Background: Many vaccines were approved by the World Health Organization for emergency use in 2020, but pregnant women were excluded from these trials. When the COVID-19 vaccines were approved for use by pregnant women, they were left in a dilemma about whether to accept the vaccine during pregnancy or not. Objective: To study the factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women attending antenatal tertiary care centers in India. Method: A questionnaire was provided to pregnant women attending the antenatal tertiary care hospitals in Bhubaneswar, India. The questions included socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric parameters, knowledge of COVID-19 vaccines, and the reasons for hesitancy towards them. Results: Vaccine hesitancy was 29.34% among pregnant women. The sources of information regarding the vaccine were the internet, and the causes of vaccine hesitancy were inadequate information and mistrust of the vaccine. Younger women were more inclined to accept the vaccine. Primigravida, the second trimester of pregnancy, belonging to rural areas, and being homemakers were factors associated with hesitancy. Conclusions: Health care professionals need to actively participate in motivating pregnant women to accept the COVID-19 vaccines that should be integrated with the routine vaccination strategy in antenatal clinics.