Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied Research Articles

Summer Thermal Challenges in Emergency Tents: Insights into Thermal Characteristics of Tents with Air Conditioning

Emergency tents face challenges in harsh weather conditions and sometimes require the use of air conditioning for indoor thermal environment control. However, their lightweight structure makes their control methods different from conventional buildings. This study focuses on the indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort of air-conditioned tents during summer. Through experimental measurements, this study captures the distribution of air temperatures and inner surface temperatures within a tent, thus providing an understanding of the characteristics of indoor thermal environment in air-conditioned settings. Additionally, the numerical simulations conducted using the ANSYS FLUENT 2021 R1 calculate the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD), thus contributing to a detailed analysis of the indoor thermal comfort states. The experiment revealed that the mean radiative temperature (MRT) inside the tent can exceed the air temperature by more than 10 °C. Even when the air temperature is around 26 °C, the excessively high MRT can cause occupants to feel uncomfortable, with the PMV exceeding 1.4 and the PPD surpassing 50%. Furthermore, the high MRT results in an increased demand for cooling airflow, with the cooling loss through gaps becoming a significant part in the cooling load. To ensure a comfortable thermal environment, the air-conditioning set temperature needs to be adjusted according to the weather conditions. For instance, even at the same air temperature of 35 °C, when solar radiation increases from 400 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2, the set temperature needs to be reduced from 24.7 °C to 20.7 °C. The findings of this study provide an important reference for establishing summer air-conditioning strategies for emergency tents.

Indoor thermal comfort analysis of TABS with untreated natural ventilation in a warm and humid climate – An experimental study

BackgroundThermally activated building systems (TABS) are the most environment-friendly and energy-efficient cooling technology. These cooling methods, which use pipe-encapsulated building surfaces to minimize the indoor cooling load, have been used in this work. The primary objective of the research is to measure the energy use, thermal comfort and the impact of cooling surface area and water inlet flow velocities on the performance of TABS with natural ventilation assistance in a warm and humid environment. MethodsExperimental studies were conducted to investigate the impact of cooling surface area and water inlet flow velocities on the performance of thermally active buildings with natural ventilation assistance. Significant findingsNatural ventilation had a significant impact on advancing and increasing the average indoor air temperature by 1.5 °C when compared to the neutral adaptive comfort band. The increase in the water inlet velocity from 0.35 to 1.5 m/s substantially removes the thermal energy stored in the TABS system by reducing the average indoor temperature by 2 °C. The predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) was approximately 40% of all cooled surfaces. The energy consumption for 1 m/s water inlet velocity, which provides similar thermal comfort for higher flow rates, is 1.3 kWh. Therefore, from the study, 1 m/s water inlet velocity is found to be the optimal value, where comfort and energy consumption are within an acceptable range. Hence, the operating parameters under which the building envelope is cooled would significantly impact the performance of the thermally activated building system.

Effect of thermal manikin shape on thermal comfort parameters prediction uncertainties: a numerical study

The main goal of the study is to evaluate the effect of the thermal manikin shape on the uncertainty of thermal comfort parameters CFD prediction. Numerical simulation of the airflow and heat transfer was carried out in a model room with displacement ventilation where a standing heated thermal manikin is located (test by P.V. Nielsen et al.). Numerical modelling was carried out using three manikin shapes: the detailed one (close to the human body shape), the simplified (block) one, and the single-parallelepiped shape. The 3D calculations were carried out using the ANSYS Fluent CFD package. Turbulence modelling was performed using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach with the standard k-ε turbulence model. The uncertainties in the CFD-predicted draught rating (DR), percentage dissatisfied caused by vertical air temperature difference (PD), the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD), are discussed. The main result of the paper is the quantitative evaluation of the changes in the local velocity, temperature and thermal comfort parameters due to the thermal manikin shape simplification. It was found that the shape simplifications are suitable if the goal of the study is to predict the integral parameters.

Assessment and comparison of thermal sensations for a traditional and modern building

The proper design of buildings should ensure that the indoor conditions are comfortable, and users experience thermal comfort throughout the year, especially in sophisticated, modern intelligent buildings. The existing model of thermal comfort comes from the 60’s/70’s and was the basis for the ISO 7730 Standard. It utilizes the concept of the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) indicators. The current paper compares the actual expressions of people (as indicated by them in the anonymous questionnaires) with the PMV/PPD values calculated according to the Standard. Differences between these values have been discussed and conclusions have been drawn as to the usability of this thermal comfort model in intelligent buildings, which still seem to be a novelty in Central European countries and data on their thermal comfort performance is still quite modest.

Investigating the Relationship between Landscape Design Types and Human Thermal Comfort: Case Study of Beijing Olympic Forest Park

Urban green space can improve the local thermal environment and thus the quality of the urban residential environment. Taking the green space of Beijing Olympic Forest Park (BOFP) as an example, this study analysed sample points representing different plant community structures, plant community types, and landscape environments based on 15 years of continuous dynamic measurement and selected typical annual data (from 2020). The study analysed and explained the spatial differentiation characteristics of human thermal comfort (HTC) in green space areas of BOFP using the predicted mean vote (PMV)–predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) physical comfort index model, which comprehensively considers both the objective environment and people’s subjective feelings and psychological states. The results showed that the level of HTC in the park’s green space, across community types and across typical landscape environments, differed between areas with different community structures. PMV–PPD mathematical model fitting further verified the above results.

Curve Optimization for the Anidolic Daylight System Counterbalancing Energy Saving, Indoor Visual and Thermal Comfort for Sydney Dwellings

Daylight penetration significantly affects building thermal-daylighting performance, and serve a dual function of permitting sunlight and creating a pleasant indoor environment. More recent attention has focused on the provision of daylight in the rear part of indoor spaces in designing sustainable buildings. Passive Anidolic Daylighting Systems (ADS) are effective tools for daylight collection and redistribution of sunlight towards the back of the room. As affordable and low-maintenance systems, they can provide indoor daylight and alleviate the problem of daylight over-provision near the window and under-provision in the rear part of the room. Much of the current literature on the ADS pays particular attention to visual comfort and rarely to thermal comfort. Therefore, a reasonable compromise between visual and thermal comfort as well as energy consumption becomes the main issue for energy-optimized aperture design in the tropics and subtropics, in cities such as Sydney, Australia. The objective of the current study was to devise a system that could act as a double-performance of shade and reflective tool. The central aim of this paper is to find the optimum curve that can optimize daylight admission without an expensive active tracking system. A combination of in-detail simulation (considering every possible sky condition throughout a year) and multi-objective optimization (considering indoor visual and thermal comfort as well as the view to the outside), which was validated by field measurement, resulted in the optimum ADS for the local dwellings in Sydney, Australia. An approximate 62% increase in Daylight Factor, 5% decrease in yearly average heating load, 17% savings in annual artificial lighting energy, and 30% decrease in Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) were achieved through optimizing the ADS curve.

Analyzing the effects of passive design strategies on building ventilation performance and thermal comfort using simulation-based approach

One of the sustainable approaches to improving indoor thermal comfort and building ventilation efficiency, particularly in developing and populated countries, is to implement the optimum passive design solutions. However, the interaction between ventilation performance, indoor thermal comfort, and passive design features of buildings is scarcely studied in the domain of airflow modeling. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the ventilation performance and indoor thermal comfort with regards to passive design strategies, specifically, opening characteristics such as the Opening to Wall ratio (OWR) and Window to Wall ratio (WWR) in a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) environment. The CFD simulations run is found pivotal for determining the spatial variation of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) to gauge thermal comfort and the natural ventilation performance in terms of air change rate per hour (ACH). The proposed methodology is implemented in classroom spaces of an academic building located in a warm and humid region. In the study, a field investigation is carried out to collect precise temperature and air velocity data needed to validate the resulting CFD model. The findings show that increasing OWR and WWR percentages can enhance ventilation efficiency and indoor thermal comfort.

CFD Modelling of Thermal Comfort in the Passenger Coach

Abstract This paper presents the results of numerical simulations of thermal comfort in a passenger coach. The numerical model with people's presence was developed and appropriate boundary conditions were prepared. The ANSYS CFX program was used for the simulations. The calculations were carried out for summer and winter conditions. The predicted mean vote (PMV), predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) and draft rate (DR) were calculated to assess the thermal comfort of passengers. The requirements of railway standards in terms of passenger comfort assessment were also verified. Based on the simulation results, it was found that the thermal comfort conditions of the passengers in the coach were not fully satisfactory, especially in summer.

Air Distribution System for Infection Reduction in Commercial Airplane Premium Economy and Business Class Passenger Seats

In previous works made by the authors, a new air distribution system with Personalized Ventilation (PV) combined with Underfloor Air Distribution (UFAD) has been proposed. The proposed system in four different configurations provided thermal comfort, as well as a shield between passengers for infection reduction in economy class seats in an airplane. This work extends the previous works by studying the same system for premium economy and business class seats which have extra spacing between passengers. The proposed system provided enhanced thermal comfort despite the extra spacing of the seats. The Predictive Mean Vote (PMV) has recorded the best value of 0.38 for the business class seats compared to all the other seating configurations. Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) has also been improved with values of 12.2% and 10.9% for the premium economy and business classes respectively. In addition to thermal comfort, the proposed system still provides an adequate air shield for passengers in the widely spaced premium economy and business classes. It is recommended as an alternative to the conventional mixed ventilation system in a commercial airplane for all seating plans.

COMPLIANCE OF THERMAL COMFORT PARAMETERS WITHIN THE STUDENTS’ DORMITORY, RESIDENTIAL, AND PUSAT ISLAM ENGINEERING CAMPUS, USM BASED ON INDUSTRY CODE OF PRACTICE ON INDOOR AIR QUALITY (ICOP) 2010

This study assessed occupants’ satisfaction with their surrounding temperature conditions. The study was carried out at the student’s dormitory, residential and prayer hall of Pusat Islam Engineering Campus, USM. It entailed determining the compliance of thermal comfort parameters; temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and air movement (AM). The parameters are then used as input in the Center for the Built Environment (CBE) Thermal Comfort Tool to obtain Predicted Mean Value (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) for ASHRAE Standard-55. The monitoring for this study was conducted for three hours in a three-time period; 6 A.M. - 9 A.M., 11 A.M. - 2 P.M., and 5 P.M. - 8 P.M. for students’ dormitory and residential. For monitoring at Pusat Islam, it was conducted in two slots; 11 A.M. - 2 P.M. and 6 P.M. - 10 P.M., and it was assessed during Ramadan when the Muslims perform the Teraweh prayer. Overall, the finding indicates that most of the time, the thermal comfort parameters at the three monitoring places did not comply with the (Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality) ICOP limit. Hence, it also influenced the PMV and PPD values which did not adhere to the ASHRAE Standard-55. This could be due to the poor design of the building where the plan itself does not promote cross-ventilation, the high outdoor temperature, and insufficient indoor air movement, thus causing discomfort to the occupants

A novel adaptive predictive control strategy of hybrid radiant-air cooling systems operating in desert climates

Hydronic radiant-air cooling systems have proved to be highly energy-efficient compared to all-air systems. However, such systems require advanced control strategies to overcome their slow thermal response and potential water vapor condensation on the radiant surfaces. Yet, there is a clear lack of proposed adaptive controllers in the literature to collaboratively manage both radiant and air sides of the system. Such adaptive controllers are necessary for reliable and stable operation with minimal energy consumption. In this study, a novel offline adaptive predictive control strategy is proposed for the advantages of maximizing the energy savings of hybrid radiant-air systems, located in desert climate zones, while maintaining a higher quality indoor environment. A transient simulation model is developed in TRNSYS v.18 based on a typical medium-office space, located in Cairo, Egypt, with two air-cooled chiller loops serving a thermally activated building system and a dedicated outdoor air system. A multi-input multi-output multi-layered perceptron artificial neural network model has been developed in MATLAB based on batch simulations, performed in TRNSYS, to predict the electricity consumption and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) for different setpoints. The trained model was used as a fitness function of a multi-objective genetic algorithm, coupled with a decision-making criterion, to determine chillers’ setpoint temperatures that minimize the electricity consumption and thermal discomfort on a half-hourly simulation basis. The proposed controller was compared to a baseline three-step feedback controller, which turns the water circulation pumps on or off depending on the difference between the setpoint temperature and the indoor air temperature, as well as the initial state of the pumps (on or off). The results show that the proposed strategy substantially improves the indoor thermal environment, where the percentage of comfortable occupied hours is increased by 25.1%. The proposed controller also reduced the peak electricity consumption by 18.8%. However, the total energy consumption of the cooling season was lower by only 2.7% due to the longer operating hours of the chillers and the circulation pumps with this controller. Different strategies for further reduction of total energy consumption with a minimal tuning of the proposed controller are recommended for future studies.

Did You Just Cough? Visualization of Vapor Diffusion in an Office Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis.

Awareness of indoor air quality (IAQ) in crowded places such as schools and offices has increased since 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, countries’ shifting away from containment and towards living with COVID-19 is expected to increase demand for risk mitigation via air-purification devices. In this work, we use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to investigate the impact of adding an air-purification technology on airflow in an enclosed space. We model a Polyester Filter and UV light (PFUV) dehumidifier in an office with two occupants: one infected with an airborne infectious disease, such as COVID-19; and the other uninfected. We compare three cases where the infected occupant coughs: with no device, and with the device at two different orientations. We construct a CFD model using ANSYS® 2021 Fluent and the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) for the particle treatment. Thermal comfort is assessed using the Testo 400 IAQ and comfort kit. We find that both the device operation and the placement alter the airflow contours, significantly reducing the potential for the uninfected occupant to inhale the vapour expelled by the infected occupant, potentially impacting the likelihood of disease transmission. The device improved thermal comfort measured by Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD).

Hydrothermal Evaluation of Vernacular Housing: Comparing Case Studies of Waste PET Bottles, Stone, and Adobe Houses

This work shows the humidity and thermal evaluation of different case studies of houses. The analyses focused on room prototypes and houses built in different regions of Querétaro, México. Three different climatic zones were included with the evaluations of houses and prototypes. The assessments of internal and external parameters in residential buildings are also shown. The internal parameter measurements were done with hydro-thermometers and thermography images. Six structures were evaluated, one of the conventional housing materials and five of alternative or vernacular materials. The predicted mean vote (PMV) and the predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) were determined using the average temperature and relative humidity values, and they were considered to be dynamic because they can change depending on many factors. The six dwelling insulating properties were associated with their construction materials, design, location, and other factors. The six houses have many differences, but considering their behavior in their location, the two floor porous stone house got the best results. On the contrary, the flagstone house with a gabled roof of galvanized sheets had a cold perception despite many advantageous elements, failing to provide comfort in such a cold location. Contrasting these with other adobe constructions, the analyzed one had low thermal insulation, which was explained by its characteristics. PET and adobe uninhabited prototypes had medium to cold perceptions. The PET prototype has excellent and adjustable insulations, both on temperature and RH, considering the passive illumination and ventilation of its glass bottle skylights.

Performance Improvement of The Radiant Cooling Panel Using Pressure-Vacuum Swing Adsorption with A Solid Desiccant Dehumidification

A growing environmental Impact of global warming and rapidly increasing cost of the electrical energy cause researchers in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning to develop the sustainable cooling technologies. The aim of this study was to investigate and design a radiant cooling panel with solid desiccant dehumidifier which was suitable for tropical climate to achieve thermal comfort. The influence of an interior ventilation fan to thermal comfort assessment was also examined. The designed system with CFD (Computation fluid dynamics) simulation used ANSYS software to compare with the measured data. The total area of the ceiling and wall radiant cooling panels were 16.83 m2 and 16.32 m2 with 26.28 L/min of supplied water by the cooling tower. The solid desiccant dehumidifier was the pressure-vacuum swing adsorption technology with containing 20 kg of silica-gel. The flow rate of supply air was approximately 90 kg/h. The results indicated that the PMV (Predicted mean voted) could be improving with the uses of cooling panel with dehumidifier during the day. The lower temperature and humidity ratio can improve thermal comfort. The patterns of temperature, the relative humidity and the PMV from CFD simulation were in the same agreement with the experimental results. In the case of the ventilation fan installed in the radiant cooling panel with dehumidifier, the average value of predicted mean vote was -0.2. Consequently, the PPD (Predicted percentage dissatisfied) was reduced to 6.2%. The daily electric power consumption was 5.94 kWh which was lower than the conventional air conditioning system about 16.27%.

Optimization of the thermal comfort index PMV-PPD in train saloons

ABSTRACT The thermal comfort in terms of stuffiness in high-speed train saloons in summer is studied with respect to the ISO 7730 standard. The critical factors that affect thermal comfort in trains are determined by Causal analysis. Using the Taguchi experimental method, an optimization design for the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) for experimental cars is determined. The difference between the original thermal comfort index and that for the optimal parameter settings for two saloons are compared. The results show that the respective optimized thermal comfort indices for the two saloons are (−0.07, 5.11%) and (−0.01, 5.00%), which values are similar to the ideal standard for ISO 7730. Compared with the original design, the PMV in a business car increases by 76.7% and the PPD increases by 25.6%. The PMV in Car10 increases by 95.8% and the PPD increases by 18.7%. The optimized parameter settings ensure a better and more stable interior temperature and relative humidity.

Design and optimization of a baffle-type phase-change heat storage electric heating device

Aiming at the phenomenon of excess power and large peak-valley power difference in various application areas, here we design a baffle-type phase change heat storage electric heating device. The device uses expanded graphite (EG)/paraffin (PA) as the heat storage medium, and encapsulates the EG/PA composite phase change materials (CPCM) in a rectangular slab that is directly heated using an electric heating slab. To investigate the impact of the number and thickness of the rectangular plates on the thermal storage and exothermic performance of the device, we perform three-dimensional numerical simulations. We further make performance comparisons with the commonly used shell-and-tube and concentric tube types. In addition, the designed device was optimized by adding fins using the orthogonal test method. To verify the heating effectiveness of the device, we also simulated the temperature field, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) of the heating room. Our investigations confirm continuous heat release of the device for 7 h during the day which meets home heating requirements. It is also shown that the heat storage and exothermic efficiency reach to 85.83% and 90.1%, respectively, after the device is optimized, the storage and exothermic efficiency increased by 8.15% and 6.43% respectively, and the real-time outlet temperature has increased by 4.98 °C compared with that before the optimization; the average indoor temperature of the heating room is 22.49 °C, PMV is 0.55, and PPD is 15.3% in line with the thermal comfort requirements. The device can realize heat storage and heating at the same time when the power is in the valley, during the peak period, the power supply is turned off and the heating is directly supplied by CPCM. compared with the direct electric heating systems can reduce users' electricity costs, and shift peaks and fill valleys and provide a broad commercialization prospect. The research results provide a reference for the design and optimization of heat storage devices and their application in practical engineering.

Multi-objective optimization of setpoint temperature of thermostats in residential buildings

Determination of the optimum setpoint temperature of thermostats in various climates is a problem in air conditioning of residential buildings. In this paper, a new method is developed to optimize the setpoint temperature of thermostats in different climates of Iran. Design variables in the optimization process are heating setpoint, cooling setpoint, thickness, and thermal conductivity of insulations in the building envelopes. The optimization goals are minimizing energy consumption and cost of insulations in addition to maximizing thermal comfort of occupants. Thus, the static payback period (SPP) and the predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) indices are selected as objective functions which should be minimized in the optimization process. The methods applied to attain these objectives are numerical modeling by EnergyPlus software, Grouped Method of Data Handling (GMDH) type of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). Therefore in this process, first, EnergyPlus is used to train the neural network. Afterward, the GMDH-type neural network is applied to derive polynomials computing the objective functions from the design variables. Then, Pareto optimal points for the objective functions are obtained through using these polynomials and NSGA-II multi-objective optimization. Finally, the optimum design point is selected for different cities. According to the results, type and thickness of insulation integrated in the building envelopes affect the static payback period and thermal comfort of occupants. For all the climates of Iran, the most appropriate insulation is XPS and the optimum heating setpoint of thermostat is 22 °C. Also, the optimum value for the cooling setpoint pertains to the type of climate, so that this value for Bandar Abbas, Yazd, Tehran, Rasht and, Tabriz is, respectively, equal to 24.5, 24.7, 25.2, 25.3, and 25.6 °C. Moreover, thermal comfort of occupants increases with thickness of insulation, except for Bandar Abbas whose PPD is almost constant. The most value of PPD reduction with insulation thickness is related to Tehran where by increasing the insulation thickness from 1 cm to 5 cm, PPD decreases up to 53%.

Climate Adaptation and Indoor Comfort Improvement Strategies for Buildings in High-Cold Regions: Empirical Study from Ganzi Region, China

The improvement of building and living conditions in high-cold areas has always been an issue worthy of attention, but there is currently no research using field survey data for evaluation. The Ganzi region, based in the western plateau of China, is a typical example for such a study. Restricted by factors such as natural conditions and economic level, the winter indoor thermal environment of western plateau houses is generally poor. Taking the new residential houses in the Ganzi region as a case study, the authors of this paper conducted field research and analyses. First, the authors analyzed the construction technology and functional layout of the building through thermal environment testing and investigation; second, the authors analyzed the user’s activity path according to the production and lifestyle; thirdly, the authors comprehensively evaluated the indoor thermal comfort through questionnaires and a predicated mean vote (PMV)-predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) evaluation model. The research results showed that: (1) the construction technology, functional layout, and temperature distribution of the new residential building were consistent with the user’s activity path, which could effectively improve thermal insulation ability and thermal comfort; (2) compared to the developed eastern regions, the users in the building showed a stronger tolerance and wider acceptable temperature range in the extreme climate environment; and (3) under certain cooperative work conditions, an indoor temperature of 10–14 °C could meet basic thermal environment requirements and thus lower the limits of the standards. The author’s method was proven to be more resilient than current standards in dealing with climate change. Therefore, this research can provide a practical reference for the improvement of peoples’ living conditions and sustainable development in cold regions and other harsh areas.

Analysis of the accuracy of the Fanger model in the intelligent building – a case study

Nowadays, people spend most of their lives indoors, depending on the season, climate zone, work or study. Considering the amount of time spent in a closed environment, you should be inclined to create the most favourable and comfortable conditions for the internal environment, i.e. thermal comfort. The study, which was carried out in an intelligent building of “Energis” of the Kielce University of Technology, was to bring the authors of the work closer to whether such a building meets the thermal expectations of people using the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied) indicators calculated on the basis of surveys and compared with the indicators calculated on the basis of the ISO 7730 standard.

Experimental study on cooling feasibility and indoor thermal comfort of multi-connected dry capillary radiant air conditioning system

Abstract The traditional capillary radiant air conditioning system with water as heat exchange medium in the indoor unit may have defects of water leakage, pipeline freezing in winter and time delay of cooling and heating effect. It can only achieve good cooling or heating comfort, which is related to the installation of radiant capillary or panel in the floor or ceiling. In view of these defects, this work proposes a multi-connected dry capillary radiant (MDCR) air conditioning system with refrigerant as heat exchange medium. For the cooling operation, the fan coil assisted capillary radiant cooling (FCR) is developed. The fan coil bears part of the sensible cooling load to improve cooling effect and undertakes the entire latent cooling load to dehumidify the air to avoid the condensation. Two operation modes including the capillary radiant cooling (CR) and the FCR were comparatively tested. The test results show that the FCR can maintain the indoor temperature at 19–22°C, a comfortable temperature range, and can dehumidify the air to prevent the condensation. The experimental results demonstrate the application feasibility of MDCR for radiant cooling. In addition, the FCR can maintain the comfort relative humidity at 74–80% during the whole process of the refrigeration operation. The thermal comfort indices of predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) can be kept at −0.5 ~ 0.5 and 0–10% at different heights of the indoor room. It can be concluded that FCR can achieve good thermal comfort and the indices of PMV and PPD can reach Class I standard.