estrangement. Poorer accuracy for newly learned associations was also observed in the pregnant group. Whilst a typical self-processing bias was observed in both groups as expected, an intentional binding effect was absent. Notably, post-hoc exploratory analyses provide initial evidence for trimester effects, with a decisively higher self-reported sense of negative agency in the first trimester compared to the never-pregnant group and other trimesters. Further, body agency and self-efficacy were higher in the second-trimester group compared to the never-pregnant group, suggesting a period of relative recovery and consolidation of the new self. Taken together, our results suggest that aspects of self-representation and agency undergo significant shifts over the course of pregnancy and provide multiple exciting avenues for future research.

Étude de l’anxiété liée à la grossesse et de la peur d’accouchement et de leurs facteurs associés

Pregnancy and childbirth are periods of major transition characterized by physical, biological, and psychological disruptions that can affect women's mental health. Women are particularly vulnerable to a large variety of anxiety disorders such as tocophobia and pregnancy-related anxiety. Our study aimed to assess the intensity of pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, to identify associated factors, and to investigate the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety, fear of childbirth, marital satisfaction, and social support. Our study was carried on in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the Hedi Chaker Hospital in Sfax – Tunisia from 22 February 2023 to 31 July 2023. To assess pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth, we used the Pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire and the Fear of Childbirth Scale, respectively. Social support and marital satisfaction were assessed using the Social Provisions Scale and the Azrin Scale. We enrolled 350 women with a mean age of 29.3 years. In 53.7% of cases, they had not completed secondary school and in 60.9% of cases, they were housewives. In the assessment of marital satisfaction based on the AZRIN score, 38.8% of women had good marital satisfaction (score above 6), 20.9% had poor satisfaction (score below 5) and 40.3% had average satisfaction (score between 5 and 6). Social support scores ranged from 14 to 40, with an average of 30.22 and a standard deviation of 4.66. The mean score for anxiety related to pregnancy was 31.24 and 48.7 for fear of childbirth. Pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth were positively and strongly correlated. In multivariate analysis, the independent factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth were a negative experience during the last childbirth, episiotomy, lack of information before episiotomy, and intense sympathetic signs. Sufficient psychological support from the health care team was a protective factor against the fear of childbirth. Marital satisfaction and perceived social support were weakly and negatively correlated with pregnancy-related anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth preparation and marital and social support are the cornerstones of a pregnant woman's well-being.

Nulliparous women’s lived experiences of the prolonged passive stage of labour: A thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology

IntroductionProlonged progress can occur in the first and second stages of labour and may contribute to a negative birth experience. However, previous studies have mainly focused on quantitative aspects or overall birth experience, and little is known about women’s experiences of a prolonged passive second stage. ObjectiveTo describe the lived experiences of a prolonged passive second stage of labour in nulliparous women. MethodsA qualitative study was conducted with 15 nulliparous women with a passive second stage lasting three hours or more. Data were analysed using thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. ResultsThe analysis resulted in four themes: “An unknown phase” that entailed remaining in a phase that the women lacked an awareness of. “Trust and mistrust in the body’s ability” represents the mindset for vaginal birth as well as feelings of powerlessness and self-guilt. The theme “Loss of control” included experiences of frustration, fatigue, and having to deny bodily instincts. “Support through presence and involvement” signifies support through the midwife’s presence in the birthing room, although there were also descriptions of emotional or physical absence. ConclusionsThe findings contribute to the understanding of prolonged labour based on women’s lived experiences and add to the body of knowledge about the prolonged passive second stage. This study highlights that women need support through information, presence, and encouragement to remain in control. It can be beneficial during birth preparation to include knowledge about the passive second stage together with unexpected or complicated situations during birth, such as prolonged labour.

The Effect of Music to Pregnant Women on Birth Anxiety and Mental Well-Being: A randomized controlled study

The research was conducted to determine the effect of music listened to during the third trimester of pregnancy on birth anxiety and mental well-being during pregnancy. The sample of the study included 50 pregnant women in each group, 100 in total, who applied to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic of the State Hospital in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey for routine examination and Non-Stress Test (NST), who met the inclusion criteria for the study, who were listened to music (experimental group) and the control group. . The data of the study was collected by face-to-face interview method using the Personal Information Form, Oxford Birth Anxiety Scale (OWLS) and Warwick-Edinburg Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) between January 15, 2019 and June 15, 2019. In the research, pre-test and post-test were applied to the experimental and control groups. A pre-test was applied to the experimental group, and then they were listened to music accompanied by daydreaming for 20 minutes, 5 times on different days each week. A posttest was administered at the end of the application. The control group was administered only the pretest and the posttest five weeks later. According to the results of the research, when the pre-test and post-test scores of the pregnant women participating in the experimental group were compared, it was seen that their concerns about pain during birth, distress, prenatal uncertainty, and interventions to be performed decreased in the post-test. Feeling good, self-confidence increased, mental well-being and coping levels increased. In line with these results, it is recommended that pregnant women be listened to music, given birth preparation suggestions, and implemented together with midwives in order to reduce birth anxiety and increase mental well-being during pregnancy.

A qualitative examination of factors influencing pregnancy-related anxiety in Northern Ghana

IntroductionDespite high prevalence of anxiety among pregnant women in low- and -middle-income countries, research on context-specific conceptualisation, measurement, and predictors of pregnancy-related anxiety (PrA) is limited in these contexts. We explored local conceptualisations of factors influencing PrA in the Northern Region of Ghana. MethodsWe conducted 15 focus group discussions with antenatal care seekers in the Mion District, Savelugu Municipality, and Tamale Metropolis of the Northern Region, in July and August 2021. Multistage stratified purposive sampling was used to select respondents (n = 108). The data were audio-recorded and transcribed, and then we conducted a thematic analysis of the data. ResultsAt the individual level, fear of anaemia; pre-existing health conditions; challenges with daily activities; and physical, emotional, and sexual abuses from spouses contributed to PrA. Health system failures resulting in unexpected out-of-pocket payments, negative health worker attitudes, diagnostic errors, constraints on birth preparation and birth process, and potential adverse birth outcomes were understood as driving PrA. Socio-cultural factors influencing PrA comprised beliefs and practices around baby naming/outdooring ceremonies, fear of spiritual attacks, social construction of gender roles, and contextual factors such as transportation challenges. ConclusionPregnant women in the region understood, experienced, and could identify perceived predictors of PrA. To address PrA, we recommend that mental health services should be integrated into the basic package of antenatal care and rural health services should be improved. Perceived predictors of PrA identified here could be included in the design of a context-specific PrA measure for use in the region.

Effect of Birth Preparation Coaching Sessions on Women's Self Efficacy for Coping with Labor Pains and Outcomes

Effect of Birth Preparation Coaching Sessions on Women's Self Efficacy for Coping with Labor Pains and Outcomes

Factors Associated with Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Pregnant Women in Nepal

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality is major problem especially affecting newly industrialized and developing countries. Birth preparedness and complication readiness is a strategy used in maternal and new-born health to promote safe and healthy pregnancy and delivery by preparing women and families to avoid complications. This includes utilization of prenatal care, identifying health worker and health facilities, managing budget and transportation, identifying potential complications, and receiving health services. Objective: The study aimed assess factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women. Methodology: A quantitative, community based cross sectional analytical study was conducted between January and July 2023 among 221 pregnant women complete 14 weeks of gestational age. Birth preparedness and complication readiness was measured using standard tool of JIPIEGO. Epi-data version 3.1 for data entry and SPSS version 20 was used for further analysis. Chi-square test was used to observe the statistical association and predictors of birth preparation and readiness were assessed using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The study showed only one quarter (26.6%) of pregnant women were prepared, among the participants, 50.7% had selected health facilities, 40% had arranged transportation, 38% save money, 12.2% identified health works and 10% identified possible blood donor. Education status, occupation, income, husbands’ occupation, gestational age, counselling time, knowledge about incentive, was found statistically significant. Education of mother (AOR=15.275, 95% CI: 1.775-131.421), family income (AOR=4.977, 95% CI: 1.263-19.608) and gestational age (AOR=3.716, 95% CI: 1.200-11.504) were found to be predictors of birth preparedness and complication readiness. Conclusions: The study showed only about one fourth of the pregnant women had well prepared for birth complication and readiness. Birth preparedness and complication readiness play a vital role in the prevention of maternal and neonatal mortality. Health workers should emphasize to increase awareness and provide counselling during antenatal visit.

Obstetric outcomes and uptake of care among 149 non-Swedish speaking migrant women attending a birth preparation visit during pregnancy – An observational study from Sweden

IntroductionIn Sweden almost one third of the population is born in another country and a large number of the women who do not speak Swedish are of reproductive age. Women migrating from low-income countries have higher risks for poor obstetric outcomes than receiving country-born citizens. INFOR (a Swedish word for “before” or “ahead of”) is an intervention offering language-assisted, individual birth preparation for non-Swedish speaking pregnant women unfamiliar with the maternity care system. The aim of this study was to describe the uptake of care and obstetric outcomes among non-Swedish speaking migrant women attending INFOR. MethodsA descriptive study of the obstetric outcomes and uptake of care was conducted of the 149 non-Swedish speaking pregnant women who participated in INFOR between 2016 and 2020. The data were accessed retrospectively from the medical record system Obstetrix and the population-based Swedish Pregnancy Registry and analysed descriptively. ResultsWomen participating in INFOR originated from 44 countries and spoke 35 different languages. During late pregnancy, 20 percent of the women sought care for decreased fetal movements and 80 percent of the women attended the postpartum visit. While the majority of the participants were offered professional language support during pregnancy, almost none had a professional interpreter present during labour and birth. After birth, 80 percent of the primiparous women were asked to rate their birth experience, but only half of the multiparous women were asked. Further, only half of the primiparous women attending the postpartum visit were asked about their self-rated health. ConclusionINFOR may increase uptake of some important aspects of care during pregnancy, birth and postpartum among migrants of diverse backgrounds. The findings raise concerns however about communication support for migrant women, especially during labour and birth. The offer of professional interpreting as part of standard maternity care for women who need it is essential and must be improved in order to provide equitable care for all.

'Integrated antenatal care pathway':&amp;nbsp; a regional experience in Belgium (Flanders).

In a 2019 publication, the KCE (the Federal Knowledge Center, an independent research institution providing scientific advice on health care as requested by the Belgian government) proposes to monitor all pregnant women in Belgium through an “Integrated Antenatal Care pathway”. The baseline care needs to be expanded in case of high medical risk or psychosocial vulnerability.&#x0D; This advice addressed some new aspects: the extension of the classic clinical (medical) follow-up with Individual Counseling Consultation (ICC) sessions, sessions for Birth Preparation and Parenthood Education (BPPE). The pregnant woman chooses one health care provider as coordinator. The coordinator draws up an individual care plan and, if necessary, extends the standard counseling (general practitioner, gynecologist, midwife, physiotherapist and regional child guidance services) to a social worker, mental health care professionals and other specialists. The coordinator organizes Multidisciplinary Antenatal Consultation (MAO) if needed. Holistic view on patientcare and shared decision making are keypoints.&#x0D; In the East Flemish Brabant region, the execution of such an integrated care pathway was started following this advice and has been implemented since late 2021 under coordination of vzw De Bakermat, a center of expertise in Maternity care.&#x0D; The Bakermat previously also set up a pilot project called 'Kort in Kraamkliniek' (KIK), a postnatal care pathway, to reduce the length of postnatal hospital stays in the region, also upon request by the government. Similarly, seamless transition of the transmural care was crucial for the patient.&#x0D; The development of the integrated antenatal care pathway was a challenging, complex process of co-creation, involving a large number of partners in the region from the start. The region spanned across the entire ""Plexus"" hospital network covering 585,000 inhabitants, consisting of three regional and one supra-regional (university) hospital. Collaboration occurred across lines and trans-disciplinary. Existing organizations with local initiatives of integrated care and well-being were involved, in light of their shared vision and expertise. Therefore, the project did not only create a care pathway but also a strong interconnectedness between all partners involved!&#x0D; The project resulted in uniformity and greater clarity for caregiver and care recipient. One follow-up schedule was created and all patient info was centralized. At the beginning of each pregnancy, there is a screening for psychosocial vulnerability, through a scientifically validated tool (Born In Belgium, antenatal screening of vulnerability). Red flags for referral from primary to secondary care were listed to maximize the use of additional expertise.&#x0D; Electronic data sharing in a joint patient file is complex and will be further developed.&#x0D; The quality of the project is continuously monitored through a set of indicators coordinated by the Academic Center for General Practice of the KULeuven. Regular training sessions are organized by and for all project partners. Meanwhile, the regional coordination and adjustment of the project in the future is embedded in and provided by the center of expertise for maternity care.&#x0D; &#x0D;

PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN KELAS IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PERSIAPAN PERSALINAN DI DESA TALAGA KECAMATAN MANCAK TAHUN 2023

The program organized by the Ministry of Health to support this step is the class for pregnant women. Class activities for pregnant women use learning methods, one of which is by discussing the material in the MCH book. The use of the MCH handbook is expected to improve the quality of maternal and child health and nutrition services so that one of the national development goals, namely reducing MMR and IMR, can be achieved. Based on the above, the researcher is interested in conducting research entitled "The Influence of Conducting Pregnant Women's Classes on Knowledge About Birth Preparation in Talaga Village, Mancak District in 2023". Research Objectives: To find out the level of influence of holding pregnant women's classes on knowledge about childbirth preparation. Research Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental with purposive sampling with a sample of 30 people. Data techniques included in univariate analysis using the normalization test and bivariate analysis using the SPSS program statistical calculations. Research results: The results of the Paired Sample Test show that the Sign (2-tailed) value is 0.000 &lt;0.05, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using the answer gallery learning strategy in leaving learning outcomes for pregnant women classes in Talaga village, Mancak sub-district. Conclusions and Suggestions: There is a significant influence of class knowledge on pregnant women. It is expected that pregnant women can attend classes for pregnant women

Women's views and experiences of pregnancy yoga. A qualitative evidence synthesis

BackgroundPregnancy yoga is a holistic practice to support the physiological and psychological changes women experience in pregnancy, with the potential to be offered by mainstream maternity services. Evidence suggests benefits of pregnancy yoga are reduced anxiety and stress, enhanced mood and sleep, with reported improvements in physical and overall wellbeing. Women report that yoga in pregnancy assists in their birth preparation and self-efficacy in labour, with improved labour and birth experience. To date, a Qualitative Evidence Synthesis (QES) of qualitative studies of women's experiences of pregnancy yoga has not been undertaken and accordingly, the literature lacks a high-level synthesis of women's first-hand accounts. MethodsThis qualitative systematic review aims to synthesise and present new evidence about women's views and experiences of pregnancy yoga. Qualitative studies reporting women's views and experiences of practising pregnancy yoga as a sole intervention, were eligible for inclusion. Systematic searches of eight academic databases, AMED, ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, MIDIRS, PsycInfo and Web of Science, accompanied by extensive searches of Grey Literature, and evidence libraries, took place in May 2022. The methodological quality of included studies was formally evaluated, independently, by two reviewers using an adapted quality assessment tool. Data extraction followed and thematic synthesis, using the Thomas and Harden 2008 framework, was the validated method for the development of six analytical themes. ResultsSeven studies, providing the experiences of 92 pregnant women, were included in the review. The methodological quality of the studies was mixed, with three of the seven scoring highly and two scoring medium for weight of evidence. The three key synthesised themes were: Equilibrium; Personal Autonomy in Healthcare; and Connection. There were six analytical subthemes: intuitive knowing, embedding the practice of yoga practice, practical toolkit, holistic care, baby bonding and peer social support. ConclusionSynthesis of pregnant women's voices identified what women want - easy access to the holistic benefits of pregnancy yoga; what they recommend - pregnancy yoga provided as mainstream maternity support and what should be provided – pregnancy yoga for all women, not only those who can afford to pay; Paying attention to what women identify as important, brings us closer to a woman-centred maternity service.

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL EFIKASI DIRI DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN NORMAL BERBASIS KARIKATUR DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL

The incidence of childbirth complications itself is a determinant of maternal morbidity and mortality. The importance of preparation is carried out as a program of instruction with a specific purpose and structure. Birth preparation aims to prepare all the needs during pregnancy and childbirth. Mother's self-efficacy can describe the ability to go through the birth process well. This is an important factor influencing women's motivation to give birth normally. This study aims to develop a caricature-based module to increase mothers' self-efficacy in dealing with normal delivery. The design used in this study is the R &amp; D (Research and Development) method through 5 stages. After developing the module, a product trial was carried out using the Pilot Study. The number of participants in the module trial was 20 participants who were Trimester II and Trimester III pregnant women. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive and paired T-test. The results of the research show that development has been carried out through literature studies and focus group discussions (FGD) with the stages of material validation by 4 material experts and 2 media experts, where the results of the posttest module trial score were 81.04. The increase in knowledge before and after education is 24.99. This shows that the developed module can increase mother's knowledge. The developed module can be used by pregnant women to increase knowledge that will support the increase in the mother's self-efficacy in dealing with childbirth.

Effects of the web-based birth preparation programme and motivational interviews on primigravida women: Randomized-controlled study.

This study aimed to identify the effects of a web-based birth preparation programme based on the Health Belief Model and supported by motivational interviews on fear of childbirth, self-efficacy and the labour process in primigravida women. The study was conducted in a single-blind, randomized controlled design with 73 pregnant women. The Birth Health Belief Scale, the Wijma Delivery Expectation/Experience Questionnaire A-B, the Childbirth Self-efficacy Scale and the Labour Process Assessment forms were used to collect data. Five sessions of motivational interviews were held with the pregnant women in the experimental group, while those in the control group were administered placebo education. Fear of birth was lower, and the birth self-efficacy total score was higher in the experimental group. None of the groups indicated significant differences in terms of their mode of delivery. Health Belief Model-based web-based birth preparation programme and motivational interviews were found to reduce the fear of birth, increase self-efficacy and positively affect the birth process in primigravida women.