Danger Signs Of Pregnancy Research Articles

Knowledge and practice of antenatal care among traditional birth attendants in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice of antenatal care, among traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in the Southern Cross River State, Nigeria. The research utilized a descriptive survey design and Yaro Yamane’s formula was used to select the 191 TBAs) from the four local government areas in the study area. Materials and methods: A validated questionnaire constructed by the researchers was used to obtain data. Information obtained from the questionnaire was subjected to descriptive statistics using percentages. The data were analyzed with the aid of the software program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 18. Results: Although the findings from the study showed that the majority of the TBAs had adequate knowledge and they carried out good practices their knowledge and practice can be contested as those without adequate knowledge 18 (19.5%) for health education on nutrition, danger signs of pregnancy, 76 (44.4%) for a number of antenatal visits the pregnant women needs and 36 (21.1%) do not know the importance of tetanus toxoid while 12 (7.0%) have no idea about folic acid tablet; a routine drug given during pregnancy to prevent anemia indicate clearly the risk the women face when they seek care services from such TBAs. The findings also revealed that there is no significant relationship between any of the socio-demographic variables and their knowledge of antenatal care, labor, and postpartum except religious denomination and their settlement (P > 0.05). There was also no significant (P > 0.005) association between practice distribution and sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: This study concludes that although the TBAs were observed to have some good knowledge and practice of antenatal care based on the questions asked, the information provided is not sufficient enough to warrant them to care for the pregnant women alone.

Socioeconomic Difference and Adequate Antenatal Care in Indonesia: Evidence from a Nationwide Household Survey

BACKGROUND: Inadequate antenatal care (ANC) has been identified as a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes in low-income nations. The World Health Organization recommends adequate ANC for a minimum of eight visits. While universal health coverage has been implemented since 2014, Indonesia as fourth largest populous country encounters challenge on socioeconomic disparities. AIM: This study aims to explore the socioeconomic difference of adequate ANC in Indonesia. METHODS: Data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2017 was used for the analysis and includes 15,313 mothers age 15–49 who had a last live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess correlation between socioeconomic status and adequate ANC. RESULTS: About 20.8% of mothers had adequate ANC and the proportion ranging between 11.4% in the poorest group and 34.5% in the richest group. Poorest (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54–0.86) and poorer (AOR 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.97) mothers are less likely to have adequate ANC compared to the richest mothers. In addition, mothers who lived in Java-Bali region, had better knowledge on danger sign of pregnancy, exposed to internet every day, health insurance ownerships, and having ANC at health facilities were more likely to have adequate ANC. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with adequate ANC, where inequality was profound among poor mothers. Therefore, specific intervention to expand universal health coverage for poor mothers is essential to reduce socioeconomic disparities.

The Relating to Knowdwdge Pregnant Women to Danger Signs Pregnancy

Pregnancy that is the first time experienced by a newly pregnant mother or what is called (Primigravida) is a special experience for every pregnant mother, prospective mothers who are newly pregnant do not have experience regarding matters related to pregnancy, especially danger signs during pregnancy, in mothers whose age is 20 year olds experience a higher risk of birth problems and perinatal complications compared to mothers who have given birth.The results of the bivariate study showed that there was no employment relationship (p=0.142), while the related bivariates were age (p=0.047), education (p=0.008), parity (p=0.009) and sources of information (0.014). The results of the multivariate test showed that education (p=0.032) and parity (p=0.033) had the most significant relationship with mother's knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to provide outreach to pregnant women who are in the research environment to be able to understand pregnant women's knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy so that pregnant women care even more about their pregnancy.

Awareness of Pakistani Pregnant Women Regarding Danger Signs of Pregnancy

The early warning signs of pregnancy suggest that a woman may be dealing with a problem that could endanger her and her unborn child's health. If these warning symptoms are not addressed immediately, the consequences could be severe and even fatal. Objective: To assess Pakistani pregnant women's awareness regarding the danger signs of pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi among 114 pregnant women from September to December 2022. Participants were recruited through the purposive sample method. Results: According to the study results, 18% of the participants had a low level of awareness, 62% had a moderate, and 20% had a high level of awareness regarding danger signs of pregnancy. Conclusions: This study concluded that most participants had moderate awareness regarding the danger signs of pregnancy. Moreover, there is a need for continued efforts to educate pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy to improve their understanding.

Knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy and health-seeking action among pregnant women: a health facility-based cross-sectional study.

A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public health facilities from 1 March 2017 to 30 April 2017 on 414 pregnant mothers. The data were collected by systematic random sampling technique, entered into a computer using Epi data 3.5, and analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% and a P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. This study identified that 57.2% of pregnant women had good knowledge of the danger signs of pregnancy. Pregnant women who are found in the age group of 25-29 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.35, 95% CI=1.13-9.96], and ≥30 years (AOR=8.11, 95% CI=2.23-29.45), mothers who live in urban area (AOR=5.26, 95% CI=1.96-14.15), primary education (AOR=4.85, 95% CI=2.07-11.41), secondary and above educational level (AOR=6.90, 95% CI=3.28-14.49), employed mother (AOR=5.18, 95% CI=1.65-16.27), being multigravida (AOR=7.24, 95% CI=3.86-13.58), knows that danger signs of pregnancy may cause severe complications (AOR=9.94, 95% CI=5.23-18.93), knew what to do if they faced danger signs of pregnancy (AOR=3.37, 95% CI=1.14-9.93), knew when did they go to a health facility if they faced danger signs of pregnancy (AOR=3.97, 95% CI=1.67-9.47) and faced at least one danger signs of pregnancy in current pregnancy (AOR = 5.40, 95% CI=1.46-19.99) were significantly associated with knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy. The proportion of mothers who experienced danger signs of pregnancy was 27 (6.5%) and among them, 21 (77.8%) had an appropriate health-seeking action, which is visiting a health facility. In this study area, the knowledge of pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy was low, while the practice of the mothers in response to danger signs of pregnancy was encouraging. Therefore, it is needed to the empowerment of women by increasing access to get an education, especially for rural women.

ANTENATAL CARE HEALTH LITERACY AMONG RURAL AND URBAN PREGNANT WOMEN IN MAHARASHTRA – A COMPARATIVE STUDY.

Introduction : The global target to achieve a reduction in Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) under Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG) is less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. To accomplish this, governments are striving for a long time. However, over a period of time, it is realised that Antenatal care (ANC) literacy is also equally crucial. Hence a comparative study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Maharashtra to assess this important aspect. Aim & objectives: To assess the Antenatal health care literacy among pregnant women in Rural and Urban areas in Maharashtra. For feasibi Methods: lity purposes, a cross-sectional study was conducted at Antenatal Care Out Patient Department located at a medical college and Rural Health Training Centre attached to it. Data was collected randomly among 100 pregnant women attending the same in both settings. The data was entered and analysed in Microsoft Excel 365, and the results were presented appropriately. All the necessary permissions were sought. The study found that 80(80%) of rural Results: participants acknowledged the need for at least four visits during pregnancy compared to 53(53%) in urban areas. Only 28(28%) of women in urban areas and 22% in rural areas were aware of the danger signs of pregnancy. ANC health literacy about early registration for pregnancy care, number of ANC visits required and haemoglobin status were signicantly higher in rural when compared to urban pregnant women ( p-value < 0.0001). Only 2 (2%) from urban and 6 (6%) from rural had information about Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram while 4 (4%) & 5 (5%) from urban and rural areas were knowing about Janani Suraksha Yojana respectively. There Conclusion: is a scope to improve ANC literacy with the help of innovative strategies

Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Tanda Bahaya Kehamilan Dengan Memberdayakan Masyarakat Dalam Mendeteksi Secara Dini di Kelurahan Ladang Bambu Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan

Maternal mortality can occur during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum. Maternal deaths in Indonesia are caused by 3 late and 4 too. One of the late factors is the delay at the family level in recognizing danger signs in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. Early detection of risk factors is necessary to reduce maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. This is where the role of health workers in early detection of danger signs. This study aims to improve the ability of health cadres in early detection and referral of high-risk pregnancy, labor and postpartum cases. The research method used analytic research. Early detection of pregnancy danger signs by families and recognizing risk factors and complications, as well as appropriate treatment by health workers is the best way to reduce MMR and IMR. The targets of this activity were health cadres and pregnant women, 35 respondents were obtained in Kelurahan Baru Ladang Bambu, Medan Tuntungan Subdistrict. The interventions carried out in this activity were counseling, discussion, and simulation. The measuring instrument used pretest and posttest questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test analysis. The results of the activity are an increase in the knowledge of cadres and pregnant women about the detection of danger signs of pregnancy, antenatal services provided can obtain data on the condition of their pregnancy and become information for pregnant women until now is still high.

Husband participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness and its predictors among men whose wife was admitted for an obstetric referral at South Gondar zone: A multicenter cross-sectional study

BackgroundHusbands' participation in maternal health care, as seen by an appropriate birth plan and readiness for complications, reduces maternal death by avoiding delays in recognizing danger signs, reaching a site of care, and seeking aid. As a result, this study aimed to determine the husband's participation in birth preparation and complication readiness, as well as its predictors, among men whose wives were referred to obstetric referral in the South Gondar Zone of North West Ethiopia. MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among husbands whose wives were admitted with obstetric referrals in the selected hospitals from February to March 2021. A total of 393 individuals were chosen proportionally from the selected hospitals using a systematic random sampling technique. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data, which was then entered into Epi Data Version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 14 for analysis. To find predictors of the outcome variable, a binary logistic regression model was used. The final model's results were expressed as adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and P-values. ResultThe magnitude of husband participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness among obstetric referrals was 282 (71.8%). Planned pregnancy [AOR, 95% CI: 2.78 (1.68–4.62)], discussion with their wife [AOR, 95% CI: 2.85 (1.72–4.71)], and good knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum [AOR, 95%CI:2.71 (1.67–4.42)] were significantly associated with husband participation as compared to its counterparts. Conclusion and RecommendationThe husband's participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness for obstetric referrals in the South Gondar zone were reasonably good. For good husband participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness, knowledge of danger signs, pregnancy planning status, and discussion with wife about pregnancy were responsible. Healthcare providers should support mothers in discussing the danger signs of pregnancy, birth preparedness, and complication readiness with their husbands during ANC visits.

Causes of death, three delays, and factors associated with Delay 1 among maternal deaths in Myanmar: The maternal death surveillance in 2019

ObjectiveThe maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Myanmar was the highest in Southeast Asia in 2017. The Three Delay Model is used to evaluate delays that contribute to maternal deaths. This study aims to identify MMR, causes of death, the three delays related to maternal deaths, and the factors associated with Delay 1, which is the time of delay in deciding to seek health care (from the start of the woman's illness to the time when the problem is recognized to be requiring care), in Myanmar. Study designA cross-sectional study. ParticipantThis study included 934 cases of maternal deaths reported from all states and regions throughout Myanmar in 2019 that were not caused by accidents and injuries. Materials and methodsSocio-demographic factors, obstetrical factors, information about deaths, and assessment of delays were obtained from the Maternal Death Surveillance and Response System, the database of maternal deaths. Distribution of maternal deaths by states and regions, causes of maternal death, and types of delay that contributed to maternal deaths were descriptively summarized. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with Delay 1 among 567 maternal deaths without any missing data and unknown information on delays. FindingsIn 2019, the MMR was 106 (95% confidence interval, 99–112) per 100,000 live births. Of the 934 maternal deaths, 80.5% of deaths had at least one delay, and Delay 1 was the major delay (72.9%). Eclampsia/pre-eclampsia (21.6%), postpartum hemorrhage (18.2%), and abortion-related complications (13.2%) were the major causes of maternal death. The husband's low education, low household income, unplanned pregnancy, and no antenatal care were associated with Delay 1. Key conclusions and implication for practiceThe MMR was lower in 2019 than that in 2017 but remained high. Moreover, we demonstrate that most maternal deaths had at least one delay, mostly Delay 1. To prevent maternal deaths caused by Delay 1, the family planning should be promoted to prevent unplanned pregnancies. Educational training for healthcare providers who deliver antenatal care should be strengthened. Furthermore, education on the danger signs of pregnancy and during childbirth should be provided not only to pregnant women and their husbands in communities at health facilities.

Timely Initiation of Antenatal Care and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hossana, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Timely detection and treatment of pregnancy-related or preexisting diseases, health education, and the promotion of adequate care provision improve the health of mothers and unborn children. As such, these factors are crucial within the first pregnancy trimester. However, very few women in low and middle-income countries initiate their first ANC in the recommended trimester of pregnancy. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of timely initiation of ANC and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial comprehensive specialized hospital, Hossana, Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 4, 2022 to May 19, 2022. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected from pregnant women using a pretested structured interview questionnaire. EpiData version 3.1 was used to enter the data, and SPSS version 24 was used to analyze it. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the associated factors at a 95% confidence interval with a p value < 0.05. This study indicated that 118 (34.3%) of the women initiated ANC timely. The factors associated with timely initiation of ANC included women aged 25-34 years (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI: (0.1, 0.7)), tertiary maternal education (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: (1.0, 9.9)), zero parity (AOR = 7.7; 95% CI: (3.6, 15.3)), planned pregnancy (AOR = 13.7; 95% CI: (5.5, 34.3)), good knowledge about ANC services (AOR = 3.1; 95% (CI: (2.3, 11.3)), and good knowledge about danger signs in pregnancy (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: (2.2, 8.1)). This study demonstrates the importance of making a significant effort to increase the coverage of timely ANC initiation in the study area. Therefore, increasing the awareness level of mothers regarding ANC services given during pregnancy and danger signs in pregnancy and advancing the academic level of mothers are essential to increase the coverage of timely initiation of ANC.

Knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy and their associated factors among pregnant women in Hosanna Town, Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia.

Danger signs in pregnancy can warn of maternal health problems. In developing African countries, including Ethiopia, the rate of maternal mortality is high. There is little knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy and their associated factors at the community level in the study area. A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge about danger signs among pregnant women in Hosanna Zuria Kebeles between 30 June and 30 July 2021. A simple random sampling method was used to select eligible pregnant women. The sample size was proportionally allocated based on the number of pregnant women in each kebele. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews using a pretested questionnaire. The descriptive results were presented as proportions, whereas the analytic results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR). The prevalence of good knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy was 259/410 (63.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 58.3-67.8). The most common known danger signs during pregnancy were severe vaginal bleeding (n = 227, 55.4%), followed by blurred vision (n = 224, 54.6%). In the multivariable analysis, the age of the respondent (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI 1.15-9.38), the tertiary education of the mother (AOR = 5.40, 95% CI 2.56-11.34), and the number of live births (AOR = 3.95, 95% CI 2.08-7.48) were statistically significant factors. There was an adequate prevalence of knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy among pregnant mothers compared with different studies in Ethiopia and different countries. Advanced maternal age, the respondent's level of education, and the number of live births were found to be independent determining factors for the level of knowledge on danger signs in pregnancy among pregnant mothers. Health facilities and healthcare providers should focus on antenatal care and the age and parity of the mother when giving information about danger signs in pregnancy. The Ministry of Health should provide reproductive health services in rural areas and encourage education for women. Further studies need to be conducted and include danger signs in the three trimesters using a qualitative study design.

Chatbot for Diagnosis of Pregnancy Disorders using Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML)

Artificial Intelligence has evolved in sophistication and widespread use. This study aims to create a chatbot application in the health sector regarding the early diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. Based on basic health research, only 44 percent of pregnant women know the danger signs of pregnancy. The chatbot application developed is expected to facilitate and increase knowledge for pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy, especially early diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. The chatbot application was developed with artificial intelligence technology based on Artificial Intelligence Markup Language with the question-answer concept using the Pandorabots framework. The test is carried out in two stages: functional and pattern matching. The functional testing uses the black-box testing method, and the pattern-matching test on the chatbot uses the sentence similarity and bigram methods based on user input and keywords similarity in the bot's knowledge base. The functional testing results show that the chatbot application runs well, with the eligibility criteria reaching 81.4% and the results of the keyword similarity test (pattern matching) are zero to one, in the sense that the value of one has the same similarity between user input and pattern. Meanwhile, the zero value has no similarities, so the bot will respond to it as free input. So it can be concluded that the bot can respond to user questions when the pattern and input have the same level of similarity.

Hubungan Usia, Paritas, dan Obesitas dengan Kejadian Preeklamsia di RSUD Kayuagung Tahun 2021

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 around 810 women died and at the end of the year reached 295,000 people, of which 94% occurred in developing countries. The high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) are caused by complications in pregnancy and childbirth. Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of death in mothers besides bleeding and infection. Preeclampsia is hypertension that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation accompanied by proteinuria. This study aims to find out the relationship between age, parity, and obesity with the incidence of preeclampsia at the Kayuagung Regional General Hospital in 2021. The method in this study used an analytical survey using a cross-sectional approach with a population of 1624 pregnant women and a sample of 94 pregnant women using the total technique. sampling. Data analysis used the chi square statistical test with p value ≤ α value (0.05). The results of this study were of 59 respondents who were at high risk, 31(52.5%) of respondents had preeclampsia p value = 0.031, of 56 respondents with high risk parity 40 (71.4%) of respondents had preeclampsia p value = 0.032, meanwhile, from 60 respondents with obesity 24 (40%) respondents had preeclampsia p value = 0.000. It is hoped that midwives can increase the provision of education to pregnant women regarding danger signs in pregnancy and healthy lifestyles during pregnancy so that the incidence of preeclampsia can be reduced and maternal mortality rates can be reduced.

THE EFFECTS OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON MALE PARTNER INVOLVEMENT IN ANTENATAL CARE AMONG HOUSEHOLDS: A CASE OF KAPTIMBOR VILLAGE BARINGO CENTRAL SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

Background: Male partner involvement in ANC is essential for the mother's health and the growth of the fetus because it connects the mother and her child to the healthcare system, potentially increasing the likelihood that antenatal care services will be optimized. This study aimed to determine the effects of socio-demographics on male partner involvement in Antenatal Care. Methods: A descriptive survey research design was used. The study population included male partners in Kaptimbor Village Baringo Central Sub-County, Kabarnet ward. A sample of 167 respondents was recruited for the study. A stratified random sampling approach was used to select the study participants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, analyzed using SPSS computer package version 26 and thereafter presented using descriptive methods. Findings: The majority of the respondents (69.0%) were aged between 28 and 49 years, 63.2% had secondary or higher-level education, 39.4%, were self-employed, (58.7%) lived a distance of more than one kilometer from the nearest health facility and (54.8%) were of Tugen and Pokot ethnic backgrounds. The majority of the respondents indicated that traditionally, ANC has only been a place for women and that men had certain roles to play during pregnancy. Younger men were more supportive, older men were opposed to the idea of men engaging in ANC. Men with low-income levels chose to stay at home rather than accompany their partners to prenatal clinics. A significant percentage of men correctly identified convulsions, loss of consciousness, fast/difficult breathing and severe headache with blurred vision as danger signs in pregnancy. Conclusions: Different aspects of ANC indicated varying degrees of involvement. In spite of the fact that the vast majority of men indicated a high level of involvement in ANC services, there were gaps in their understanding, perceptions, and involvement.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0023/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Determinants of maternal healthcare utilisation among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: a multi-level analysis

BackgroundDespite efforts to make maternal health care services available in rural Ethiopia, utilisation status remains low. Therefore, this study aimed to assess maternal health care services’ status and determinants in rural Ethiopia.MethodsThe study used quasi-experimental pre- and post-comparison baseline data. A pretested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A multilevel, mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify individual and communal level factors associated with utilisation of antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance (SBA), and postnatal care (PNC). The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with a p-value of less than 0.05, indicating statistical significance.ResultsSeven hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women participated, with a response rate of 99.3%. Four hundred and sixty-one (63.4%) of the women visited ANC services, while 46.5% (CI: 42–50%) of births were attended by SBA, and 33.4% (CI: 30–36%) had received PNC. Women who reported that their pregnancy was planned (aOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.8–8.3) and were aware of pregnancy danger signs (aOR = 6.8; 95% CI: 3.8–12) had a higher likelihood of attending ANC services. Among the cluster-level factors, women who lived in lowlands (aOR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.1–14) and had easy access to transportation (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1–3.7) had higher odds of visiting ANC services. Moreover, women who were employed (aOR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.3–7.3) and attended ANC (aOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.8–5.9) were more likely to have SBA at delivery. The likelihood of being attended by SBA during delivery was positively correlated with shorter travel distances (aOR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4–5.8) and ease of access to transportation (aOR = 10; 95% CI: 3.6–29) to the closest healthcare facilities. Being a midland resident (aOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 1.7–13) and having SBA during delivery (aOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.2–3.50) increased the likelihood of attending PNC service.ConclusionsOverall, maternal health service utilisation is low in the study area compared with the recommended standards. Women’s educational status, awareness of danger signs, and pregnancy planning from individual-level factors and being a lowland resident, short travel distance to health facilities from the cluster-level factors play a crucial role in utilising maternal health care services. Working on women’s empowerment, promotion of contraceptive methods to avoid unintended pregnancy, and improving access to health care services, particularly in highland areas, are recommended to improve maternal health service utilisation.

Timing and Quality of Antenatal Care Among Adolescent Mothers in a Rural Community, Uganda.

Most adolescent mothers attend their first antenatal care (ANC) visit later than the recommended time while others do not receive good quality antenatal care (all the required components of ANC such as iron tablets). This study sought to examine the factors associated with timing of the first ANC visit and quality of ANC among adolescent mothers in Uganda. This study was based on quantitative data from 248 adolescent mothers aged 10-19 years in Luuka district, Eastern Uganda. We selected adolescent mothers who were either pregnant or had infants aged 0-3 months. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with timing and receipt of good quality ANC. The majority of the adolescents (82%) attended ANC for their most recent pregnancy. Of these, 47% made the first visit in the first trimester while 36% received good quality ANC. Having knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy was a determinant of both timing of first ANC visit (aOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.04-8.06) and receipt of good quality ANC (aOR = 6.57, 95% CI: 1.75-24.65). Other determinants for timing of first ANC visit were mother's age, partner's age, having ever given birth, decision maker on health care and daily earnings. Other determinants for quality of ANC included distance to health facility and knowledge of family planning methods. This study recommends expanding the network of public health facilities further into the rural communities in the district as a means of bringing health services closer to adolescent mothers, deliberate efforts to equip adolescent girls with reproductive health information on pregnancy danger signs, and family planning and empowering adolescent girls to start income-generating activities.

The effect of health education on knowledge of pregnant women about the danger signs of third-trimester pregnancy at IMP Nursyamsiah, SST in 2022

One of the things that influence knowledge is education. With the educational process, it is hoped that there will be changes in knowledge, attitudes, and skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education on the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the danger signs of third-trimester pregnancy at the Nursyamsiah, S.ST Independent Midwifery Practice (IMP). This research was conducted because many pregnant women still do not know about the danger signs of third-trimester pregnancy, namely as much as 51%. The design used in this research was quantitative with a pre-experimental design, using one group pretest-posttest design approach without a control group. The technique used was an accidental sampling technique. It utilized 28 third-trimester pregnant women as the sample. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate using the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study were an increase in knowledge about the danger signs of pregnancy in the third trimester from the poor category by 13 respondents (47%). After being given health education, there was an increase where almost all knowledge of third-trimester pregnant women was in a good category by 22 respondents (79%) and sufficient knowledge of as many as 6 respondents (21%). The results of bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value = 0.000 where the p-value was less than 0.05 so that it can be concluded that statistically, health education about the dangerous signs of pregnancy affects increasing the knowledge of third-trimester pregnant women at IMPNursyamsiah., SST. This study’s findings indicate an improvement in third-trimester pregnancy danger signs knowledge from before to after receiving health education. Pregnant women are advised to attend classes specifically for them, and healthcare providers should take a more active role in spreading awareness of health issues. Abstrak: Salah satu yang berpengaruh pada pengetahuan adalah pendidikan. Adanya proses pendidikan diharapkan akan terjadi perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan trimester III di Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB) Nursyamsiah SST. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masih banyak ibu hamil yang belum mengetahui tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan trimester III yaitu sebanyak 51%. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain Pra Eksperimental, menggunakan pendekatan one group pre test - post test design tanpa kelompok kontrol. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 28 orang ibu hamil trimester III, menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu univariat dan bivariat yang menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian ini adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang tandabahaya kehamilan trimester III dari kategori kurang sebanyak 13 responden (47%), dan setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan terjadi peningkatan dimana hamper seluruh pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester III kategori baik sebanyak 22 responden (79%) dan pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 6 responden (21%). Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Wilcoxon didapat nilai p value = 0,000 dimana nilai p value kurang dari 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara statistic pendidikan kesehatan tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester III di PMB Nursyamsiah.,SST. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ada peningkatan pengetahuan tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan trimester III dari sebelum ke sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan. Saran untuk ibu hamil diharapkan agar selalu mengikuti kelas ibu.

Is Women's Engagement in Women's Development Groups Associated with Enhanced Utilization of Maternal and Neonatal Health Services? A Cross-Sectional Study in Ethiopia.

In Ethiopia, the Women Development Group program is a community mobilization initiative aimed at enhancing Universal Health Coverage through supporting the primary healthcare services for mothers and newborns. This study aimed to assess the association between engagement in women's groups and the utilization of maternal and neonatal health services. A cluster-sampled community-based survey was conducted in Oromia, Amhara, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples, and Tigray regions of Ethiopia from mid-December 2018 to mid-February 2019. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed, considering the cluster character of the sample. A total of 6296 women (13 to 49 years) from 181 clusters were interviewed. Of these, 896 women delivered in the 12 months prior to the survey. Only 79 (9%) of these women including Women Development Group leaders reported contact with Women Development Groups in the last 12 months preceding the survey. Women who had educations and greater economic status had more frequent contact with Women Development Group leaders. Women who had contact with Women Development Groups had better knowledge on pregnancy danger signs. Being a Women Development Group leader or having contact with Women Development Groups in the last 12 months were associated with antenatal care utilization (AOR 2.82, 95% CI (1.23, 6.45)) but not with the use of facility delivery and utilization of postnatal care services. There is a need to improve the organization and management of the Women Development Group program as well as a need to strengthen the Women Development Group leaders' engagement in group activities to promote the utilization of maternal and neonatal health services.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme regarding Knowledge on Danger Signs of Pregnancy among Primigravida Women Attending Antenatal OPD of Era Hospital

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme regarding Knowledge on Danger Signs of Pregnancy among Primigravida Women Attending Antenatal OPD of Era Hospital

Late antenatal care booking and associated factors among pregnant women in Mizan-Aman town, South West Ethiopia, 2021.

Antenatal care (ANC) is one of the most important ways to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. According to data from poor countries, the majority of pregnant women attend ANC when they are in their later stages of pregnancy. In this regard, limited information is currently known about the factors that determine ANC scheduling and the type of care for pregnant women in the town of Mizan-Aman in southwestern Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine late antenatal care booking and associated factors among pregnant women in the Town. The institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Mizan-Aman town using a systematic random sampling method through structured questions from February 15 to March 25, 2021. The collected data was entered into EPI info-7 which later on, was exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors and p-value <0.05 was considered for statistical significance. A total of 425 female pregnant women participated, making a 100% response rate. The prevalence of delayed first ANC bookings in this study was 70.0% [95.0%, CI = 65.65-74.35]. Multivariate analysis revealed that unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.85], inappropriate perception of ANC starting time [AOR = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.9, 8.83], pregnant women who were unaware of pregnancy-related danger signs [AOR = 6.76, 95% CI: 2.83, 16.1], and pregnant women who were unaware of service delivery during working hours in the institution [AOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.98]. The current study showed a greater prevalence of delayed ANC beginnings, and the factors for this were having an unplanned pregnancy, lack of awareness about pregnancy danger signs, inappropriate perception of ANC starting time, and pregnant women who were unaware of service delivery during working hours at the institution. Responsible bodies working in maternal and child health care better create awareness of the benefits of early ANC booking and appropriate ANC starting times. Further, each health institution's MCH clinic should deliver the service through working hours.