Preliminary Review Research Articles

Urine Culture Lab Stewardship: Preliminary Review of Using More Stringent Urinalysis Screening for Reducing of Unnecessary Urine Cultures

Urine Culture Lab Stewardship: Preliminary Review of Using More Stringent Urinalysis Screening for Reducing of Unnecessary Urine Cultures

Preface

2023 13th International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics (ICAPM 2023) was held in Singapore during March 10-12, 2023. In the past years, ICAPM was held in many large capital cities, such as Tokyo, Phuket, Singapore, Busan, Lisbon, Hong Kong, and Bangkok, etc. This conference provides a remarkable opportunity for the academic and industrial communities to address new challenges and share solutions, and discuss future research directions.The conference invited three internationally recognized experts in the field of applied physics and mathematics. They are Prof. Bakhodirzhon Siddikov, Ferris State University, USA, Prof. Naoyuki Ishimura, Chuo University, Japan, and Prof. Cheng-kuo Lee, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Scholars and researchers from China, Canada, India, Norway, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Russia, and so on took this opportunity to share their research results and discuss the future development of related fields.All papers in the conference proceeding have passed vigorous preliminary review and peer review by the technical committee. Professional comments are given according to the aspects of originality, innovation, applicability, technical merit, organizing and writing, relevance to conference, and so on. Authors benefit from the valuable comments and improve their submissions to meet the satisfaction of the reviewers. The proceeding contains a collection of research papers, and is divided into 3 chapters: Chapter 1 is entitled Basic Mathematics and Mathematical Computation; Chapter 2 is entitled Application of Mathematical Calculations and Models in Engineering; Chapter 3 is entitled Physical Theory and Engineering Physics.List of Organizing Committees, Statement of Peer Review are available in this Pdf.

(065) What's Up with the Use of Sensate Focus Touch in Sex Therapy and Sexual Health?: A Critical Literature Review

Abstract Introduction Sensate Focus touching has been the foundation of sex therapy since the 1960's and is still widely used to resolve sexual difficulties. In recent years Sensate Focus touch has been updated to reflect its relationship to mindfulness and somatic approaches and the later adaptions made by Masters and Johnson, but which have not been widely publicized. A preliminary literature review was conducted in 2015 to investigate the use of Sensate Focus as reflected in the field. This most recent review covering the period from 2014-2019, was a follow up to that initial study. Objectives The study was focused on answering 6 questions related to the use of Sensate Focus touching suggestions: 1. Does the literature reflect continued use of Sensate Focus and with which populations and therapeutic approaches? 2. What does recent research suggest about the efficacy of Sensate Focus? 3. Is Sensate Focus referenced in medically oriented journals as well as those in the mental health field? 4. Do recent publications reflect the updated instructions for Sensate Focus? 5. When Sensate Focus is referenced in an article or study, is it described in detail or simply mentioned? 6. If details are included, do they conflate Sensate Focus 1 for sexual distress and Sensate Focus 2 for sexual enhancement? Methods A systematic database search was conducted on 21 June, 2018 to identify contemporary scholarly works mentioning Sensate Focus. Papers published from January 2015 to June 2018 using the search term “Sensate Focus” in social sciences and medical sciences databases were collected. Following removal of non English and duplicate articles, and those published by the authors, the search yielded 58 unique results. Results without an abstract or without content related to psychology, sexuality, medicine or sex therapy in the abstract were removed. The authors assessed and reviewed the full text of the remaining 47 articles. Three of these articles were removed for relevance and an additional four scholarly works (one article and three books) were identified and added. These 48 works met full criteria for review and were grouped by their relevance to the six questions being considered. Results Results indicated that health professionals have continued to apply Sensate Focus to a wide variety of sexual distresses of psychosocial, medical, and combined etiologies. The literature in both mental health and medically oriented journals reflects a growing diversity of populations including non heterosexual couples, individuals with chronic pain, sexual trauma survivors, alcoholics, opioid users and others. Technological advances were reflected in the literature as well, including on line programs. Therapeutic approaches interlaced with Sensate Focus suggestions identified were numerous including cognitive- behavioral, systemic, somatic and mindfulness as well as medical approaches to intervention. Several studies identified Sensate Focus as efficacious but extrapolation was difficult due to the use of combined therapies such as CBT. Further results indicated that there is very little detailed description of how Sensate Focus is actually utilized with most publications simply mentioning its use, and confusion continues to exist about the updated instructions for Sensate Focus as used with those experiencing sexual distress. Conclusions Sensate Focus continues to be increasingly referenced in the medical and social science literature with evidence of efficacy in treating a wide variety of sexual distresses, including those of combined etiology in a biopsychosocial approach. More diverse populations are being served in increasingly innovative ways with a new understanding of the somatic and mindfulness elements of Sensate Focus. Confusion remains about the specific updated instructions and the difference between use with sexual distress or for optimization of intimate interaction. This confusion in instructions may affect client cooperation and affect the drop out rate. Further research is needed to make this determination. In general, more rigorous investigations are needed including operational definitions of variables, randomized control trials, long term follow up and especially isolating the role of Sensate Focus as independent from other treatment modalities. Disclosure No.

NEURAL RADIANCE FIELDS (NERF): REVIEW AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS TO DIGITAL CULTURAL HERITAGE

Abstract. Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF or NeRFs) are to date emerging as a novel method for synthesizing novel views of complex 3D scenes, leveraging an artificial neural network to optimize a volumetric scene function using a set of input views. We conduct a preliminary critical review of the scientific and technical literature on NeRFs, and we highlight possible applications of the latter in the Cultural Heritage domain, for the image-based reconstruction of 3D models of real, multi-scale objects, even in combination with the more well-established photogrammetric techniques. A comparison is made between NeRFs and photogrammetry in terms of operating procedures and outputs (volumetric renderings vs. point clouds or meshes). It is demonstrated that NeRFs could be conveniently used for rendering objects (sculptures, archaeological remains, sites, paintings etc.) that are challenging for photogrammetry, typically: i) metallic, translucent, and/or transparent surfaces; ii) objects that present homogeneous textures; iii) occlusions, vegetation, and elements of very fine detail.

Data Security Threats On Smart Devices At Home

The Internet of things (IoT) has been trending recently as a new technology for connecting devices to the Internet, from simple sensors or actuators to more powerful components with processing and prediction capabilities. Although home automation is not new, IoT has boosted domotics by allowing remote management of security and energy through mobile phones and providing new (smart) and more natural methods of interaction with home devices (Edu et al. 2019). Along with this trend, information security concerns have also emerged due to the possible security breaches and personal data access by IoT devices, or even unauthorized access to devices and their capabilities to turn on or off electrical appliances. When mobile app users skip or ignore the terms and conditions proposed by the companies, it shows how little concern exists about the use or exploitation of personal data because there is no choice, because it's difficult to understand the legal terms, or just because the threats or abuses are unknown. Similarly, the users of home automation devices (not necessarily using IoT protocols or standards) are focused on functionality but unaware of security issues due to the device's connection to the home network and the Internet. The exploration of common vulnerabilities and attacks in home automation devices highlights the need for resilience in the IoT ecosystem. As more devices become connected to the Internet, the risk of security breaches and unauthorized access to personal data increases. Developing effective countermeasures and improving awareness among users are key factors in creating a more resilient IoT infrastructure. This working paper explores common vulnerabilities and attacks in home automation devices identified in the literature, aiming to establish guides and recommendations for using them more smartly and securely. For this, we have done a preliminary review based on the results of the search equations shown in Table 1, filtering those titles which address technical issues, thus classifying them and analyzing possible countermeasures to prevent or mitigate the vulnerability at different levels. The review of the documents has led to a first classification of the results of the threats for the users, regardless of the technical source of the security breach: Personal data exploitation: it refers to gathering data related directly to the functions of the device, for example, voice patterns extracted from personal assistants, which may be used for identity supplantation, or routines analysis based on timestamps stored on each interaction with the device (Acar et al. 2018). Unauthorized control of devices: it refers to accessing the device to control its outputs (lights, locks, appliances) due to poor authentication mechanisms, communication protocols, or the lack of a secure channel between the user and its device. Unauthorized access to network resources and personal data: this is related to sharing network access data with third parties, letting them access other devices on the same network, getting personal data from the user’s accounts. Personal data exploitation: it refers to gathering data related directly to the functions of the device, for example, voice patterns extracted from personal assistants, which may be used for identity supplantation, or routines analysis based on timestamps stored on each interaction with the device (Acar et al. 2018). Unauthorized control of devices: it refers to accessing the device to control its outputs (lights, locks, appliances) due to poor authentication mechanisms, communication protocols, or the lack of a secure channel between the user and its device. Unauthorized access to network resources and personal data: this is related to sharing network access data with third parties, letting them access other devices on the same network, getting personal data from the user’s accounts. Understanding the roots of the vulnerabilities help us to establish a road to further examination of its challenges and possible solutions, which are not only technical, but also regulatory, or oriented to improve the awareness of the final users. Also, the results also lead to other studies directly with the users and their knowledge and perceptions about the security issues inherent to the smart devices.

Examining the Use of Art as a Tool for Social Justice in Kenya

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine art as a tool for social justice in Kenya.
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
 Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the use of art as a tool for social justice in Kenya. The preliminary empirical review revealed that art education is a useful tool in promoting social justice, as it enhances student engagement and facilitates the exchange of information and resources. The study revealed that the community art project facilitated critical thinking, self-expression, and social cohesion among participants. It contributed to raising awareness of social justice issues and empowering marginalized individuals and communities.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Critical Theory, Cultural Hegemony and Aesthetics of Liberation may be used to anchor future studies on the use of art as a tool for social justice in Kenya. The government should promote inclusivity and diversity in the arts by supporting the representation and visibility of underrepresented groups as well as providing resources, funding, and platforms for artists and communities to collaborate on projects that address social justice concerns and amplify marginalized voices.

Innovative practices amongst academics working within a VET institution: A grounded theory approach

Innovative processes within an organisation are essential to drive operations forward. These can be driven by individual employee innovation actions and innovative work behaviour. Within educational settings, such academic-driven innovations are important as they tend to enhance both the quality and outcome of the learning process (Messmann and Mulder 2011). The factors that influence innovative behaviours in academics within an educational sphere have been categorised by Thurlings, Evers, and Vermeulen (2015) into three core categories. These comprise demographic, organisational, and individual factors. The need for innovation within Vocational Educational Training (VET) providers is high although challenging when it comes to implementation (Toner 2010), since VET colleges and educators must be significantly responsive to changes in societies and workplace. This provides the learners with optimal learning opportunities and job preparation (Nieuwenhuis, Nijhof, and Heikkinen 2005). Through a preliminary review of literature, a gap was identified in terms of research studies that specifically address and seek to explain the complexity of innovative behaviours adopted by VET academics. This qualitative research project aims to address and contribute to filling inthis gap in literature to identify the key factors that affect innovation in educational settings. The study looks into the innovative behaviours and practices being adopted by academics working within a national vocational college in the small island state of Malta. The research question guiding the investigation and the respective supporting objectives are the following: How do academics within a vocational college make use of innovative practices to enhance their students learning process?

Brazil: Impacts of Digital Technology on Sustainability in the Automotive Recycling Sector

Objective: The article aims to analyze the impact of digital technology on the sustainability of automotive recycling, highlighting the importance of using digital technology to monitor sustainability requirements throughout the vehicle life cycle and recycling processes.
 
 Method: The study is based on research developed under the Postdoctoral Program in Business Administration at FCU Florida Christian University. Preliminary data and literature review on sustainable management, automotive recycling and waste disposal are presented, and the use of digital technology in this context is explored.
 
 Results: The results highlight the lack of shared protocols and knowledge about hazardous waste in the automotive sector. Areas of action for companies and countries wishing to move towards the circular economy, such as neutralizing CO2 emissions and using renewable energy sources, are also presented.
 
 Conclusions: The article highlights the need to develop and implement digital technology tools for managing sustainability policies in the automotive sector. The use of digital technology can contribute to the proper management of waste, the valorization of components, and the minimization of environmental impact throughout the life cycle of the vehicle.

The Role of Instructors Support and Feedback on the Performance of Online and Distance Learning

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of instructors support and feedback on the performance of online and distance learning.
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
 Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the role of instructors support and feedback on the performance of online and distance learning. Preliminary empirical review revealed that there is need for instructors to prioritize personalized support, timely feedback, and active engagement with learners to foster a supportive and engaging learning environment.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Presence Theory, Self-Determination Theory and the Transactional Distance Theory may be used to anchor future studies on the role of instructors support and feedback on the performance of online and distance learning. Instructors should establish clear communication channels and responsive feedback mechanisms to facilitate ongoing interaction with learners. Instructors should provide constructive and personalized feedback that focuses on both strengths and areas for improvement. Instructors should actively foster a sense of community and social presence in online and distance learning environments. Lastly, professional development and training programs should be offered to instructors to enhance their pedagogical skills in online and distance learning

Attitudes and Perceptions of Online Instructors towards the Use of Social Media in Teaching and Learning in East African Countries

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the attitudes and perceptions of online instructors towards the use of social media in teaching and learning in East African countries
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
 Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the attitudes and perceptions of online instructors towards the use of social media in teaching and learning in East African countries. Preliminary empirical review revealed that online instructors in East African countries perceive social media to be a useful tool in teaching and learning, as it enhances student engagement and facilitates the exchange of information and resources. Concerns about privacy, information security, and access to social media platforms were identified in some universities in the region. Positive attitudes towards the use of social media in teaching and learning were found in most of the studies reviewed.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Social Presence Theory and Community of Inquiry (CoI) Framework may be used to anchor future studies on the attitudes and perceptions of online instructors towards the use of social media in teaching and learning in East African countries. Universities in East African countries should develop policies and guidelines on the use of social media in teaching and learning. Online instructors should be provided with training and support on how to use social media effectively in teaching and learning. Universities in the region should invest in social media technologies to enhance the teaching and learning experience for students.

Information literacy curriculum mapping in the health sciences

Instructional medical librarians are uniquely positioned in a context governed by multiple instructional frameworks emerging from librarianship and the professions with which they liaise. Yet very little literature exists on medical librarians’ use of curriculum mapping to align their instruction with these frameworks. This review illuminates the current state of curriculum mapping in medical librarianship. We searched five bibliographic databases for articles published between 2010 and August 2021 and centred on information literacy (IL) curriculum mapping within a health sciences university context. Studies were included based upon pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted using an instrument developed primarily a priori, with some codes developed emergently in response to preliminary review of the data. We included 127 studies focused on curriculum mapping, of which only 24 included structures which might be considered “curriculum maps”. Across all 127 studies included, The Association of College & Research Libraries’ Information Literacy Competency Standards for Libraries for Higher Education was the most-used IL framework, though versions of evidence-based practice were used more often, with a great deal of diversity and incomplete reporting on how these frames informed instruction of discrete concepts and skills. Within the 24 articles containing figurative curriculum maps, the same diversity of concepts and incomplete reporting was present, with librarians mapping IL frameworks to classroom activities more often than learning outcomes or competencies. Development of curricular maps aligning discrete IL concepts and skills with different disciplinary contexts is needed to provide instructors with a modular structure they might implement in their own contexts. To further the identification of best practices, future research should examine existing curricular maps made by librarians.

Self-Esteem, Study Habits and Academic Performance among University Students

Purpose: This study intended to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and study habits on the academic performance of students in universities.
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
 Findings: The findings of the study revealed the existence of a contextual and methodological gap relating to self- esteem and study habits on the academic performance of university students. Preliminary empirical review found that self-esteem does not account for low or high academic performance, as most students reported enjoying a good level of self-esteem, regardless of their grades. However, the same is not true of study habits, which are tied to academic performance as shown by our results and prior research. Hence better performance is expected of students if their study techniques are to improve.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning and Cognitive Evaluation theories may be used to anchor future studies on self-esteem and study habits on the academic performance of university students. In terms of self-esteem, improvement thereof is not an urgent matter as nearly all students claim a good level of self-esteem, hence it would be appropriate to consider other variables for future research.

Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes following endocrine resistance among with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer: Retrospective observational study.

e13069 Background: Endocrine therapy (ET) ± CDK 4/6 inhibitors is a common initial treatment for HR+/HER2-low (IHC 1+ or IHC2+/ISH-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC). However, many patients eventually progress on ET-based regimen and receive subsequent chemotherapy (CT). This study aimed to describe treatment patterns and outcomes following endocrine resistance among HR+/HER2-low mBC patients in U.S community oncology practices. Methods: Participating oncologists from Cardinal Health’s Oncology Provider Extended Network (OPEN) provided data from the medical charts of adult patients with HR+/HER2-low mBC who received at least two lines (2L) of systemic therapy, with first line (1L) initiated between Feb 19, 2016, and Dec 31, 2018. Analysis was performed among patients who received a subsequent chemotherapy (CT) after progression on their last observed line of ET-based regimen. Patient characteristics and treatment history were summarized descriptively. Kaplan-Meier analyses of treatment outcomes, including physician-reported real-world progression free survival (rwPFS), time to treatment response (TTR) and time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) were performed. Results: 150 HR+/HER2-low mBC patients who received subsequent chemotherapy after ET resistance were included [mean age: 61±11 years, 57.3% were white and 32.7% were black]. The proportion of patients who stopped ET after 1L, 2L and ≥3L of ET were 23.3% (n=35), 70.7% (n=106) and 6.0% (n=9), respectively. The mean duration of ET-based regimens was 29.7 (SD: 13.12) months. Among patients who stopped ET after 1L (n=35), most patients received fulvestrant + palbociclib (48.6%) in 1L prior to switching to CT. Among those who stopped ET after 2 or more lines (n=115), most patients received letrozole + palbociclib (57.4%) in 1L and fulvestrant (46.1%) in 2L. The most common CT regimen utilized was capecitabine (47.0%) followed by paclitaxel (28.0%). The median rwPFS on CT was 8.12 months (95% CI 7.36-9.24), with slightly shorter median rwPFS among those who stopped ET after 1L (7.82 months, 95% CI 7.07-9.53) vs. 2L+ (8.19 months, 95% CI 6.97-9.99). The median TTD of CT was 7.82 months (95% CI 7.07-8.61) and TTR was 4.96 months (95% CI 4.24-5.72), with similar estimates observed between patients who stopped ET after 1L and 2L+. Conclusions: In this small sample of HR+/HER2-low mBC patients, most patients switched to CT after receiving two lines of ET based regimens. Following ET resistance, durability of response with subsequent CT was short and similar irrespective of number of prior lines of ET based regimens. This preliminary chart review study highlights the unmet need for a more effective therapeutic alternative to CT after ET for HR+/HER2-low mBC patients. Further research using larger sample and more robust clinical data is warranted to confirm the study findings.

IMPORT-201 (IMP-MEL): A phase 1 first-in-human dose finding/randomized phase 2 study of a novel iNKT agonist IMM60 and pembrolizumab for advanced melanoma and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

2575 Background: Invariant natural killer T-cells (iNKTs) share features of NK-like cells and T-cells, playing a role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. The importance of this relatively rare lymphocyte subset has generated interest due to its dual ability to have a direct cytotoxic effect on CD1d expressing tumors as well as to induce long-lasting antitumor CD8 T cell responses mediated by cross-priming and licensing of dendritic cells. While many current clinical approaches involve the use of allogeneic iNKT cells, here we describe initial clinical studies with IMM60, a synthetically derived agonist of iNKT cells formulated in a liposome (PORT-2). In preclinical studies, IMM60 treatment results in maturation of DCs and B cells and a potent stimulation of iNKT cell-derived IFN-g. In murine efficacy studies, IMM60 demonstrated monotherapy activity in multiple PD-1 resistant models (e.g., B16-F10), as well as upregulation of PD-L1 expression on cancer cells and re-sensitization to PD-1 inhibition. Methods: The IMPORT-201 trial is a multicenter, international expansion of an open-label first-in-human phase I/II investigator initiated study (IMP-MEL). Ph 1 is currently enrolling patients with NSCLC or melanoma. IMM60-containing liposomes are administered IV Q3W at 3 escalating dose levels for 6 doses as monotherapy or with pembrolizumab 200mg Q3W. The Ph I portion of the study seeks to establish the recommended Ph 2 dose of IMM60 alone and in combination with pembrolizumab. The Ph 2 evaluates IMM60 monotherapy, PD-1 monotherapy, and the combination. Results: Eight patients with melanoma (n=4) or NSCLC (n=4) have been enrolled in the IMM60 monotherapy dose cohorts. These patients were heavily pretreated, having a median of 3.5 prior therapies (range 2-7). One patient with NSCLC has been enrolled to the IMM60 + pembrolizumab combination cohort. IMM60 was well tolerated with no treatment-related SAEs or G3-5 AEs, and no MTD was determined. The most common related AE is G1-2 fatigue, reported in 2 patients. In the monotherapy cohort, a preliminary review of individual target lesions showed 2 lesions that completely resolved, 1 lesion with 69% decrease in size, 10 lesions that were stable, and 6 lesions with >20% increase in size. Serum biomarker analysis demonstrated evidence of iNKT and NK activation, as well as increases in dendritic and CD86+ B cells. Pharmacokinetics demonstrate dose proportionality with a terminal half-life of ~8 hours. Conclusions: IMM60 is well tolerated as monotherapy and in combination with pembrolizumab at the doses tested. These data show that a single agent iNKT agonist can be safely administered in a heavily pre-treated population and initiate immune activation. The combination with pembrolizumab is ongoing, and updated results of the Ph 1 portion of the study will be reported. Clinical trial information: NCT05709821 .

인터넷 환경에서의 대중음악규제 양상: 청소년 유해음반 지정과 해제를 중심으로

In the history of Korean popular music, government regulations and cancellations can be summarized as: the cancelling of banned songs (1987), abolition of the pre-deliberation system (1996), and cancellation of the designation of music as harmful to the youth (2012). A major change after the abolition of the pre-deliberation system (1996) is that the goal of popular music regulation changed to ‘protection of youth’, resulting in the emergence of strong resistance from popular musicians and music listeners.
 In 2012, Psy’s <Gangnam Style> topped the Billboard charts and gained millions of views on YouTube, but <Right Now> (announced in 2010) was designated as a harmful song to the youth due to its alcohol drinking-related expressions, making it difficult for teenagers and foreigners to access. The Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, which is in charge of designation, prepared the detailed standards for deliberation in 2011 to supplement these problems. Furthermore, in 2012, the ministry decided to cancel the designation of 297 songs among those judged as harmful. The cancellation of the designation of music harmful to youth in 2012 was a major event comparable to the lifting of the banned music in 1987 and the abolition of the preliminary review system in 1996.
 The designation of popular music as songs harmful to the youth aroused opposition from many singers and production companies. When <Hands Up> sung by 2PM was designated as a harmful song, strong complaints were raised from fans, and the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family enacted the ‘Enforcement Rules’ for deliberations to be objective. However, despite the ministry’s efforts, Family, opposition to the designation of media as harmful continued. In particular, a series of incidents related to Psy’s <Right Now> occurred in the process of publicizing fans through the internet. In the simple 인터넷 환경에서의 대중음악규제 양상 권정구 59 structure of ‘stars and fandoms’, ‘stars and fandoms and netizens at home and abroad’ were added to expand the scope. Teenagers who prefer internet videos could go beyond PC communication generation and become a strong force of resistance to popular music regulations. As the media environment changes, music producers are proceeding with legal actions against popular music regulations, while music audiences are also expressing their dissatisfaction by attacking the homepage, making complaint calls, and these actions are gradually extending to the younger age group. ‘Youth protection’ is gradually changing from regulation of popular music content to an area that protects participants (singers, performers, etc.).

Іntegrity and good faith in the european concept of good administration: framework for legal and scientific research

Clarifying the essence of the good public administration in the USA, United Kingdom, European countries, and Ukraine has led to the need for special studies of the Good Faith and Іntegrity principles. The purpose of this paper is to develop the framework for future study of the doctrine of good administration, within the European cultural and legal tradition. This study represents a “triune” system of methodology: 1) general (meta-theoretical) methods – theory “Law as Іntegrity” of Ronald M. Dworkin); 2) special (typical for the work) method – a legal operationalization; 3) applied methods – logical-linguistic and sociological methods of content analysis. The results of preliminary review of the theoretical works were significantly modified on a basis of the collection and study of empirical material of activities in the sphere of public administration. A significant body of legal texts were examined by using the content-analysis method which has been successfully applied in the framework of the empirical research. The conclusions contain a basic hypothesis for future research. The basic concept of the claimed research, which has been developed, in such a way, is reduced to object, subject and aim of the further study of the issues raised in the field of good public administration.

ChatGPT and Open-AI Models: A Preliminary Review

According to numerous reports, ChatGPT represents a significant breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is a pre-trained AI model designed to engage in natural language conversations, utilizing sophisticated techniques from Natural Language Processing (NLP), Supervised Learning, and Reinforcement Learning to comprehend and generate text comparable to human-generated text. This article provides an overview of the training process and fundamental functionality of ChatGPT, accompanied by a preliminary review of the relevant literature. Notably, this article presents the first comprehensive literature review of this technology at the time of publication, aiming to aggregate all the available pertinent articles to facilitate further developments in the field. Ultimately, the authors aim to offer an appraisal of the technology’s potential implications on existing knowledge and technology, along with potential challenges that must be addressed.

Oral Health Promotion among Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.

People with disabilities experience inferior health and poor access to good quality health services as compared with the general population. Optimum oral health is associated with improvement in the quality of life in such patients. As oral diseases are largely preventable, good oral health education can have a positive impact on individuals with disabilities. So, the aim of the study was to review the effectiveness of oral health promotion among individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Seven electronic databases were searched using keywords like intellectual disability/mental retardation/learning disability AND dental health education/health promotion. All records that were identified electronically from this search were subjected to a preliminary review to identify eligible papers. Identified studies were grouped into oral health promotion directed at individuals with IDs, and those aimed at caregivers of people with IDs. Interpretation of the outcomes included the effects on oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (either observed or self-reported). Eventually, 16 studies were included in the review including five studies that were randomized controlled trials, while the remaining 11 studies were pre-post single group oral health promotion studies. Critical appraisal of each study was conducted with the 21-item criteria by Kay and Locker (1997) to provide a numerical quantification and ranking of the evidence. Positive changes in the behaviors and attitudes were observed, while other studies reported a considerable improvement in the knowledge of caregivers for oral healthcare of individuals with IDs. However, such activities need to be done over a long period of time with constant monitoring.

A REVIEW OF THE MALAYSIAN JURISPRUDENCE OF CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION

This article is a preliminary review of the prevailing approaches of constitutional interpretation applied in the notable judgments by the Malaysian Apex court. The application of various constitutional interpretive approaches by the Malaysian judiciary varies according to various theories and canons of interpretation. For the purpose of this review, a qualitative method is employed through doctrinal analysis and case studies. It is discovered that the application of the various approaches does not always correspond to the philosophy underlying them. Such inconsistency in the understanding of the approaches and their application can cause distortion in the jurisprudence of interpreting the Constitution. This article concludes by offering practical insights regarding Malaysian jurisprudence in constitutional interpretation. It is hoped that this brief comparative narrative will be advantageous as a preliminary discourse to encourage further research on the topic.

A preliminary review of the parenting assessment and skill development service: A 10‐day residential service for families at risk of child maltreatment

AbstractTweddle's Parenting Assessment and Skill Development Service (PASDS) is a 10‐day residential programme for families at risk of child maltreatment. The service aims to conduct a comprehensive parenting capacity assessment to inform case management and improve parenting practices. The aims of the study were to (1) describe the psychosocial functioning of parents taking part in PASDS, (2) describe the key parenting assessment outcomes, and (3) explore parents' experiences of participation in PASDS including (a) perceived barriers and enablers of participation and (b) perceived outcomes for their family. Participants were 18 parents who participated in Tweddle's PASDS in Melbourne, Australia. A mixed methods study comprising a case file review and qualitative interviews was conducted. Parents accessing PASDS had experienced adverse childhood events, and many were experiencing mental health difficulties. Interviews with parents revealed perceived benefits of PASDS in improving parenting knowledge and skills, family relationships, and parenting confidence. At the time of discharge, 33% of families were assessed as unable to provide independent care for their child. The current findings have important implications for the further evaluation of evidenced‐based services which can improve the accuracy of parenting capacity assessments, aiding in child protection decision‐making related to child placement and safety.