Eruption Of Premolars Research Articles

Role of decompression in pediatric mandibular odontogenic keratocyst

Special care is required for the management of jaw lesions in pediatric population. The following article describes the decompression technique as the least aggressive approach for the management of pediatric mandibular odontogenic keratocyst. A custom-made acrylic splint was fabricated around teeth, and it was attached to a piece of Foley’s catheter to be used as a decompression port. Subsequent radiographs revealed a decrease in the size of radiolucency, bone formation, and eruption of permanent premolars during a time period of 1 year only. This technique prevents damage to permanent tooth buds, vital anatomic structures like inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle, and fracture of bone which may occur with other common techniques of management of odontogenic keratocyst.

Proposal for a grading system to determine the clinical status and sequence of permanent teeth eruption: A pilot study

ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to propose and test a new grading system to quantify the clinical eruption of teeth into the oral cavity. In addition, the study also aimed to apply the grading system to a sample population to determine the chronology and sequence of permanent tooth eruptions, comparing the results with an existing standard table. MethodsA cross-sectional study was designed, and 1220 children aged 5–18 years were selected from five schools in Chennai. The clinical status of permanent tooth eruption was graded using the newly proposed system. The sequence and chronology of permanent tooth eruptions were determined using Probit analysis and compared with those established by Logan and Kronfeld. The difference in stages of eruption between the sexes was analyzed using the ANOVA test. ResultsThe study sample included 515 boys and 705 girls. A total of 23,218 permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth were examined and graded. Of the 11,085 maxillary teeth, 367 were classified as grade 1, 660 as grade 2, and 10,058 as grade 3. Similarly, of the 12,133 mandibular teeth, 497 were grade 1, 793 were grade 2, and 10,843 were grade 3. The eruption of the maxillary canines, second molars, and mandibular second premolars was observed to have occurred earlier than in the traditional table of tooth eruption. The most significant differences in the stages of eruption between the sexes were observed in the 9–12 age group. ConclusionsThe newly proposed grading system was found to be simple, objective, less confusing, and more robust, compared with the existing systems in determining the clinical status of tooth eruptions. The ages of eruption of maxillary canines, second molars, and mandibular second premolars were earlier.

Eruption Pattern of Permanentcanine and Premolar Teeth among School Children aged 10 to 12 Years in a Rural Area: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Forensic dentistry is a specialized field that evaluates dental evidence to identify unidentified individuals and missing persons in legal proceedings. Dental charts are compared with known records to establish identity. Accurate age determination is crucial, and dental age assessment is reliable up to 17 years. The study aims to analyze permanent teeth eruption patterns of canines and premolars in school children aged 10 to 12, contributing valuable insights for accurate age determination and identification in legal cases. The research seeks to aid the interest of justice in criminal, civil, and employment-related scenarios by understanding dental eruption patterns in this age group.Methods: This was across-sectional study conducted among the school children of south Kerala belonging to age group of 10-12 years. Eruption pattern of permanent canines and premolars of 562 subjects were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software.Conclusion: Sequence of eruption pattern of permanent canines and premolars were compared and it was observed with statistical significance that eruption of canineprecedes the eruption of second premolars. All the teeth erupted earlier in females compared to males.There was a significant relation with reduced body mass index and delayed eruption of teeth.

Comparison of the different methods of width estimation in unerupted canine and premolars

BackgroundThere are different methods for determining the required space for unerupted teeth. However, the accuracy of these techniques varies depending on ethnic differences. Therefore, the current study was performed to compare the accuracy of four methods for estimating the mesiodistal width of unerupted canines and premolars in a population of northern Iran.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 pairs of dental casts of patients aged 12–24 years old. The mesiodistal width of the teeth was measured with a digital caliper by two observers (ICC < 0.9), and the mean value was recorded. The space required for eruption of canines and premolars was obtained by the Tanaka-Johnson formula and the Moyers tables and compared with the actual value by paired t test.ResultsThe Tanaka-Johnson formula had overestimation in the maxilla and mandible, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The values obtained from the Moyers tables in different confidence levels were not accurate. However, the 65% level for the mandible had almost no difference from the actual value (P = 0.996 and r2 = 0.503). Furthermore, linear regression was obtained based on the total mesiodistal width of the maxillary first molar and mandibular central incisor (maxilla: Yx= 0.613X + 2.23 and mandible: Ym= 0.618X + 1.6) and the total mesiodistal width of the mandibular first molar and maxillary central incisor in each jaw (maxilla: Yx = 0.424X + 5.021 and mandible: Ym = 0.447X + 3.631).ConclusionThe Tanaka-Johnson method was overestimated in the population of northern Iran. The 85% and 75% confidence levels of the Moyers table have the best clinical results for the maxilla and mandible, respectively. Regression based on maxillary first molars and mandibular central incisors has better results.

The Preternatural First Premolar: A Ground Section Tooth Case Report

Ectopic eruption is a developmental disturbance in eruption pattern of permanent dentition most often associated with maxillary first permanent molar (2-6%of general population), mandibular lateral incisors (&lt;1%), maxillary permanent canines (1.5-2%). Ectopic eruption of teeth is a rare phenomenon although cases have been reported in nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, mandible, palate, orbital cavity. Ectopic eruption of mandibular first premolar is a rare condition and there were no discussions in the literature about its eruption in coronoid process. Premature loss of primary second molar and second permanent premolar can lead to disturbed eruption of first premolar. In this case report, we present an ectopic mandibular first premolar at the level of sigmoid notch below the right coronoid process.

A Retrospective Clinical Investigation of Delayed Eruption of Premolars in the Mandible

This study aimed to investigate the treatment options for the delayed eruption of mandibular premolars and identify the predictors of spontaneous eruption using panoramic radiography. The prevalence of delayed mandibular premolar eruption in this retrospective analysis, comprising 254 patients (aged 9 - 15 years), was 5.19%, with no significant difference based on gender. The mandibular second premolars were most affected (4.39%) compared to the first premolars (0.76%). No significant difference in prevalence was observed between the left and right sides. Among the treated mandibular premolars, primary molar-related lesions were identified as the leading cause (7.85%) of delayed tooth eruption. The treatment duration varied based on the Nolla stage, eruption stage, and treatment method. Teeth with Nolla stage 7 or lower had a treatment duration of 22.89 ± 11.96 months, whereas those with stage 8 or higher had a 15.02 ± 6.34 month duration. The deeper the tooth was located in the bone, the longer the treatment period became. The treatment duration varied depending on the treatment method, and statistically, there was no significant difference. The treatment durations for affected mandibular premolars increased with the depth of impaction angle of inclination. In this study, the treatment duration for delayed eruptions varied depending on the Nolla stage, eruption stage, and treatment method. Variations in the impaction depth and inclination angle across various treatment approaches, as explored in this study, might offer valuable insights into the selection of the most suitable management options for delayed tooth eruptions.

PECULIARITIES OF TEETH ERUPTION IN THE PERIOD OF MIXED DENTITION IN CHILDREN WITH DENTAL ALVEOLAR ANOMALIES FROM POLTAVA REGION

The prevalence of dento-alveolar anomalies in the structure of dental morbidity ranks the third position following dental caries and periodontal diseases. Signs of normal teething are the following: timeliness, sequence in relation to certain groups of teeth, evenness, eruption of teeth first in the lower jaw and then in the upper jaw. The timing of the eruption for deciduous and permanent teeth can shift in one direction or another. There is a distinction between premature and delayed teething. According to the literature, there are two options for the eruption of canines and premolars: premolars appear first (at the age of 7-11 years) followed by canines, or canines can erupt first (at the age 8 to 12 years) then followed by premolars. Both patterns are independent of gender and race. The purpose of this study is to determine the timing and sequence of eruption for permanent canines and premolars in children of Poltava Region and to establish the influence of eruption timing on the development of dental alveolar anomalies.&#x0D; The results of our research have demonstrated that the most common pathology is the anomaly of the position of individual teeth, or Class I according to Angle, which is diagnosed in 77.6% (615 cases) of patients over the period of tooth change. Class II malocclusion according to Angle, or distal bite is found in 150 patients (18.9%), in 68 patients in the first period of the mixed dentition and in 82 in the second period. Mesial bite, or class III according to Angle is diagnosed in 3.4% (27) of study subjects.&#x0D; Pathology in the vertical plane, namely, a deep bite is diagnosed in 153 people, 19.31% of them have open bite, and 6.56% (52 cases) have close bite, 2.77% (22) of patients have cross bite.&#x0D; Thus, the commonest orthodontic pathology in the mixed dentition of patients with of dento-alveolar anomalies from the Poltava region is the abnormality of the position of individual teeth, or Class I pathology according to Angle. The number of patients having this diagnosis is 77.6% of all children who searched for orthodontic care at this age.&#x0D; We have not found any special relationship between the nature of teeth eruption, gender and type of dental alveolar anomaly in orthodontic patients of Poltava region during the period of tooth change.

Biodegradation of an injectable treated dentin matrix hydrogel as a novel pulp capping agent for dentin regeneration

BackgroundA novel injectable mixture termed treated dentin matrix hydrogel (TDMH) has been introduced for restoring dentin defect in DPC. However, no study evaluated its physiological biodegradation. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess scaffold homogeneity, mechanical properties and biodegradability in vitro and in vivo and the regenerated dentin induced by TDMH as a novel pulp capping agent in human permanent teeth.MethodsThree TDMH discs were weighted, and dry/wet ratios were calculated in four slices from each disc to evaluate homogeneity. Hydrogel discs were also analyzed in triplicate to measure the compressive strength using a universal testing machine. The in vitro degradation behavior of hydrogel in PBS at 37 °C for 2 months was also investigated by monitoring the percent weight change. Moreover, 20 intact fully erupted premolars were included for assessment of TDMH in vivo biodegradation when used as a novel injectable pulp capping agent. The capped teeth were divided into four equal groups according to extraction interval after 2-, 8-, 12- and 16-weeks, stained with hematoxylin–eosin for histological and histomorphometric evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using F test (ANOVA) and post hoc test (p = 0.05).ResultsNo statistical differences among hydrogel slices were detected with (p = 0.192) according to homogeneity. TDMH compression modulus was (30.45 ± 1.11 kPa). Hydrogel retained its shape well up to 4 weeks and after 8 weeks completely degraded. Histological analysis after 16 weeks showed a significant reduction in TDMH area and a simultaneous significant increase in the new dentin area. The mean values of TDMH were 58.8% ± 5.9 and 9.8% ± 3.3 at 2 and 16 weeks, while the new dentin occupied 9.5% ± 2.8 at 2 weeks and 82.9% ± 3.8 at 16 weeks.ConclusionsTDMH was homogenous and exhibited significant stability and almost completely recovered after excessive compression. TDMH generally maintained their bulk geometry throughout 7 weeks. The in vivo response to TDMH was characterized by extensive degradation of the hydrogel and dentin matrix particles and abundant formation of new dentin. The degradation rate of TDMH matched the rate of new dentin formation.Trial registration: PACTR201901866476410: 30/1/2019.

The role of the endocannabinoid system in tooth eruption: An ex vivo study.

The aim was to characterise the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the dental pulp of teeth at different stages of eruption. Pulp of: erupted premolars (EPM), third molars in pre-eruptive (PThM), intraosseous (IThM) and eruptive stages (EThM) (n= 12 each group) were used. Messenger RNA expression of components of the ECS as cannabinoid receptors (CBr1 and CBr2), and anandamide synthetizing (NAPE-PLD) and degradation (FAAH) enzymes were measured by RT-PCR. Data were analysed using Student's t-test for comparisons between two groups and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-test for multiple comparisons (statistical significance: p< 0.05). mRNA expression of CBr2, NAPE-PLD and FAAH was similar in the studied stages, was lower in IThM than in PThM and EThM, and the lowest in EThM (p< 0.01); of note, CBr2 mRNA expression was not detected in EThM. CBr1 mRNA did not differ significantly between IThM and PThM but was lower in EThM (p< 0.01). The absence of CBr2 and presence of CBr1 in EThM suggest the involvement of the ECS via CBr1 as a mediator of tooth and bone tissue homeostasis during tooth eruption.

MO934: Correlation Between Sarcopenia and Oral Health in Patients on Chronic Haemodialysis

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on haemodialysis have signs of chronic systemic inflammation and a higher incidence of sarcopenia. Poor oral health can also trigger systemic inflammation and thus affect sarcopenia. The aim of the study was to examine oral health and the presence of sarcopenia in patients on chronic haemodialysis and to determine whether there is a correlation between them. METHOD This study included 100 patients on chronic haemodialysis at the Clinical University Hospital `Sestre Milosrdnice’ in Zagreb, who underwent oral status, routine laboratory measurements, bioimpedance analysis of body composition and measurement of hand grip strength. RESULTS Of the total number of participants (N = 100), 28.0% had sarcopenia. The majority of participants were male (61.0%). Poor oral hygiene was recorded in as many as 39.0% of participants, while 46.0% had their last visit to the dentist several years ago. It is interesting to note that 64.3% of patients with confirmed sarcopenia were last examined by a dentist several years ago, while in those without sarcopenia the proportion was 38.9%. The median total number of erupted teeth in all patients was 12.0 (7.0–23.0). A positive correlation of the total number of erupted teeth and erupted premolars with sarcopenia was confirmed. CRP was significantly elevated in patients with sarcopenia (P = 0.035), in contrast to those without sarcopenia (3.45 versus 2.70). A total of 51% of patients had increased calculus formation, 49% had oral candidiasis and 38% periodontitis, with as many as 24% of petechiae on the mucosa and 22% of dental caries. A total of 8% of patients had an ammonia breath and 4% had a metallic taste in their mouth. Of all the examined signs and symptoms of oral health, significant differences were observed only in the incidence of dental caries, which was significantly more common in the group that did not have sarcopenia (P = 0.031). However, it should be noted that in patients with sarcopenia, total edentulousness was present in 17.9% as opposed to 9.7% in patients who did not have sarcopenia, i.e. 12% of the total number of participants had total edentulousness. Moreover, in 21% of patients with sarcopenia, a complete denture was present in combination with a partial denture, while that was the case in only 9.7% of patients without sarcopenia. CONCLUSION This study confirmed poorer oral health in haemodialysis patients who had sarcopenia. Therefore, intervention studies are needed to improve oral health of patients on HD, which could possibly influence the incidence and severity of sarcopenia.

Surface properties and elemental composition of human treated dentin matrix nano-scaffold as direct pulp capping material

Objective The aim of the study was investigating surface topography, roughness, and wettability of the TDM semi-rigid nano-scaffold. In addition to its chemical composition to prove the principle of using as direct pulp capping (DPC) material. Materials and methods: Forty sound and fully erupted premolars scheduled to be extracted for orthodontic treatment were involved for the TDM scaffolds preparation. The surface and chemical properties were investigated in comparison with UTD. The surface topography was investigated using SEM while AFM was used for studying SR. Surface wettability was analyzed via sessile-drop goniometry protocol. However, the elemental composition was analyzed using EDX. Result: The surface characterization of the TDM scaffolds revealed a nano-tubular pattern with high surface wettability. However, the elemental analysis revealed its optimum partial demineralization. Conclusion: the surface and elemental composition of TDM semi-rigid scaffold are promising to be a reasonable DPC material.

Bilateral posterior open bite due to failure of primary eruption-a treatment approach

Posterior open bite is a challengeable anomaly and the treatment outcome depends very much on its etiology. In the present case, we describe the therapeutic management of a bilateral posterior open bite due to failure of eruption of molars and premolars. Moreover, the patient had partially reincluded deciduous molars, all four second premolars anodontia, a biretrusive profile and high angle facial pattern. Before starting the orthodontic treatment, the patient was removed all deciduous molars, following MBT brackets bonding aiming for tractioning down to the occlusal plane the upper right molars, closing all the spaces, flatten the curve of Spee and protrude both arches. After the active treatment (2 years and 10 months), essix retainers were given to wear 12/24. Assessment of the medical and dental history, trauma or other clinical conditions resulted in a therapeutic diagnosis that could be addressed with the proper orthodontic treatment achieving satisfactory results.

The Application of Pendulum as a Space Regainer in Orthodontic Treatment

Background: The process of distalization in orthodontic treatment is often very difficult. The most common method is the use of cervical headgear. However, due to poor patient compliance, it leads to poor treatment outcomes. Treatment alternatives that require minimal compliance include Jones jig, magnets, and pendulum. Objective: This study aimed to perform distalization of a maxillary molars on a bilateral Class II molar relationship patient with a crowded maxillary arch. Case Report: A 10-year-old female with a Class II molar relationship, bilateral posterior crossbite, and nonerupted upper canines was treated with a rapid palatal expander (RPE), pendulum appliance, and fixed appliance. The crowding in the maxillary arch and spacing in the mandibular arch were eliminated, and transverse discrepancies were corrected. Conclusion: Pendulum appliance is very effective in creating spaces for the eruption of canines and ectopic premolars. Pendulum appliances have been introduced for a long time and have proven successful for molar distalization and space regainer and require minimal patient cooperation. Like other distalization appliances, distal tipping of the molars and mesial movement of the premolars could be observed.

Abnormal premolar eruption: classification, aetiology, and treatment based on a case series study.

The aim of this case series study is to classify deviations in mandibular and maxillary premolar eruption according to aetiology, with a focus on the resorption pattern in the preceding primary molars. The purpose is also to give treatment guidance based on aetiology. Radiographic material from 64 cases with abnormal premolar eruptions were grouped into three eruptions phases: Phase 1, from tooth bud to early root formation, sub-grouped according to "ankylosis" or "not ankylosis" of the primary molars; Phase 2, from start of eruption to the penetration of gingiva, sub-grouped according to normal or abnormal resorption of the primary molars and Phase 3, eruption after penetration of gingiva. Phase 1: early ankylosis of primary molars, ectopic locations of the premolar crown, including occlusally displacement in relation to the primary molar, are demonstrated. Not ankylosed primary molar: different positions, even an upside-down position of the premolar, are demonstrated. The conditions are explained in relation to the early migration pattern of the premolar tooth bud. Regarding treatment, in cases with ankylosed primary molars these should be extracted as soon as diagnosed and in cases with not ankylosed primary molars these should be extracted when root formation of the premolars has started. The premolars should be observed and saved if possible. Phase 2: non-exfoliation of primary molar, aetiology and treatment of premolars depend on tissue types involved. In bone dysplasia, the eruption of premolars is delayed. In these cases, the primary molars should be extracted when eruptive movements of the premolars have started. In cases with ectoderm deviation, the crown follicle does not function normally during the resorption of the primary molars and the recommended treatment is extraction of primary molars before root closure of premolars. In cases in Phase 2 where the premolars were ankylosed these should be surgical removed. Phase 3: different aetiologies are highlighted, with focus on abnormal innervation and enzyme defects. The premolars are seemingly ankylosed, and surgery might be the only treatment. The case series presented demonstrate how ectopic and arrested premolars have different aetiologies and as a consequence, different treatments. The study highlights several aspects in pathological eruption, which still need to be elucidated.

Treatment of deep overbite in mixed dentition: a clinical case report

Relevance. Deep overbite is one of the most frequent malocclusions in children and teenagers of different ages. Distal occlusion with a deep overbite is the most common (59.6-67.6% according to the literature) in early mixed dentition. Most Russian and international authors state in their research that the severity of malocclusion increases with age. The treatment of the pathology in children is relevant due to deterioration of the deep overbite with age, worsening of functional disorders.Materials and methods. The study analyses the treatment results of a child with a deep bite using the authors’ technique.Results. The study demonstrated the advantages of the authors’ technique. The treatment allowed achieving normal dentoalveolar heights in the posterior mandible on molar and premolar eruption, establishing the correct relationship between the upper and lower dental arches that promoted harmonious development of the child’s maxillofacial area. The treatment regulated the length and width of the upper dental arch and corrected its form. The active intrusion of the lower incisors and extrusion of the lower posterior teeth were observed during the treatment. The curve of Spee was restored, and an increased overlap reduced. Occlusal contacts of posterior teeth improved, and deep overbite decreased. The technique is easy to use and allows curing 9-12-year-old children in a short period (7-10 months).Conclusions. The suggested technique treats deep overbite as well as creates conditions for the further harmonious development of the maxillofacial area. Thus, it can be recommended for the treatment in early mixed dentition.

Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence in Interatheriinae (Notoungulata, Interatheriidae): implications in the systematics of the group

AbstractStudies focused on deciduous dentition, ontogenetic series, and tooth eruption and replacement patterns in fossil mammals have lately increased due to the recognized taxonomic and phylogenetic weight of these aspects. A study of the deciduous and permanent dentition of Interatherium and Protypotherium (Interatheriinae) is presented, based mainly on unpublished materials. Deciduous cheek teeth are brachydont and placed covering the apex of the respective permanent tooth; in addition, some morphological and metrical differences are observed along the crown height. Five dental ontogenetic stages are distinguished among the juvenile specimens on the basis of the degree of wear, the replacement of the deciduous premolars, and the eruption of the molars. The crown height and the wear degree of different Interatheriinae taxa show: (1) eruption pattern of molars in an anterior–posterior direction (M/m1 to M/m3); (2) pattern of replacement of deciduous premolars and eruption of permanent premolars in a posterior–anterior direction (dP/dp4 to dP/dp2 and P/p4 to P/p2); and (3) eruption of M/m3 before the replacement of dP/dp4. Results allow evaluating the diagnostic dental characteristics used to describe some interatheriines, as well as reinterpreting some taxonomic assumptions: the holotype of Protypotherium diversidens Ameghino, 1891 is recognized as a juvenile of another species of the genus, and the species is not validated, considering it as Protypotherium sp.; the holotype of Eudiastatus lingulatus Ameghino, 1891 falls in the variability of Protypotherium, becoming P. lingulatus new combination, tentatively maintaining the species and implying the synonymy between Eudiastatus and Protypotherium; and the holotype of Eopachyrucos ranchoverdensis Reguero, Ubilla, and Perea, 2003 is reinterpreted as bearing deciduous premolars.

Prevalence of Premature Eruption and Agenesis of Premolars in Turkish Children: A Retrospective Study.

To determine the prevalence and distribution of premature eruption and agenesis of premolars in a sample of Turkish children. A sample of 1715 patients aged 5 to 11 years was selected. Panoramic radiographs were used to assess premature eruption and agenesis of premolars. Developmental stage of erupted premolars was assessed using Demirjian's method and selecting prematurely erupted premolars on the basis of clinical eruption with a root length less than half of their final expected root lengths. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test (p <.05). One hundred fifteen (6.7%) of 1715 patients presented at least one premolar agenesis with no significant sex difference (56 boys, 59 girls). Mandibular second premolars were the most absent teeth. Multiple agenesis of premolars (3.4%) was more common than single agenesis (3.3%). A total of 85 (5.0%) patients (51 boys, 34 girls; no significant sex difference) had at least one prematurely erupted premolar, and maxillary first premolars were most commonly affected. Early erupted premolars were in stage D or E based on Demirjian's dental formation scale. The prevalence of premature eruption and agenesis of premolars in Turkish children were 5.0% and 6.7%, respectively. Both conditions are not uncommon and may highlight the need for early diagnosis to prevent subsequent clinical problems.

Above or below 14years? An orthopantomographic study based on chronological course of eruption of mandibular premolars and second molars in a sample of south Indian children.

In the context of dental age assessment, two significant factors can be studied; tooth mineralisation and tooth emergence. Little is known about the role of a second molar eruption in forensic age estimation. This paper aims to contribute to forensic age estimation using an age threshold of 14years, studying the eruption stages of permanent mandibular premolars and second molars. Totally 640 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of south Indian children, aged between 10 and 18years, were evaluated using Olze et al. staging of tooth eruption stages (A-D). Spearman's rho correlation showed a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation between the chronological age and the eruption stages of both sexes' teeth. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and post-test probability values were calculated for all tested teeth. The best performance to discriminate individuals above or below 14years showed stage D in second molars. The sensitivity varied between 89% and 94% and specificity between 75% and 84%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed high diagnostic performance for stage D, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 84% and 85% for tooth 37 and 85% and 83% for tooth 47 in males and females, respectively. In conclusion, it is possible to predict age over 14years in south Indian children using tooth emergence stages from OPGs with a relatively high interobserver agreement and good diagnostic accuracy. However, there are some limitations and, therefore, must be used in conjunction with other methods.

Resorption of multirooted temporary teeth in children with dentofacial anomalies in accordance with the orthopantomography data

Relevance. To study the incidence of different types of resorption of multirooted primary teeth, to specify indications for deciduous molar extraction to prevent eruption abnormalities of permanent posterior teeth in mixed dentition.Materials and methods. Root resorption of 375 multirooted primary teeth (166 first primary molars and 209 second primary molars) was studied on panoramic X-rays of 60 children (30 girls and 30 boys) aged between 7 and 15. Illustrated classification by T.F. Vinogradova (1967) improved by authors was used to determine type and degree of root resorption of multi-rooted primary teeth. Received data were described with absolute values of number of cases and percentage. Chi-square was used to detect differences in sign incidence rate between groups, p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. There were no statistically significant gender differences (p&gt;0,05) in type and degree of root resorption of multirooted primary teeth. Type A resorption prevailed and constituted 53.3% of all primary molars. Disturbances in root resorption of multirooted primary teeth in mixed dentition were related to health condition of primary teeth. Transition of even resorption to unven was considered a risk factor of delayed eruption and aberrant position of permanent teeth, and indication for extraction of a primary molar in question. Conclusions. 1) Even root resorption (type A) was detected in 53.3% of primary molars in mixed dentition by orthopantomography. 2) Transition from even resorption of primary molar roots to uneven resorption was associated with eruption deviations and delayed premolar eruption. 3) Timely extraction of primary molars with uneven root resorption facilitated correct eruption of premolars and increased effectiveness of secondary prevention of malocclusion in children.

Prevalence of Enamel Defects in Premolars Whose Predecessors Were Treated with Extractions or Antibiotic Paste.

To determine the prevalence of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) in premolars whose infected predecessors were submitted to pulp therapy with antibiotic paste or extractions due to pulp necrosis. A cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample consisting of children and adolescents who presented with fully erupted premolars, was evaluated. Data were collected by dental examinations, in which the modified DDE index was applied. Dental records were evaluated and three groups of premolars were determined according to the clinical history of predecessors: GCTZ: with pulp necrosis and treated with CTZ (chloramphenicol, tetracycline, zinc oxide and eugenol) paste; GE: with pulp necrosis and treated by extraction; GH: healthy and physiologically exfoliated. Descriptive analysis and a logistic regression (p <0.05) were performed. The study included 1017 premolars, DDE was present in 22.5%. Premolars belonging to the GE group presented higher odds of DDE (odds ratio (OR) = 3.52, 95% CI:2.29-5.40) than those of GCTZ group (OR = 2.43, 95% CI:1.51-3.91) and GH group (p <0.01). Enamel defects were more frequent in maxillary premolars (OR = 3.22, 95% CI:1.65-6.27, OR = 3.39, 95% CI:1.67-6.90, OR = 2.90, 95% CI:1.48-5.66 and OR = 3.10, 95% CI:1.54-6.23). The prevalence of enamel defects was higher in premolars whose predecessors were removed because of necrosis, followed by those treated with CTZ paste and those that were healthy by the time exfoliation occurred.