Premature Aging Process Research Articles

Novel Loci (EIF4A2, ADIPOQ, TPRG1) for Triglyceride / High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Longitudinal Change (ΔTHR) among Subjects without Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from the Long Life Family Study (LLFS) and the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring Cohort (OS).

Triglyceride (TG) /High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (THR) represents a single surrogate predictor of hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance that is associated with premature aging processes, risk of diabetes and increased mortality. To identify novel genetic loci for THR change over time (ΔTHR), we conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genome-wide linkage scan (GWLS) among subjects of European ancestry who had complete data from two exams collected about seven years apart from the Long Life Family Study (LLFS, n=1384), a study with familial clustering of exceptional longevity in the US and Denmark. Subjects with diabetes or using medications for dyslipidemia were excluded from this analysis. ΔTHR was derived using growth curve modeling, and adjusted for age, sex, field centers, and principal components (PCs). GWAS was conducted using a linear mixed model accounted for familial relatedness. Our linkage scan was built on haplotype-based IBD estimation with 0.5 cM average spacing. Heritability of ΔTHR was moderate (46%). Our GWAS identified a significant locus at the LPL (p=1.58e-9) for ΔTHR; this gene locus has been reported before influencing baseline THR levels. Our GWLS found evidence for a significant linkage with a logarithm of the odds (LODs) exceeding 3 on 3q28 (LODs=4.1). Using a subset of 25 linkage enriched families (pedigree-specific LODs>0.1), we assessed sequence elements under 3q28 and identified two novel variants (EIF4A2/ADIPOQ-rs114108468, p=5e-6, MAF=1.8%; TPRG1-rs16864075, p=3e-6, MAF=8%; accounted for ~28% and ~29% of the linkage, respectively, and 57% jointly). While the former variant was associated with EIF4A2 (p=7e-5) / ADIPOQ (p=3.49e-2) RNA transcriptional levels, the latter variant was not associated with TPRG1 (p=0.23) RNA transcriptional levels. Replication in FHS OS observed modest effect of these loci on ΔTHR. Of 188 metabolites from 13 compound classes assayed in LLFS, we observed multiple metabolites (e.g., DG.38.5, PE.36.4, TG.58.3) that were significantly associated with the variants (p<3e-4). our linkage-guided sequence analysis approach permitted our discovery of two novel gene variants EIF4A2/ADIPOQ-rs114108468 and TPRG1-rs16864075 on 3q28 for ΔTHR among subjects without diabetes selected for exceptional survival and healthy aging.

The effect of intermittent fasting on preventing obesity-related early aging from a molecular and cellular perspective.

Obesity is a global health concern owing to its association with numerous degenerative diseases and the fact that it may lead to early aging. Various markers of aging, including telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, altered protein homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell disorders, and intercellular communication, are influenced by obesity. Consequently, there is a critical need for safe and effective approaches to prevent obesity and mitigate the onset of premature aging. In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary strategy that alternates between periods of fasting and feeding, has emerged as a promising dietary strategy that holds potential in counteracting the aging process associated with obesity. This article explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which IF affects obesity-related early aging. IF regulates various physiological processes and organ systems, including the liver, brain, muscles, intestines, blood, adipose tissues, endocrine system, and cardiovascular system. Moreover, IF modulates key signaling pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuins, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and fork head box O (FOXO). By targeting these pathways, IF has the potential to attenuate aging phenotypes associated with obesity-related early aging. Overall, IF offers promising avenues for promoting healthier lifestyles and mitigating the premature aging process in individuals affected by obesity.

Dietary Factors for Premature Skin Aging in Adult Students of the Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University, Class of 2021 Reviewed From Medicine and Islam

Premature Skin Aging is a change in the skin that occurs as a result of the aging process. The occurrence of aging on the skin is based on the physiological aging process of the organs, which can ultimately cause skin aging. The main factor causing premature skin aging is lifestyle, one of which comes from nutrition. This research uses a quantitative research method and a cross-sectional analytical observation method. The population used in this research were individuals studying at the Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University, class of 2021, with the age group 20-25 years. The sampling technique used in this research is a purpose sampling technique. From the existing population, 20 students were taken as samples. The type of data used in this research is primary data. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Chi-Square Test. This research found that the average sample of students at the Faculty of Medicine, Yarsi University class of 2021, had a suitable and sufficient diet. Ten students (50%) had an adequate diet, and the other 10 (50%) had a good diet. Hypothesis testing using the Chi-Square test produces Asymp values. Sig. (2-sided) of 0.037, this value is smaller than 0.05 (0.037 &lt; 0.05), so H1 is accepted. The conclusion is that there is an influence between diet and the process of premature skin aging

The relationship of vitamin A, C, and E intake with premature aging of facial skin in female market traders

Background: Women's market traders are jobs that are often exposed to free radicals, including air pollution, cigarette smoke, sun exposure and have a high workload that causes stress. Antioxidants can protect the skin from free radicals and can inhibit the process of premature aging of facial skin which are found in vegetables and fruits such as vitamins A, C, E.&#x0D; Objective: To determine the relationship between intake of vitamins A, C, and E with premature aging of market traders in the form of wrinkles around the face.&#x0D; Methods: Observational research with cross sectional method. The sampling technique is multi-stage cluster sampling. This research was conducted at Beringharjo Market with a total sample of 172 respondents with inclusion criteria namely female traders, aged 26–45 years, workers in the market area. The exclusion criteria are tourists/market visitors, women who are pregnant and breastfeeding. The research variables for intake of vitamins A, C, and E used the SQ-FFQ (Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire) questionnaire with the interview method. In measuring the number of wrinkles on facial skin using photoaging through facial shooting using a Sony A7R3 camera with a 24-70 lens that is analyzed by a dermatologist (skin expert). Data analysis technique using multiple logistic regression analysis. This analysis uses SPSS software version 22.0.&#x0D; Results: In the multiple logistic regression test, p = 0.037 (p &lt;0.05) means that there is a relationship between vitamin A intake and premature aging of facial skin. On vitamin C intake, p = 0.436 (p&gt; 0.05), meaning that there is no relationship between vitamin C intake and premature aging of facial skin. And on vitamin E intake, p = 0.171 (p&gt; 0.05) there is no relationship between vitamin E intake and premature aging of facial skin.&#x0D; Conclusion: Intake of vitamin A has a significant relationship with the occurrence of premature aging of the face, but vitamins C and E do not have a significant relationship with the occurrence of premature aging of the facial skin

Evaluation of Junk Food Consumption and the Risk Related to Consumer Health among the Romanian Population.

Premature aging and degradative processes are mainly generated by unhealthy habits and an unbalanced diet. Quality of food and lifestyle are important factors in sano-genesis. Many imbalances and ailments have their origin in the adoption of an unbalanced diet and a disordered lifestyle. With the help of a transversal study carried out on the basis of a questionnaire, the consumption of junk food products among the population of Romania was evaluated; at the same time, an evaluation of the characteristics of the associated diet, as well as a series of lifestyle components (quality of rest, physical activity, evaluation of the state of health) was carried out. The data collected and processed indicate an increased tendency to consume junk food products in the 18-23 age group, and especially among obese respondents. Female respondents show a lower tendency toward an increased consumption of junk food products (OR = 0.703, 95% CI)-0.19-0.95, p = 0.011) compared to male respondents. The most consumed junk food products are fried potatoes (46.2%) and pastries (41.4%). Junk food products that show an increased tendency toward consumption addiction are fried potatoes (13.8%), sweets (12.4%), pastry products (11.1%), and sweetened drinks (11.2%). The poor quality of food from a nutritional point of view, and reduced physical activity, are reflected in the varied range of problems faced by the respondents: states of fatigue (62.4%), nervousness (37.5%), depression, anxiety, emotional eating, etc.

MP16-12 KIDNEY STONES AND OSTEOPOROSIS: THE BONE-BOWEL-KIDNEY AXIS

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP16-12 KIDNEY STONES AND OSTEOPOROSIS: THE BONE-BOWEL-KIDNEY AXIS Elizabeth Kwenda, Lucy Jiang, Sara Glover, and Victoria Bird Elizabeth KwendaElizabeth Kwenda More articles by this author , Lucy JiangLucy Jiang More articles by this author , Sara GloverSara Glover More articles by this author , and Victoria BirdVictoria Bird More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003236.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to explore the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and kidney stones (KS). METHODS: A retrospective large-scale bioinformatics database, Information for Integrated Biology and Bedside depository data (i2b2) of the UF Health System was used to analyze the prevalence of osteoporosis in CD patients with KS and the general population from November 2011 to September 2017. The i2b2 repository database runs systematic query searches based on ICD and CPT codes used for institutional billing. Statistical analysis was performed using the SASv. 9.4 software. RESULTS: The total population was 1,002,357, ages 18-95 years old were 832,910. Males 18-95 years were 44.7%. In the general population, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 0.19%, 0.27%, 0.44%, 0.68%, 0.86%, 1.06%, 1.67% in males and 0.20%, 0.39%,0.93%, 2.55%, 5.11%, 6.70%, 9.16% females in the age groups 18-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, >85 respectively. In the Crohn’s disease with kidney stones cohort, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 11.1%, 0%, 0%, 27.8%, 10.6%, 15.4%, 0% in males and 13.6%, 0%, 24%, 26.2%, 41.7%, 44.4%, 0% in females in the age groups 18-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, >85 respectively. No patients or 0% of patient indicated osteoporosis but did not exclude osteopenia. The prevalence of osteoporosis in the CD with KS cohort was higher in the 18-35 year old group compared to the 85-95 year old general population in males: 11.1% vs. 1.67% (p<0.001) and females: 13.6% vs. 9.16% (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of OP in patients with CD and KS is significantly higher than the general population, most remarkable in the population under 35 years of age, this suggests a devastating premature aging process and the effects of the bowel on the kidney-bone axis. Further research on this subject is needed to identify the other variables that play a role in these findings. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e207 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Elizabeth Kwenda More articles by this author Lucy Jiang More articles by this author Sara Glover More articles by this author Victoria Bird More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Smoking as A Risk Factor of Low Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Levels and Early Aging in Women Aged 20 to 35 Years

Background: Heavy smokers have four times more facial wrinkles than non-smokers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels are an indicator of premature aging in blood and tissues. The premature aging process can take place more quickly at a relatively younger age. The purpose of this study was to determine smoking and low levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as risk factors for premature aging in women aged 20-35 years. Method: Using a case-control study, this study determined smoking and low levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as risk factors for premature aging in women aged 20-35. Subjective clinical observation of wrinkles with the smoker’s face criteria (Daniel 1971) and objective use A-One-Facial Analyzer tool. Analyze using SPSS 26. Result: The smoking increased the risk of premature aging by 16 times (OR 16; 95% CI= 4,2-60,7); p&lt;0,001) and passive smoker 36 times (OR 36; IK95% 7,6-168,9; p&lt;0,001). Low SOD levels (&lt;2.93 U/ml) increased the risk of premature aging by 9.7 times (OR 9.7;95%CI =3.2-29.1); p &lt;0.001) and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of smokers were lower than non-smokers with a median (IQR) [min-max] of smokers 1,5 (1,6) [0,4-9,7]U/ml while non-smokers were 7,5 (6,3) [0,1-14,2]U/ml and p&lt;0.001. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that smoking and low SOD as risk factors for premature aging in women aged 20-35 years with smoking (AOR 18; 95%CI=5,5-66,8; p&lt;0,001) and low SOD (AOR 10,2; 95%CI=1,5-67,1; p&lt;0,001). Conclusion: That smoking and low levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as risk factors for premature aging in women aged 20-35 years.

Modern approaches to developing a system of valid methods for monitoring individual health and maintaining active longevity

In total, at the first stage of work (in 2023), we examined 80 people, whose average age was 59.6±0.7 years. When analyzing and assessing data, the study adopted a division into age groups (WHO). The following indicators were studied: HbA1, fructosamine, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin, homocysteine, C-peptide, TSH, free T4, prolactin, total testosterone, cortisol, arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, leptin, TNF-a, ferritin, interleukin 1 and 6, telomere length, creatinine, uric acid and urea. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the aging process of the body affects many indicators, while the main markers that changed in men aged 18 to 44 years were total testosterone, leptin and telomere length; aged 44 to 60 years - HbA1, fructosamine, HDL cholesterol, homocysteine, C-peptide, total testosterone, leptin and telomere length; from 60 to 75 years - fructosamine, HDL cholesterol and telomere length and for 75-90 years - HbA1, HDL cholesterol, insulin, total testosterone, leptin and telomere length, interleukin 6 and uric acid. In women aged 18 to 44 years, only an increase in leptin was observed against the background of shortening telomere length; at the age of 44 to 60 years, the main markers that changed were total testosterone, leptin and telomere length; for the age group 60-75 years - indicators of HbA1, homocysteine, C-peptide, prolactin, total testosterone and leptin, interleukin 6 and uric acid, telomere length was shorter by only 2%; in the age group of 75-90 years, the main markers that changed were insulin, total testosterone, leptin, interleukin 6, while the indicators of uric acid, urea and telomere length differed from the reference values by 2-4%. Shortening of telomere length in all age groups, both men and women, indicates the presence of signs of premature aging. In an individual analysis, data were obtained on a more dramatic shortening of telomeres in 16 subjects in the presence of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion, especially in comparison with healthy subjects, which was confirmed by the data of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), while, with shortening of telomere length, the HbA1 indicator was significantly higher (6.8±0.5) than in individuals with long telomeres and no chronic pathology (5.1±0.4). A system of highly valid methods and panels of markers has been developed that indicate the presence of aging processes, taking into account gender and age characteristics, which can be used to identify premature aging processes, monitor individual health and maintain active longevity, as well as for the prevention of age-associated diseases.

Klotho protein and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: prolonging the thread of life

To date, the most widely used biomarkers are natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins. Many other biomarkers have also been identified, but only a few of them have found application in actual clinical practice. This review focuses on the Klotho protein and its role in cardiovascular diseases.&#x0D; In 1997, a gene that slows down the aging process was identified. It was named Klotho (Greek, ώ, spinning; Latin, Clotho; English, Klotho) in honor of the goddess of ancient Greek mythology, spinning the thread of life and being the personification of the steady, calm course of fate. Mice with an insertional mutation in the region of the Klotho gene promoter were characterized by premature aging processes. Three families of Klotho are known: -Klotho, -Klotho, and -Klotho, and the most studied is -Klotho. The Klotho protein consists of a large extracellular domain and a short C-terminal intracellular region. The extracellular domain consists of two repeat sequences called KL1 and KL2. -Klotho and -Klotho contain the KL1 and KL2 domains, respectively, and -Klotho contains only the KL1 domain. The Klotho gene in humans is located on chromosome 13q12 and consists of five exons. The Klotho protein is mainly expressed in the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys and the vascular epithelial plexus of the cerebral ventricles. At lower concentrations, the Klotho gene is also found in other organs and tissues, particularly in the heart.&#x0D; Many studies have demonstrated the protective role of the Klotho protein in cardiovascular pathology. The pleiotropic properties of this protein are reflected in the diversity and interaction of cardioprotective mechanisms. The regulation of the concentrations of the Klotho protein in the blood and its expression in heart cells with the help of drugs can play a significant role in cellular metabolism and represent a promising target for the treatment of heart and vascular pathologies.

Epigenetic age acceleration in U.S. testicular cancer survivors (TCS).

5033 Background: Given the young age at diagnosis and effective therapies (cisplatin-based chemotherapy and/or surgical approaches), most TCS gain many decades of life. Attention has been drawn to the potential downsides of these treatment successes, including the accelerated development of age-related diseases. Previous studies have suggested that cytotoxic treatment and carcinogenesis are associated with epigenetic changes, leading to premature biological aging processes. Methods: We recruited 24 TCS managed with surgical approaches alone and 24 cisplatin-treated TCS (all also treated with surgical removal of the cancerous testis) and who had histologic/serological germ cell tumor diagnosis before 55 years, and were disease-free at routine follow up. We also included 310 cancer-free race- and age-matched (+/- 5 years) males from a normative cohort, i.e., the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. We undertook genome-wide interrogation of blood DNA methylation (DNAm) using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (EPIC array). We quantified aging using DNAm GrimAge, a validated, composite biomarker consisting of DNAm surrogate biomarkers of seven plasma proteins associated with various age-related conditions plus a DNAm surrogate of smoking pack-years. The comparison analysis was adjusted for age, race, smoking status, blood cell type proportions estimated using DNA methylation batch effect, and other laboratory-related technical factors. Results: The median chronological age of TCS was 28 years (range 19-64) with 25% smokers. Compared to their chronological age, TCS managed with surgical approaches alone had a mean GrimAge of 39.4 years (i.e., 9.2 years older, paired t-test P = 0.001), and cisplatin-treated TCS had a mean GrimAge of 45.2 years (i.e., 14.9 years older, paired t-test P &lt; 0.001). Compared to the matched CARDIA controls, TCS managed with surgical approaches alone were on average 3.0 years epigenetically older (P = 0.093), and cisplatin-treated TCS were on average 11.2 years epigenetically older (P &lt; 0.001), suggesting an increasing trend with treatment burden (P-trend &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our data showed a faster epigenetic aging process in TCS. Consistent with previous studies, our data is in line with the hypothesis that TC cytotoxic treatment may induce premature aging. Although TCS managed with surgical approaches alone had no exposure to cytotoxic drugs, their epigenetic age may also be accelerated due to TC development and/or risk factors that contributed to it as well as post-therapy factors.

Correction of mature skin with the help of decorative cosmetics

Beauty products are used to visually conceal visible aging of skin. The appropriate selection of makeup techniques and decorative cosmetics for mature age women help correct their features and conceal skin problems. &#x0D; Aim. The article deals with the effect of cosmetic products on mature face skin. &#x0D; Material and methods. In 2021, as many as 16 publications on the subject under discussion that appeared during the past decade, were analysed. Between 2012 and 2021, articles were published in the databases of the journals Skin Research and Technology, Psychology, Journal of Pharmaceutics, Dermatology, Cosmetics, Journal of Consumer Behaviour. All publications are in the English language, the texts are complete and easily accessible. The selected publications describe the skin aging process, the composition of beauty products, nanotechnology products and the application of cosmetic products to prevent the process of premature skin aging. Recommendations for mature skin care are provided.&#x0D; Results. In the 21st century, cosmetics is widely used and is in great demand in the world market. Annually the demand increases by approximately 4.5 percent. Cosmetic products and make-up make mature face skin look more attractive. Attractive faces are perceived as much younger, the face contour is preserved, skin is firm, the size of the eyes and the area around them, and lip distraction remain unchanged. Cosmetic surgical procedures enhancing the appearance of face skin can improve psychological health of the patients; there is no evidence about how these changes effect a positive attitude of other individuals to their changed appearance, the status of an individual and his/her social wellbeing.&#x0D; Conclusions. 1. Most often scientific literature is concerned with the effect of make-up on the psychological aspect – an individual’s attractiveness. 2. Beauty products and make-up techniques chosen for mature skin change the face in three directions: they change the contours of the face, skin homogeneity, contrast of the face and the size of facial features. 3. Innovative, biologically active cosmetic products have an external and therapeutic benefit to the appearance of face skin, are not only friendly to human skin and health but also are environmentally friendly.

Collagen face spray: facial moisturizer from chicken egg shell membrane to prevent premature aging

Skin is often exposed to various factors, so the premature aging process become one of the public’s concerns. One of the efforts to maintain skin beauty and prevent premature aging is to fulfil the intake of collagen in the skin. Collagen is a protein, which one is found at chicken egg shells membrane. So far, chicken egg shells are only seen as waste, pollute the environment and are not used properly. Therefore, this innovation to making face spray cosmetic products appears to be a new breakthrough in the utilization and waste treatment. It can function to moisturize and nourish the skin, soothe facial skin, anti-aging, relieves redness on sensitive skin and can give a smooth impression on makeup. The method used in this research is an experiment, the results based on anatomical pathology tests using microscopic 400x magnification with Sirius red staining obtained 52.8% collagen content in egg shell membrane, and pH test obtained value of pH 5.4 which meets the requirements for the safe value for the skin pH 4.5-6.5 and the results of the organoleptic test on collagen face spray product are odorless, colorless, and the material is in the form of a liquid face spray cosmetic.

Biological Aspects of Inflamm-Aging in Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Simple SummaryAround 80% of children treated for childhood cancer become long-term survivors. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy improve survival of these patients, they cause a low-grade chronic inflammation (inflamm-aging) which induces premature aging processes and vital organ failure, a condition known as frailty. Understanding frailty’s biological and molecular mechanisms and identifying inflamm-aging key biomarkers in childhood cancer survivors could be useful to facilitate the screening of comorbidities and to understand whether treatments, used to counteract inflamm-aging, may prevent side effects.Anti-cancer treatments improve survival in children with cancer. A total of 80% of children treated for childhood cancer achieve 5-year survival, becoming long-term survivors. However, they undergo several chronic late effects related to treatments. In childhood cancer survivors a chronic low-grade inflammation, known as inflamm-aging, is responsible for frailty, a condition characterized by vital organ failure and by premature aging processes. Inflamm-aging is closely related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which induce inflammation, accumulation of senescent cells, DNA mutations, and the production of reactive oxygen species. All these conditions are responsible for the onset of secondary diseases, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and infertility. Considering that the pathobiology of frailty among childhood cancer survivors is still unknown, investigations are needed to better understand frailty’s biological and molecular processes and to identify inflamm-aging key biomarkers in order to facilitate the screening of comorbidities and to clarify whether treatments, normally used to modulate inflamm-aging, may be beneficial. This review offers an overview of the possible biological mechanisms involved in the development of inflamm-aging, focusing our attention on immune system alteration, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and therapeutic strategies.

In vitro anti-aging activity of Muntingia calabura L. fruit extract and its fractions

Context: Premature aging usually occurred due to free radicals reducing the skins’ physiological functions. Muntingia calabura, a plant containing rich antioxidants, has the potential to overcome this problem. Aims: To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of M. calabura in inhibiting the premature aging process, to be potentially developed into an antiaging active ingredient. Methods: The samples were extracted using ethanol 96%, and processed into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fractions, respectively. Total phenolic content was determined, followed by the evaluation of antioxidant capacity through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. Further, anti-elastase was conducted using human neutrophil elastase as a skin degradation enzyme, followed by an anti-collagenase test. Finally, normal cell proliferation was also evaluated via the MTT method measuring cell viability on HDFa cells. Results: As the results, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol fraction showed a strong antioxidant effect, having great capacity reducing DPPH, ABTS radicals, and also iron reduction, in contrast to n-hexane fraction that exhibited only weak activity. The antioxidant trend capacities were found directly correlated to total phenolic contents. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction was found to have optimum activity in inhibiting elastase and collagenase enzymes, showing a similar impact on cell viability. Conclusions: The ethyl acetate fraction from M. calabura exhibits the prospect for further development to support its effectiveness as an active ingredient in antiaging cosmetics.

Can Be miR-126-3p a Biomarker of Premature Aging? An Ex Vivo and In Vitro Study in Fabry Disease.

Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) characterized by lysosomal accumulation of glycosphingolipids in a wide variety of cytotypes, including endothelial cells (ECs). FD patients experience a significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population; therefore, the association with a premature aging process would be plausible. To assess this hypothesis, miR-126-3p, a senescence-associated microRNA (SA-miRNAs), was considered as an aging biomarker. The levels of miR-126-3p contained in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), with about 130 nm of diameter, were measured in FD patients and healthy subjects divided into age classes, in vitro, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) “young” and undergoing replicative senescence, through a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) approach. We confirmed that, in vivo, circulating miR-126 levels physiologically increase with age. In vitro, miR-126 augments in HUVECs underwent replicative senescence. We observed that FD patients are characterized by higher miR-126-3p levels in sEVs, compared to age-matched healthy subjects. We also explored, in vitro, the effect on ECs of glycosphingolipids that are typically accumulated in FD patients. We observed that FD storage substances induced in HUVECs premature senescence and increased of miR-126-3p levels. This study reinforces the hypothesis that FD may aggravate the normal aging process.

Whole Genome Linkage Scan Identifies a Novel Locus on 3q28 for TG/HDL-C Ratio Change Over Time

TG/HDL-C ratio (THR) represents a single inherited surrogate predictor of hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance that is associated with premature aging processes, risk of diabetes and increased mortality. To identify genetic loci for THR change over time (ΔTHR), we conducted a whole genome linkage scan among subjects of European ancestry who had complete data from two exams collected about seven years apart from the Long Life Family Study (LLFS, n=3091), a study with familial clustering of exceptional longevity in the US and Denmark. Subjects with diabetes or using medications for dyslipidemia were excluded from this analysis. ΔTHR was derived using growth curve modeling, and adjusted for age, sex, PCs, familial membership, and then log-transformed to approximate normality. Our linkage scan was built on haplotype-based IBD estimation with 0.5 cM average spacing. Heritability of ΔTHR was moderate (46%), and evidence for significant linkage (LOD>3) was identified on 3q28 (LOD=4.1). This locus harbors ADIPOQ among several other promising candidate genes. Interestingly, several studies previously reported suggestive evidence of linkage at this locus for relevant traits including adiponectin, dementia, AD and SBP. This linkage signal was not explained by significant GWAS SNPs for LPL or those under the peak (LOD attenuated to 3.7). In conclusion, we found a novel genetic locus on 3q28 for ΔTHR in subjects without diabetes selected for exceptional survival and healthy aging. Further query of sequence elements including rare functional and regulatory variants at this locus is underway which may reveal novel insights on insulin resistance mechanisms for aging.

Impacto de la suplementación con colágeno hidrolizado en mujeres fumadoras

Introducción: Por ser el rostro de la parte del organismo más expuesta y que sufre el proceso de envejecimiento prematuro, merece atención y prácticas que preserven su belleza. Objetivo: Analizar los beneficios de la suplementación con colágeno hidrolizado en la piel de mujeres fumadoras (n = 7). Métodos: Se complementó diariamente, durante 90 días, 10 mg de colágeno hidrolizado en polvo, que contiene 45 mg de vitamina C, 17 mcg de selenio, 3,5 mg de zinc y 9 g de colágeno hidrolizado. Se registró, a través de fotografías tomadas por un dermatólogo, el rostro de las mujeres antes y al final del tratamiento, para que a través de este se pudiera realizar la valoración cutánea por parte del médico. Se evaluó la textura, hidratación, arrugas, manchas y brillo de la piel. Resultados y Discusión: Las manchas y arrugas mostraron poca o ninguna mejoría, la hidratación y textura variaron entre mejoría y muy buena mejoría y el brillo tuvo el mejor resultado, con muy buena mejoría en todos los participantes. Conclusión: La suplementación de colágeno hidrolizado es beneficiosa para algunas características más superficiales de la piel, sin reducir el efecto de arrugas e imperfecciones. Sin embargo, se recomienda la suplementación ya que el colágeno es una sustancia natural en el cuerpo, que se degrada a lo largo de la vida, y esta degradación se acelera al fumar.

Novel triple-GEM mechanical design for the CMS-ME0 detector and its preliminary performance

In the framework of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider project (HL-LHC), the LHC experiments will require upgrades to their detectors to cope with the new accelerator performance. The upgrade of the CMS Muon Spectrometer foresees the installation of three new muon stations based on the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology, referred to as GE1/1, GE2/1 and ME0 detectors. While the installation and commissioning of the GE1/1 detectors is currently underway, the GE2/1 and ME0 detectors are expected to be installed between 2023 and 2027. The CMS Muon Collaboration has developed a novel construction design of large-area, trapezoidal-shaped GE1/1 triple-GEM detectors; in particular, a new self-stretching technique has been introduced to mechanically stretch the GEM-foils without using spacer grids or glue inside the gas volume in order to avoid dead regions (several percent) or possibly outgassing contaminants which could trigger premature aging processes. As it has been observed, the PCB boards, which define the gas enclosure of the detector, get deformed under the internal gas over-pressure, introducing irregularities in the planarity of the GE1/1 detector, which could potentially affect the uniformity of the detector performance. Therefore, the collaboration has established a set of tests and quality controls in order to quantify these irregularities and mitigate their impact on detector performance. Additionally, new solutions and design upgrades have been implemented to prevent such effects in future GE2/1 and ME0 upgrade projects. We will focus in particular on the novel design solutions based on the PCB distance holders (pillars), which the collaboration adopted for realization of the latter projects, and their impact on the performance of the detector, with a summary of the ongoing R&D activities.

1410-P: Genetics of TG/HDL-C Ratio and Its Change over Time in Nondiabetic Subjects

TG/HDL-C ratio (THR) represents a single inherited surrogate predictor of hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance that is associated with frank development of T2D, premature aging processes and increased mortality. To identify gene variants for THR and its change over time (THRGC), we conducted GWAS among subjects of European ancestry who had complete data from two exams collected ∼7 years apart from the LLFS (n = 3091), a study with familial clustering of exceptional longevity in the U.S. and Denmark. We sought replication in the FamHS (n = 3108, ∼7 years apart between two visits). Subjects with T2D or using medications for dyslipidemia were excluded from this analysis. THRGC was derived using growth curve modeling. Each phenotype was adjusted for age, sex, PCs and familial membership, and then log-transformed to approximate normality. EPACTS with make-kin and emmax options for familial clustering assuming additive genetic effects was used. P&amp;lt;5e-8 was used to declare genome-wide significance. Heritability estimates reached 38% for THR and 46% for THRGC in the LLFS. GWAS identified two significant loci for THR (LPL-rs328, stop gain, coding sequence variant, MAF=0.11, p=8e-9, replication p=4e-9; BUD13-ZNF259-APOA5-rs2072560, intron variant, MAF=0.07, p=2e-8, replication p=8e-14) and one locus for THRGC (LPL-rs78458743, ∼20 kb downstream, MAF=0.1, p=4e-8, replication p=0.01). The LPL gene encodes lipoprotein lipase that hydrolyzes chylomicrons and VLDL-C. Additionally, linkage scan identified a significant (Lods&amp;gt;3) locus on 3q28 (Lods=4.1) for THRGC in the LLFS. Further query of sequence elements under the linkage peak is underway. In conclusion, this first GWAS of THR identified the LPL gene (including a functional variant rs328) and the BUD13-ZNF259-APOA5 gene cluster for THR variation. The new findings highlight the importance of the LPL and APOA5 gene regulation of THR in subjects without diabetes selected for exceptional survival and healthy aging. Disclosure P. An: None. Y. Lu: None. B. Thyagarajan: None. A.L. Kuipers: None. J.A. Anema: None. I. Miljkovic: None. E.W. Daw: None. M. Province: None. Funding National Institute on Aging (U01AG023712, U01AG023744, U01AG023746, U01AG023749, U01AG023755)

Biological Aging and Immune Senescence in Children with Perinatally Acquired HIV.

Chronic HIV-infected children suffer from premature aging and aging-related diseases. Viral replication induces an ongoing inflammation process, with the release of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), the activation of the immune system, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Although combined highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly modified the natural course of HIV infection, normalization of T and B cell phenotype is not completely achievable; thus, many HIV-infected children display several phenotypical alterations, including higher percentages of activated cells, that favor an accelerated telomere attrition, and higher percentages of exhausted and senescent cells. All these features ultimately lead to the clinical manifestations related to premature aging and comorbidities typically observed in older general population, including non-AIDS-related malignancies. Therefore, even under effective treatment, the premature aging process of HIV-infected children negatively impacts their quality and length of life. This review examines the available data on the impact of HIV and ART on immune and biological senescence of HIV-infected children.