Prenatal Sonographic Diagnosis Research Articles

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of abdominal wall defects and stenoses of the intestinal tract

Today prenatal sonographic diagnosis of abdominal defects and stenoses of the intestine is possible without few exceptions during general screening in the 20th week of gestation. In a retrospective study, 56 malformations in this area were investigated, which had been diagnosed at the University Hospital Freiburg during 1973 and 1985. Besides the criteria of sonographic diagnosis the etiology, incidence, prognostic factors, the course of pregnancy and delivery and the postpartal management are described. The rate of direct sonographic diagnosis in this area has increased from 26% up to 91%. The worst prognosis was found in infants with diaphragmatic hernias and exomphalos, whereas infants with stenosis of duodenum and small intestine had the best prognosis.

The Dandy-Walker malformation prenatal sonographic diagnosis and its clinical significance.

To determine the usual sonographic findings and clinical significance of the Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) identified in utero, we reviewed seven proven cases diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound during a 6-year period. All patients demonstrated complete or partial absence of the cerebellar vermis and a posterior fossa cyst. Other central nervous system (CNS) findings included hydrocephalus (five cases) and agenesis of the corpus callosum (one case). Extra-CNS abnormalities were prospectively identified in 3 of 4 fetuses with multiple anomalies. Chromosomal analysis was performed on all four fetuses with multiple extra-CNS anomalies, yielding 2 abnormal karyotypes (trisomy 18 and mosaic trisomy 13). Fetal mortality was directly dependent on the presence of extra-CNS anomalies. Five fetuses ultimately died, including all four with multiple extra-CNS anomalies. The remaining two patients are alive at 1.5 and 6 years of age. We conclude that DWM has a distinctive sonographic appearance that can be identified by prenatal ultrasound and that identification of DWM should initiate a careful search for concurrent anomalies as well as consideration of chromosomal analysis.

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of endocardial fibroelastosis secondary to aortic stenosis.

Endocardial fibroelastosis is characterized by a diffuse thickening of the left ventricular endocardium with or without other cardiac anomalies. This entity had been diagnosed prenatally previously (Bovicelli et al., 1984) at a gestational age of 36 weeks. A case of endocardial fibroelastosis due to aortic stenosis accompanied by pericardial effusion, ascites, and hydramnion, diagnosed ultrasonographically and confirmed pathologically at 21 weeks of gestation, is presented.

Gastroschisis: prenatal diagnosis and management.

Ten fetuses with gastroschisis on whom a prenatal sonographic diagnosis and evaluation were available and who delivered at the University of California, San Francisco, were evaluated retrospectively. Six fetuses were delivered vaginally without mortality and minimal or absent morbidity. Four were delivered abdominally, 2 for unrelated obstetrical indications. A 3rd fetus had a suspected prenatal bowel perforation and was the sole mortality. Only 1 mother underwent primary cesarean section, specifically due to the fetal gastroschisis. Umbilical cord pH values were normal in those delivered vaginally. With careful ultrasound examination and immediate neonatal surgical capability in a level III perinatal center, vaginal delivery of fetuses with gastroschisis can be associated with excellent outcome. A multinational randomized study of the delivery mode of fetuses with gastroschisis is necessary and appropriate at this time.

Biliary atresia in the newborn

A prenatal sonographic diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia was made and, 76 hours after birth, operatively confirmed. A standard Kasai operation was performed, with the exception of the use of an ancillary appendiceal conduit to provide biliary drainage of an independent bile duct draining the right anterior hepatic segment. Hepatic and ductal histology were identical to those usually found in biliary atresia in a 6- to 8-week-old infant. The child is well at 16 months.

Congenital short femur: prenatal sonographic diagnosis.

Journal of Ultrasound in MedicineVolume 4, Issue 7 p. 361-363 Case Reports Congenital short femur: prenatal sonographic diagnosis. M Graham, M GrahamSearch for more papers by this author M Graham, M GrahamSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 July 1985 https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.1985.4.7.361Citations: 9AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume4, Issue7Jul 1985Pages 361-363 RelatedInformation