Preferred Creditor Research Articles

Targeted Risk Coverage

An emerging trend in project and concession financing is the use of targeted risk coverage, a structured financial mechanism for risk mitigation that shifts specifically identified risks from a project-financed transaction or concession to a third party such as a multiline insurance or reinsurance company, or a preferred creditor. While targeted risk coverage represents an innovative approach that can be an effective risk mitigant, rating agencies will elevate project credit ratings only after careful analysis of each risk cover9s terms and conditions and the willingness of the coverage provider to meet its obligations in a timely manner.

Evaluations of Balance of Payments Support:Case Study of Sweden

Summaries The author argues that macroeconomic evaluations of the impact of aid still lack an established methodology. It is mentioned that when assessing the impact of economic reform programmes, the authors of the various evaluations have encountered a series of problems such as the time span which has often been too short. Very few evaluations address the issue of the extent of ‘ownership’ of the respective adjustment programmes and the degree of domestic political credibility. Potential critical areas that might be addressed in evaluations could include the following items: incentive problems related to the high marginal tax on good performance implicit in the ‘financing gap’ approach; the danger of a soft budget constraint being introduced by benevolent donors; the danger of programme aid being used to bail out bad performers year after year; and the multiple roles played by the IFI as preferred creditors, major macroeconomic advisers and coordinators of part of the bilateral aid.

HAK TENAGA KERJA DALAM PROSES KEPAILITAN PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (STUDI ANALISIS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN)

Bankruptcy has effect for all creditors, labor is no exception. Settlement of property the debtor to the creditor in the event of the debtor is declared bankrupt will depend largely on the position of the creditors. The position of labor creditor's preferred placed as having special privileges, which will get the first in bankruptcy. However, the property the debtor in bankruptcy is sometimes not enough to pay off all his debts bills including salaries and severance to labor as a preferred creditor. Therefore the author will examine these issues by formulating two problems namely: How the completion of labor rights in the process of bankruptcy according to law No. 13 of 2003 On Labor and How do the views of Islamic law on the settlement of the labor rights in the process of bankruptcy according to law No. 13 of 2003 On Labor. The conclusions of this research in general law No. 13 of 2003 On Labor is in compliance because Islamic law already gives privileges in the fulfillment of their rights. but still need to revise several sections to make the provisions of the law in the Law more robust in protecting labor rights in the process of bankruptcy and the Government should establish a policy to provide concrete guarantees and protection of the rights of labor in the event of bankruptcy.