Digit Preference Research Articles

Community learning for marketing management and digital marketing of Jasmine Rice by Nong Hin Housewives Group, Ratchaburi Province

Background and Aim: The Nong Hin Housewives Group has been instrumental in cultivating and marketing Jasmine rice, a product renowned for its quality. However, the group faces challenges in adopting modern marketing strategies, particularly in the digital realm. This study aims to analyze the current marketing practices, identify gaps in digital marketing skills, and develop a framework for effective community learning. By leveraging digital tools, the group can enhance its marketing efforts, reach a broader audience, and increase product sales. Materials and Methods: This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Surveys were distributed to 200 community members across different generations to assess their digital media usage and preferences. In-depth interviews were conducted with key members of the Nong Hin Housewives Group to understand their marketing challenges and aspirations. Data were analyzed using statistical methods for the survey responses and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results: The findings reveal a significant disparity in digital media usage among different generations, with Facebook emerging as the most popular platform. The data indicate that 66.50% of respondents actively use Facebook for marketing purposes. The study also identified challenges related to digital literacy within the community, affecting the effective use of online marketing tools. Despite these challenges, there is a strong interest in learning and adapting to digital marketing strategies. Conclusion: The research underscores the importance of community learning in enhancing the marketing management and digital marketing capabilities of the Nong Hin Housewives Group. By investing in digital literacy training and developing tailored marketing strategies, the group can significantly improve its outreach and sales of Jasmine rice. The study emphasizes the need for ongoing support and resources to facilitate the transition into effective digital marketing practices.

Participatory Community Learning to Develop a Digital Market Management System for Community Enterprises and Stable Occupation Groups Nam Phrik Kaeng Krua Khanong, Song Khanong Subdistrict, Sam Phran District, Nakhon Pathom Province

Background and Aim: Digital Marketing Management is critical for successfully promoting products and services in the digital age. It allows businesses to reach a larger audience, interact with customers in real-time, and tailor strategies based on data insights to boost growth and brand awareness. This study investigates the digital marketing practices of the Song Khanong Occupation Group in Prik Kaeng Krua Khanong, Nakhon Pathom Province, aiming to enhance customer engagement, brand awareness, and sales outcomes by focusing on Generation Z and Baby Boomers. Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods approach was utilized, combining surveys of 200 community members on digital media usage, content preferences, brand perception, and customer satisfaction, along with interviews with key stakeholders about marketing strategies. Data analysis involved calculating mean scores to assess satisfaction with digital marketing elements. Results: Results showed high satisfaction among Generation Z, with Facebook as the preferred platform (mean score: 4.86). Infographics and videos received the highest scores (4.93 and 4.80, respectively), while Baby Boomers valued brand aesthetics (overall score: 4.77). Tools like Chatbots and QR Codes enhanced user experience significantly. Conclusion: The study underscores the need for effective digital marketing strategies in community enterprises to boost engagement and brand recognition. High satisfaction levels indicate that tailored content and a robust online presence are essential for customer retention. Future efforts should focus on continuous improvement and leveraging technology for better communication, enabling sustainable growth for community enterprises in Song Khanong.

Cultural values and digital gap: Overview of behavioral patterns.

The study uses different statistical techniques to understand the relationship between variables explaining the digital divide and classification based on The Inglehart-Welzel Cultural Map for 2023. To achieve this purpose variables focusing on Digital Penetration (the percentage of internet and social media users and mobile cellular connections), Operating Systems share (iOS and Android), Device Traffic (laptop/mobile phone-based web traffic) as well as Mobile Commerce variables (bills and payments using mobile internet) were included in the analysis. To minimize any effects arithmetic means of data was calculated.: The results from one-way ANOVA tests indicate significant differences among groups classified by cultural values for almost all measured variables of digitalization. The mean squares and F-values across variables like cellular mobile connections, internet users, and active social media users are significant indicating a shift towards more secular and self-expressive cultural values. The results of the GLM procedure show that significant portions of the total variance in digitalization variables are associated with membership in groups based on the cultural map. This suggests that cultural classifications can explain substantial differences in digital behavior and preferences across populations. Spearman's correlation coefficients showed strong positive correlations between Traditional/Secular values and several digitalization metrics, such as the use of mobile phones or the internet for payments, and negative correlations with others like share of web traffic by device type (mobile vs. laptop/computer). These correlations suggest that cultural values play a substantial role in influencing digital habits and accessibility.

Measuring non-events: infertility estimation using cross-sectional, population-based data from four countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

Does the prevalence of 12-month infertility in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, and Uganda differ between women trying to conceive and the broader population of women exposed to unprotected sex, and how are prevalence estimates affected by model assumptions and adjustments? Estimates of 12-month infertility among tryers ranged from 8% in Burkina Faso to 30% in Côte d'Ivoire, increasing substantially among a larger population of women exposed to unprotected intercourse. While having a child is a fundamental human experience, the extent to which women and couples experience infertility is a neglected area of research, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Existing estimates of infertility in this region vary widely from 2% to 32%, however, potential impacts of variability in study populations and model assumptions have not been well-examined. We used cross-sectional nationally representative survey data from Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, and Uganda. We employed a multi-stage cluster random sampling design with probability proportional to the size selection of clusters within each country to produce representative samples of women aged 15-49. Samples ranged from 3864 in Côte d'Ivoire to 9489 in Kenya. We created two analytic samples in each country-tryers and a broader sample of women exposed to unprotected sex-exploring differences in population characteristics and estimating the period prevalence of 12-month infertility using the current duration (CD) approach. We also examined the impact of several model assumptions within each of the two analytic samples, including adjustments for recent injectable contraceptive use, unrecognized pregnancy, infertility treatment, underreported contraceptive use, and sexual activity. Employing the CD approach among tryers produced an overall 12-month infertility prevalence of 7.9% (95% CI 6.6-12.7) in Burkina Faso, 29.6% (95% CI 15.3-100.0) in Côte d'Ivoire, 24.5% (95% CI 16.5-34.6) in Kenya, and 14.7% (95% CI 8.1-22.4) in Uganda. Results among women exposed to unprotected intercourse indicated much higher levels of infertility, ranging from 22.4% (95% CI 18.6-30.8) in Uganda to 63.7% (95% CI 48.8-87.9) in Côte d'Ivoire. Sensitivity analyses suggest infertility estimates are particularly sensitive to adjustments around pregnancy recognition timing and sexual activity, with little impact of adjustments for recent injectable contraceptive use, infertility treatment, and underreporting of traditional and coital dependent contraceptive use. There was substantial digit preference in responses at 12 months, particularly among the tryers, which could introduce bias. Data quality concerns in the reproductive calendar may impact the accuracy of the CD approach among the broader sample of women exposed to unprotected sex, particularly with regard to underreported contraceptive use, induced and spontaneous abortions, and unrecognized pregnancies. Lastly, we lacked information on postpartum amenorrhea or abstinence. Understanding the inconsistencies in definition and analytic approach and their implications for infertility estimation is important for reliably monitoring population-level infertility trends, identifying factors influencing infertility, improving prevention programs, and ensuring access to quality treatment and services. This study was supported by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (INV009639) and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K01HD107172). The funders were not involved in the study design, analyses, manuscript writing, or the decision to publish. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. N/A.

Anomalous distributions of birthdates across days of the month: An analysis using Spanish statistical records

This study investigates birthdate patterns in a context of well-established civil registers and intensive migration inflows. Leveraging extensive Spanish microdata on residential variation flows and the Spanish Municipality Register, this research reveals new facets of the distributions of immigrants’ birthdates across days of the month that differ significantly from those of non-migrants. The registered days of the month for birthdates are categorized into six distinct types based on the assumption that the anomalous distributions of birthdates will display rounding or simplifying patterns (digit preferences). The investigation reveals important anomalies in the distribution of birthdates that are much more pronounced for immigrants. A notable concentration of recorded birthdates is confirmed within all the designated types, contrasted by an under-recording of births on the remaining days of the month. These anomalies depend primarily on migrants’ country of origin and age group. The paper ends by proposing some recommendations for mitigating the anomalies.

Assessment of the Need for Designing an Interactive Educational Tool on Exophytic Lesions of the Oral Mucosa.

Introduction This study sought to evaluate the necessity of creating an interactive educational resource for instructing dental students on oral exophytic lesions. It also aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a questionnaire designed to assess the quality of educational software tailored to these lesions. Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 102 dental students from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran, who had completed the theoretical course on oral exophytic lesions. A paper questionnaire, including 23 items, assessed their clinical knowledge, the efficacy and limitations of existing educational resources, and the need for interactive electronic courseware (e-courseware). The questionnaire's validity and reliability were evaluated through expert feedback and statistical measures (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha). Results Students' answers to the seven items about evaluating their clinical diagnosis knowledge of oral exophytic lesions were between four and five items correct on average. This finding indicated that students' overall skill in diagnosing exophytic lesions was poor to moderate.The study highlighted a moderate level of self-assessed clinical ability in diagnosing oral exophytic lesions among students (62.7%), with a preference for textbooks and color atlases as primary information sources. The disadvantages of existing electronic resources were noted, alongside a strong student consensus (88.23%) on the need for interactive e-courseware featuring comprehensive, visually engaging content for differential diagnosis education. The reliability and validity analyses of the questionnaire underscored its appropriateness for assessing educational needs. In this regard, ICC for the usability of scientific context, training ability, and interaction was 0.92, 0.73, and 0.82, respectively. Also, Cronbach's alpha score was at 0.90. Conclusion The research underscores a significant gap in dental students' knowledge and diagnostic skills regarding oral exophytic lesions. It emphasizes the critical need for an innovative, interactive educational tool that aligns with contemporary students' digital learning preferences. The envisioned e-courseware would facilitate self-learning and address current resources' limitations, potentially transforming dental education by enhancing clinical diagnostic skills through accessible, effective, and engaging digital content.

O05 TERMINAL DIGIT PATTERN IN COMMUNITY-BASED HYPERTENSION SCREENING PROGRAMS: 5-YEAR ANALYSIS FROM MAY MEASURE MONTH NEPAL

Background and Objectives: Terminal digit preference leads to misclassification of hypertension. Despite strong promotion of community-based hypertension screening, the extent of terminal digit preference in such programs is not well understood. We aimed to identify the proportion of blood pressure (BP) ending in zero, and factors associated with the most repeated digit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from May Measure Month (MMM) Nepal 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021, and 2022. Participants with available data on the type of BP monitors were included. In MMM Nepal, adults≥18 years of age were eligible and recruited via convenience sampling. Data enumerators are community health workers or college students trained for BP measurement through short trainings. Without bias, the proportion of BP ending in zero is expected to be 10% and 20% for automated and manual monitors, respectively. Results: A total of 48,442 participant were included with 29.2% age≥50 years and 51.8% females. BP appeared to be normally distributed with “spikes” at terminal digits of zero (Figure 1). 90.9% of participants were measured their BP with automated monitors and 8.1% with manual monitors. The proportion of BP ending in zero was about 1.7 and 4.8 times greater than the expected proportion using automated and manual monitors, respectively (automated: 17.0% [SBP], 16.7% [DBP], manual: 95.3% [SBP], 93.8% [DBP]). Logistic regression showed age≥50 (OR 1.13 [95%CI 1.06, 1.20]) and SBP≥140mmHg (1.63 [1.49, 1.78]) were associated with SBP ending in zero, and age≥50 (1.14 [1.08, 1.22]) and DBP≥90 mmHg (2.11 [1.96, 2.28]) were associated with DBP ending in zero, both after controlling for sex, smoking, alcohol use, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, antihypertensive medicine use, and the type of BP monitors used. Conclusion: The proportion of BP ending in zero was higher than expected with any type of BP monitors used. More studies are needed to investigate whether these distributions were by chance or due to errors.

Consumer Behavior in Online Shopping: A Comparative Analysis of Generational Differences

The consumer behavior in online shopping across different generations, focusing on Millennials, Generation X, and Baby Boomers. With the proliferation of e-commerce platforms, understanding how generational cohorts engage with online shopping is crucial for businesses aiming to effectively target and cater to diverse consumer preferences. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, this comparative analysis explores factors influencing online purchase decisions, including trust in online retailers, perceived risks, shopping motivations, and preferences for digital payment methods. variations in consumer behavior among generational cohorts. Millennials, characterized by their digital proficiency and preference for convenience, exhibit a higher propensity for online shopping and are more likely to embrace emerging technologies such as mobile commerce and social media influencers. In contrast, Generation X consumers prioritize product reviews and brand reputation when making online purchases, emphasizing trust and reliability in e-commerce transactions. Baby Boomers, while increasingly adopting online shopping for convenience, express concerns about data security and prefer traditional payment methods.

A community-academic partnered approach to designing a Virtual Village to address the needs of older adults living with HIV

ABSTRACT Many older adults living with HIV face unique challenges, including comorbidities, loneliness, and isolation. This community-academic partnered study elicited viewpoints from older adults living with HIV about the characteristics of a digital environment (“Virtual Village”) to combat against loneliness and isolation. We utilized Choice-Based Conjoint Analyses to determine preferred attributes of a Virtual Village. We also conducted focus groups and interviews with older adults living with HIV and used an iterative, data-driven approach to systematically identify emergent themes. Participants (N = 82) were aged 50–82 years and racially/ethnically diverse. The majority were men (78%), gay (66%), and lived with HIV for ≥15 years (83%). Cost was the factor that most drove participants’ preference for joining a Virtual Village. Thematic concerns included lack of technological confidence, internet access, potential for harassment in digital environments, privacy, and preference for in-person interactions. Praises centered on convenience and making connections across geographic distances. Participants emphasized the need for purposive strategies to form a cohesive and supportive community for older adults living with HIV. A moderated environment was recommneded to create a safe, structured, and comfortable digital environment for older adults living with HIV. A Virtual Village should be viewed as a bridge to in-person interactions.

Exploring Consumer Preferences and Behaviour Toward Digital Payment Gateways in India

This study explores consumer behaviour and preferences towards digital payment gateways in India, focusing on the factors that drive consumer choices and satisfaction. A structured survey with a stratified random sample of 1,000 respondents across India was conducted between January and April 2024. The study is grounded in three hypotheses, testing the differences in perceived convenience, trust in security, and the impact of cashback and rewards on consumer recommendations for digital payment platforms such as Phone-Pe, Google Pay, and Paytm. Statistical analyses were used to scrutinize the data, including ANOVA, chi-square tests, and Pearson’s correlation. Key findings indicate significant differences in convenience and trust levels among platforms, with convenience and rewards strongly correlating with consumer recommendations. The results suggest that enhancing convenience and security perception alongside attractive reward schemes can significantly influence consumer adoption and loyalty. Although this study offers useful information for stakeholders seeking to optimize digital transactions in emerging markets, it also has significant implications for complex preferences in Indian digital payment systems. The implications of these findings extend to the strategic development of tailored and consumer-friendly digital payment solutions. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the need for continuous innovation in digital payment technologies to better meet consumers' evolving demands. Implementing robust security measures and user-centric design can help build trust and simplify the payment process, thereby increasing user engagement and satisfaction. This research adds to the existing body of knowledge on digital payment preferences and provides a solid foundation for future strategic developments in this rapidly growing field.

Developing and Validating a Perceived Digital Customer Value Scale in Restaurants

ABSTRACT Customers are switching to being “digital customers” when interacting with restaurants more digitally than traditionally. Therefore, the current study aims to create a multidimensional scale for measuring perceived digital customer value derived from ordering and payment functionalities in restaurants. Seven stages were taken in the development of the scale; the first was qualitative for item generation, and the other steps were quantitative for empirically establishing the scale’s psychometric qualities. Four hundred twenty-five customers filled out the questionnaires from two different types of restaurants (i.e. fast-food and casual dining restaurants) in Cairo, Egypt. This study found five dimensions of the perceived digital customer value scale: price, hedonic, experiential, transient, and service quality. This measurement helps restaurants comprehend digital customer behavior and change customer preferences and interactions in a digitalized environment. Accordingly, the study extends customer value theory and previous models within the hospitality industry, addresses gaps in the literature, and improves understanding of customer value in digital transformation. The developed multidimensional scale helps restaurant management understand their digital customers’ preferences and deliver value that meets their desires in a digital transformation.

Determinants of Digitalization in Unorganized Localized Neighborhood Retail Outlets in India

The increase in digital disruptions and changing preferences of different stakeholders has led to digital adoption in all hierarchies of business ecosystem. This study focused on the identification of the determinants of digitalization in unorganized small, localized retail outlets (Kirana stores) of an emerging economy. A theoretical model was constructed with certain modifications based on technology adoption models such as Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) to study the impact on business performance in general and as an effect of pandemic. A survey of 285 Unorganized Localized Retail Outlets Stores from different regions of India was used to validate this theoretical model, and structural equation modeling was then further employed. The findings underscore that cost, compatibility, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness significantly affect the intention to digitalize. By addressing the post-pandemic impact of digitalization within an unorganized sector in an emerging economy, this study adds to the scant literature that exists in this context.

Does digital finance drive the green level of transportation companies? Coordination effects of governmental digital preference

This paper examines the influence of digital finance (DF) on the green level of transportation companies (GLTC, n = 112) listed on the Chinese A-share market from 2011 to 2021 through moderation and mediation models. According to the conclusions, first, a significantly positive correlation exists between DF and GLTC. Second, DF indirectly promotes GLTC by enhancing corporate value and alleviating financing constraints. Both enterprise value and financing constraints have a chain mediation effect. Third, the government's digital preference can enhance the role of DF in promoting GLTC and alleviating financing constraints. In addition, governmental digital preference can moderate the impact of financing constraints on GLTC. Fourth, the effect of DF on GLTC exhibits regional, scale, and ownership heterogeneities. Drawing on the conclusions of the empirical analysis, several pertinent recommendations are proposed from micro and macro perspectives.

Digital learning preferences of Arabic-speaking older immigrants in Canada: A qualitative case study

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of digital inclusion for equitable and healthy aging. Older immigrants experience unique needs and challenges in using information and communication technologies compared to other older adults. Despite the proliferation of digital learning programs for older adults, there is minimal evidence of digital literacy learning needs and strategies relevant to older immigrants. The aim of this study is to explore learning approaches and digital engagement amongst Arabic-speaking older immigrants. This community-based qualitative descriptive study used co-designed group digital learning sessions. Two organizations supporting local ethnocultural communities in a municipality in Alberta, Canada recruited 31 older immigrants who spoke Arabic, Farsi, and Kurdish. Data collection included semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and observations of digital learning sessions. A total of seventeen learning sessions were completed with nineteen participants each attending five to six sessions. Findings highlight the iterative nature of the program sessions, the importance of catering to participants’ interests, the relevance of peer support, and language, sensory and digital variability barriers to learning. Digital literacy programs for immigrant older adults should adjust for language learning needs, maintain a flexible approach, tailor lessons to individual needs, foster social support, and address external factors such as limited digital access and transportation barriers.

Youth and Contemporary Cultures: Bible and African Youth’s Engagement with Technology

This research paper examines the intricate relationship between African youth, technology, and the Bible, highlighting the profound impact of contemporary digital cultures on the religious experiences and practices of young people in Africa. In an era characterized by unprecedented advancements in technology and rapid globalization, the intersection of faith and digital innovation emerged as a compelling subject of study. This research investigates the multifaceted ways in which African youth engage with the Bible through various technological mediums, such as smartphones, social media, and digital applications. The paper begins by contextualizing the religious landscape in Africa and the enduring significance of the Bible as a spiritual guide and cultural touchstone for diverse African communities. It then explores the evolving digital habits and preferences of African youth, showcasing the pivotal role of technology in shaping their daily lives. Through an extensive review of the literature, the study reveals how digital platforms have become dynamic spaces for religious expression, community building, and the dissemination of religious knowledge among African youth. Furthermore, the research examines the challenges and opportunities that arise from this intersection of faith and technology, including issues related to authenticity, interpretation, and religious authority. It also sheds light on the potential for digital technologies to bridge geographical and cultural divides, fostering a sense of global interconnectedness among African youth with shared religious beliefs. In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of the intricate dynamics between youth, contemporary cultures, the Bible, and technology in Africa. It underscores the need for nuanced perspectives on the impact of digitalization on religious practices and offers insights into how African youth navigate the complexities of faith and technology in their pursuit of spiritual meaning and identity within an evolving globalized world

A qualitative exploration of advantages and disadvantages to using technology in the process of randomised controlled trial recruitment.

Despite its importance, recruiting a sufficient sample size for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can pose a significant challenge, which has real-world impact on reliability of evidence, trial completion and ultimately, patient care. Technology has potential to enhance the recruitment process, but there is a lack of evidence regarding its current use and effectiveness. Consistent with findings from the PRioRiTy I study, the current research aims to explore the advantages and disadvantages to using technology during the recruitment process for RCTs. Semi-structured interviews (n=7) were conducted with researchers involved in RCT recruitment in Ireland. Subsequently, a Public & Patient Involvement (PPI) panel focus group (n=3) was conducted to add further depth to these findings. The data were qualitatively analysed through 'Reflexive Thematic Analysis' to extract prominent themes. A superordinate theme arose: 'Tech is just a medium so that you can reach more people', along with two themes, which were corroborated by the PPI focus group: 'Technology is used if and when the benefits outweigh the costs' and 'Success of recruitment through technology depends on the nature of the study.' This study provided a deeper understanding of the factors which influence researchers to employ technology in recruitment for RCTs. Implications suggest that future researchers should aim to adapt their recruitment approaches to meet digital tool preferences of their target cohort; and engage with patient groups in the community to allow networking opportunities for future studies. This research may contribute towards maximising efficiency in RCT recruitment.

Digital interventions for STI and HIV partner notification: a scoping review

BackgroundPartner notification (PN) is key to the control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Digital interventions have been used to facilitate PN. A scoping review was...

A STUDY ON CROSS CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING’S IMPACT ON YOUTH IN CHENNAI AND DUBAI WITH REFERENCE TO ZESTLOGIC SYSTEMS PVT LTD

In the era of digital transformation, Organization embarked on a comprehensive study to explore the dynamics of social media use, marketing perceptions, and digital content consumption among 345 participants. Utilizing statistical methods such as Spearman's rho correlation, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test, this research investigates the interrelationships between social media and marketing strategies within the framework of IT services like cloud computing, data analytics, operational technologies, IoT, and patent portfolio management. Supported by primary data collected through questionnaires via email and WhatsApp, this time-bound study connects demographic data with respondent behaviors to analyze the influences on buyer decisions. The goal is to use these insights to enhance Organization's marketing strategies, with the possibility for further studies to deepen understanding of various influential factors. The findings indicate significant correlations between social media engagement and brand perception, underscoring the importance of culturally sensitive and authentic marketing strategies. The study identifies specific digital engagement behaviors and preferences, emphasizing the need for Organization to tailor its marketing efforts to better meet audience expectations. Recommendations include refining marketing strategies to better align with consumer preferences and enhancing the cultural relevance of campaigns to boost marketing effectiveness. Keywords: Social media marketing, digital content consumption, demographic analysis, culturally sensitive marketing, buyer behavior.

The Digital Behavioral Patterns and Preferences of Millennials within Indonesia's Political Digital Landscape: A Case Study

This study investigates the interaction dynamics between Indonesian millennials and digital media platforms, particularly within the political context. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, surveys were conducted among individuals aged 15 to 18, complemented by focus group discussions. The study examined their comprehension of digital media, content consumption preferences, and proficiency in digital literacy, with data analyzed using Excel 2021. The findings indicate that Indonesian millennials possess a profound understanding of digital media, exhibiting a strong preference for entertainment-oriented content such as movies, text messages, and digital videos. Concurrently, they continue to engage with political news via online media platforms and television broadcasts. The study also reveals a high level of awareness among millennials regarding the significance of digital literacy, reflecting their adeptness in critically evaluating and validating information sources. These outcomes provide significant insights into millennials' potential contributions to digital politics, underscoring their status as engaged citizens in the digital.

Understanding Media Consumption Habits of Gen Z in Metaverse and Virtual Reality Project

Generation Z, born amidst the digital revolution, navigates a media landscape vastly different from previous generations. Their unique habits, characterized by mobile-first content, community-driven engagement, and a preference for short-form, interactive experiences, present both challenges and opportunities for emerging technologies like the Metaverse and Virtual Reality (VR). This research embarks on an exploratory journey, delving into the nexus between Gen Z's media consumption patterns and their potential adoption of these immersive realities. Through a mixed-methods approach, the research will analyze how Gen Z's digital media preferences, ranging from short-form video platforms to online communities, influence their perception and potential engagement with the Metaverse and VR. In-depth interviews and focus groups will uncover their desired features and functionalities within these virtual environments, ensuring alignment with their existing media consumption habits. Additionally, content analysis of online forums and social media discussions will provide valuable insights into their concerns and expectations surrounding these new frontiers. By understanding the interplay between Gen Z's media consumption and their potential engagement with the Metaverse and VR, this research aims to achieve several key objectives. Firstly, it seeks to identify the potential influence of their media habits on their willingness to adopt these technologies. Secondly, it aims to explore their desired functionalities and the types of content they envision within these virtual spaces. Furthermore, the research strives to investigate the role of online communities and influencers in shaping their attitudes and decisions regarding the Metaverse and VR. Finally, it seeks to address the potential risks and ethical considerations associated with Gen Z's participation in these immersive realities, aiming to pave the way for a more inclusive and responsible digital future.