Prefectures In China Research Articles

Application of compound poisson model to estimate underreported risk of non-communicable diseases in underdeveloped areas

BackgroundHypertension and diabetes are major components of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with a substantial number of patients residing in underdeveloped areas. Limited medical resources in these areas often results in underreporting of disease prevalence, masking the true extent of diseases. Taking the underdeveloped Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in China as an example, this study aimed to correct the underreported prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes so as to provide inspiration for the allocation of medical resources in such areas. MethodsAssuming the true number of patients in each area follows a Poisson distribution, we applied a Compound Poisson Model based on Clustering of Data Quality (CPM-CDQ) to estimate the potential true prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, as well as the registration rate of existing patients. Specifically, a hierarchical clustering approach was utilized to group the counties based on the data quality, and then the registration rate of the cluster with the best data quality was used as a priori information for the model. The model parameters were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the model. ResultsThe estimated prevalence of hypertension in the entire Liangshan Prefecture from 2018 to 2020 ranged from 24.59 % to 25.28 %, and for diabetes, it ranged from 4.95 % to 8.42 %. The registration rates for hypertension and diabetes were 14.10 % to 24.59 % and 15.98 % to 29.12 %, respectively. Additionally, the accuracy of clustering the counties with the best data quality had a significant impact on the performance of the model. ConclusionLiangshan Prefecture is experiencing a significant high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, accompanied by a concerningly low registration rate. The CPM-CDQ proved useful for assessing underreporting risks and facilitating targeted interventions for NCDs control and prevention, particularly in underdeveloped areas.

Inclusive finance and regional tourism economy: The role of total factor productivity

Tourism economy is a key component of a region's GDP. Taking advantage of a panel data of 267 prefectures in China between 2010 and 2022, this research investigates the impact of inclusive finance on regional tourism economic development. We find that inclusive finance initiatives can significantly improve the tourism industry. In addition, we find total factor productivity substantially strengthens the positive relationship between inclusive finance and regional tourism economy. This study contributes to the burgeoning research on the consequences of inclusive finance and regional development.

Diachronic change in the linguistic landscape in the Yi ethnic community in China: an apparent-time study

ABSTRACT This research utilises an apparent-time approach to interrogate changes in the linguistic landscape of Xichang City, the capital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in China, over the past two decades. By examining a variety of public signage installed in different periods, this study found that both official and private signs have shifted from monolingualism to bilingualism or multilingualism. The official signs afforded space for the Yi script in addition to Chinese. By contrast, the proliferation of bilingual or multilingual signs on private stores occurred at the expense of Yi. The diachronic variation of private signage is indicative of the decline of the Yi language and reflects uneven power relations that favour Chinese and English. This study contributes to the methodological approach to linguistic landscape research by using signs of chain stores as evidence to reflect a multilayered and historically mediated diachronic change. It also showcases that the apparent-time approach serves as an effective way to trace changes in linguistic landscapes over time, which are not discernible through a synchronic approach.

Disaggregating National Statistical Data to Assess the Sub-National SDG 6.4.2 Water Stress Indicator by Integrating Satellite Observations and Model Data

Ensuring the sustainable management of water and sanitation for all is the primary goal of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). SDG indicator 6.4.2 (level of water stress) is critical for monitoring the progress toward SDG 6. The assessment of the SDG indicator 6.4.2 is currently based on statistical data at the national scale, i.e., one value for one country, which cannot reflect spatial variability in water stress in a country. The lack of data at sub-national scales limits the assessment of water stress in sub-national regions. This study developed a method of disaggregating national statistical renewable water resources (TRWR) and freshwater withdrawals (TFWW) to estimate the SDG 6.4.2 water stress indicator at a sub-national scale by combining satellite remote sensing data and model simulated data. Remote sensing (RS)-based precipitation (P); the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration (P-ET); and the difference between precipitation, evapotranspiration, terrestrial water storage change (P-ET-dS), and model-simulated naturized runoff and withdrawal water use were used as spatial and temporal surrogates to disaggregate the national-scale statistics of TRWR and TFWW to the grid scale. Gridded TRWR and TFWW can be used to calculate the water stress of any interest regions. Disaggregated TRWR, TFWW, and water stress estimation were validated at three different spatial scales, from major river basins and provinces to prefectures in China, by comparing the corresponding statistical data. The results show that the disaggregation for TRWR is generally better than for TFWW, and the overall accuracy for water stress estimation can reach up to 91%. The temporal evolution of disaggregated variables also showed good consistency with statistical time series data. The RS-based P-ET and P-ET-dS have great potential for disaggregating TRWR at different spatiotemporal scales, with no obvious differences with the results using the model simulation as a surrogate for the disaggregation of SDG indicator 6.4.2. The disaggregation accuracy can be further improved when the sub-regional statistical data of TRWR and TFWW are applied to the disaggregation approach.

삼국~통일신라시대 다각형 건물의 축조시기와 특징

The polygonal buildings from the Three Kingdoms Period are deemed related to religious buildings associated with temples, namely wooden pagodas. With the investigation of a presumed palace site inside Hwandosanseong Fortress in Ji’an Prefecture of China and Najeong, the well, in the west of Namsan Mountain in Gyeongju, the polygonal buildings are seen as facilities related to national rituals. In addition, there were discussions about their characteristics with the investigation of polygonal building sites in fortresses located in the Hanggang River basin in the Gyeonggi-do region. The examination of polygonal buildings investigated in Korea showed that Goguryeo and Silla chose octagonal buildings and Baekje, dodecagonal buildings during the Three Kingdoms Period. In the Silla region, in particular, octagonal buildings constructed around ancient tombs with stone chamber tombs with a tunnel entrance and rectangular stonework are deemed ceremonial facilities related to tomb rituals. In this light, most polygonal building sites are presumed to have been constructed around the 9th century, the later years of the Unified Silla Dynasty, other than those constructed during the Three Kingdoms Period, and the dates could be presumed with the earthenware excavated in Hanam Iseongsanseong Fortress. It is a building related to rituals as it coexists with the rectangular stonework adjacent to the tombs. In conclusion, polygonal buildings are deemed ceremonial facilities related to national, local, and tomb rituals during the Three Kingdoms to the Unified Silla Dynasty Periods.

Sustainable tourism in China: Visualization of low-carbon transitions at three tourist attractions across three occasions

The presence of tourists and the absence of scientific evidence exacerbate the silence of alarming destructions at China's minority tourist attractions. The yearly tourist arrival to resident ratio reaches 26.5 at minority attractions—the Miao-Dong Autonomous Prefecture in China, which is higher than 16.3 in Venice, Italy. Overtourism motivates us to develop a low-carbon transition evaluation system at three Dong culture attractions. Based on the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response framework (DPSIR), we develop a low-carbon transition evaluation system and then, evaluate low-carbon transitions at three minority tourist attractions in 2010, 2012, and 2017. Our three-dimensional visualization reveals the changes (Liping and Tongdao upgrade from fair to average and good ratings over time) or the lack thereof (Sanjiang shows no improvement) in low-carbon transitions. This study provides a foundation and a step-by-step process to design, develop, and apply a tailor-made low-carbon transition evaluation system for minority tourist attractions in China. Our rigorous research methodology verifies the actual situations and demonstrates the first evidence of its validity. Visualization offers profound practical implications to scholars and practitioners in tourism research. Future scientists in socio-economic planning sciences may follow our approach, incorporate local rich characteristics, and replicate our visualization of low-carbon transitions in other locations, globally. Our methodology helps decision-makers identify and mitigate the most vulnerable sectors in the ecological and environmental niche and optimize sustainable tourism. We nudge government organizations and business enterprises in the tourism industry to strengthen environmental awareness, engage in systematic socio-economic planning and construction, and promote green tourism.

Modern banking development during natural disasters: Evidence from the early 20th century China

How do commercial banks react to natural disasters? Using data for 375 droughts in 262 prefectures in China during 1906–1927, we find that drought-affected prefectures have more private bank inceptions than unaffected ones. The results remain robust to socioeconomic characteristics, foreign market exposure, and conditions of neighboring prefectures. This effect is driven by the prefectures with more agriculture-dependent enterprises, suggesting that banks meet local financial demand. On the other hand, new banks would enter less when the prefecture has more incumbent banks connected to drought-free areas. We argue that capital size and the network of capital reallocation are two advantages of banks coping with natural disasters over alternative financing vehicles such as pawn shops and foreign banks. In addition, the effect is greater among the prefectures practicing common law and with greater social capital, consistent with existing studies that bank credit supply depends on creditor rights protection. Finally, we show that drought-affected regions with more private bank inceptions have better development in agricultural businesses and social stability.

Migration and resource misallocation in China

We structurally estimate the firm-level frictions across prefectures in China and quantify their aggregate and distributional implications. Based on a general equilibrium model with input and output distortions and migration, we show that the firm-level frictions are less dispersed and less correlated with firm productivity in richer prefectures. Counterfactual exercises show that reducing the within-prefecture misallocation increases aggregate welfare, discourages migration toward large prefectures, and reduces spatial inequality. Moreover, internal migration alleviates micro-frictions’ impacts on aggregate welfare and worsens their effects on spatial inequality.

The association of heatwave with drowning mortality in five provinces of China

Drowning is a serious public health problem in the world. Several studies have found that ambient temperature is associated with drowning, but few have investigated the effect of heatwave on drowning. This study aimed to explore the associations between heatwave and drowning mortality, and further estimate the mortality burden of drowning attributed to heatwave in China. Drowning mortality data were collected in 71 prefectures in China during 2013–2018 from provincial vital register system. Meteorological data at the same period were collected from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was first to explore the association between heatwave and drowning mortality in each prefecture. Secondly, the prefecture-specific associations were pooled using meta-analysis. Finally, attributable fractions (AFs) of drowning deaths caused by heatwave were estimated. Compared to normal day, the mortality risk of drowning significantly increased during heatwave (RR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.18–1.23). Higher risks were observed in males (RR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.20–1.27) than females (RR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.13–1.23), in children aged 5–14 years old (RR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.15–1.33) than other age groups, in urban city (RR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.28–1.36) than rural area (RR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.07–1.12) and in Jilin province (RR = 2.85, 95%CI: 1.61–5.06) than other provinces. The AF of drowning deaths due to heatwave was 11.4 % (95%CI: 10.0 %–12.9 %) during heatwave and 1.0 % (95%CI: 0.9 %–1.1 %) during study period, respectively. Moreover, the AFs during study period were higher for male (1.2 %, 95%CI: 1.0 %–1.3 %), children 5–14 years (1.1 %, 95%CI: 0.7 %–1.6 %), urban city (1.6 %, 95%CI: 1.4 %–1.8 %) than their correspondents. These differences were also observed in AFs during heatwave. We found that heatwave may significantly increase the mortality risk of drowning mortality, and its mortality burden attributable to heatwave was noteworthy. Targeted intervention should be carried out to decrease drowning mortality during heatwave.

The impact of intergenerational income mobility on internal migration in China

AbstractThis study examines the impact of income mobility on internal migration across prefectures in China. We use income intergenerational persistence to evaluate income mobility and find that migrants prefer cities with higher income mobility. We further use the instrumental variable estimation and a set of robustness tests to verify the reliability of our findings. The influence is larger among women, the elderly, and the less‐educated, while the economic prosperity of destinations could relatively offset the negative effect of lower income mobility on migration. Additionally, higher mobility not only attracts but also retains migrants, hence benefiting the local economy. Through further exploration, we find that the real migration influencing factor underlying the higher income mobility is the higher job mobility, indicating that the real pursuit of Chinese migrants is the increased access to suitable job opportunities.

Construction of Nature Reserves’ Ecological Security Pattern Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China

Human activities are constantly affecting ecological space, and the construction of ecological security patterns to ensure ecological security has become an issue that must be considered for sustainable development. At present, little attention has been paid to the ecological security of cities with a high number of nature reserves. In this study, we took Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in China, which has many nature reserves, as the research object to construct an ecological security pattern with nature reserves as ecological sources. Firstly, Fragstats 4.2 and ArcGIS 10.4 were used to obtain the ecological risk evaluation results of the study area landscape. Secondly, a “nature–society–landscape” resistance factor system and an ecological resistance surface were constructed using a minimum resistance model. Finally, the ecological safety zone of the nature reserve was divided, and the ecological safety pattern of the nature reserve was established. (1) The ecological risk of the study area shows a spatial distribution pattern of “low in the northwest and high in the southeast”, with low and moderate-low ecological risk dominating; (2) The study area has formed an ecological security pattern consisting of 9 ecological sources, 35 ecological nodes, 8 ecological corridors with a total length of 702.96 km and 4 ecological safety zones; (3) The ecological security pattern of nature reserves in the study area was divided into four categories: low, medium, high and moderate-high ecological safety zones, accounting for 20.62%, 27.34%, 24.48% and 27.55%, respectively. This study provides a new framework for the construction of urban ecological safety patterns and offers scientific guidance for the conservation and management of nature reserves and urban ecology.

Digital adherence technologies to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in China: a cluster-randomised superiority trial

Drug-sensitive tuberculosis treatment requires 6 months of therapy, so adherence problems are common. Digital adherence technologies might improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a daily reminder medication monitor, monthly review of adherence data by the health-care provider, and differentiated care for patients with adherence issues, on tuberculosis treatment adherence and outcomes. We did a cluster-randomised superiority trial across four prefectures in China. 24 counties or districts (clusters) were randomly assigned (1:1) to intervention or control groups. We enrolled patients aged 18 years or older with GeneXpert-positive, rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis, who were receiving daily fixed-dose combination treatment. Patients in the intervention group received a medication monitor for daily drug-dosing reminders, monthly review of adherence data by health-care provider, and management of poor adherence; and patients in the control group received routine care (silent-mode monitor-measured adherence). Only the independent endpoints review committee who assessed endpoint data for some participants were masked to study group assignment. Patients were followed up (with sputum solid culture) at 12 and 18 months. The primary outcome was a composite of death, loss to follow-up, treatment failure, switch to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, or tuberculosis recurrence by 18 months from treatment start, analysed in the intention-to-treat population. Analysis accounted for study design with multiple imputation for the primary outcome. This trial is now complete and is registered with ISRCTN, 35812455. Between Jan 26, 2017, and April 3, 2019, 15 257 patients were assessed for eligibility and 3074 were enrolled, 2686 (87%) of whom were included in the intention-to-treat population. 1909 (71%) of 2686 patients were male, 777 (29%) were female, and the median age was 44 years (IQR 29-58). By 18 months from treatment start, using multiple imputation for missing outcomes, 239 (16% [geometric mean of cluster-level proportion]) of 1388 patients in the control group and 224 (16%) of 1298 in the intervention group had a primary composite outcome event (289 [62%] of 463 events were loss to follow-up during treatment and 42 [9%] were tuberculosis recurrence). The intervention had no effect on risk of the primary composite outcome (adjusted risk ratio 1·01, 95% CI 0·73-1·40). Our digital medication monitor intervention had no effect on unfavourable outcomes, which included loss to follow-up during treatment, tuberculosis recurrence, death, and treatment failure. There was a failure to change patient management following identification of treatment non-adherence at monthly reviews. A better understanding of adherence patterns and how they relate to poor outcomes, coupled with a more timely review of adherence data and improved implementation of differentiated care, may be required. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Does agricultural water-saving policy improve food security? Evidence from the Yellow River Basin in China

Abstract For our empirical research, the 2012 implementation of China's National Agricultural Water-Saving Outline serves as a quasi-experiment. In addition, one of the main regions in China for grain production is the Yellow River Basin. Based on this, we utilize a Difference-in-Difference (DID) empirical technique to assess the impact of the agricultural water-saving policy on food security using data from prefectures in China's Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020. According to the estimated results, grain production has greatly increased as a result of the agricultural water-saving policy. This conclusion still holds when other water-related policies are considered. The agricultural water-saving policy may enhance other input factors in grain production by assuring water demand, which is one possible mechanism of the influence. The empirical results show that the policy indeed increases the water productivity in agricultural production, which will ensure the effective water utilization in agricultural production, and the grain sown area, which is the most important production factor in agriculture. In heterogeneity analysis, the impact of the policy on food security is the largest in the lower reach, followed by the middle reach and the smallest in the upper reach in the Yellow River Basin.

The Chinese Communist Party and regulatory transparency in China's food industry.

While it is widely accepted that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) occupies a dominant position in the Chinese political system, few studies have demonstrated CCP's dominant position based on rigorous statistical analysis. Our paper presents the first such analysis using an innovative measure of regulatory transparency in the food industry across nearly 300 prefectures in China over 10 years. We show that actions by the CCP, while broadly scoped and not targeting the food industry, significantly improved regulatory transparency in the industry. In sharp contrast, food-industry-specific interventions by the State Council, which exercises direct regulatory supervision of the industry, had no impact on regulatory transparency. These results hold in various specifications and robustness checks. Our research contributes to research in China's political system by empirically and explicitly demonstrating the dominating power of the CCP.

Institutional Pressures, Policy Attention, and e-Government Service Capability: Evidence from China’s Prefecture-Level Cities

Exploring the “institutional pressures – policy attention – innovation performance” link is essential for public managers to address the differentiated development between regions for e-government service capability (EGSC). This study examines the influence of institutional pressures on EGSC, and mediation roles of e-government attention between them by integrating attention-based view and neo-institutional theory. By analyzing a panel dataset from 333 prefectures in China, we identify EGSC, policy attention, and three types of institutional pressures, namely coercive, mimetic, and normative (media and public). Empirical evidence reveals that coercive, mimetic, public normative pressure had significant positive impacts on EGSC. Furthermore, e-government attention mediated the effects of coercive, mimetic, and public normative pressure on EGSC, respectively. The findings enrich our understanding of the crucial role of policy attention in explaining the e-government performance differentiation phenomenon accompanied by institutional pressures.

Trends in ethnic disparities in clinical cardiovascular health among Chinese adults from 2016–2020

Background and aimsLittle is known about the long-term trends in ethnic differences in cardiovascular health (CVH) in China in recent years. This study aimed to investigate ethnic differences in CVH and identify long-term trends in China. Methods and resultsThis survey was based on the physical examination data of Tacheng Prefecture in China from 2016 to 2020, and included 1,947,938 physical examination participants aged over 20 years for analysis. The American Heart Association (AHA) criteria were used to evaluate the clinical CVH of the subjects. The time trends from 2016 to 2020 were assessed using a weighted linear regression model stratified by ethnicity. The ethnic groups included Han, Kazakh, Hui, Mongolian, Uyghur, among others.The mean ideal clinical cardiovascular score was highest in Hui and lowest in Uyghur. The scores increased from 5.99 (5.95–6.03) to 6.11 (6.08–6.14) in Kazakh males and from 6.05 (5.99–6.11) to 6.11 (6.06–6.16) in Hui males among participants (Plinear trend < 0.001). The scores for the other groups declined significantly from 2016 to 2020(Plinear trend ＜ 0.05). In the sensitivity analysis, the trend remained unchanged after calculating the body mass index (BMI) cut-off for China. ConclusionClinical CVH differences still exist among different ethnic groups, with a decline in CVH from 2016 to 2020 in all except Kazakh and Hui males. This may indicate a higher incidence and poorer prognosis of cardiovascular disease in the future and can provide guidelines for improving CVH.

Environmental Sensitivity Evaluation of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture Based on GIS and RS

This study takes Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in China as the research object, and establishes an ecological sensitivity evaluation index system based on the current ecological environment of the state using land use data, combined with field surveys and socio-economic and other data. And the ecological sensitivity evaluation was carried out based on Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) using a hierarchical analysis method. The results of the study showed that the overall ecological sensitivity of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture showed spatial variability with low in the northwest and high in the southeast; among them, the extremely sensitive area accounted for only 3.53% of the total area, the moderately sensitive area accounted for 30.10% of the total area, and the slightly sensitive area and insensitive area accounted for 47.82% of the total area. The study provides a theoretical basis for the ecological economy and sustainable development of the state.

‘Fluid’ Identity in Text-Building: A Study of the Revitalization of Origin Tales in West Hunan, China

Abstract My research looks into the revitalization of Miao origin myths in the West Hunan minority ethnic autonomous prefecture in China. Based on two years of fieldwork and archival studies, I propose that West Hunan people’s active perception and interpretation of origin myths and folklore of the Miao people comprise and emphasize curational practices of restructuring historical narratives with a special focus on counter-narrativization. I argue that these efforts challenge lineal historical narration by providing counter-curational perspectives. Interpretations of myths and folklore over the issue of Miao identity reveal curations and counter-curations carried out by different institutions and individuals out of various political and social concerns. Overall, the recent revitalization of origin stories about the Heavenly Kings and the various presentations of Miao origin myths demonstrate the fluidity of minority ethnic identity, which combines the construction of linear history (military/political expansion and Sinicization, when non-Han societies came under the influences of Han culture, language, and ethnic identity) and the construction of mythic history (conveying principles and morality). My case studies illustrates counter-curational practices carried out by individuals and local cultural institutions, which lead to restructuring of historical narratives and counter-curational interpretations of minority ethnic cultures.

Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility Based on CF-SVM in Nujiang Prefecture.

At present, landslide susceptibility assessment (LSA) based on landslide characteristics in different areas is an effective measure for landslide management. Nujiang Prefecture in China has steep mountain slopes, a large amount of water and loose soil, and frequent landslide disasters, which have caused a large number of casualties and economic losses. This paper aims to understand the characteristics and formation mechanism of regional landslides through the evaluation of landslide susceptibility so as to provide relevant references and suggestions for spatial planning and disaster prevention and mitigation in Nujiang Prefecture. Based on the grid cell, this study selected 10 parameters, namely elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, proximity to faults, proximity to road, proximity to rivers, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land-use type, and precipitation. Support vector machine (SVM), certainty factor method (CF), and deterministic coefficient method-support vector machine (CF-SVM) were used to evaluate the landslide susceptibility in Nujiang Prefecture. According to these three models, the study area was divided into five landslide susceptibility grades, including extremely high susceptibility, high susceptibility, moderate susceptibility, low susceptibility, and very low susceptibility. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to verify the accuracy of the model. The results showed that CF model (ROC = 0.865), SVM model (ROC = 0.892), CF-SVM model (ROC = 0.925), and CF-SVM model showed better performance. Therefore, CF-SVM model results were selected for analysis. The study found that the characteristics of high and extremely high landslide-prone areas in Nujiang Prefecture have the following characteristics: intense human activities, large density of buildings and arable land, rich water resources, good economic development, perfect transportation facilities, and complex topography and landform. In addition, there is a finding inconsistent with our common sense that the distribution of landslide disasters in the study area does not decrease with the increase of NDVI value. This is because the Nujiang River basin is a high mountain canyon area with low rock strength, barren soil, and underdeveloped vegetation and root system. In an area with large slope, the probability of landslide disaster will increase with the increase of NDVI. The CF-SVM coupling model adopted in this study is a good first attempt in the study of landslide hazard susceptibility in Nujiang Prefecture.

Combination effect between gut microbiota and traditional potentially modifiable risk factors for first-ever ischemic stroke in Tujia, Miao and Han populations in China.

China has had explosive growth in ischemic stroke (IS) burden with significant ethnic and geographic disparities. The aim of this study was to explore the possible combination effect between gut microbiota and traditional potentially modifiable risk factors for IS among two ethnic minorities (Tujia and Miao) and the Han population. Herein, we first used the 16 S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbial compositions of 82 patients with first-ever IS vs. 82 normal controls (NCs) among Han, Tujia, and Miao people between 1 May 2018 and 30 April 2019, from Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in China. An additive model was used to study the interaction between traditional risk factors and gut microbiota with R software. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and LDA effect size (LEfSe) results showed that the identified key gut microbiota's taxonomic composition varied in different ethnicity between the IS patients and NCs. Furthermore, families Lactobacillaceae, Enterococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae were found to be positively correlated with high-risk factors and negatively correlated with preventive factors in the IS patients, but families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae were just the opposite in the NCs. There were additive interactions between traditional risk factors (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein) and family Enterococcaceae for first-ever IS with the attributable proportion due to the interaction was 0.74, 0.71, and 0.85, respectively; and the synergy index was 4.45, 3.78, and 7.01, respectively. This preliminary but promising study showed that the gut microbiota disturbances may potentially interact to IS with different ethnic host's traditional risk factors.