Diverse Preferences Research Articles

Influence of Motivation Climate on Service-Learning Benefits among Physical Education Students

<p style="text-align: justify;">Service-learning (SL) emphasizes the fusion and integration of community service and academic learning, while Physical Education (PE) is oriented towards community health and well-being, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals. The study's primary objective is to discern the benefits perceived by PE students when engaged in SL courses and to test the correlation between benefits and the motivational climate they experience. Additionally, the research explores potential gender-specific variations in students' attitudes. The research was conducted with a survey on a sample of 58 students responding to a Motivational Climate in Physical Education Scale (MPCES) and the SErvice LEarning Benefit Scale (SELEB), which assesses the motivation of students and their perceptions of SL benefits. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between the core constructs - SL benefits and student motivation, and t-tests to evaluate gender differences in SL benefits. Key findings underscore that students primarily perceived the greatest advantages from SL in the domain of knowledge application, with comparatively lower scores in general life skills. Notably, female students, on the whole, exhibited higher ratings in both SL benefits and student motivation compared to their male counterparts. Nonetheless, specific exceptions emerged in certain sub-scales, including social relatedness and ego climate within the MPCES scale, as well as critical thinking within the SELEB scale. According to the results, it is suggested that cultivating a student-centered learning environment can augment engagement and motivation in the realm of physical education (PE). Furthermore, the delineated gender differences offer valuable insights for educators, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to accommodate the diverse preferences and requirements of male and female students.</p>

Modifications to consent documentation with adults with communication disorders following brain injury: An exploratory study.

Consent documentation for research studies is often inaccessible to people with neurogenic communication disorders following brain injury and there is limited literature on specific modifications for informed consent. This exploratory study aimed to identify effective strategies and modifications to consent processes for adults with brain injury. Using a fictitious research study, we developed a set of Participant Information Sheets (PISs) varying in complexity, presentation format, and communication modality. Evaluations were conducted with eight participants. Findings indicated diverse participant preferences for PIS modifications, suggesting simplified vocabulary, reduced text, carefully selected images, and an interactive presentation modality as helpful strategies. Building on previous literature, we present refined guidelines for consent modifications for adults with neurogenic communication disorder after brain injury. These guidelines can promote more appropriate inclusion of communicatively impaired populations in research and assist ethics committees and researchers in preparing modified consent documents.

Competency-Based HR Management Strategy in the Digital Era: Systematic Literature Review

This research conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) to explore competency-based human resource management (HRM) strategies in the digital era. The analysis reveals that developing digital competencies ranks high on the agenda for many organizations. Continuous investment in training and development programs to enhance employees' digital skills is deemed crucial. Moreover, fostering a work environment conducive to creativity and flexibility is emphasized, where employees are empowered to innovate and swiftly adapt to technological advancements. The study also identifies generational disparities in the workplace as a determinant influencing training and development methodologies. Millennials, for instance, exhibit greater receptivity to technology- driven and interactive learning modalities, necessitating adaptable trainin g strategies that cater to diverse learning preferences. Integrating technology into HR management systems emerges as a pivotal step. Advanced HR management information systems facilitate efficient handling of employee data, streamline competency tracking, and pinpoint training requisites with greater precision. Technologies such as big data and analytics additionally furnish profound insights into employee performance and areas ripe for enhancement. In conclusion, this study underscores that competency-based HRM strategies in the digital era must be agile, innovative, and technology-enabled. Organizations proficient in deploying these strategies are better positioned to confront challenges and harness opportunities arising from digital transformation. The findings offer crucial insights for HR management practitioners to craft and implement effective HR development strategies tailored for the digital age, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) like SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure).

The future of events in the tourism industry: the case of the “Best of the Best Things to Do 2023” on TripAdvisor

PurposeThis study aims to use TripAdvisor data to identify which themes and events will attract more interest in the future of tourism activities and to provide guidance to the industry accordingly.Design/methodology/approachThis study used qualitative case study approach. To identify key themes in the top-rated activities, thematic analysis of user-generated content was conducted through MAXQDA 2020 Analytics Pro software.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate a growing trend in tourist preferences, with a notable increase in the popularity of wellness activities such as spa treatments and yoga retreats. Tourists also highly prefer cultural experiences like local festivals and historical tours, adventure activities such as hiking and water sports, and food-related activities like cooking classes and wine tastings. There is a significant trend towards sustainable and environmentally friendly tourism activities. These results underscore the need to cater to diverse tourist interests in developing future tourism offerings.Practical implicationsDeveloping innovative events, using data-driven marketing strategies, involving local communities, and catering to diverse preferences can enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of the tourism sector.Social implicationsUnderstanding tourists' tendencies towards cultural, adventurous and sustainable experiences helps tourism operators and managers to create offers that satisfy tourists while promoting environmentally friendly practices. This shift promotes cultural preservation, environmental protection and community involvement.Originality/valueThis study uniquely analyzes top-rated TripAdvisor activities to identify key trends in tourist preferences, highlighting the growing demand for cultural, adventurous, gastronomic, and sustainable tourism.

Sirtuin insights: bridging the gap between cellular processes and therapeutic applications.

The greatest challenges that organisms face today are effective responses or detection of life-threatening environmental changes due to an obvious semblance of stress and metabolic fluctuations. These are associated with different pathological conditions among which cancer is most important. Sirtuins (SIRTs; NAD+-dependent enzymes) are versatile enzymes with diverse substrate preferences, cellular locations, crucial for cellular processes and pathological conditions. This article describes in detail the distinct roles of SIRT isoforms, unveiling their potential as either cancer promoters or suppressors and also explores how both natural and synthetic compounds influence the SIRT function, indicating promise for therapeutic applications. We also discussed the inhibitors/activators tailored to specific SIRTs, holding potential for diseases lacking effective treatments. It may uncover the lesser-studied SIRT isoforms (e.g., SIRT6, SIRT7) and their unique functions. This article also offers a comprehensive overview of SIRTs, linking them to a spectrum of diseases and highlighting their potential for targeted therapies, combination approaches, disease management, and personalized medicine. We aim to contribute to a transformative era in healthcare and innovative treatments by unraveling the intricate functions of SIRTs.

Vocabulary Learning Strategies in Learning New Words for EFL Learners Based on Gender Differences

This study investigates vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) among male and female EFL learners at Muhammadiyah University Jember. Using questionnaires and interviews, the research explores gender differences in discovering and consolidating new vocabulary. The findings reveal that both genders primarily use dictionaries for discovery, with males preferring visual aids and females relying on social interactions. For consolidation, males favor spaced repetition and word lists, while females use mnemonics and narrative techniques. These insights highlight the need for differentiated instruction to accommodate diverse learning preferences.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Trichomerium koreanum sp. nov. and Exophiala radicis Belonging to Chaetothyriales Fungi in Korea

The order Chaetothyriales encompasses black yeasts and related fungi known for their diverse morphologies, asexual reproduction, and habitat preferences. In this study, we isolated two fungal strains belonging to Chaetothyriales, designated KNUF-23-13A and KNUF-22-020, from a longhorn beetle (Cyrtoclytus capra) and soil sample, respectively, in Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA, β-tubulin (TUB2), and actin (ACT) genes revealed that the strains were grouped with strains of Trichomerium and Exophiala, respectively. For strain KNUF-23-13A, cultural and morphological differences were observed in the shape and size of mycelium between it and its phylogenetically closest species, Trichomerium lapideum CGMCC 3.17311T, supporting the novelty of this isolated species. In the case of strain KNUF-22-020, the cultural and morphological characteristics were similar to those previously reported for E. radicis P2854T. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, we revealed KNUF-23-13A as a novel species, which we describe and name T. koreanum sp. nov., and KNUF-22-020 as Exophiala radicis, a previously unreported species in Korea.

EXPLORING MULTIMODAL TEACHING STRATEGIES AND CULTURAL INTEGRATION LEADING THE WAY TO ENHANCE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS

Multimodal teaching strategies use a variety of approaches and instruments to give education while accommodating diverse learning styles and preferences. This method combines visual, aural, kinesthetic, and textual elements to improve comprehension and retention. Examples include video, interactive exercises, hands-on experiments, and written resources. This research used the mixed method research design to explore holistically the effect of using multimodal teaching strategies and integration of culture in teaching English Language Arts. The results show a considerable improvement in pupils' academic performance from pretest to posttest. The mean score rose from 18.47 (SD = 1.98) in the pretest to 24.83 (SD = 2.93) in the posttest. The t-value of 16.79 and mean difference of 6.36 indicate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). This significant rise indicates that the interventions used between the pretest and posttest had a beneficial effect. These results highlight the efficacy of multimodal teaching methodologies and cultural integration in improving comprehension, engagement, and overall academic achievement. As a result, using a variety of teaching approaches and culturally relevant materials is critical for fulfilling students' unique needs and achieving higher educational outcomes (Philippe et al., 2020; Magwenya et al., 2022; Harris & Nguyen, 2022; Escalaw, 2022). KEYWORDS: Multimodal Teaching Strategies, Culture Integration, Mixed-Method, Pegagogical Innovation

Ambulance professionals' experiences of teamwork in the context of a team training programme – a qualitative study

BackgroundTeamwork in the context of ambulance services exhibits unique characteristics, as this environment involves a small core team that must adapt to a dynamic team structure that involves health care professionals and emergency services. It is essential to acquire a deeper understanding of how ambulance teams operate. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of ambulance professionals with teamwork and how they were influenced by the implementation of a team training programme.MethodsA qualitative descriptive study was conducted involving ambulance professionals who took part in focus group interviews carried out both before and after the implementation of a team training program across seven ambulance stations within a Norwegian hospital trust. The data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis based on a deductive-inductive approach.ResultsOur analysis revealed 15 subthemes that characterised ambulance professionals’ experiences with teamwork and a team training programme, which were organised according to the five main themes of team structure, communication, leadership, situation monitoring, and mutual support. Ambulance professionals’ experiences ranged from the significance of team composition and interpersonal and professional relationships to their preferences regarding different communication styles and the necessity of team leaders within the ambulance service. The team training programme raised awareness of teamwork, while the adoption of teamwork tools was influenced by both individual and contextual factors. The Introduction/Identity, Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation (ISBAR) communication tool was identified as the most beneficial aspect of the programme due to its ease of use, which led to improvements in the structure and quality of consultations and information handover.ConclusionsThis study documented the diverse characteristics and preferences associated with teamwork among ambulance professionals, emphasising the particular importance of proficient partnerships in this context. Participation in a team training programme was perceived as a valuable reminder of the significance of teamwork, thus providing a foundation for the enhancement of communication skills.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov—ID: NCT05244928.

Illiberal Concept of EU Reform: Polish Conservative Ideologists in the Debate on Differentiated Integration

Differentiated integration is the outcome of intergovernmental negotiations resulting from states’ diverse preferences on the European Union’s systemic model. The heterogeneity of states’ preferences is rooted in many factors of differentiation, where economy and ideology play the leading roles. Their specific interconnection contributed to the creation of the Polish conservative vision of European integration proposed by ideologists close to the Law and Justice party. Three main postulates emerged from their opinions: re-constitution, intergovernmental democracy, and de-hierarchization. This article aims to place this EU vision in the context of the debate on differentiated integration. The thesis is the view that Polish ideologists transformed the political ‘vision’ into a hybrid ‘concept’ of differentiation combining temporal, institutionally based, policy-based, and territorial divergencies.

Client experiences with "Dynamic Choice Prevention," a model for flexible patient-centred HIV prevention delivery in rural Eastern Africa.

Identifying the optimal approaches to offering HIV prevention to meet the needs of those at risk is a high priority, particularly given the expanding toolkit of biomedical HIV prevention options. An ongoing study in rural East African communities evaluated the uptake of choices in product, testing mode and location of care delivery through a structured patient-centred HIV prevention delivery model. In this qualitative study, we sought to understand clients' experiences of this "dynamic choice prevention model" (DCP) and highlight pathways of action to inform HIV prevention delivery models. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted from November 2021 through March 2022 with a purposively selected sample of n = 56 participants in DCP trials (across outpatient departments, antenatal clinics and community settings), and n = 21 healthcare providers (total n = 77). A seven-person multi-regional team translated and inductively coded transcript data. We used a framework analysis approach to identify emergent themes. Individuals taking up HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reported feelings of relief, liberation from fears of acquiring HIV and satisfaction with being able to take action despite partners' behaviours. Couples used a range of approaches afforded by the study to persuade partners to get tested and opt for PrEP. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) use was less common, although women welcomed it in the event of sexual coercion or assault. Participants discussed switching from PEP to PrEP after familiarizing themselves with usage and ascertaining ongoing risk. Participants felt respected by providers, trusted them and appreciated being able to contact them directly for telephone support. Prevention uptake was hindered by stigma, limited experience with and knowledge of prevention methods, gendered and generational power dynamics within intimate partnerships and families, and negative perceptions of methods due to the products themselves. Participants anticipated long-acting injectable PrEP could solve their challenges regarding pill size, daily pill burden and the likelihood of unwanted disclosure. Diverse preferences and barriers to uptake of prevention require a choice of HIV prevention options, locations and delivery modalities-but in addition, flexible, competent and friendly care provision is crucial to promote uptake. Helping clients feel valued, and addressing their unique needs and challenges, enables their agency to prioritize their health.

Evaluation and Participatory Variety Selection of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties in Dawro Zone, South Western Region of Ethiopia

Farmers in the study area exhibit a unique tendency to choose varieties based on selection criteria rather than tested yields in the district. To ensure farmer participation, a study was conducted on six farmers’ farms, utilizing farmers as replicas in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Ten common bean crop varieties underwent evaluation on these farms to assess varieties in terms of farmer participation and identify priority criteria during the 2019 and 2020 production years. Plot sizes were standardized to 4m plot lengths with inter and intra-spacing of 40cm and 10cm, respectively. The seed and NPSB fertilizer rate were set at 100kg/ha and 122kg/ha, respectively. Significant differences were (P<0.05) were observed among treatments for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to 90% maturity, and yield over two years. Notably, the common bean varieties Remeda, DAB 96, and SER 119 yielded 1641, 1601, and 1588.7kg/ha, respectively. Additionally, the farmers in the district preferred red-seeded varieties for production and consumption due to superior seed per pod, pod per plant, seed size, seed color, and seed yield. Moreover, these farmers preferred varieties established tolerance to major common bean diseases which were common in the district. Consequently, these high-yielding, farmers preferred, and disease-tolerant varieties are recommended for demonstration and large-scale production in the study regions and agro-ecological zones similar to those the trial was implemented in south western region of Ethiopia.

Broadcasting Adaptation in the Streaming Era: Industrial Transformation in the Digital Revolution

In an era of ever-evolving streaming revolution, the broadcasting industry is facing major transformation to adapt and survive. Broadcasters need to adopt new strategies in business models and monetization, such as combining subscriptions, individual purchases, data-driven advertising, as well as partnerships with large streaming platforms through a hybrid approach. Investing in producing unique and engaging original content is also critical to differentiate yourself from competitors and cater to diverse audience preferences by exploring new genres and formats. In terms of technological infrastructure, increasing network capacity, servers and hardware are needed to support high-quality streaming, as well as paying attention to security and redundancy to ensure continuity of operations. Moreover, data measurement and analytics are key by developing new, relevant metrics to measure content performance, understand consumer behavior and preferences, and optimize monetization strategies. Leveraging data also allows for better personalization of content according to viewers' individual interests. By adopting a comprehensive approach in all these aspects, broadcasters can adapt effectively and achieve long-term success in an increasingly competitive streaming era.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Patient Preferences for Selecting Surgeons for Joint Replacement Surgery in India.

Introduction This study aims to investigate the complex decision-making process of patients in India when choosing surgeons for joint replacement surgery, with a focus on both clinical and non-clinical factors influencing their preferences. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at the KIMS-Sunshine Hospitals, Hyderabad, a high-volume tertiary care institute in India, in which patients with end-stage osteoarthritis requiring primary total knee arthroplasty were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire, which assessed both patient-related and surgeon-related factors in choosing their joint replacement surgeon. Results A total of 210 participants were surveyed among whom the majority were females with an average age of 60.2 years with the majority belonging to the upper-middle-class socioeconomic status (48.6%, N=102). Fifty-nine percent preferred surgeons with over 20 years of experience, and 63.8% were willing to travel out-of-state for recognized expertise. Family recommendations (33.8%) and surgeon reputation (24.3%) were primary factors in surgeon selection. A vast majority (73.3%) preferred surgeons who were skilled in robotic surgery and had foreign training (32.9%). However, the majority (67.6%) did not express any gender preference.The survey highlighted a broad range of informational sources affecting decisions, including financial consideration (63.8%), personal referrals, and online platforms (17.1%). Preferences were also shaped by hospital reputation and insurance options (10.5%), illustrating a nuanced interplay of quality, cost, and personal connections in the selection process. Conclusion The findings of this survey illuminate the intricate and diverse preferences exhibited by patients when selecting a surgeon for joint replacement surgery. A significant rise in patient expectations is evident, underscoring a demand for more personalized, contemporary, and high-quality healthcare services. Importantly, geographical proximity appears to be a diminishing concern in their decision-making process. This trend presents an opportunity for centers of excellence to extend their influence and attract patients on both a regional and national level.

A Comprehensive Review on the Impact of Teacher Feedback in Language Development for ESL/EFL Learners

This comprehensive review investigates the multifaceted impact of teacher feedback on English as a Second/Foreign Language (ESL/EFL) learners' language development. The paper examines feedback modalities, including written, verbal, and technological approaches, and recommends a multimodal strategy to accommodate diverse learner preferences. The challenges in providing feedback, such as balancing corrective and affirming feedback and individualising responses in large classes, are discussed. Future recommendations include using technology to provide scalable and personalised feedback, encouraging learner agency through self-assessment, and prioritising cultural responsiveness. The integration of socio-emotional dimensions into feedback practices is highlighted, emphasising the importance of a comprehensive approach to ESL/EFL language development. Ongoing collaboration among teachers, students, and researchers is recognised as critical for shaping evidence-based practices and advancing inclusive and effective ESL/EFL teaching. This paper offers valuable insights for teachers, researchers, and policymakers looking to improve language development strategies in a variety of ESL/EFL contexts. IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 7(1): 218-229

The Role of Craftsmen Group in Increasing Potential Tourism of Paksebali Village

By exploiting the potential of art and culture that exists in Paksebali Village, this can be a prominent and sustainable tourist destination. The synergy between the craftsmen group and the tourism sector will not only boost the local economy, but also ensure that this rich cultural heritage is preserved and appreciated by future generations. Innovation in craft products that combines local cultural elements with modern trends. While previous research mostly deals with Although previous research mostly discussed the tourism potential in Paksebali Village, this article focuses on craftsmen who can create various types of products that are attractive to tourists, such as Endek Cloth Weaving Craft, Tedung, Prada Bludru Craft, Lontek Craft, Gambelan Bali Craft, Topeng Bali Craft. This diversification helps attract tourists who have a variety of preferences. This qualitative research was conducted in Paksebali village, Dawan Subdistrict, Klungkung Regency, Bali. Data was collected using the combination between in-depth interview and observations. The informants who participated in this research are craftsmen in Paksebali village, as my case studies. The findings show that through synergies between the craftsmen group and the tourism sector, there is a mutually beneficial exchange of value. Tourists gain experience and quality products, while the craftsmen gain the opportunity to increase their income and expand their market. In addition to economic benefits, these collaborations also have an impact on the preservation of local culture. Craftsmen products often reflect the history, tradition, and identity of a region. With increasing tourist interest in these products, the group of craftsmen is encouraged to continue to preserve and develop their expertise. Craftsmen in Paksebali Village can help increase the village's attractiveness as a tourist destination, while maintaining and preserving local cultural heritage. It is recommended that Craftsmen in Paksebali Village is expected to improve quality and innovation in craft products, setting up a craft centre or gallery, working with tourism agencies, conducting digital marketing and promotion, improving the packaging of craft products to make them more attractive, actively participating in exhibitions and festivals as well as cultural preservation and education.

Battery Performance Evaluation through Decision Tree

This study addresses the pervasive concern surrounding battery performance degradation in electronic devices. While some attribute this decline to device aging, a significant portion of the population lacks awareness of the precise factors contributing to diminished battery efficiency. Consequently, the research investigates the factors related to battery performance, aiming to identify the determinants of reduced efficiency. Decision trees are used to meticulously analyze the intricate relationships between variables and discern the factors that respondents perceive as causative of diminished battery performance. This algorithm is chosen since, in predicting high-capacity lithium-ion battery performance, the decision tree outperforms other algorithms in machine learning in accuracy. The study elucidates diverse user preferences, with 55.38% favoring Android and 44.62% expressing a preference for iOS, indicating disparate perceptions of battery health: 61.54% consider their batteries as "Good," while 38.46% acknowledge a decline. The decision tree analysis of 195 participants underscores the pronounced impact of prolonged usage on battery health, revealing that 95% maintain good battery performance. In contrast, 27.69% of Android users face reduced battery performance, emphasizing the need for targeted user education and Android manufacturers to prioritize device longevity. The ultimate objective is to give readers a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of battery performance in the context of device aging and its contributing factors and give some input to manufacturers and service providers.

Differential preference of grain of landrace and commercial rice genotypes to Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) attack

The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most damaging pests to stored cereal grains worldwide. The current study aimed to clarify the relationship between S. oryzae development and the governing physicochemical grain properties. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the grain preference of various landrace and commercial rice genotypes to rice weevil. S. oryzae, findings divulged the low rates of adult emergence, low rates of grain consumption and high rates of mortality in the grain of rice varieties, HUR-3022 and Nagina-22. Conversely, S. oryzae adult emergence and grain consumption were found to be high in the grain of Swarna, Sathi, and Pusa basmati-1. Interestingly, the morphological and biochemical composition of the grain was the most important factor in determining resistant or preferred rice varieties to S. oryzae. Among the various physical characteristics investigated, grain hardness was found to have a significant and negative correlation with alive insect, grain weight loss, and preference index. On the other hand, protein and other biochemical grain characteristics were found to have a positive correlation with insect emergence, weight loss, and preference index. In particular, amylose (a key grain component) was found to have a negative correlation with weight loss and insect emergence. The findings of this study suggest that screening of different rice genotypes, for determining grain preference, may be a more viable option to minimize the grain losses during storage caused by S. oryzae. Moreover, the findings of present study could also help to formulate the breeding programs aimed at developing cultivars resistant to this notorious pest.

Car Rental System

Abstract: Car rental systems play a vital role in providing individuals and businesses with a flexible and convenient solution for their transportation needs. Whether it’s for a weekend getaway, a business trip, or simply to meet temporary mobility requirements, car rental services offer a wide range of vehicles and rental options to suit diverse preferences and circumstances. This paper explores the intricacies of car rental systems, including their objectives, operational processes, customer interactions, and the broader impact on the transportation industry. The main objective of a car rental system is to facilitate access to reliable and well-maintained vehicles for customers’ personal or business use. This objective is achieved through a structured process that begins with the reservation of a vehicle. Customers can choose to reserve a car through physical rental agencies or online platforms, providing details such as pick-up and drop-off locations, dates, times, and vehicle preferences. This initial step sets the foundation for a seamless rental experience by ensuring that the desired vehicle is available at the specified time and location. Upon arrival at the rental location, customers are required to provide identification and documentation, such as a valid driver’s license and credit card for payment. These measures help verify the customer’s eligibility to rent a vehicle and mitigate potential risks associated with unauthorized vehicle usage. Additionally, rental agencies may offer insurance options to provide customers with peace of mind and financial protection against unforeseen events during the rental period. Once the necessary documentation is processed, customers receive instructions on operating the vehicle, including safety guidelines and any specific features unique to the rental vehicle. This orientation ensures that customers are equipped with the knowledge and confidence to drive the vehicle safely and responsibly. Throughout the rental period, customers have the freedom to use the vehicle according to their needs while adhering to the terms and conditions outlined in the rental agreement. Key considerations during the rental period include mileage restrictions, fuel policies, and potential charges for damages or violations. Mileage restrictions may vary depending on the rental agreement, with options for unlimited mileage or a predetermined allowance with additional charges for exceeding the limit. Fuel policies typically require customers to return the vehicle with the same level of fuel as when it was rented or pay a refueling fee to cover the cost of replenishing the fuel tank. Any damages or violations incurred during the rental period may result in additional charges, highlighting the importance of responsible vehicle usage. At the end of the rental period, customers return the vehicle to the designated drop-off location. Rental agencies or online platforms conduct a thorough inspection of the vehicle to assess its condition and identify any damages or discrepancies. This inspection process serves to protect the interests of both the rental agency and the customer by ensuring that the vehicle is returned in the same condition as when it was rented, excluding normal wear and tear. Final payment settlement occurs during the vehicle return process, where any additional charges for damages, violations, or optional services are applied to the customer’s payment method on file. Rental agencies may also offer loyalty programs or discounts for repeat customers as a way to incentivize continued patronage and enhance customer satisfaction. In addition to providing a convenient transportation solution for individuals and businesses, car rental systems contribute to the broader transportation industry by promoting mobility, reducing the need for vehicle ownership, and supporting economic activity through rental fees and associated services. Moreover, car rental services play a crucial role in facilitating tourism and travel by offering visitors the flexibility to explore destinations at their own pace and convenience. Keywords: car rental systems, objectives, operational processes, customer interactions, transportation industry, reservation, documentation, insurance options, vehicle orientation, rental agreement, mileage restrictions, fuel policies, damages, violations, vehicle return process, payment settlement, loyalty programs, tourism, travel.

Psychosocial Care Needs of Elderly: Development of Psychoeducational Program

This research explores the shared perspectives of elderly Cabuyeños regarding their psychosocial care needs and caregiving attitudes. Employing a qualitative approach with self-developed semi-structured interviews within the paradigm of constructionism, themes emerge, including familial care needs, recreational preferences, social interactions, religious care needs, governmental support, consistency preferences, caregiver characteristics, and treatment preferences. The study concludes by emphasizing the necessity for a targeted psychoeducational program tailored to the diverse needs identified. The thematic analysis underscores the significance of family support, diverse recreational activities, social interactions, spiritual engagement, government assistance, and preferences for caregiver characteristics and treatment. This proactive solution is vital for addressing physical health challenges and economic hardships, empowering both elderly individuals and caregivers. The proposed program holds promise in providing a holistic approach to psychosocial care, enhancing the quality of life for the elderly in Cabuyao during their later years.