Precision Mechanics Research Articles

Precision Manufacturing in China of Replication Mandrels for Ni-Based Monolithic Wolter-I X-ray Mirror Mandrels

The X-ray satellite “Einstein Probe” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) was successfully launched on 9 January 2024 at 15:03 Beijing Time from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China with a “Long March-2C” rocket. The Einstein Probe is equipped with two scientific X-ray telescopes. One is the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT), which uses lobster-eye optics. The other is the Follow-up X-ray Telescope (FXT), a Wolter-I type telescope. These telescopes are designed to study the universe for high-energy X-rays associated with transient high-energy phenomena. The FXT consists of two modules based on 54 thin X-ray Wolter-I grazing incidence Ni-replicated mirrors produced by the Italian Media Lario company, as contributions from the European Space Agency and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), which also provided the focal-plane detectors. Meanwhile, the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), together with the Harbin Institute of Technology and Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, has also completed the development and production of the structural and thermal model (STM), qualification model (QM) and flight model (FM) of FXT mirrors for the Einstein Probe (EP) satellites for demonstration purposes. This paper introduces the precision manufacturing adopted in China of Wolter-I X-ray mirror mandrels similar to those used for the EP-FXT payload. Moreover, the adopted electroformed nickel replication process, based on a chemical nickel–phosphorus alloy, is reported. The final results show that the surface of the produced mandrels after demolding and the internal surface of the mirrors have been super polished to the roughness level better than 0.3 nm RMS and the surface accuracy is better than 0.2 μm, and the mirror angular resolution for single mirror shells may be as good as 17.3 arcsec HPD (Half Power Diameter), 198 arcsec W90 (90% Energy Width) @1.49 keV (Al-K line). These results demonstrate the reliability and advancement of the process. As the first efficient X-ray-focusing optics manufacturing chain established in China, we successfully developed the first focusing mirror prototype that could be used for future X-ray satellite payloads.

Studying the Effectiveness of Shaped Charge Jets Created by Graphene-containing Shaped Charge Liners

The paper presents selected results of studies conducted within the framework of the following research project: “Use of graphene and new multilayer explosive technologies in materials for shaped charge liners" (The National Centre for Research and Development in Poland: project No: DOB-BI08/03/01/2016). This study was performed by a consortium made up of the following entities: Institute of Precision Mechanics, Military University of Technology and the Mototechnika company (Poland). The main objective of the performed experiments was to test the effectiveness of shaped charge liners produced with the use of powder metallurgy methods, from mixtures containing copper powder and graphene-coated copper powder. The content of the latter equaled 0%, 1%, 5% and 10%, respectively. Shaped charge jets created with the use of liners made from the powder mixtures tested were recorded with the help of X-ray technology. Firing tests were conducted against steel barriers and the depth of penetration was determined. The obtained results showed that the addition of graphene powder to pure copper powder practically does not increase the depth of penetration of the shaped charge jet compared to scenarios in which sintered liners without this additive were used.

CTS—A new X-ray facility for imaging and tomography @ XlabF

X-ray based techniques are widely used in the world. However, high interactions between radiation and matter causes a not so easy radiation handling by optical devices. In the last 30 years, the studies concerning novel advanced material have fostered the development of several solutions for more efficient X-ray setup, necessary to perform high spatial resolution analysis in spectroscopy as well as for imaging techniques applied in Medicine/Pharmacology, Cultural Heritage, Geology and Environment, Electronics, Aerospace, etc.Recent results (principally in three main fields, such as high resolution X-ray Imaging, micro X-Spectroscopy and micro Tomography) obtained at XLab-Frascati (XlabF) were previously discussed while very recently, a new experimental setup, dedicated for High Resolution X-ray Imaging and μ-Tomography, was developed as a part of Italian Premiale project, called ”Computed Tomography Station” (CTS). This apparatus is equipped with a micro-focusing source (5μm on the anode), high precision mechanics and high-resolution CCD detector (10.4μm per pixel), so as through the phase retrieval technique, we can reach the estimated resolution of less than 1μm. The CTS experimental setup was commissioned ad the beginning of 2023 and it is already ready to be opened for internal and external users.In this work, we will show the last results concerning our new experimental setup, related to the analysis of a glass capillary, with different geometrical distances, and two organic samples entrapped in matrix amber. Starting from these results, the next step is to use modern polycapillary optics as a grating interferometric hexagonal matrix for a better phase-contrast resolution.

Erratum: Laser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring of acute pancreatitis at ischemia–reperfusion injury of the pancreas in rats

Journal of Innovative Optical Health SciencesOnline Ready Open AccessErratum: Laser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring of acute pancreatitis at ischemia–reperfusion injury of the pancreas in ratsis erratum ofLaser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring of acute pancreatitis at ischemia–reperfusion injury of the pancreas in ratsP. A. Dyachenko, A. N. Bashkatov, D. A. Alexandrov, V. I. Kochubey, and V. V. TuchinP. A. DyachenkoSaratov State University, Saratov, RussiaLaboratories of Biophotonics and Laser Molecular, Imaging and Machine Learning, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, RussiaE-mail Address: [email protected], A. N. BashkatovSaratov State University, Saratov, RussiaLaboratories of Biophotonics and Laser Molecular, Imaging and Machine Learning, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia, D. A. AlexandrovSaratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia, V. I. KochubeySaratov State University, Saratov, Russia, and V. V. TuchinLaboratories of Biophotonics and Laser Molecular, Imaging and Machine Learning, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Precision Mechanics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaA.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russiahttps://doi.org/10.1142/S1793545823920013Cited by:0 PreviousNext AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail [J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci., Vol. 15, No. 1 (2022) 2242002] FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesLaser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring of acute pancreatitis at ischemia–reperfusion injury of the pancreas in rats19 Nov 2021Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences Recommended Online Ready Metrics History Published: 31 May 2023 Information© The Author(s)This is an Open Access article. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY) License. Further distribution of this work is permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.PDF download

Introduction to the special issue on celebrating the 15th anniversary of JIOHS and the 70th anniversary of HUST

Journal of Innovative Optical Health SciencesOnline Ready Open AccessIntroduction to the special issue on celebrating the 15th anniversary of JIOHS and the 70th anniversary of HUSTQingming Luo, Valery V. Tuchin and Lihong WangQingming LuoHainan University, P. R. ChinaWuhan National Lab for Optoelectronics, HUST, P. R. ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected]Corresponding author. Search for more papers by this author , Valery V. TuchinSaratov State University, RussiaTomsk State University, RussiaInstitute of Precision Mechanics and Control, FRC SSC RAS, RussiaA.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, FRC Fundamentals of Biotechnology RAS, RussiaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author and Lihong WangCalifornia Institute of Technology, USAE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793545823020017Cited by:0 PreviousNext AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Recommended Online Ready Metrics History Published: 3 February 2023 Information© The Author(s)This is an Open Access article. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY) License. Further distribution of this work is permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.PDF download

АНАЛІЗ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК СУЧАСНИХ ГЕОДЕЗИЧНИХ ПРИЛАДІВ

It is known that the requirements for the quality of geodetic works are growing rapidly. The need for constant improvement of the general technical level of geodetic works, reliability, accuracy, manufacturability of geodetic production also grows. Issues of accuracy of geodetic works are of fundamental importance, because they ultimately determine the level of quality and reliability of geodetic networks and geodetic measurements. When assessing the reliability and accuracy of measurements, the main thing is to choose the perfect method of geodetic works and appropriate instruments and equipment, based on the specified technological requirements of the project and tolerances. Today's modern geodetic instrument is a product of high technology, which combines the latest advances in electronics, precision mechanics, optics, materials science and other sciences. Progress does not stand still, analog devices tested for years are replaced by modern digital and laser equipment. There were more requirements for geodetic works. They must be performed as soon as possible and with high accuracy. The article considers three types of modern geodetic equipment, namely: electronic theodolite, total station, and laser rangefinder. For a detailed analysis, the technical characteristics of the devices of several leading manufacturers were taken: Leica, Topcon, Sokkia, SOUTH, BOSCH. Their advantages and disadvantages, both in general and in comparison with each other, are revealed. The most relevant areas of application and features of use are analyzed. Despite the wide range of modern geodetic instruments, the question of the ratio of their price and quality remains relevant. A detailed study of the technical characteristics, taking into account the scope of application of a device allows the specialist to make the most appropriate choice. The accuracy, speed and cost of work are directly affected by the correct selection of equipment that will perform geodetic measurements.

Vocational Training With Microlearning—How Low-Immersive 360-Degree Learning Environments Support Work-Process-Integrated Learning

In-company training is facing new challenges in preparing employees for the demands of digitalized and automated manufacturing. New training concepts like microlearning are necessary to support work-process-related learning. To handle the limitations of microlearning, we develop a 360-degree learning system to demonstrate a realistic work environment and overcome the lack of design knowledge supporting the motivation and performance of employees using such systems. Based on a systematic literature review and semistructured interviews, we have developed design requirements for interactive 360-degree learning environments. We used a workshop-based mixed-method approach with interviews, concept maps, and video analysis to evaluate the motivation and performance of precision mechanics within a prototypical work-process-oriented learning environment in an intercompany vocational training center. The results show a positive effect on learning outcomes and motivation. In addition, the ease of use and sense of presence while using the learning environment are rated as high. We contribute to theory by shedding new light on learners’ motivation and performance within work-process-oriented interactive 360-degree learning environments. Furthermore, we offer guidelines for developing interactive 360-degree learning environments against the background of the current metaverse discussion.

Research regarding the influence of different printing strategies on the mechanical characteristics of some FDM manufactured structures

The aim of this paper is to present a study we already performed regarding the mechanical behaviour of different structures for infill patterns obtained by fused deposition modelling (FDM). This time, the authors used different infill factors (10%, 30% and 60%) and different printed pattern strategies (diamond, honeycomb, linear, wiggle), after which the structures obtained with the above parameters were evaluated from a mechanical point of view to identify the optimal variant, because the printing conditions play an important role, as they can particularly influence the properties of 3D printed structures that can be used, for example, as device (instrument) housing or functional tests. The experimental determinations were performed at the Laboratory of Ultra-precise Systems for Precision Mechanics from UPB to observe how printing strategies correlated with infill factors influence the mechanical characteristics of manufactured structures.

Innovation Process for Optical Face Scanner Used to Customize 3D Printed Spectacles.

Many people for different reasons end up wearing glasses to correct their vision. From time immemorial, there has been an unquestionable ability to associate people with glasses. Designing the glasses according to the physiognomy of each person opens a new path for a completely new optical experience. The frames are designed to fit perfectly on the face, are comfortable on the nose, and are positioned at an optimal distance from the cheeks and eyelashes. Three-dimensional printing technology offers the possibility to customize any form of glasses at a low cost with average quality. In this type of technology, the printer receives a digitized model of the spectacle frame (usually in STL file format) that must meet the parameters related to the wearer’s anatomy. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative process, an optical method used to scan the wearer’s face to design a parameterized design of the spectacle frames. The procedure has a measurement phase for quantifying the anatomical features of the wearer’s face, a para-metric design phase of the glasses for adjusting the design parameters according to the anatomical characteristics, and a manufacturing phase in which the custom eyeglass frame will be manufactured using 3D printing technology. The aim of this study was to create an innovative process that could be tested as an educational 3D printing system that could be used by undergraduate students (studying under an optometry program), a process that would begin at optometric prescription stage and can be used in the educational laboratory of the Department of Mechatronics and Precision Mechanics from the Politehnica University of Bucharest. Using this method we obtained a custom spectacle frame that can be prototyped using 3D printing. The 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) frames are lightweight, flexible, durable, and the innovative photogrammetry process gives designers the ability to create custom designs that cannot be created with traditional manufacturing techniques.

VIRTUAL SCREENING AND MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS ON THREE SARS-COV-2 DRUG TARGETS BY MULTIPLE COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH

Objective: SARS-CoV-2 is a pandemic virus characterized by upper respiratory tract infection and can range from mild symptoms to severe complications. In this case, drug repurposing and computer-aided studies have become very important to find emergency solutions. In this study, drug-target interactions on three nonstructural protein structures of SARS-CoV-2 of 8820 drug candidates or drug molecules obtained from the DrugBank database were analyzed. Material and Method: Comprehensive virtual screening and molecular docking studies from 8820 drug molecules or candidates obtained from the DrugBank database were performed on the RNA binding protein, 2'-O-methyltransferase, and endoribonuclease of SARS-CoV-2; and potential drug candidates were determined for each target. Virtual screening studies have been done with High-Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS), Standard Precision (SP), Extra Precision (XP), and Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA). Also, information about the clinical findings, transmission, pathogenesis, and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 has been given. Result and Discussion: Drug-target interactions on three nonstructural protein structures of SARS-CoV-2 of 8820 drug candidates or drug molecules obtained from the DrugBank database were analyzed. Potential compound recommendations for each drug target were presented. Information was given about key amino acids where active sites of drug target proteins interact with ligands. This study is expected to be useful in target-based drug development studies on the proteins of SARS-CoV-2.

Piccole imprese italiane fra crisi e trasformazione: Officine Panerai e Allemano

For some years economic literature has been using the concept of resilience to show how a system is able to resist shocks and difficulties and develop productive, social and institutional changes. In this case, not only economic resilience is at stake, but also the adaptability of individuals and the community. Within compa-nies, routines or dynamic capabilities often form which are their real assets: a set of resources, processes and skills (such as, for example, scientific knowledge, tech-nical know-how, organizational skills) on which a company can count to cope with rapid external changes, crisis situations or negative events. In such a context, this work aims to compare the stories of two small personally managed companies - Officine Panerai of Florence and Allemano of Turin - which present strong similari-ties in their typologies of production (precision mechanics, mainly for military use) and in their evolution. Albeit at different historical moments, they have adopted very similar strategies, focusing on diversification and product innovation, in par-ticular in the haute horology market. More generally, their resilience seems to sug-gest how the fabric of small and medium-sized enterprises is one of the keystones of Italy's economic resilience, despite decades of limitations, contradictions and delays, and how this system of flexible and innovative companies is the factor which, ultimately, still makes «the flight of the bumblebee» possible.

Analysis of Mining-Induced Delayed Surface Subsidence

The topic of residual subsidence is important in Europe as it defines possible surface deformation for closed mine areas. It has to be determined because of potential financial claims and damages of sensitive objects such as satellite dishes, precision mechanics objects, agriculture, forestry and hydrogeology, etc. Analyses of measured subsidence after the end of mining exploitation indicate that this process can last from several months to several dozen or even several hundred years, and the final surface subsidence is not known. It is dependent on the individual’s features of excavated medium, depth of exploitation, a system of exploitation, behaviour of surrounding rock masses, etc. In the article, the authors analysed the assessment of the subsidence process after the end of mining operations, based on the innovative method. This concerns the duration of the subsidence process and the size of the expected subsidence. The methodology was applied to the RAG Aktiengesellschaft company project where prognostic calculations were made for seven closed coal mines using unique results of precise height measurements carried out for more than 90 years by the German State Office for National Measurements (Landesvermessungsamt NRW) under the so-called levelling measurements net. These measurements are carried out every 2 years and serve to keep the altitude network in the whole state of Rhineland Westphalia up-to-date. The result of the prognosis for one case study, German mine Auguste-Victoria, is presented in the article.

Calibration platform controller of the laser Doppler anemometer

Primary standards for the unit of air flow velocity often use a Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) as the primary measurement standard. A rotating disc with a fixed diameter is used to calibrate LDA. The paper proposes calibration platform based on the precision mechanics of HDD disk. A disk rotation controller has been developed for the platform. Deviations of the disk rotation speed do not exceed 0.01% RMS in the range of angular speeds of 600-4800 rpm.

A new method for optimizing the topology of hinge‐free and fully decoupled compliant mechanisms with multiple inputs and multiple outputs

AbstractCompliant mechanisms with multiple inputs and multiple outputs have a wide range of applications in precision mechanics, for example, cell manipulations, electronic microscopes, and so on. The movement uncoupling and maximum desired output displacements among these devices all become critical because many inputs and outputs are involved. The topology optimization design of compliant mechanisms, which can solve output coupling and input coupling problems, hinge and gray region problems, and the multiple‐objective optimal problem, is an important topic of researches for achieving fully decoupled motion. It is also a challenge area of research due to serious conflicts of between the four of output and input uncoupling constraints, volume constraint, the hinge‐free requirement, and the good black/white solution requirement. In order to comprehensively solve these problems, a simple optimization model overcoming these serious conflicts is posed, which includes small change rate constraints of structural compliances corresponding to the driving input loads and output point virtual loads. Then, the multiple output displacement functions of the model are equivalently converted into non‐negative functions. The multiple‐objective model is converted into a single‐objective optimization model by using a bound variable. The method of moving asymptotes (MMA) algorithm is adopted to solve it. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

Non-destructive testing by the eddy current method of half-shafts after induction hardening

The non-destructive testing method with applying eddy currents carried out on drive half-shafts used in the car drive systems was described. The aim of the testing was to establish if the tested shafts were inductively hardened. At the Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Precision Mechanics, the control and measurement system was designed and built to detect efficiently the martensite structure and therefore to make possible quick control of any elements. The system has been implemented at the Neapco Europe, the manufacturer of drive-shafts for the automobile industry, in Praszka, Poland.

Ultrafast Science to Capture Ultrafast Motions

We are living in a dynamic world, where all matter is in a vibrant process, whether it is a giant celestial body or a small atom. Being able to observe, analyze, and manipulate these dynamic processes is undoubtedly essential for scientific discoveries and technical innovations. The evolution of any physical quantity (e.g., displacement, mass, electromagnetic fields, intensity, phase, and spectra) with time gives rise to different time-varying phenomena—some are slow, some are fast, and some are ultrafast, in view of what human beings can sense. With the modern smartphone or camera, fast motions within the microsecond time scale can now be recorded in daily life. However, when we enter into the micro/nanoscale world, what happens often becomes ultrafast. For example, atomic diffusion occurs in a nanosecond (10–9s) time scale. Molecular rotation, charge transfer relaxation, and magnetization reversal happen in picoseconds (10–12s). Molecule and lattice vibrations can happen even faster, occurring in femtoseconds (10–15s). Looking into the depths of an atomic system, electrons move orders faster to the attosecond (10–18s), which is currently the fastest process that human beings can observe. Furthermore, when we explore the nucleus of an atom, we will find the ultrafast dynamics happening in zeptoseconds (10–21s). These ultrafast processes, which eventually govern the property of matter, need special pulsed probing sources, methods, and instruments to investigate. The related ultrafast technologies play important roles for research and applications in fundamental physics, chemistry, materials, biology, energy, and information science. Ultrafast science is a general term referring to a knowledge system to investigate and explore the phenomena and laws of ultrafast changes in the universe. It involves various disciplines including atom and molecule physics, condensed matter physics, mechanics, optics, chemistry, biology, material science, and information science. Thus, ultrafast science has developed rapidly in the past decades. The Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded for femtosecond laser chemistry in 1999. The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded for optical frequency comb laser precision spectroscopy in 2005. The 2018 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded for ultrashort super-intense laser pulse technology—chirped pulse amplification. In the last 10 years, over 50,000 research articles have been published in over 1,000 journals, as analyzed by Web of Science using the keyword of “ultrafast.” However, there lacks a specific high-impact journal that focuses on ultrafast science. This is the motivation for launching the Ultrafast Science journal. After over 1 year of preparation and discussion with the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), we reached a consensus that ultrafast science is an emerging and important direction which covers very broad and leading research fields. In 2020, Ultrafast Science became a Science Partner Journal distributed by the AAAS in collaboration with Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), which is one of the leading organizations in ultrafast science in China, from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Ultrafast Science is an Open Access Journal which publishes top-quality original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and perspectives, reflecting significant advances, breakthroughs, and novel applications with considerable potential in ultrafast science and broad interest from scientific communities. Topics include but are not limited to ultrafast physics, ultrafast laser and application, ultrafast imaging, ultrafast spectroscopy, ultrafast measurement, ultrafast materials and devices, ultrafast terahertz photonics, ultrafast electronics, ultrafast chemical physics, and other ultrafast phenomena. Interdisciplinary research demonstrating how ultrafast technology advances physics, chemistry, biology, material science, and other disciplines is especially welcome. We are honored to serve as the founding Editors-in-Chief and are grateful to work with the members of the Editorial Board, which currently comprise around 40 famous scientists from all over the world, including Gerard Mourou, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 2018. We believe that Ultrafast Science will become a high-impact journal in the near future with all of your participation and contributions, and that the journal will grow with the continuous breakthroughs in the ultrafast frontier.

Aperture-averaged scintillation index and fade statistics in weak oceanic turbulence* *Project supported by the fund from Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics.

With the rapid demand for underwater optical communication (UOC), studies of UOC degradation by oceanic turbulence have attached increasing attention worldwide and become a research hot-spot in recent years. Previous studies used a simplified and inaccurate oceanic turbulence spectrum, in which the eddy diffusivity ratio between temperature and salinity is assumed to be unity and the outer scale of turbulence is assumed to be infinite. However, both assumptions are not true in most of the actual marine environments. In this paper, based on the Rytov theory in weak turbulence, we derive analytical expressions of “the aperture-averaged scintillation index” (SI) for both plane and spherical waves, which can clearly demonstrate how SI is influenced by several key factors in UOC. Then, typical fade statistics of the UOC system in weak turbulence is discussed including the probability of fade, the expected number of fades per time, the mean fade time, signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate. Our results show that spherical wave is preferable in the UOC system in weak turbulence compared to plane wave, and the aperture-averaged effect has a significant impact on UOC system’s performance. Our results can be used to determine those key parameters for designing the UOC system over reasonable ranges.

Adaptacja laboratorium maszynowego dawnej Szkoły Rzemiosł Budowlanych i Wyższej Szkoły Budowy Maszyn na bibliotekę Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Wrocławskiej

Budynek laboratorium maszyn powstał w latach w 1905–1907, jako ostatni element kompleksu dawnej Szkoły Rzemiosł Budowlanych na wrocławskim Ołbinie. Obiekt został dość mocno zniszczony w trakcie II wojny światowej. W latach 60. XX w. zachowane resztki budowli zostały, w sposób dość prowizoryczny, odbudowane i zaadaptowane na warsztat mechaniki precyzyjnej dla Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Na początku XXI w. rozpoczęto działania rewitalizacyjne mające na celu przekształcenie zabytkowego kompleksu w nowoczesny kampus edukacyjny. Budynek dawnego laboratorium maszynowego przeznaczono do odbudowy i adaptacji na bibliotekę Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Projekt został poprzedzony badaniami i analizami historycznymi. Prace przeprowadzono w latach 2014-2017.

International Advisory Committee

International Advisory Committee Prof. Allison M. Okamura (IEEE Fellow), Stanford University, United States Conference Committees Chair Prof. Dennis Lieu, University of California, Berkeley, United States Program Committee Chairs Prof. Dr. Jan Awrejcewicz, Lodz University of Technology, Poland Marina Barulina, Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia Technical Committee Chairs Prof. He Xu, Harbin Engineering University, ChinaProf. Kunhong Liu, Xiamen University, ChinaProf. Kwanho You, Sungkyunkwan University, South KoreaProf. Mohamed bin Hussein, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, MalaysiaAssoc. Prof. Yi Jin, University of Science and Technology of China, ChinaAssoc. Prof. Jie Yang, Dalian University of Technology, ChinaAssoc. Prof. Dirman Hanafi, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MalaysiaAssoc. Prof. Dr. Vyacheslav Petrenko,North-Caucasus Federal University, RussiaAssoc. Prof. Dr. Maria Lapina, North-Caucasus Federal University, RussiaAsst. Prof. Abdel-Hameed Badawy, New Mexico State University, USADr. Zahid Akhtar, University of Memphis, USADr.Hsien-I Lin, National Taipei University of Technology, TaiwanDr. Lihong Zheng, Charles Sturt University, AustraliaDr. Adrian Kampa, Silesian University of Technology, PolandSze-Teng Liong, Feng Chia University, TaiwanMuath Alrammal, Higher Colleges of Technology, United Arabe of EmiratesMunir Naveed, Higher Colleges of Technology, United Arabe of EmiratesSuman Deb, NIT Agartala, IndiaNirmalya Kar, National Institute of Technology Agartala, IndiaAshim Saha, National Institute of Technology Agartala, IndiaIbragim Suleimenov, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications,KazakhstanAkhat Bakirov, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications, KazakhstanSebastian Heil, Chemnitz Technical University, Germany

Test of a novel 2 * 2 multi-anode MCP-PMT

Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS is developing a novel MCP-PMT with 2 × 2 matrix anode pixels with a time resolution of picosecond level. It is composed of a cermet shell, bi-alkali photocathode, and V-type cascade MCP layers. In order to study the method of measuring the characteristics of such MCP-PMT with picosecond time resolution, we develop a PMT test system to test its performance. A voltage divider resistor circuit for the MCP-PMT is designed to meet the requirements of both high gain and fast time response. The test system includes a picosecond laser source in the single-photon mode, a high-bandwidth oscilloscope, and another fast MCP-PMT as reference. Full waveforms of PMT signals are collected and analyzed offline. The overall system time error is 26 ps. The test result shows that the gain of the MCP-PMT achieves 1 × 107. The transit time spread (TTS) of all channels is better than 60 ps (σ). The uniformity and crosstalk among adjacent channels are also studied by scanning each channel’s response along the photocathode plane. The MCP-PMT shows excellent timing performance and the potential of achieving better spatial resolution by further pixelation.