Preliminary Impression Research Articles

Preliminary impressions: Using a humanoid robot in the neuropsychological assessment of children with selective mutism

Preliminary impressions: Using a humanoid robot in the neuropsychological assessment of children with selective mutism

Alginate versus addition silicone: What is the best material for removable partial dentures?

Objective: The objective of this study was to create a narrative literature review article, covering two different types of materials: silicone and alginate, with the aim of seeing which is the best material to compose a removable partial denture. Methodology: The searches were carried out in PUBMED Central, Web of Science, VHL/BIREME, Brazilian CAPES, Scielo and using the Google Academy portal. A total of 24 articles were acquired that address the benefits and harms of using silicone and alginate in removable partial dentures, in addition to their differences. We consult periodicals and books, aiming to obtain more reliable information on the topic. In order to carry out a literature review, the vision of Mattos (2015) was used to structure the article. Results: During the study, it was seen that addition silicone is widely considered the best material due to its high precision, excellent ability to reproduce details and superior dimensional stability, however alginate is more economical and easier to use, it is more suitable for preliminary impressions and situations where extreme precision is not essential.

Satellite imagery reveals the nature of the Archaean granite-greenstone basement of the Kruger National Park, South Africa, including the newly discovered Olifants River Greenstone Belt

Abstract Archaean greenstone remnants comprising mainly metamorphosed basaltic lavas and lesser metasedimentary interlayers are components of the granite-gneiss-migmatite basement terrane of the central and northern parts of the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa’s premier wildlife nature reserve. Most of the greenstone remnants represent extensions into the Kruger Park of better developed and exposed greenstone belts that exist beyond the borders to the west, including the Giyani and Murchison greenstone belts. Geological mapping in the national park presents challenges as exposures are poor and discontinuous, with the dense bush and wildlife adding to the difficulties. Satellite remote sensing provided an ideal solution and in this study Google Earth imagery proved to be especially helpful. The imagery provides a synoptic overview of the terrane making it possible to establish the outline of greenstone remnants irrespective of the dense bush cover. Google Earth imagery furthermore provided a preliminary impression of a hitherto unknown, yet sizeable, greenstone belt remnant in a remote area south of the Olifants River in the central section of the KNP. Referred to as the Olifants River Greenstone Belt in this study the remnant occurs as a major Type 2 interference fold resembling a mushroom-shaped diapir with a broad bulbous core fringed by laterally flattened skirts. Images are presented that illustrate various components of this imposing structure. Google Earth images furthermore display the general character of the Archaean granite-greenstone basement and the Palaeo- and Mesoproterozoic intrusive dyke swarms on the northeastern flank of the Kaapvaal Craton.

The speed of completion of the decremental responses on repetitive nerve stimulation

ObjectiveIt is generally believed that the decremental response in repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) stabilizes at the fourth or fifth response. We have a preliminary impression that the decremental response approaches a plateau earlier in proximal muscles than in distal muscles. We investigated the speed of the completion of the decremental response in different muscles. MethodsThe “decrement completion ratio (DCR)” in the second or third response (DCR2 or DCR3) was defined as the ratio of the decremental percentage of the second or third response to that of the fourth response. Patients showing more than 10% decremental response both in the abductor pollicis (APB) and deltoid muscles were retrospectively extracted from our EMG database. The DCR2 and DCR3 were compared between two muscles in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ResultsIdentified subjects consisted of 11patients with MG and 11 patients with ALS. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only the difference of muscle influenced on DCR2 and DCR3, with no contribution from the different disorder (MG or ALS) or the initial amplitude of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP). Both DCR2 and DCR3 were significantly higher in deltoid than in APB. In ALS, the normalized CMAP amplitude was not different between APB and deltoid whereas the decremental percentage was significantly higher in deltoid, suggesting a lower safety factor of the neuromuscular transmission in proximal muscles. ConclusionsThe decremental response completed more rapidly in deltoid than in APB which may be related to the lower safety factor also documented by this study. SignificanceUnexpected early completion of the decrement such as at the second response in RNS is not a technical error but may be an extreme of the rapid completion in deltoid, a proximal muscle.

PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH RESECTION OF THE HARD PALATE WITH AN OBTURATOR WITH A SILICONE BASE

The most commonly used treatment method for maxillary resection patients is with an obturator, closing the communication between the oral and nasal cavity. Prosthetic methods and means with different types of materials are used for its fabrication. The purpose of the described clinical case is to track the opportunity for treatment of a patient with resection of the hard palate, with an obturator with a silicon base.The clinical case tracks the treatment of a patient with maxillary carcinoma. Preliminary alginate impressions were taken from the jaws. A custom tray with which a functional impression with a silicone material was taken, was fabricated for the mandible. The height and the central position of the mandible were determined with record bases with wax rims. The dentures were finished with heat cured resin. The upper denture was used as a custom tray for taking a functional impression of the prosthetic field with silicone cream material. After packing in the laboratory, the impression material was replaced with permanent soft relining material Molloplast B (Detax). The finished dentures were adjusted and articulated until bilaterally balanced occlusion was achieved. Treatment results showed good retention and stability of the prosthetic construction. Functional impression shaping and subsequent replacing with silicon material ensured a good and tight hermetic seal in the area of the defect. The use of permanent soft relining material allowed a trauma-free transmission of masticatory pressure and a stable connection with the plastic base of the obturator. The patient’s eating and speech as well as the fluid intake were successfully restored. The achieved results improved the quality of life of the patient and his self-esteem. Prosthetic treatment with an obturator with a silicon base provides good retention and stability of the prosthetic construction which allows successful restoration of the patient`s eating and speech.

Kabalis / Kabalia Yüksek Yayla Yerleşimlerinde Zeus ve Şimşek Demeti Kabartmaları

The worship of Zeus, the head of the gods of Olympus, is more widespread in rural areas than in urban centers in the Kabalis / Kabalia region. Zeus, who is generally seen in cities for the prosperity and well-being of the city or for amity in treaties, has a different presence in rural areas than the established cult in the cities. Zeus, who is mostly associated with the sky and celestial phenomena, also manifests himself in rural life in agriculture and animal husbandry. In this context, the bust of Zeus and the reliefs, altars and architectural blocks bearing winged or wingless thunderbolt, the attribute of Zeus and recorded in ancient literature, were analyzed on the basis of rural life and especially seasonal migration. In addition to these finds, two altars, one with an inscription, registered in the inventory of the Burdur Archaeological Museum, were also included in the research, and, in relation to rural life and transhumance activities the characteristics related to this deity were investigated. This depiction, which is sometimes seen as a winged thunderbolt and sometimes as a thunderbolt carried by an eagle on the coins of the cities of the Kabalis / Kabalia Region during the Hellenistic Period, appears on rock reliefs, architectural blocks, and altars in the high plateaus, permanent or periodic rural settlements during the Roman Imperial Period. Through the identification of the finds in the region, including those with similar reliefs, a preliminary impression of the epithets with which this deity may have been worshipped has been attempted.

Customized Preliminary Impression: A Novel Impression Technique for Severely Resorbed Edentulous Ridges

Patients with long-term edentulism and/or ill-fitting (poorly fitted) dentures are more likely to experience severe mandibular alveolar ridge resorption. Some of these patients have genial tubercles that rise over the mandibular residual ridge in the anterior region and protrude into the floor of the mouth. Typically, the most prominent portions of the resorbed mandibular edentulous ridge are in contact with the lingual flanges of the mandibular stock impression trays (i.e., genial tubercles and internal oblique lines). In these situations, it is advised that a preliminary custom impression tray be created to pour an initial impression, allowing for the fabrication of individual custom trays. In general, dental practice for the fabrication of the complete denture, the stock trays are used for making the preliminary impression and the custom trays for the final impression. The present article portrays an innovative and efficient clinical technique involving the fabrication of a customized preliminary impression tray for preliminary impression making particularly in unconventional situations, that is, pronounced mandibular alveolar ridge resorption.

Preliminary impression for maxillary defect: A two-step technique.

Preliminary impressions must record the periphery and height of maxillary defects to allow for an eventual extension of the master impression tray. These impressions are usually made with irreversible hydrocolloid. Carrying the impression material into the defect can be complex, especially in the case of a limited oral opening. Moreover, the patient can be harmed during the removal procedure, and material may be stuck in anatomical structures. The technique presented in this article avoids these issues in any maxillary defect with a two-step preliminary impression. An elastomeric material ball is first placed in the defect until full setting. Then, this "obturator bulb" is removed and eventually relined until it is retentive. Retentions are designed on the oral side of the bulb and the bulb is placed back into the defect. Finally, an alginate over-impression of the maxillary is made. The alginate is removed after full setting, and the obturator can be reassembled on the maxillary impression to provide a full recording of the maxillary. This protocol can safely be used for defects of any size, despite eventual limitations in oral opening.

Evaluation of Intraoral Full-Arch Scan versus Conventional Preliminary Impression.

An accurate impression is vital during prosthodontic rehabilitation. Digital scanning has become an alternative to conventional impressions. This study compares conventional preliminary impression techniques with digital scanning, evaluating the efficiency, treatment comfort, and trueness. Impressions of 28 patients were taken using conventional and digital techniques. The efficiency of both impression techniques was evaluated by measuring the mean working time. A visual analog scale questionnaire (1-10) was used to appreciate the participants' perceptions of discomfort. Morphometric measurements, which were carried out to determine the differences between the casts, were made on the buccolingual cross sections of teeth 11 and 31 and the distolingual and mesiobuccal cusp tips of each first molar. The total treatment time was 75.5 min for conventional and 12 min for digital impressions. The patients scored a mean discomfort assessment of 6.66 for conventional and 9.03 for digital scanning. No significant differences existed between the examined areas (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests) of the digital casts obtained by both techniques. The intraoral scan can be considered as an alternative to conventional preliminary impressions for performing study model analysis during orthodontic treatment planning. The digital impression is more comfortable and accepted by the patients than the conventional impression and has a shorter working time.

Does CEO celebrity affect IPO underpricing? Evidence from the strategic emerging industries in China

PurposeThe interaction between evaluators is underestimated in legitimacy literature. This study aims to examine the impact of CEO celebrity on initial public offerings (IPOs) underpricing in Strategic Emerging Industries (SEIs). Based on legitimacy and limited attention effect, this study introduces a new antecedent to the asset pricing literature under a particular sample.Design/methodology/approachThis paper illustrates how CEO celebrity promotes IPO underpricing by enhancing the legitimacy and then explores how the CEO characteristics can moderate this relationship. Using 1,128 IPO companies in China SEIs from 2010 to 2019, cross-section data is used to build a multiple linear regression model to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe result indicates that CEO celebrity is positively related to IPO underpricing. Founder CEO and CEO duality amplify the relationship. Further analysis shows that the relationship between CEO celebrity and IPO underpricing is more pronounced in firms with high Baidu search and low market sentiment.Originality/valueThis study provides insights into how CEO celebrity as notable internal information shapes the formation of investors' preliminary impressions of firms. The evidence consists of legitimacy and limited attention perspective by showing how investors favor, follow and hype the stocks with celebrity CEOs. The results extend the knowledge about how CEO characteristics influence information frictions in asset pricing during IPO.

PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF PATIENT WITH MANDIBLE RESECTION

Background: Literature findings indicate an increase in mandible resection cases. Retention and stability of dentures are the main issues in the prosthetic treatment of these defects. Aim: The aim of the presented clinical case is to explore the possibility of prosthetic treatment of a patient with mandible resection of the frontal area. Materials and methods: The clinical case monitors the prosthetic treatment of a 38-year-old patient with mandible cancer and resection in the frontal zone. The treatment plan was based on taking preliminary alginate impressions and developing gypsum models. It is planned to develop a partial acrylic denture sealed with silicone material. Additional preparation of the gypsum master model in the resection area took place in order to achieve the equal thickness of the special silicone material. The base of the alveolar bone was restored with hard plaster. In addition, the occlusal rim was fabricated with the purpose of establishing the centric relation and occlusal relationship. The denture was fabricated by acrylic resin with a low quantity of residual monomer and adjusted after adding silicone material over the resected part with functional tests to complete the design of the defect area. Results: The accessed treatment results indicate good retention and stability of the denture. The application of silicone material provided a non-traumatic transition of the masticatory pressure without decubital ulcers in the resected zone. Conclusion: The application of appropriate prosthetic treatment methods in patients with mandible resection leads to the successful restoration of feeding and speaking functions.

Preliminary Impressions on Champang Language: A Field Report with a few Grammar Notes

Preliminary Impressions on Champang Language: A Field Report with a few Grammar Notes

Cytomorphology of renal angiomyolipoma: performance and accuracy of touch preparation of core needle biopsy.

The recognition of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) can be challenging based on cytology preparations such as touch preparation (TP) of core needle biopsy (CNB) and fine needle aspiration. This study evaluated the cytologic features and performance of TP of CNB during rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of renal AML. A pathology database search was performed between 2000 and 2021 for renal CNB specimens with ROSE using TP that were primarily favored AML on preliminary impression and/or confirmed AML on CNB or subsequent resection. Twenty confirmed AML were identified (90% female, median age 65.5 years). Sixteen (80%) were deemed adequate for diagnosis at the time of ROSE, and 9 of 16 (56%) had available onsite impression: AML was favored in 4 of 9 cases (44%). Examination of TP slides revealed spindle/epithelioid cells in 20 (100%), adipose tissue in 14 (70%), and blood vessels in 3 (15%). All AML cases were subsequently confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, 3 other cases with ROSE favoring AML revealed to be "renal parenchyma with fibrosis," clear cell papillary renal cell tumor and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Onsite evaluation of TP ensures adequate material for diagnosis in most renal AML. Spindle/epithelioid cells were the most common component seen on TP, followed by adipose tissue. Blood vessels were rarely seen. While the recognition of AML at ROSE can be challenging, proper evaluation is important in obtaining adequate diagnostic tissue. Correlation with CNB and utilization of immunohistochemistry are crucial for arriving at the diagnosis.

Evaluation of One- and Two-Step Impression Techniques and Vertical Marginal Misfit in Fixed Prothesis.

12 impressions were made of a resin maxillary model (second premolar and second molar) with two prepared abutment teeth using vinyl polysiloxane (VPS); the margin of the second premolar was 0.5 mm subgingivally; and the margin of the second molar tooth was at the level of the gingiva. Impressions were made using two techniques: one-step and two-step putty/light materials. A three-unit metal framework was fabricated on the master model using the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique. The vertical marginal misfit was evaluated in the buccal, lingual, and mesial and distal surfaces of the abutments on the gypsum casts using a light microscope. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test (α < 0.05). The results showed significantly lower vertical marginal misfit in all six areas evaluated around the two abutments in the two-step impression technique compared with the corresponding values in the one-step technique. Vertical marginal misfit in the two-step technique with a preliminary putty impression was significantly lower than in the one-step putty/light-body technique.

Prosthetic approach following traumatic evisceration: a case report

A 20-year-old male patient was referred to Prosthodontic Department, Dental Hospital of Hasanuddin University, Makassar with chief complaint of disfiguration of the face. Medical history revealed a significant trauma to the left eye 6 months prior which stayed after evisceration. Patient has never used prosthetic eye afterwards. Examination of the left eye socket revealed a healthy conjunctiva covering the posterior wall of the anophthalmic socket with syn-chronous motions and absence of infection or inflammation signs. Sulcus depth was sufficient enough to retain prosthetic eye. This article presents rehabilitation of the ocular defect with customized acrylic-based ocular prosthe-sis to increase patient’s appearance and to prevent further shrinkage of the eye socket. Preliminary impression was done using customized tray fabricated from modelling wax and hydrocolloid irreversible impression material. An in-traocular custom tray for secondary impression was fabricated with acrylic resin and modified with a syringe that at-tached to the custom tray. Secondary impression of the defect was recorded using polyvinyl siloxane light viscosi-ty material followed by wax pattern fabrication using modelling wax. The wax pattern was tried in patient’s socket and checked for size, comfort, support, fullness, and then packed with tooth colored heat cure acrylic resin. After deter-mining the location and diameter of the iris with an optical vernier pupillary distance ruler, the color of sclera was de-termined by shade guide and confirmed with technician using digital photo. Ocular prosthesis was fabricated after-wards and inserted into the eye socket and evaluated for suitability, aesthetic and also movements with the contra-lateral eye. It is concluded that customized ocular prosthesis was significantly more aesthetic than pre-fabricated one with better contouring, color matching, and coordinated movements with the contralateral eye. This prosthetic ap-proach may restore patient’s appearance, increase their self-esteem, and improve their quality of life.

Comprehensive approach for highly resorbed mandibular ridge with complete denture

A 66-years-old female patient was referred to Dental Hospital of Hasanuddin University with a fractured lower den-ture that impaired patient’s masticatory ability. Clinical examination showed full edentulous in both maxilla and man-dible with flat mandibular ridge, absence of inflammatory signs, flabby tissues, and bone prominences as well. The treatment plan was fabrication of complete denture with semi-adjustable articulator and modification in impression technique in order to produce retentive dentures. Preliminary impression and fabrication of anatomic cast followed by bolder molding and physiological impression. Two-dots method was used to determine the maxillomandibular re-lation and measure vertical dimension. Position of the maxilla was transferred using facebow, which attached to the centric tray followed by mounting the cast on a semi-adjustable articulator with guidance from centric tray. Artificial teeth were arranged in lingualized occlusion scheme on wax-pattern and try-in was done. After processing, remount-ing and selective grinding were performed followed by finishing and polishing, and lastly with insertion of both den-tures. It is concluded that impression technique is one of the primary factors in management of flat mandibular ridge in order to utilize surrounding tissues to have both active and passive retention in dentures.

Scope of Practice of Sonographers Across the United States: A Survey Study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the current scope of practice of sonographers in the United States and ascertain if sonographers’ daily responsibilities align with the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography’s (SDMS) Sonographer’s Scope of Practice and Clinical Standards. Materials and Methods: A survey was disseminated to SDMS members and clinical sonographers with at least 5 years experience. The survey addressed demographics, education, certification, specialties practiced, job title, work environment, and scope of practice. Results: Of the 613 sonographers who responded, 90% were female and 10% male; the most common age group was 55–64 (36.7%). Most sonographers had a Bachelor’s or Associate’s degree. Eighty-three percent of respondents were White, 5.4% Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin, 3% Black or African American, and 3% Asian. While 63% of sonographers have read the SDMS Scope of Practice, 52% reported they perform tasks not included or addressed, in their job description. Many teach sonography in the workplace and provide oral and/or written preliminary impressions and diagnoses. Conclusion: There are regional differences in scope of practice and gender differences in place of employment and job title. Sonographers reported to practice within the SDMS parameters. The guidelines can be expanded to include educating health professionals in sonography and having an increased role in providing diagnoses.

SURROGACY (REGULATION) ACT, 2021: EFFECTIVENESS AND CONCERNS

In a country like India where not having a child is a social taboo, surrogacy brought hopes and happiness for many childless couples. Amid these hopes, there are also ethical concerns whether it was morally correct to use one’s body to reproduce and make a living out of it. Furthermore, as India legalized surrogacy way back in 2002 and made it an important component of medical tourism, the surrogacy market grew multifold. This growth in surrogacy market also posed many challenges. Exploitation of surrogates and abandonment of children started surfacing in a big way. The government of India acknowledged these problems and enacted the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021. Through this Act, the government majorly focused on two aspects. First, it put an end to commercial surrogacy to do away with exploitation of surrogates. Secondly, in order to fulfil the need of childless couples, it allowed altruistic surrogacy where there will be no payments for surrogate except for her medical and insurance expenses. Furthermore, it also restricts the foreigners from availing this facility. How will this new act unfold is a matter of academic enquiry. Preliminary impressions through popular writings are pointing at many loopholes in the act. To begin with, it is suggestive of black marketing. As a result, while the hospitals and middlemen continue to mint money, the surrogates are at the loser’s end. Additionally, altruistic surrogacy is exerting a lot of pressure on weaker women of families’ giving rise to women exploitation. Furthermore, it also deprived many women of their jobs as surrogates. Through this paper, an attempt is made to understand the act of 2021 and the way it solves or give rise to new challenges in safeguarding the rights of surrogates and children and the future of surrogacy in India.

A simplified technique for fabricating complete dentures for patients with Parkinson’s disease: a case report

Background and Objective: Parkinson’s disease is a neurological disorder that affects 1% of individuals aged 60 years and older. The associated symptoms can impose limitations on the available dental treatment options. Case description: This case report follows the CARE guidelines and presents an adapted and simplified technique to fabricate complete dentures for a 74-year-old male edentulous patient with Parkinson’s disease. This modified technique enabled the fabrication of complete dentures in 4 clinical sessions of approximately 40 minutes. The first session involved manufacturing a preliminary impression with fast-setting alginate. The base plates and occlusal rims were then adjusted for artificial teeth arrangement during the second session. The final prosthesis was completed in the third session, which involved a teeth try-in and fabrication of a functional impression with low-melting thermoplastic material and polyether. Finally, denture installation was performed in the fourth session and follow-up consisted of 3 weekly sessions. Discussion: Considering that the treatment provided satisfactory aesthetics and function, mastication and socialization benefits, and improved the self-esteem and well-being of the older patient with Parkinson’s disease, the authors suggest this adapted and simplified technique for fabricating complete dentures. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; complete denture; aged.

Postoperative patient-centered multimedia education in head and neck cancer patients: A pilot study.

It is hypothesized that patients who are actively provided with more treatment-related education may report increased satisfaction and have improved overall outcomes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of an audiovisual education platform in patients undergoing head and neck surgery and to investigate whether patients using this module reported increased satisfaction. This was a prospective pilot study of patients undergoing major head and neck reconstructive surgery who were randomized to either (1) control group or (2) intervention (i.e., in-patient audiovisual educational module). Both study groups then completed a discharge survey. Total 35 patients were recruited into the study (N=16 Intervention; N=19 Control). Patients in the intervention group reported an increased satisfaction with their overall outcome. Exactly 87.5% (14 of 16) found the intervention to be "Extremely useful," "Quite useful," or "Sometimes useful." Exactly 68.8% (11 of 16) would recommend similar patients to receive the same educational intervention. However, there was no significant difference in patients' perceived level of involvement amongst the two groups. For future improvements to the intervention, patients requested further information such as how to look after themselves, postoperative radiation, course in hospital, and nutrition. This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of an audiovisual education platform in the postoperative setting for patients undergoing major head and neck reconstructive surgery. Although most patients found the module useful, future steps will incorporate patient feedback to further improve the educational platform and confirm the current preliminary impressions in prospective studies. 1b.