Women In Third Trimester Of Pregnancy Research Articles

Assessment of Sleeplessness Among Pregnant Women of Third Trimester

The study aim was to assess the sleeplessness among pregnant women of third trimester. Method: A descriptive cross sectional research study design was used to assess the sleeplessness among 131 pregnant women at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. The purposive sampling technique was used. The population that is targeted was pregnant women of third trimester. Results: The study result showed that sleeplessness affect the health of pregnant women of third trimester. Descriptive analysis was done. Frequency and percentage was calculated. Bar charts are formed for quantitative values. The Cronbach Alpha, Bartlett’s and KMO values have been checked to insure the validity and reliability in our context .The values shows positive and significant results and tools were consider as reliable and valid for performing statistical analysis. Conclusion: Current study investigated a high rate of sleeplessness among pregnant women. The sleeplessness is one of the indications of high risk pregnancies and maternal and infant mortality. The majority of the pregnant women which was 95% reported that they are feeling unrested during the day. The majority of pregnant women which was 65% reported that they having trouble during falling asleep

The Effect of Childbirth Education in Reducing Anxiety in Facing Childbirth in the Third Trimester Pregnant Women: Scoping Review

Mothers unable to fight anxiety and fear, especially third-trimester pregnant women, will experience the release of catecholamine hormones in high concentrations and experience increased labour pain, obstructed labour, and discomfort during labour. The purpose is to analyze the effect of childbirth education in Reducing Anxiety in Facing Labor in Third Trimester Pregnant Women by including relevant sources of evidence from each article. The method in this study uses databases, namely Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Wiley, published between 2012-2022. The results showed that of the nine articles reviewed, seven reports came from developing countries, namely Indonesia and Iran. Two words came from developed countries, namely Australia and that the existence of childbirth education would significantly reduce the level of maternal anxiety so that the delivery process could run smoothly and childbirth education will reduce the desire of pregnant women to give birth by SC. While previous research stated that the cause of anxiety in facing childbirth is, experience and stress can be influenced by family support, marital status, history of disease, mother's age and level of education.

Effect of Special Massage on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) Scores among Primigravida Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester in Coping with Childbirth During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The spread of coronavirus during the Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in an increased level of anxiety among pregnant women. Decrease in the level of anxiety in pregnant women can be achieved through non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is special massage. This study aims to analyze the difference in the effect of special massage on the anxiety level between primigravida pregnant women in the third-trimester and pregnant women without special massage in coping with childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a quasi-experimental study with a Non-equivalent Control Group Design approach. The samples in this study were 80 pregnant women in the third-trimester. The sample size was determined using the formula for unpaired categorical analytical study to test the hypothesis between the two proportions. The test results showed a comparison of anxiety scores (pre and post) in the two study groups, with a decrease in the HARS score in the special massage group by 43.7percent. Meanwhile, the decrease in the HARS score in the group without special massage was -9.1percent. The statistical test results with the Mann-Whitney test obtained a p-value less than equals 0.001 (p less than 0.05) which indicated a significant difference. It can be concluded that special massage had a significant effect on a decrease in the HARS Score of primigravida pregnant women in the third-trimester pregnant women in coping with childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Peran Keluarga Dan Kepemilikan Jaminan Kesehatan Dengan Pemilihan Penolong Persalinan Pada Ibu Hamil Di Desa Batuhideung Kecamatan Cimanggu Pandeglang Banten Tahun 2022

Introduction: The selection of birth attendants is one of the reproductive rights of individuals in determining where to give birth and who will assist in childbirth. Many factors influence the selection of birth attendants, including maternal knowledge, family roles, and BPJS card ownership. In the Cimanggu Health Center in 2021 48,7% of mothers were assisted by midwives, while 50,3% of mothers who gave birth were assisted by traditional birth attendants. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, family roles, and health insurance ownership with the selection of birth attendants for pregnant women in Batuhideung Village, Cimanggu District, Pandeglang Banten in 2022. Methods: The research method used was quantitative analysis using a cross-sectional approach using primary data, the number of samples was as much as 52 third-trimester pregnant women, total sampling technique, data analysis using Chi-Square test. Result: The results of the univariate analysis revealed that the selection of birth attendants for pregnant women was mostly by health workers (midwives) 63,5%; with good knowledge of 55,8%; the role of the family supporting 71,2% and the ownership of BPJS Health was 65,4%. Based on the results of the chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0,000); family roles (p = 0,011); and BPJS Health ownership (p = 0,000) with the selection of birth attendants for pregnant women. Discussion: The conclusion of the study there is a significant relationship between knowledge, family roles, and ownership of BPJS Health with the selection of birth attendants for pregnant women. It is hoped that mothers and families can provide mutual support in choosing delivery assistance assisted by health workers, besides having a BPJS card so that mothers and families feel calm during childbirth because they get cost waivers.

Differential immunophenotype of circulating monocytes from pregnant women in response to viral ligands

BackgroundViral infections during pregnancy can have deleterious effects on mothers and their offspring. Monocytes participate in the maternal host defense against invading viruses; however, whether pregnancy alters monocyte responses is still under investigation. Herein, we undertook a comprehensive in vitro study of peripheral monocytes to characterize the differences in phenotype and interferon release driven by viral ligands between pregnant and non-pregnant women.MethodsPeripheral blood was collected from third-trimester pregnant (n = 20) or non-pregnant (n = 20, controls) women. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and exposed to R848 (TLR7/TLR8 agonist), Gardiquimod (TLR7 agonist), Poly(I:C) (HMW) VacciGrade™ (TLR3 agonist), Poly(I:C) (HMW) LyoVec™ (RIG-I/MDA-5 agonist), or ODN2216 (TLR9 agonist) for 24 h. Cells and supernatants were collected for monocyte phenotyping and immunoassays to detect specific interferons, respectively.ResultsThe proportions of classical (CD14hiCD16−), intermediate (CD14hiCD16+), non-classical (CD14loCD16+), and CD14loCD16− monocytes were differentially affected between pregnant and non-pregnant women in response to TLR3 stimulation. The proportions of pregnancy-derived monocytes expressing adhesion molecules (Basigin and PSGL-1) or the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CCR2 were diminished in response to TLR7/TLR8 stimulation, while the proportions of CCR5− monocytes were increased. Such differences were found to be primarily driven by TLR8 signaling, rather than TLR7. Moreover, the proportions of monocytes expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR1 were increased during pregnancy in response to poly(I:C) stimulation through TLR3, but not RIG-I/MDA-5. By contrast, pregnancy-specific changes in the monocyte response to TLR9 stimulation were not observed. Notably, the soluble interferon response to viral stimulation by mononuclear cells was not diminished in pregnancy.ConclusionsOur data provide insight into the differential responsiveness of pregnancy-derived monocytes to ssRNA and dsRNA, mainly driven by TLR8 and membrane-bound TLR3, which may help to explain the increased susceptibility of pregnant women to adverse outcomes resulting from viral infection as observed during recent and historic pandemics.

The Effect of Foot Massage and Warm Footbath with Kencur Aromatic (Kaempferia galanga) on Foot Edema among Pregnant Women

Foot edema or swelling is found in about 80% of pregnant women in the third trimester; it occurs due to uterine pressure which inhibits venous return, and the pull of gravity which causes greater fluid retention. The incidence of edema at the Nagrak Health Center, Cianjur Regency, in May 2021 was 20.9%. Management of foot edema can be done in a non-pharmacological way, one of which is a foot massage and warm footbath with mixed with kencur (Kaempferia galanga) aromatic. The objective was to determine the effect of foot massage and warm footbaths with kencur aromatic on foot edema among pregnant women at the Nagrak Health Center, Cianjur Regency. This research was a quasi-experimental study using one group pretest and posttest design. The sample was 20 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instrument was the SOP and the pitting scale observation sheet. The data normality test using the Shapiro Wilk found that the data were not normally distributed, so the data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The results were average degree of foot edema before the intervention was 3+ and the average after the intervention was 1+. Based on the Wilcoxon test, the result of the 2-tailed sign with p-value=0.000 (p<0.05), then statistically there was a significant reduction of foot edema between before and after foot massage and warm footbath with kencur aromatic performed among third-trimester pregnant women. The conclusion was that there was an effect of foot massage and a warm footbath with kencur aromatic on foot edema among pregnant women at the Nagrak Health Center, Cianjur Regency. The suggestion is expected that pregnant women and health workers can practice foot massage and warm foot baths with kencur aromatic to reduce foot edema.

Integrated antenatal care services with breastfeeding counseling practices to improve pregnant women's knowledge, skills and readiness for exclusive breastfeeding

Background: Stunting is the most common form of child malnutrition in millions of children in Indonesia, around 37% and one of the highest proportions of stunting is found in West Nusa Tenggara. Breastfeeding counseling during antenatal care (ANC) can encourage early breastfeeding. Still, counseling is not generally done even though the stage I and stage IV of normal labor, coverage exceeds the target and only one-fifth of the midwives provide complete and correct ANC services for the ten-step component service. The study aims to evaluate model of integrated antenatal care services with breastfeeding counseling practices to increase pregnant women's knowledge, skills and readiness to breastfeed Methods: Pregnant women from Kuripan Primary health care were selected randomly. This study compared two study groups, namely the intervention and control group of third-trimester pregnant women who were given integrated ANC and breastfeeding counseling compared to conventional ANC. Both groups were assessed for the knowledge, skills, and readiness of exclusive breastfeeding mothers before and after counseling. Chi-square test were used to compare readiness, knowledge, and breastfeeding practice before and after intervention in the study group. Results: The provision of integrated ANC and breastfeeding counseling in this study show a difference between knowledge before and after treatment with a p-value = 0.002 (p<0.05). There was a difference between the practice of breastfeeding before and after the treatment with p-value = 0.003 (p<0.05) and in the integrated antenatal care breastfeeding counseling treatment group it showed that there was a difference in readiness for exclusive breastfeeding before (p = 0.005) (p<0.05) and after being given treatment with p-value = 0.001 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Integrated antenatal care and breastfeeding counseling have shown differences in increased knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding practices and readiness for breastfeeding.

Prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a risk factor for urinary disorders, mainly in the third trimester. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are often underreported by health care professionals and significantly impact the quality of life of pregnant women. Our objective is to analyse lower urinary tract function during the third trimester of pregnancy and assess the impact of traditional risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunctions on bladder health in pregnant women. This is a secondary analysis of a multicentre cross-sectional study. Third-trimester pregnant women aged 18 years or older anonymously filled in the "Italian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire for pregnant and postpartum women" questionnaire, validated for pelvic floor disorders in pregnancy and postpartum. A total of 927 pregnant patients completed the questionnaire. Among them, 97.3% complained of at least one urinary disorder. Frequency was the symptom reported most often (77.3%), whereas nocturnal enuresis was the least reported (17%). Despite the high prevalence of LUTS in our sample, only 13.4% reported that they negatively impact their quality of life. Overweight and obesity, advanced maternal age, smoking, family history of pelvic floor disorders and poor pelvic floor contraction capacity were confirmed to be risk factors for the onset of LUTS, even in our population. Urinary symptoms are extremely common in the third trimester and significantly affect the quality of life of pregnant women. Since overweight, obesity, smoking and reduced pelvic floor contractility emerged as modifiable risk factors for the development of these symptoms, prevention and adequate counselling are cornerstones of pregnancy care.

Effect of adding Metformin to Insulin therapy in the third trimester of pregnant women with uncontrolled type I Diabetes as regard pregnancy outcome

Effect of adding Metformin to Insulin therapy in the third trimester of pregnant women with uncontrolled type I Diabetes as regard pregnancy outcome

The Effect of Breathing Relaxation Techniques and Body Exercises on The Decrease of Pregnant Women’s Discomforts in The Third Trimester

Pregnancy is the most challenging and the happiest phase in every woman’s life in which a mother through physical and psychological changes. These physical changes will lead to discomforts to pregnant women. These discomforts can occur in their third trimester of pregnancy, such as backache, leg cramps, pain in pubic bones, false contraction, insomnia, breathing soreness, and fatigue. Exercise that can be done during pregnancy is practicing breathing techniques and body exercises (Prenatal Yoga). This is because the body stretches the muscles more relaxed, so that blood circulation works properly and the body produces endorphins. This study aimed to find out the effect of breathing relaxation techniques and body exercises on the discomfort decrease in the third trimester of pregnant women. Type of study was Quasi Experiment with Non-Equivalent Control Group approach by examining the pregnant women’s discomforts in the third trimester before (pre-test) and after (post- test) practicing breathing techniques and body exercises (Prenatal Yoga). The population were all the third trimester pregnant women who practiced breathing techniques and body exercises at Kasih Ibu Mother and Child Hospital. The sampling technique used was quota sampling. This study carried out from October to November 2020. The Wilcoxon test results obtained p value = 0.000, then p = 0.000> = 0.05, it can be concluded that there was significant difference between of third trimester pregnant women before and after doing breathing relaxation techniques and exercise body. There is an effect of Prenatal Yoga practice on discomfort in third trimester pregnant women. Key words: Discomforts, Breathing Relaxation Techniques and Body Exercises (Prenatal Yoga)

Effects of Weight Gain During Pregnancy in Normal-Weight Women on Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester.

With the improvement of living standards and the lack of nutrition awareness during pregnancy, the phenomenon of excessive weight gain (EWG) of pregnancy is increasing. EWG during pregnancy has profound effects on the health of mother and offspring. The role of intestinal flora in regulating metabolic diseases has gradually attracted attention in recent years. The study explored the effect of EWG during pregnancy on gut microbiota, and analyzed the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in pregnant women in third trimester. Fecal samples were collected and divided into: insufficient weight gain (IWG)during pregnancy (group A1, N = 4), and appropriate weight gain (AWG) during pregnancy (group A2, N = 9), and EWG during pregnancy (N = 9 in A3 group). MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis were introduced to investigate relationship of gestational weight gain and maternal gut microbiota. General data analysis showed that gestational weight gain and delivery mode have significant differences among the three groups. The overall level and diversity of intestinal microbiota in A1 and A3 group were increased. Composition of gut microbiota has no difference among three groups at the phylum level, but species of gut microbiota were different. Alpha diversity index analysis showed that the richness of A3 group was increased versus A2 group. EWG during pregnancy affects the abundance and proportion of gut microbiota in the third trimester. Therefore, maintaining moderate weight gain during pregnancy helps to maintain intestinal homeostasis.

The Effect of Gym Ball on Reducing Low Back Pain, Labor Pain, and Progress in Primigravida Labor

Introduction: The average third-trimester pregnant woman often experiences lower back pain and it is caused by a shift in the woman's center of gravity and her posture becoming increasingly lordotic due to the growing weight of the uterus, excessive bending, walking without rest, and lifting weights. Pregnancy exercise with a ball or gym ball is an effective way to reduce back pain during the third trimester of pregnancy. In addition to reducing pain during pregnancy and childbirth, the gym ball can also accelerate labor in primigravida and increase the effectiveness of sleep in third-trimester pregnant women. Objective: This literature review was conducted to find references related to the Gym Ball in reducing low back pain, labor pain, and labor progress. Method: This literature review was conducted using the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses). Result: Based on the articles that have been analyzed, it can be determined that using the gym ball can reduce lower back pain in the third trimester, ease labor pain, and accelerate the progress of labor in primigravida mothers. Conclusion: The gym ball can provide relaxation to the muscles so that it can reduce pain in the back, reduce labor pain, accelerate labor, and improve the mother's sleep quality. Referring to that, it is suggested that all health facilities be able to provide gym ball services, which are given to pregnant women since the third trimester as one of the preparatory activities for childbirth.

Factors That Influence Third-Trimester Pregnant Women in Choosing To Give Birth at Health Facilities in The Working Area of Public Health Centre Siak Hulu 2 Siak Hulu 2 District In 2023

The maternal mortality rate is still relatively high, so it needs continuous effort between health service providers and patients to make birth decisions. As per the SDGs program, to reduce the risk of maternal death in childbirth, childbirth must be carried out by trained professional health workers and in health services. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence third-trimester pregnant women in choosing to give birth at health facilities in the working area of Public health Center Siak Hulu 2, Siak Hulu 2 District. The research design was a correlational descriptive study. The research was conducted on the active site of the Public health center Siak Hulu 2. The population in this study was 35 pregnant women. The sample in this study was 35 pregnant women using total sampling. Data analysis was done univariately, bivariate, using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed that there was a relationship between age and the choice of place of delivery in the Siak Hulu 2 Working Area, with a P-Value of 0.03, there was a relationship between parity and the choice of place of delivery with a value P-Value 0.01, and there is a relationship between distance and choice of area of delivery with a P-Value of 0.001. This study concludes that all factors related to the will of the place of delivery in third-trimester pregnant women have a relationship. Suggestions are expected for health workers to be able to provide more information to pregnant women that it is essential to give birth at a health facility.

Role of Copper and Zinc in Full-term Pregnancy and İts Effect on Apgar Score

Objective: Our aim in this study; is to determine zinc, copper and copper/zinc ratios in third-trimester pregnant women with a new laboratory method.
 Methods: In this research conducted on 59 pregnant women in the last trimester, Those diagnosed with preeclampsia, preterm birth, postmaturity, and gestational diabetes were excluded from the study. In pregnant blood serums, zinc and copper levels were studied on fully automatic analyzers with a new method. The new technique kits used in the study are Rel Assay Diagnostics brand. The zinc ion reacted with 5-Br-PAPS and gave an absorbance at a wavelength of 548 nm in direct proportion to the total zinc level. The copper ion reacted with 3,5-DiBr-PAESA and showed absorbance at 572 nm in direct proportion to the total copper level. Zinc and copper measurements were made in this way by the colourimetric method. Additionally, copper/zinc ratios were calculated. In addition, determined the APGAR (Activity-Pulse-Grimace-Appearance-Respiration) score of the babies. Statistical studies of the obtained data were performed at p<0.05 significance level.
 Results: Zinc and copper parameters; No statistically significant relationship was found in the analyzes performed with gestational age, gestational week, birth weight, APGAR score, gravida and the number of living children (p>0.05). In addition, it was observed that there was no difference in zinc and copper/zinc ratios in the evaluations made according to the gender of the baby (p>0.05). On the other hand, copper levels in pregnant women; were found to be significantly higher in female fetuses (200.72±36.36) than in males (164.17±42.47) (p<0.001).
 Conclusion: Although the copper values of pregnant women with female fetuses are significantly higher, these results require more comprehensive studies. On the other hand, there is not relationship between zinc, copper and copper/zinc values and APGAR scores.

Effect of Yoga on Anxiety of Pregnant Women in Bali

Objective: Anxiety is an obscure and pervasive concern, related to feelings of uncertainty and helplessness. Anxiety can be caused by certain circumstances. One condition that can cause anxiety is pregnancy. During pregnancy, mothers will experience changes in physical and psychological. Anxiety in pregnancy will have adversely affected the physical and psychological state of the mother and fetus. Yoga is one of the recommended exercises for reducing anxiety during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of yoga on anxiety levels of third-trimester pregnant women at the Bumi Sehat Foundation Clinic.

The Relationship Between Level Of Anxiety of Third Trimester Pregnant Women And Readiness For Labor In Sawit Jaya Village Long Ikis Paser

Anxiety is communicated interpersonally and is part of everyday life, generating valuable and important warnings for efforts to maintain self-balance and protect oneself. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of anxiety of pregnant women in the third trimester with parturition readiness in sawit Village, Long Ikis district, Paser district in 2021.
 The research design was an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach. The independent variable was the anxiety of pregnant women in the third trimester, the dependent variable is the readiness of parturition. The population was all pregnant women in sawit Village, Long Ikis district, Paser district as many as 30 pregnant women, with a total sampling technique obtained 30 respondents who were held from February to August 2021. The instruments used were questionnaires and observations (observations). Data analysis using Spearman Rank test.
 The results of statistical tests using Spearman Rank found that the value of count = 0.000 table = 0.01, so H0 was rejected. H1 accepted means that there was a relationship between anxiety in third trimester pregnant women and readiness for parturition. Based on the correlation coefficient, the value of C = 0.817 was obtained, the closeness of the relationship level was very strong. The conclusion that the less anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women, the more prepared pregnant women are to face parturition, namely 3 respondents were very ready. It was expected for family members to get information for preparation for parturition to reduce anxiety levels in pregnant women either through the health center, the media, or from the internet.
 Keywords: Anxiety, Readines for parturition

Music Therapy And Effective Communication Reduces Anxiety Levels In Welcoming Childbirth

Labor pain is a physiological condition that can hinder the delivery process. Excessive pain can disturb the body's homeostasis which can result in excessive and useless energy. Reducing the pain scale can be done by fermacological and non-fermacological measures. It's normal for pregnant women and mothers to experience pain. Measuring the pain scale using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and quasi-experiments. Music therapy is a form of implementation that uses music and songs in an integrated and directed manner to guide mothers in pregnancy with the aim that pregnant women feel relaxed, early stimulation of the fetus. Effective intrapersonal communication between a midwife can help a mother overcome depression during pregnancy and childbirth. It can also help patients stay positive throughout the pregnancy and delivery process, making it fun and easy to deal with issues that arise while raising a child. The anxiety level score in the pre-test measurement is higher than the post-test measurement, indicated by the mean value in the pre-test (22.67) higher than the post-test (16.77) which means that there is a decrease in the anxiety level score in the respondents before and after intervention. The results of this study were that there was a significant effect of classical music therapy on reducing the anxiety level of third-trimester pregnant women. This was evident from the statistical test used, the Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test, with a result (p=0.000) less than (<0.05). The researcher's assumption is that music therapy can distract pregnant women so as to reduce maternal anxiety in welcoming labor and effective communication between midwives and pregnant women can motivate pregnant women to be brave in facing labor and reduce anxiety in welcoming labor.

PENGARUH PIJAT KAKI DAN RENDAM AIR HANGAT CAMPUR GARAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN EDEMA KAKI PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS BANGETAYU GENUK KOTA SEMARANG

This study aims to determine the effect of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt on reducing leg edema in third-trimester pregnant women. This type of research is Experimental design with the group Pre-Test and Post-test design approach model. The population in this study were all third-trimester pregnant women who experienced physiological leg edema at the Bangetayu Health Center, Genuk sub-district, Semarang City, totaling 32 people from June to July 2022. The sampling technique used a total sampling of 32 people. The data collection tools in this study were Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for Foot Massage and Warm Water Soak mixed with salt, Observation Sheets, Questionnaires, and Metlin in Millimeter units. The results of the study obtained a Z value of 5.045 which means that every one time intervention of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt, which is given one time a day for five days, third-trimester pregnant women have the potential to be 5.045 times to be able to reduce the degree of edema. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a significance of ≤ 0.05, and it was found that there was an effect of foot massage and soaking in warm water mixed with salt on the reduction of leg edema in third-trimester pregnant women at the Bangetayu Health Center, Genuk District, Semarang City. Keywords: Foot edema, Foot massage, Soak using warm water mixed with salt

PENGARUH BACK MASSAGE DENGAN LAVENDER ESSENTIAL OIL PADA KUALITAS TIDUR IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III

Based on data from the Jepara District Health Office in 2021, the Tahunan area has the highest number of pregnancies, reaching 1204 pregnancies compared to other sub-districts in Jepara Regency, with 43.1% of them experiencing sleep disturbances. This study aims to determine the effect of back massage with lavender essential oil on the sleep quality of third-trimester pregnant women in the working area of the Annual Public Health Center, Jepara Regency. This type of research is a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The population taken in this study were 50 pregnant women in their third trimester in July – August 2022 in the working area of the Annual Health Center in Jepara Regency. The sampling technique was purposive, and a sample of 44 people was obtained. The data collection tool in this study used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an effect of back massage with lavender essential oil on the sleep quality of third-trimester pregnant women in the working area of the Annual Public Health Center, Jepara Regency (p-value <0.05). The average PSQI score before a back massage with lavender essential oil was 8.95 and then decreased to 3.70 after giving a back massage with lavender essential oil. A decrease in PSQI scores indicates an improvement in sleep quality. Based on the Z value obtained, it was 5.811, which means that every one time back massage intervention with lavender essential oil given two times a week in the third trimester of pregnant women has the potential to improve sleep quality 5.811 times. Keywords: Back massage, Lavender essential oil, Sleep quality

Effect of Pregnancy Yoga Exercise on Reducing Anxiety of Pregnant Woman Third Trimester

Background: Severe and prolonged anxiety can cause mental disorders. Physiological changes and preparation for labor in the third trimester of pregnancy can trigger increased anxiety in pregnant women. One of the interventions to reduce anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women is yoga exercise. Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to determine how much influence yoga exercise can reduce anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women.Methods: This research is quantitative research with a pure experimental research design with pre and post-test control group design techniques. the number of respondents was 30 and divided into two groups. 15 respondents in the intervention group and 15 respondents in the control group. Data collection using yoga practice protocol and perinatal anxiety screening scale questionnaire. The instrument was used after passing the validity and reliability test. Bivariate analysis was carried out using the homogeneity test, normality test, and Wilcoxon non-parametric distribution test. Results: By this study, it is known that the yoga exercise intervention reduced the level of anxiety in the intervention group. P-value 0.00 (<0.05) indicates that the yoga exercise intervention affects reducing anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women.Conclusion: Health workers need to make innovative interventions that can improve the mental health of pregnant women, for example, by activating the pregnant women's class program.