Preferences For Attributes Research Articles

Simply red? The effects of distinct colours and sustainable production methods on the consumers’ preferences for healthier sweet peppers

The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly assess the value of colours in consumers' preferences for sweet peppers, and the association with more sustainable methods of production in the consumers' minds. Furthermore, this study provides novel insights into the influence of colours on the willingness to pay (WTP) for vegetables. It explores the interplay between colours, food attributes, and socio-demographic characteristics among consumers, marking the first attempt to examine this relationship comprehensively. A discrete choice experiment, based on consumers' preferences for sweet pepper attributes (price, colour, and production method), was implemented and a Seemingly Unrelated Regression model was then applied to evaluate the willingness to pay for different colours. The study has revealed that different colours provide consumers with different utilities and WTP in the choices of potential healthier foods. In addition, gender, age, education and number of family components play a role in affecting consumers' WTP of food linked to colour. Finally, it was found that consumers’ knowledge for certain pepper colours with different antioxidant contents is interrelated. This study introduces several novelties, in particular a positive correlation between interest in antioxidants and colours was found, suggesting that interest in healthy food properties might move consumers towards a specific sensory choice.

Consumer preferences for attributes in sweet beverages and market impacts of beverage innovation

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) is considered as an important risk factor for the development of overweight and obesity in populations worldwide, with a particular focus on the risks in the younger parts of the population – children and adolescents. Together with fiscal measures and information tools, innovation-based approaches such as the development of sugar-free or sugar-reduced versions of established beverages and development of new beverage products have been used to reduce this challenge, but the effects of product innovation on sugar intake are not well understood from the literature, as previous studies have largely ignored substitution effects of product innovation in the beverage domain. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential effectiveness of product innovation as a strategy to affect consumers' intake of energy from sweetened non-alcoholic beverages. Using household panel shopping data from approximately 3000 Danish households over the years 2006–2014, we developed a hedonic pricing approach to estimate the influence of product attributes on consumers' utility, based on observed data for Danish households' purchases of sweet drinks. Overall, the study found that beverages’ degree of sweetness positively affected the satiation effect of beverage consumption and in turn made the demand for these beverages less sensitive to e.g. price changes or introduction of competing products, whereas the energy density of the beverages positively affected the demand sensitivity to market changes. Findings like these can be useful for assessing market effects as well as environmental and public health impacts of changes to the market environment.

Psychological distances to climate change and public preferences for biodiversity-augmenting attributes in family-owned production forests

Understanding public perceptions on how management can help adapt forests to climate change is fundamental to the design of socially-acceptable policies. A binary discrete choice experiment in Norway and Sweden was conducted to elicit public preferences for biodiversity-augmenting changes in three forest management attributes (set-aside, proportion of uneven-aged tree stands, and number and type of tree species) compared to typical status quo conditions in family-owned production forests. Importantly, how self-constructed psychological (spatial, social, temporal and hypothetical) distances to climate change were associated with management preferences was investigated. Following integrated choice and latent variable modeling approaches to account for their latency, our econometric results show that closer psychological distances to climate change were associated with increased support for biodiversity-augmenting changes in management attributes from status quo conditions of family-owned production forests. On average, the Norwegian public preferred larger set-asides and introducing one more broadleaved species, while the Swedish public favored changes in all attributes. The highest utility was derived from increasing set-aside areas from the status quo (5%) to 10% and 20% in both countries with respective average WTP of about 10 to 11 EUR/month in Norway, and approximately 10 to 14 EUR/month in Sweden. Findings point to universal acceptability of increasing set-aside areas in both nations, and public approval for uneven-aged and mixed forest management in Sweden.

The role of social and environmental sustainability on sportswear’s purchasing among European consumers

PurposeWhile consumer preferences for sporting goods have been widely researched within sport management, literature is lacking on aspects of social and environmental sustainability. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the role of social and environmental sustainability for purchase decisions of sportswear and compares them to the role of price and functionality.Design/methodology/approachBased on a conjoint analysis among 1,012 Europeans, the authors conducted a two-step cluster analysis. First, the authors investigated the number of segments via Ward’s method. Second, the authors ran a k-means analysis based on part-worth utilities from the conjoint analysis.FindingsThe authors identified four segments which differ in terms of preferred product attributes, willingness to pay, and sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychographic characteristics: undecided, sustainable, price-focused and function-oriented consumers. Based on this segmentation, the authors found that the importance of social and environmental sustainability is growing, but not among all consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalizability of the study is limited since it is not built on a sample representative for the included European countries, it focuses on a single product, and participants are potentially subject to a social desirability bias.Originality/valueThe consumer analysis comprises the uptake of attributes related to social and environmental sustainability. The authors thereby address a literature gap as previous research (thematizing sporting goods) in the sport management field has often neglected sustainability elements despite their rapidly growing importance within the sport sector.

Insight into the buying behaviour of consumers for chilli in Indonesia: Households and food businesses in selected cities

In Indonesia, chilli are marketed mainly through traditional markets, where households are the primary consumers. Emerging food businesses and modern retailers provide market opportunities for farmers and develop chilli value chains. This study aims to understand the preferences and buying behaviors of households and business organizations regarding chilli. A total of 121 households and 47 business organizations were surveyed face-to-face, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The respondents were spread across Jakarta and surrounding urban areas. Descriptive statistical analysis, frequency distribution, cross-tabulation, and the Mann-Whitney U test, a nonparametric test to compare the preferences of the two consumer groups for chilli and product attributes, were performed. To complement the descriptive statistics, narrative descriptive analysis was employed to examine consumers' responses and reasons for the open-ended questions. The results show that households buy chilli weekly from nearby shops and food businesses daily from traditional markets, preferring them for lower prices and variety. Age positively correlates with purchase frequency, whereas household size correlates with both frequency and expense. Food business expenditure correlates with revenue and years of operation. The results also confirm that consumers exhibit similar preferences for most attributes but differ in their emphasis on freshness, peel smoothness, distance, and availability during the off-season. Indonesian consumers are concerned about chilli price volatility, freshness, and availability, which significantly impact purchasing decisions.

A Literature Review on Pricing Decisions for Complementary Supply Chains Considering Social Preference Behavior

In practice, many enterprises have achieved better market results through the implementation and continuous optimization of the complementary products strategy. Although complementary products can bring higher value and utility to customers' consumption experience, thus affecting the production operation and sales price decisions of enterprises, the strategic choices of complementary supply chain members will be affected when facing the different social preference behaviors of the members in the complementary supply chain and the complex supply chain structure. Based on this, this paper considers the vertical altruistic preference of the manufacturer over the retailer and the horizontal altruistic preference of the manufacturer over the manufacturer of the complementary product under different altruistic preference dimensions for a two-level supply chain system consisting of two manufacturers producing complementary products and a common retailer, and analyzes the optimal pricing strategies of supply chain members under different altruistic preference levels, which is of great significance for the stable operation of the supply chain.

Integrated knowledge graph construction framework for places-of-interest retrieval using a property graph database

ABSTRACT With recent technological advances, the efficient extraction and utilization of valuable information from large-scale data sources have become increasingly important. The development of knowledge graphs (KGs) based on logical relationships between data has garnered attention from various location-related services. To provide results that satisfy the diverse preferences of individuals, explicit attributes and implicit semantic context must be considered during the retrieval of places of interest (POIs). Most POI retrievals often involve not just examining detailed information about places but also specifying places for intended visits. Therefore, spatial knowledge regarding the surroundings of POIs, such as proximity and accessible routes, should be incorporated to support decision-making. In this study, we propose a comprehensive framework for constructing a KG for POI retrieval (PKG), which adeptly integrates the place attributes, semantic features, and spatial context of locations. The core objective of this framework is to acquire suitable data for facilitating POI retrieval that effectively considers diverse user preferences for places. After constructing a PKG of Orlando (FL, USA), we verified the practical applicability of the proposed framework by conducting 10 types of distinct POI retrieval queries catering to a range of user preferences. The graph queries returned a list of POIs that precisely aligned with the requirements of users on not only the explicit attributes of places but also the spatial and semantic features while providing detailed travel route information to these destinations. In conclusion, the PKG enabled POI retrieval that satisfied user preferences and diversified the retrieved places and the information provided. As the PKG offers flexibility in data integration without physical constraints, it can be expanded by incorporating information from various sources.

Patient Preferences for Treatment Attributes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From a Large Survey Across Seven European Countries Using a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Inflammatory bowel disease requires long-term treatment; therefore, understanding patient preferences is important in aiding informed treatment decision making. This study explored patients' preferences for treatment attributes of available inflammatory bowel disease therapies. Adult patients from 7 European countries who self-reported previous/current treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) participated in an online survey via the Carenity platform. In a discrete choice experiment, the relative importance of treatment attributes for CD and UC was estimated using conditional logit models. Latent class analysis was conducted to estimate heterogeneous treatment preferences based on patient profiles. Patients' perspectives and preferences regarding their quality of life were assessed. Across 686 completed survey responses (CD, n = 360; UC, n = 326), the mean patient age was 48 and 50 years, respectively. Patients with CD ranked route of administration as the most important attribute (attribute importance: 32%), preferring subcutaneous over intravenous treatment (P < .001). Patients with UC ranked route of administration and frequency of serious adverse events as the most important attributes (attribute importance: 31% and 23%, respectively), preferring oral (P < .001) and subcutaneous (P < .001) over intravenous treatment and treatment that minimized the risk of serious adverse events (P < .001) or mild adverse events (P < .01). Latent class analyses confirmed the impact of patients' sociodemographic profile on their preferences. All patients prioritized general well-being, energy level, and daily activities as the most important aspects for improvement through treatment. Patient preferences for treatment attributes varied among patients with CD or UC, highlighting the importance of personalized care and shared decision making to maximize treatment benefits.

Understanding Clinician Preferences for Treatment Attributes in Oncology: A Discrete Choice Experiment of Oncologists' and Urologists' Preferences for First-Line Treatment of Locally Advanced/Unresectable Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma in Five European Countries.

Prior discrete choice experiments (DCE) in oncology found that, on average, clinicians rank survival as the most important treatment attribute. We investigate heterogeneity in clinician preferences within the context of first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma in Spain, France, Italy, Germany, and the UK. The online DCE included 12 treatment choice tasks, each comparing two hypothetical therapy profiles defined by treatment attributes: grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), induction and maintenance administration schedules, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS). We used a random parameters logit model to estimate attribute relative importance (RI) (0-100%) and generate preference shares for four treatment profiles. Results were stratified by country. Preference heterogeneity was evaluated by latent class analysis. In August and September 2022, 498 clinicians (343 oncologists and 155 urologists) completed the DCE. OS had the strongest influence on clinicians' preferences [RI = 62%; range, 51.6% (Germany) to 63.7% (Spain)] followed by frequency of grade 3/4 TRAEs (RI = 27%). Among treatment profiles, the chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitor maintenance therapy profile had the largest preference share [51%; range, 38% (Italy) to 56% (UK)]. Four latent classes of clinicians were identified (N = 469), with different treatment profile preferences: survival class (30.1%), trade-off class (22.4%), no strong preference class (40.9%), and aggressive treatment class (6.6%). OS was not the most important attribute for 30.0% of clinicians. While average sample results were consistent with those of prior DCEs, this study found heterogeneity in clinician preferences within and across countries, highlighting the diversity in clinician decision making in oncology.

The Investigation of Preference Attributes of Indonesian Mobile Banking Users to Develop a Strategy for Mobile Banking Adoption

A new normal has been established as a result of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on social behavior, technology, and business. This has a significant effect on how technology is used, such as mobile banking services, which offer more hygienic and secure payment alternatives than cash. Mobile banking has been viewed as having the ability to enhance access to unbanked customers in developing economies such as Indonesia, where 100 million people remain unbanked. This study aims to develop strategies using importance-performance analysis (IPA) to improve adoption based on the perceived importance and performance of 1441 mobile banking users during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using an online questionnaire administered during the period of September 2022 to March 2023 using the mobile banking adoption attributes of Attitude, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Compatibility, Subjective Norm, Interpersonal Influence, External Influence, Perceived Behavior Control, facilitating conditions, self-efficacy, firm reputation, trust, disease risk, performance risk, financial risk, privacy risk, time risk, psychological risk, and perceived risk. IPA results were divided into four quadrants: “concentrate here”, “keep up the good work”, “low priority”, and “possible overkill” with a representation that respondents regard as important and well-addressed. The findings show that bank strategists seeking competitive advantage must push innovation efforts to protect users by improving privacy risk and financial risk and enhancing mobile banking security from potential cyberattacks. Digital banks and associated institutions need to educate mobile banking customers on the benefits of security measures for these services, which may improve confidence and trust, and consequently, accelerate mobile banking adoption.

Quantifying adaptation costs in sequential FDI location choices: Evidence from German firms

Initiating foreign direct investment (FDI) is expensive for multinational firms due to the need to adapt to new business practices, ethical norms, and regulations in a foreign country. This paper examines how such adaptation costs affect firms' FDI decisions in current and subsequent periods. We develop a dynamic structural model of how firms make sequential decisions regarding where to invest. Using unique data covering all German firms' FDI from 2002 to 2009, we estimate the model that allows for country-specific adaptation costs and firms' heterogeneous preferences for location attributes. The estimation results suggest that the adaptation costs are statistically and economically significant, ranging from 0.9% to 22.4% of a firm's average expected discounted profits. If adaptation costs were completely subsidized, firms' FDI location choices would change drastically. Moreover, the average expected discounted profit would increase by 10.9%, not only because of the reduction in adaptation costs but more importantly, due to better matching between firms and locations.

Influence of COVID-19 on Consumer Preference for Turfgrass Attributes in the Southern United States

This study estimates the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on consumer preferences for turfgrass attributes by analyzing data from two surveys conducted in Jan 2019 and Apr 2021. First, the study estimated a mixed logit model to account for individual heterogeneity in preferences. Subsequently, estimates of the willingness to pay (WTP) were compared between periods before and after the pandemic. To show the impact of consumers’ risk attitudes with respect to climate change on their preference for turfgrass attributes, we re-estimated the model according to the risk attitude groups (i.e., risk-seeking vs. risk-averse). Finally, to examine how consumers’ demographic characteristics and risk attitudes are related to their WTP for improved turfgrass attributes, we estimated a random-effect panel data model for each attribute. Our results showed that, overall, consumers’ WTP increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also found that the WTP of risk-averse consumers were mostly higher than those of risk-seeking consumers during both time periods. Furthermore, the increase in the WTP observed among the risk-averse group was greater than the increase of the WTP of the risk-seeking group. Our findings imply that the demand for drought-tolerant and stress-resistant turfgrasses would increase with possible future climate changes and infectious disease outbreaks.

Estimation of an attribute value peer-to-peer accommodation platform using a choice experiment: focus on Airbnb

研究目的本研究旨在识别个人对Airbnb这一代表性P2P住宿平台信息属性的偏好。在共享经济中, 平台被视为供需的主要中介, 而这些平台与传统住宿预订系统有明显不同的属性。研究方法本研究采用选择实验法（CE）, 这是一种系统地确定属性偏好的方法, 表现为边际支付意愿（MWTP）。数据采集使用了Amazon Mechanical Turk（MTurk）, 最终有243名受访者参与了调查。研究发现结果显示, 受访者的选择受到住宿图片数量、房东经验、取消政策和本地信息的积极影响, 而受到价格的负面影响。关于边际支付意愿, 房东经验具有最高价值（84.25美元）, 其次依次为取消政策（40美元）、照片（26.67美元）和本地信息（10.92美元）研究创新通过提供优先考虑的 Airbnb 偏好属性列表, 本研究结果可以为引导P2P住宿平台的发展提供战略指导.

User profiling for Chinese super-new generation wine consumers based on improved density peak clustering algorithm

PurposeFor a better understanding of the preferences and differences of young consumers in emerging wine markets, this study aims to propose a clustering method to segment the super-new generation wine consumers based on their sensitivity to wine brand, origin and price and then conduct user profiles for segmented consumer groups from the perspectives of demographic attributes, eating habits and wine sensory attribute preferences.Design/methodology/approachWe first proposed a consumer clustering perspective based on their sensitivity to wine brand, origin and price and then conducted an adaptive density peak and label propagation layer-by-layer (ADPLP) clustering algorithm to segment consumers, which improved the issues of wrong centers' selection and inaccurate classification of remaining sample points for traditional DPC (DPeak clustering algorithm). Then, we built a consumer profile system from the perspectives of demographic attributes, eating habits and wine sensory attribute preferences for segmented consumer groups.FindingsIn this study, 10 typical public datasets and 6 basic test algorithms are used to evaluate the proposed method, and the results showed that the ADPLP algorithm was optimal or suboptimal on 10 datasets with accuracy above 0.78. The average improvement in accuracy over the base DPC algorithm is 0.184. As an outcome of the wine consumer profiles, sensitive consumers prefer wines with medium prices of 100–400 CNY and more personalized brands and origins, while casual consumers are fond of popular brands, popular origins and low prices within 50 CNY. The wine sensory attributes preferred by super-new generation consumers are red, semi-dry, semi-sweet, still, fresh tasting, fruity, floral and low acid.Practical implicationsYoung Chinese consumers are the main driver of wine consumption in the future. This paper provides a tool for decision-makers and marketers to identify the preferences of young consumers quickly which is meaningful and helpful for wine marketing.Originality/valueIn this study, the ADPLP algorithm was introduced for the first time. Subsequently, the user profile label system was constructed for segmented consumers to highlight their characteristics and demand partiality from three aspects: demographic characteristics, consumers' eating habits and consumers' preferences for wine attributes. Moreover, the ADPLP algorithm can be considered for user profiles on other alcoholic products.

Identifying Preferred Features of Weight Loss Programs for Adults With or at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Discrete Choice Experiment With 3,960 Adults in the U.K.

To understand preferences for features of weight loss programs among adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes in the U.K. We conducted a discrete choice experiment with 3,960 U.K. adults living with overweight (n = 675 with type 2 diabetes). Preferences for seven characteristics of weight loss programs were analyzed. Simulations from choice models using the experimental data predicted uptake of available weight loss programs. Patient groups comprising those who have experience with weight loss programs, including from minority communities, informed the experimental design. Preferences did not differ between individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Preferences were strongest for type of diet. Healthy eating was most preferred relative to total diet replacement (odds ratio [OR] 2.24; 95% CI 2.04-2.44). Individual interventions were more popular than group interventions (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.34-1.47). Participants preferred programs offering weight loss of 10-15 kg (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.28-1.47) to those offering loss of 2-4 kg. Online content was preferred over in-person contact (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.18-1.30). There were few differences in preferences by gender or ethnicity, although weight loss was more important to women than to men, and individuals from ethnic minority populations identified more with programs where others shared their characteristics. Modeling suggested that tailoring programs to individual preferences could increase participation by ∼17 percentage points (68% in relative terms). Offering a range of weight loss programs targeting the preferred attributes of different patient groups could potentially encourage more people to participate in weight loss programs and support those living with overweight to reduce their weight.

Job Attribute Preferences of Sexual Minority People: The Role of Past Discrimination and Safe Havens

Building on research on discrimination, occupational segregation, and labor market inequalities that are rooted in sexual orientation, this study examines how previous negative experiences of discrimination and positive experiences of “safe havens”—workplaces that protect employees from discrimination—are associated with job attribute preferences of sexual minority people. Based on data from a German online convenience sample (N = 1197 sexual minority respondents), this study focuses on five job attribute preferences: high income, good promotion prospects, opportunities for further training, interesting work, and LGB-friendly work climate. The results suggest the high importance of an LGB-friendly work climate for sexual minority people. Furthermore, the results show that discriminatory experiences are positively associated with the importance of an LGB-friendly work climate for sexual minority people in an early career stage. However, safe havens are positively associated with the importance of an LGB-friendly work climate for sexual minority people. Finally, results suggest little evidence for an association between discrimination, safe havens, and general job attribute preferences. Differences between career stages highlight the importance of this variable in further research on the career trajectories of sexual minority people.

Exercise preference in stroke survivors: a concept analysis.

Exercise preference in stroke survivors is related to their adherence to long-term rehabilitation regimen and functional recovery. Although explored recently, the term exercise preference still lacks a clear definition. The aim of this study is to conceptualize exercise preference in stroke survivors. The Walker and Avant method was applied as a framework for the conceptual analysis of exercise preference. Data from 34 publications were collected using seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and CBM) and applied in the analysis. The search period was from the inception of the database to April 30, 2023. Exercise preference in stroke survivors was defined according to four attributes: priority of choice, behavioral tendency, affective priming, and patience in adherence. The common antecedents of the concept of exercise preference in stroke survivors were classified into patient-related, therapy-related, and environmental-related categories and the consequences were classified into three categories: patient-related, rehabilitation provider-related, and rehabilitation service system-related. Exercise preference in stroke survivors refers to the patient's choice, tendency, affective response, and attitude toward engagement in the recommended rehabilitation regimen. It is beneficial for understanding the essential attributes of exercise preference in stroke survivors by clarifying the concept. In addition, it will facilitate the development of instruments for assessing exercise preference in stroke survivors and the construction of theory-based intervention programs that can improve adherence to exercise rehabilitation.

All we crave is pleasure! The motivation behind millennial men's clothing store choices when purchasing semi‐formal/smart workwear for themselves

AbstractMulti‐method research was conducted in South Africa to explore the personal values that shape millennial men's clothing retail store choices when purchasing semi‐formal/smart workwear for themselves. The qualitative phase comprised in‐depth, personal interviews with 25 participants, implementing soft laddering to elicit the preferred attributes and desired consequences that drive clothing retail store choices. These ‘easier to communicate’ properties formed the crux of the phase 2 measuring instrument. The online quantitative questionnaire, an interactive version of the established Association Pattern Technique (APT), was completed by 408 millennial men as part of the means‐end chain (MEC) procedure. The stepwise process produced a series of hierarchical value maps (HVMs), disclosing two prominent underlying personal values that drive millennial men's clothing store choices. ‘Pleasure’ emerged as the most prominent personal value, signalling millennials' high regard for enjoyable shopping experiences. The importance of a sense of ‘security’ should also be noted. Accordingly, the underlying forces that drive this financially lucrative cohort's clothing retail store choices extend beyond the marketing principles taught in business schools. Retailers will, therefore, have to delve deeper to understand their target markets' needs to prosper in a highly competitive marketplace.

The Impact of the Urban Forest Park Recreation Environment and Perceived Satisfaction on Post-Tour Behavioral Intention—Using Tongzhou Grand Canal Forest Park as an Example

The positive behaviors that urban forest parks encourage in urban residents (such as recommendations, repeat visits, etc.) are important considerations in the planning and construction of such forest parks. Recreators’ environmental preferences and perceived satisfaction with urban forest parks are responses to individuals’ perceptions and attitudes toward the external environment. Clarifying the interactive relationship between the two is of great significance to improving positive behavioral intentions in urban forest parks. In this paper, the concept of the urban forest park recreational environment is proposed, and in this concept, the three dimensions of the spatial physical environmental preference, regional cultural characteristics, and service experience that the urban forest park recreational environment has on tourists’ perception are separated out. A model of the structural relationship between park environment perception, perceived satisfaction, and post-tour behavioral intention was tested using Tongzhou Grand Canal Forest Park as an example. The psychological path of tourists’ behavioral intention after visiting the urban forest park can be divided into two categories: the direct influencing path is “urban forest park recreation environment → post-tour behavioral intention”; the indirect influencing path is “urban forest park recreation environment → perceived satisfaction → behavioral intention after the trip”. This shows that tourists’ preference for the urban forest park recreation environment will promote the generation of perceived satisfaction and then stimulate in-depth comprehensive experience evaluation after visiting. By enhancing tourists’ experience of the urban forest park recreational environment through their environmental preference perception and improving tourists’ perceived satisfaction with the urban forest park recreational environment, urban forest parks can improve tourists’ positive behavioral intentions. Clarifying these complex psychological processes provides a new perspective for understanding people’s cognition of urban forest parks, the physiological and psychological benefits produced, and the resulting behavioral tendencies. At the same time, it also provides a new perspective for the planning and design of similar types of urban forest parks. It provides a certain reference value for forest park management.

546 - Patient preferences for treatment attributes in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a discrete choice experiment

Abstract Introduction/Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects approximately 5-10% of adults worldwide, significantly burdening affected patients. Newer treatments for moderate-to-severe AD, including biologic therapies and Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitors, are associated with varied levels of efficacy, safety, monitoring, and administration requirements. Yet, patient preferences for different treatment options are not well characterized. Objectives A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was designed to quantify the extent to which AD patients in the United States (US) value different treatment attributes. Methods An online DCE survey was conducted in June 2023. Eligible participants included US adults (≥ 18 years) with self-reported moderate-to-severe AD or experience with systemic therapy, diagnosed with AD for ≥1 year, with inadequate response to topical treatments. DCE attributes were selected based on qualitative interviews with patients and clinical input, including attributes related to efficacy (i.e., sustained improvement in skin appearance, itch control), safety (i.e., risk of respiratory infection, cancer, and heart problems), treatment administration, and blood test frequency. Participants were presented 12 choice tasks, each presenting two hypothetical treatment profiles, and selected one profile from each task that reflected their preferred option. A conditional logit regression model was used to assess patient preferences for attributes. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, excluding patients who failed validity tests. Results A diverse group of 300 participants completed the survey (mean age: 45 years; 22% non-white or mixed; 70% female; 66% employed). Approximately half received their first AD treatment of any kind 5 or more years ago (50%), had experienced severe symptoms (50%), and had experience with systemic therapy (52%). Participants preferred treatments with higher efficacy, lower risk of AEs, and less frequent blood tests (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Frequency and mode of administration (i.e., oral vs. injectable) did not impact preferences (p &amp;gt; 0.05). On average, participants were willing to accept a reduction of 35.4, 17.7, and 1.2 percentage points in the probability of achieving itch control to receive a treatment with 1 percentage point less risk of cancer, heart problems, and respiratory infections, respectively. Treatment attributes, from high to low relative importance, were itch control (38%), followed by risk of cancer (23%), risk of respiratory infections (18%), risk of heart problems (11%), sustained improvement in skin appearance (5%), blood test frequency (3%), and frequency and mode of administration (2%). Results were similar in sensitivity analyses, indicating the robustness of the findings. Conclusions Patients with moderate-to-severe AD preferred treatments that maximize itch control while minimizing the risk of AEs (cancer, respiratory infections, heart problems), whereas mode of administration had little impact on preferences. Understanding patients’ preferences may help improve shared decision-making.