Color Preference Research Articles

Suitability of Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato Clones for Ingredients of Chinese Buns (Buns)

A form of tuber known as a sweet potato includes bioactive substances in addition to carbs, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. Purple-fleshed sweet potatoes have been heavily marketed as functional foods due to their anthocyanin content. Different textures can be found in the three types and two clones of sweet potatoes used as a base for buns. In comparison to the other 3 kinds, the textures of RIS 10043-02 and MSU 10003-07 were harder, more cohesive, and chewier. The high values of hardness (5.78N), springiness (73.77%), and cohesiveness contributed to the high chewiness value of the buns manufactured from Antin 2 (257.52N) (0.63N). The L*, a*, and b* values of the generated buns decrease with increasing anthocyanin concentration in the raw material, and the panelists’ preferences for color also increase. For the four sensory evaluation criteria of the buns manufactured from five different sweet potato clones, the scores varied from 3.64 to 4.08. It seems that the MSU 10003-07 clone, followed by Antin 2 and Antin 3, was the panelists’ favorite bun.

Колористические искания художников современной России: белая палитра станковой живописи Марии Пак

The article attempts to consider the work of the Moscow artist Maria Pak in the context of coloristic searches in Russian painting based on artists’ work with the white colour. The article opens with a brief outline of the development of the doctrine of colour in the European art of the early modern and modern periods. The main part is devoted to the analysis of the latest exhibition of the easel painting (March 2023) by Associate Professor of the V.I. Surikov Moscow State Academic Art Institute, Maria Pak, student of I.L. Lubennikov. Particular attention is focused on the “winter” canvases in which the creative task is to paint white on white. The author of the article makes the conclusion that colour preferences are not only determined by social, national and other conditions for artistic culture development, but also closely related to a person’s ability to empathize. The author comes to this conclusion considering the white colour palette of M. Pak’s easel painting in a broad cultural context — appealing to the works of painters as well as to the poetic creations of Russian writers.

Cross‐modal and cross‐cultural perceptions of parosmia

AbstractThis international study aimed to investigate cross‐modal associations between parosmic sensations and visual information, as well as explore potential cross‐cultural differences; 393 parosmia patients from Argentina, Germany, Japan, and the Philippines participated. The patients were provided with a 63‐color chart encompassing diverse hues and a 20‐shape chart containing polygonal and curved shapes. Their task was to choose one color and one shape that matched their parosmic sensations. Results indicated that patients generally associated their parosmic sensations with brownish or greenish colors, darker colors, and polygonal or cloud‐like shapes. Significant cross‐cultural differences were observed, with Germans tending to select darker colors and edged shapes, while Japanese preferred brighter colors and curved shapes. These differences appeared to be related to the intensity of parosmia, which was higher among Germans. The study suggests a cross‐modal relationship between olfaction and vision, while also highlighting the influence of cultural factors on parosmia perception.Practical ApplicationsThe findings of this study have practical implications for understanding and managing parosmia symptoms, particularly in multicultural settings. Healthcare professionals can use the cross‐modal associations between olfactory sensations and visual information as a tool for assessment and diagnosis of parosmia patients. By considering the cultural background of patients, healthcare providers can better understand the nuances in their descriptions and interpretations of parosmic sensations. Additionally, the observed cross‐cultural differences in color and shape associations can inform the development of standardized assessment tools that are sensitive to cultural variations. This knowledge can enhance communication between patients and healthcare professionals, leading to more accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment approaches, and improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for cultural sensitivity in odor‐related research and the development of interventions for parosmia and other olfactory disorders.

The Effect of Police Officers’ Gardening Activity Level, Plant Preferences, and Key Variables on Resilience

Background and objective: This study examines the effect of gardening activity level, plant preference, and key variables of police officers on resilience.Methods: A total of 105 male and female respondents with an average age of 40.6 ± 9.3 were surveyed and analyzed.Results: Respondents with older age, higher education, higher average monthly income, and longer period of service tended to show higher means of gardening activity level. Among the three factors of resilience (control, sociability, and positivity), control was higher in the graduate school group than other groups, showing statistical significance. <i>Tulipa</i> spp. and <i>Narcissus</i> spp. showed the highest preferences among the 8 cultivars of flowering plants, followed by <i>Iris</i> spp., <i>Dahlia</i> spp., <i>Allium giantium, Eustoma grandiflourm, Zantedeschia</i> spp. > <i>Lilium</i> Oriental Hybrids. And, as a result of examining the preferences for 6 plant colors, yellow and green were preferred the most, followed by white, blue, orange, and then red, showing statistical significance. The resilience of police officers showed a positive correlation with gardening activity level, multidimensional calling, job satisfaction, and plant preferences, and a negative correlation with stress level and job burnout, showing statistical significance. Regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of gardening activity level, plant cultivar and color preference, multidimensional calling measure, job burnout, stress level, and demographic variables (control variables) on resilience. The results showed that job burnout had the greatest impact on resilience. The results of this study suggest that it will be possible to increase the resilience effect for police officers with severe trauma by using mostly yellow plants when forming gardens in the streets or the workplaces of police officers, and also by using <i>Tulipa</i> spp. for spring.Conclusion: The resilience effect of the natural environment through the application of plants to police officers with severe occupational trauma could improve the quality of life and relieve stress.

Antioxidant activity and characteristics of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) syrup with the addition of Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi. L) juice

This research aimed to determine the effect of Belimbing wuluh juice addition to antioxidant activity and the characteristics of butterfly pea syrup and to determine the best concentration of Belimbing wuluh juice based on the characteristics physical chemistry of Clitoria ternatea syrup. This research used a complete randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and were continued by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level. The treatment in this research is addition of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% Belimbing wuluh juice from the weight of butterfly pea. The result showed the difference addition of starfruit juice influenced the antioxidant activity, pH, water activity, total sugar, total dissolved solid, total acid, vitamin C content, anthocyanin content, color analysis, of butterfly pea syrup. Based on the physical and chemistry the best product which is the butterfly pea syrup with 20% Belimbing wuluh juice from the weight of butterfly pea with the average value of panelist’s preference for color 4.08 (like), aroma (3.84), and taste 3.92 (like) with the results of the analysis of pH 3.83, water activity 0.821, total sugar content 65.58 %, total dissolved solids 68.43oBrix, total acid 3.78%, vitamin C 7,62 mg/100g, antioxidant activity 24,58%, anthocyanin content 0.667 mg/L, total plate number 2.63×102 CFU/ g, and color analysis 319.49 ohue (purple).

Lip Cream Formulation from Miana Leaf Extract (Coleus scutellarioides L.) As A Natural Dye


 
 
 
 Abstrack
 The miana leaves (Coleus scutellarioides L.) contain flavonoids that can provide specific dyes. The purpose of the study was to formulate miana leaf extract in lip cream preparations as natural dyes. The use of natural lip cream dyes is a solution to overcome the problem of synthetic lip cream dyes. One of the plants such as the miana leaves contains secondary metabolites, one of which is flavonoids which can provide dyes. The natural colors found in miana leaves can be used as natural dyes in cosmetics. The purpose of the study was to determine at what concentration the miana leaves produced the most optimal physical quality of color in the preparation of lip cream. The method of the research includes the manufacture of ethanol extract of miana leaves (Coleus scutellarioides L.) by maceration for 5 days with 96% ethanol solvent and followed by remeseration with the same solvent. The extract formulas used were 5%, 10%, and 15%. The evaluations included organoleptic, homogeneity test, physical test, pH test, irritation test and color preference test. The results of the lip cream preparation, the results of the organoleptic examination were declared to have a semi-solid dosage form, a distinctive odor and varied colors F1, cream color, F2 salmon red, F3 brick red, homogeneity examination results were declared homogeneous, the results of observation of the preparation did not state that there was no change on the shape, color and odor of the preparation, the average pH test results were 4.1, the test results were declared non-irritating, the result of the color preference of the three formulas that the panelists preferred was a concentration of 15% because the color was clear and very soft. Miana leaf ethanol extract can be made as a colorant in lip cream preparations.
 
 
 
 
 

Innate colour preference in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Innate (natural) colour preference in animals is used for a variety of behavioural neuroscience purposes in many animal models. In zebrafish, colour preference is often used in combination with place preference testing and some memory tests. However, baseline colour preference seems to differ in the few studies examining this innate behaviour. This necessitates a protocol for reliable colour preference testing to establish preferences prior to using more complex behavioural paradigms. This procedure involves an aquatic plus maze with a central neutral zone and 4 coloured zones: red, green, yellow, blue. Adult zebrafish spent significantly more time in the blue zone compared to the red and yellow zones. There were no sex differences in colour preference. This procedure is a rapid, affordable, straightforward, and effective method to establish baseline colour preference.

In paired preference tests, domestic chicks innately choose the colour green over red, and the shape of a frog over a sphere when both stimuli are green

Many animals express unlearned colour preferences that depend on the context in which signals are encountered. These colour biases may have evolved in response to the signalling system to which they relate. For example, many aposematic animals advertise their unprofitability with red warning signals. Predators’ innate biases against these warning colours have been suggested as one of the potential explanations for the initial evolution of aposematism. It is unclear, however, whether unlearned colour preferences reported in a number of species is truly an innate behaviour or whether it is based on prior experience. We tested the spontaneous colour and shape preferences of dark-hatched, unfed, and visually naive domestic chicks (Gallus gallus). In four experiments, we presented chicks with a choice between either red (a colour typically associated with warning patterns) or green (a colour associated with palatable cryptic prey), volume-matched spheres (representing a generalised fruit shape) or frogs (representing an aposematic animal’s shape). Chicks innately preferred green stimuli and avoided red. Chicks also preferred the shape of a frog over a sphere when both stimuli were green. However, no preference for frogs over spheres was present when stimuli were red. Male chicks that experienced a bitter taste of quinine immediately before the preference test showed a higher preference for green frog-shaped stimuli. Our results suggest that newly hatched chicks innately integrate colour and shape cues during decision making, and that this can be augmented by other sensory experiences. Innate and experience-based behaviour could confer a fitness advantage to novel aposematic prey, and favour the initial evolution of conspicuous colouration.

The ram cichlid (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) learns an associative task: a new fish species for memory research

Fish are the most species rich and evolutionarily oldest vertebrate taxon. This represents opportunities for biologists who intend to employ laboratory animals in their comparative or translational research. Yet, the overwhelming majority of such studies use a single fish species, the zebrafish, a suboptimal strategy from the comparative standpoint. Neuronal plasticity (learning and memory) is perhaps one of the most complex biological phenomena from a mechanistic standpoint, and thus its analysis could benefit from the use of evolutionarily ancient and simple vertebrate model organisms, i.e., fish species. However, learning & memory research with the zebrafish has been replete with problems. Here, we employ a novel fish species, the ram cichlid, we argue will be particularly appropriate for this purpose for practical as well as ethological/ecological reasons. First, we investigate whether the ram cichlid exhibits innate preference for certain colours (red, blue, yellow or green) in a four-choice task, the plus maze. Subsequently, we pair the apparently least preferred colour (green, the conditioned stimulus or CS) with food reward (the unconditioned stimulus, US) in the plus maze, a CS–US associative learning task. After eight pairing trials, we run a probe trial during which only the CS is presented. At this trial, we find significant preference to the CS, i.e., acquisition of memory of CS–US association. We argue that our proof-of-concept study demonstrating fast acquisition of CS–US association in the ram cichlid, coupled with the universal utility of some genome editing methods, will facilitate the mechanistic analysis of learning and memory.

HE PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF COLOURS ON CONSUMER’S BEHAVIOUR

This article aims to investigate and reveal the psychological impact of colors on consumer perception and subsequent behavior. Colour is regarded as one of the most important characteristics of an object. Through it, it is possible to influence the person, the consumer, and evoke certain emotions, which will later help draw attention to the product. As a valuable tool and an integral part of marketing communication, colours influence people subconsciously, leading to consumer preference or rejection in a "secret" and "hidden" sense. Color is a means of visual communication with a potential consumer. People form their opinions about a product or other people within the first 90 seconds of communication. The product evaluation is basically (62 to 90%) conditioned by colour preference. People's emotions and moods change over time, so every marketing professional should know the psychological impact and importance of colours and prepare their products or packaging accordingly. To deduce, how colour influences individuals may differ depending on genes, environment, age, gender, education. To sum up, colour as the marker of information, affects all segments of consumer behavior and the study of colours fosters the marketing analysis.

Using repeatability of performance within and across contexts to validate measures of behavioral flexibility.

Research into animal cognitive abilities is increasing quickly and often uses methods where behavioral performance on a task is assumed to represent variation in the underlying cognitive trait. However, because these methods rely on behavioral responses as a proxy for cognitive ability, it is important to validate that the task structure does, in fact, target the cognitive trait of interest rather than non-target cognitive, personality, or motivational traits (construct validity). Although it can be difficult, or impossible, to definitively assign performance to one cognitive trait, one way to validate that task structure is more likely to elicit performance based on the target cognitive trait is to assess the temporal and contextual repeatability of performance. In other words, individual performance is likely to represent an inherent trait when it is consistent across time and across similar or different tasks that theoretically test the same trait. Here, we assessed the temporal and contextual repeatability of performance on tasks intended to test the cognitive trait behavioral flexibility in great-tailed grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus). For temporal repeatability, we quantified the number of trials to form a color preference after each of multiple color reversals on a serial reversal learning task. For contextual repeatability, we then compared performance on the serial color reversal task to the latency to switch among solutions on each of two different multi-access boxes. We found that the number of trials to form a preference in reversal learning was repeatable across serial color reversals and the latency to switch a preference was repeatable across color reversal learning and the multi-access box contexts. This supports the idea that the reversal learning task structure elicits performance reflective of an inherent trait, and that reversal learning and solution switching on multi-access boxes similarly reflect the inherent trait of behavioral flexibility.

Colors of Mind Determines Colors of Choice – Pakistani Consumer Behavior

Color is a key factor in influencing customer purchase decisions; it shapes and visualizes products in the minds of the end-users. Color is an excellent medium for influencing consumer perceptions of a brand and shifting preferences. In the study, it was expected that color would have an impact on consumer purchasing decisions, that it might help people remember brands better, and that there might be differences in color preferences between men and women. The research also investigated whether the weather influenced customer purchasing decisions, as well as differences in color kinds and preferences and socio-cultural influences. To conduct the research, a self-made questionnaire was administered to a sample of 462 people (26 items). There was a considerable gender difference in Pakistani consumers' color choices, which suggests that color has a big impact on their purchasing decisions. Consumers' color preferences are influenced by a variety of factors, including cultural conventions and the weather. Customers' evolving requirements and desires are also linked to cultural, gendered, and personal preferences/differences in the paper's use of color psychology. Marketers/advertisers can use the findings of this study to increase consumer interest in their products/services by focusing on the power of color.

Colour preference on Picture Therapy Cards in Children With ASD

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulty understanding and concentrating. Several studies have explained that using visual therapy media, one of which is therapy cards, can help teachers and therapists maintain children’s concentration and motivation during learning. Previous research also states that ASD children have patterns of visual interest/preference for certain visual displays, in theory also explaining that visual displays affect children’s understanding and attention. One of the visual aspects on the therapy card is the colour used in the illustration on the card. This study aims to find out how colour combinations can affect children’s attention. We use a quantitative methodology with an experimental method by Chazin & Ledford. The results of the study found that autistic children prefer warm colour combinations, compared to illustrations with cool tone and monochrome combinations. Children also have better attention and motivation with cards with warm colour combinations in the illustrations. This research is expected to be useful input for teachers and therapists and can be used as a reference in making and developing visual media for children with autism.
 Keywords: autism, color, pictorial therapy cards

Effect of color on the comprehensibility of pesticide pictograms by the agricultural workers in Central India

In the central Indian context, there are some pictograms used in almost all pesticide packaging. These pictograms depict the nature of pesticides, their correct dosage and handling. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different colors (black, red, yellow, green, blue, and pink) on the comprehensibility of pesticide pictograms. Thirty farmers were selected as the participants of this study. Two tests were conducted in this study, a Comprehension test and a Ranking test. In the Comprehension test, comprehensibility for different colors of pesticide pictograms was evaluated. In the Ranking test, the participant’s preference for colors was checked for the pesticide pictograms. Maximum comprehension level was observed for the pictogram of ‘Wash after using pesticide’ (100%) for all the colors. A minimum comprehension level was observed for the pictogram of ‘How to handle liquid’ (65%) for red color. Results indicated no significant variations (p > 0.05) in comprehension levels for changes in different colors of pesticide pictograms. Results of the ranking test indicated that the users preferred Red color (mean rank 1.37) for pesticide pictograms, while Yellow (mean rank 4.54) and Pink (mean rank 4.57) colors were the least preferred colors for pesticide pictograms. The results we mentioned are for comprehension level though no significant difference was noticed, but for the ranking test red color was preferred over other colors.

Research on Chinese consumers' shell egg consumption preferences and the egg quality of functional eggs

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of egg consumption in China and the production of functional eggs, and finally enrich the types of shell egg products. Trial 1 explored the influence of egg quality on Chinese consumers' willingness to purchase eggs through a questionnaire, which investigated 1,317 consumers' preferences for egg appearance, factors influencing egg purchase, and purchase of functional eggs. The results showed that about 65% of respondents ate more than 4 eggs per wk, pink eggs were the most popular in China, about 65% of consumers preferred eggs with an egg weight of 48 to 58 grams. For functional eggs, 75.32% of consumers have never heard of them. Preferences for eggshell color and yolk color varied by geographic region, with darker colors preferred in Northeast China. Based on the survey results of functional eggs consumption in Trial 1, the dwarf layers of China Agricultural University were used in Trial 2 to produce functional eggs. The eggs are small and pink in color, which is in line with the preferences of Chinese consumers. Three hundred dwarf layers were divided into 4 groups, using the linseed oil added, marigold extract added, and yeast selenium added diets to produce normal, n-3 fatty acid-enriched, lutein-enriched and selenium-enriched eggs by feeding for 28 d, determined the eggs' nutrient content and egg quality. The results showed that the n-3 fatty acid, lutein and selenium contents of the eggs of dwarf layers were significantly increased by changing the diets and did not affect the egg weight, eggshell strength, Haugh units or the proportion of egg parts. The results of this study are helpful to understand the trend of egg consumption preferences in China, and on this basis to produce functional eggs that meet the consumers' expectations.

Purchasing decisions on date palm fruits: A quantitative analysis of the Khalas cultivar.

This study examines the attributes of date palm fruits that influence consumer purchasing decisions and measures the attributes' relative importance weights for understanding consumption patterns relative to the cultivation areas. A case study was conducted for a selected date fruit, Khalas, which is cultivated in Saudi Arabia and ranked first in the world in exported dates. Our empirical investigation is based on utilizing a proposed quantitative analysis that integrated the entropy weighting method and binary logit models. With this survey design, 486 questionnaires were collected. Analysis results revealed a ranking list of preferred attributes, with size, mellowness, price, and color being the most valued. However, this ranking list fluctuates when different cultivated types of Khalas dates are available. The results also showed that consumption patterns may change in terms of preference index and shopping location. The paper concludes with a discussion of managerial implications, limitations, and future research directions.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG KENTANG TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK BUMBU GADO-GADO

The making of gado-gado seasoning by adding potato flour is expected to get a better texture of the gado-gado seasoning. Production of potato starch has been widely marketed and easy to obtain. This study aims to examine the organoleptic properties of the gado-gado seasoning substituted with potato flour. The type of research used is experimental research. The design in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one treatment, namely the addition of potato flour with three percentages (15%, 25%,35%). The data obtained were then analyzed by the ANOVA method if there was a difference followed by Duncan's test. There are significant differences in the hedonic quality of color, aroma, taste and texture as well as the level of preference for color, aroma, taste and texture. The highest average hedonic quality and level of color preference is found in the addition of 15%, the highest average hedonic quality and aroma preference level is found in the addition of 15%, the highest average hedonic quality and taste preference level is found in the addition of 15%, the highest average hedonic quality and texture preference level found in 15% increments.

Pembuatan Kroket Berbahan Dasar Talas (Colocasia Esculenta) Dan Penambahan Krimer Nabati Dengan Isian Ikan Tongkol Berbumbu Kare

Croquettes are processed products from taro and the addition of vegetable creamer with a filling of tuna with curry spices. The aims of this study were 1) to determine the sensory quality of taro croquettes and the addition of vegetable creamer with cob curry seasoning 2) to determine the nutritional content based on laboratory tests including ash content, water content, protein, fat, and carbohydrates 3) to determine the cost of raw materials for taro croquettes . This type of research is an experiment. Techniques for collecting observational data by means of hedonic quality were carried out by 30 panelists. The independent variable of this research is the amount of creamer added. The dependent variable in this study was the organoleptic properties including shape, color, aroma, texture, taste and overall preference. The control variables in this study are the materials used, the equipment used and the manufacturing procedures. The data analysis technique in this study was a sensory test using a single ANOVA test and Duncan's advanced test. The results showed that 1) there was an effect on the sensory quality of making taro croquettes and the addition of vegetable creamer with curry cob fish filling 2) there was no effect on the production of taro croquettes and the addition of vegetable creamer 3) the selected products contained the same nutrition as or greater in the manufacture Taro croquettes filled with moringa leaves and oyster mushrooms.

한국성인의 선호색이 스트레스 반응과 충동성에 미치는 영향

한국성인의 선호색이 스트레스 반응과 충동성에 미치는 영향

Substitution Of Dragon Fruit Skin As Herbal Tea To Prevent More Nutrition (Obesity)

The research discusses the substitution of specific nutrients into food products to resemble or replace other food products with higher nutritional value. The substituted food is commonly used as an alternative food product. In this study, I will create an herbal tea using dragon fruit peel, which can help prevent or address nutritional issues. Method: This research employed an experimental design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three different treatments: P1 (dragon fruit peel with drying temperature of 40°C), P2 (dragon fruit peel with drying temperature of 50°C), and P3 (dragon fruit peel with drying temperature of 60°C). Data collection was conducted through organoleptic/hedonic (preference) tests, evaluating the taste, texture, color, and physical appearance of the prepared dragon fruit peel tea, which was given to 25 untrained panelists. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the preferred color of the herbal tea made from dragon fruit peel was found in treatment P1, with a score of 4.16, using a drying temperature of 40°C for approximately 30 minutes. The preferred aroma of the dragon fruit peel herbal tea was also found in treatment P1, with a score of 4.24, using a drying temperature of 40°C for approximately 30 minutes. The preferred taste of the dragon fruit peel herbal tea was found in treatment P1, with a score of 4.44, using a drying temperature of 40°C for approximately 30 minutes. This indicates that a lower temperature resulted in less dry dragon fruit peel, leading to more appealing color, aroma, and taste.